Forests cover approximately 30% of the Earth's land and provide important resources but are also under threat. They store large amounts of carbon, harbor much of the world's biodiversity, and provide economic and social benefits. While deforestation rates have slowed somewhat globally, forests continue to be damaged by fires, diseases, and human activities like agriculture and development. Management of forests varies around the world, with some regions showing more sustainable practices than others. Protecting forests will help mitigate climate change and conserve ecosystems.

1. FOREST RESOURCES By Ashish M Padaruth 0803012054 AbhishekSrivastava 08030121049 AmritanshuPathack 08030121050

3. Introduction

4. Forests cover a third of our land on the planet earth They provide raw materials, maintain biodiversity, protect land and water resources, and play a role in climate change mitigation Forests are heavily exploited

5. they can be damaged by fire, agricultural and urban expansion, and other disturbances

6. Ten countries with largest forest areas (million ha)

7. How much forest is there on the planet and at what rate is it disappearing?

8. 30% of the global total land area is covered by forests Forest area decreased worldwide by 0.22% per year in the period 1990-2000 and 0.18% per year between 2000 and 2005. Primary forests account for over a third of global forest area

9. Forest plantations are increasing but make up less than 5% of overall forest area

10. Forest characteristics (%)

11. How can forests affect climate change?

12. by affecting the amount of carbon dioxide carbon is removed from the atmosphere and absorbed in wood, leaves and soil Forests are known as ‘ carbon sinks ‘ forest ecosystems store more carbon than the entire atmosphere

13. Growing stock is a measure of the volume of stem wood in a given area of forest or wooded land Carbon stock refers to the amount of carbon stored in the world’s forest ecosystem

14. Total Carbon Stock (C) in forests by region

15. What is the biological diversity of the world’sforests?

17. Biological diversity allows forest ecosystems to adapt continuously to changing conditions and to maintain their potential for meeting human needs The amount of primary forest provides a basic indication of biodiversity Protected areas of forest are important to conserve biological diversity

18. The number of native tree species found in different countries varies greatly Rare tree species and those with high economic value are often in danger of becoming locally extinct

19. Ten countries with the largest area of primary forest (%)

20. Number of native forest tree species

21. How healthy are the world’s forests?

22. Forests can be damaged by disturbances such as fires, airborne pollution, storms, invasive species, pests, diseases, and insects About 1% of forests (an area roughly the size of New Zealand) are consumed by fire each year Problems caused by insects and diseases have increased in recent years

23. Other forest disturbances include climatic factors such as wind, snow, ice, floods, tropical storms and drought, or impacts of animals

24. What products are extracted from forests?

25. Forests provide a wide range of products, not only timber and fuel wood, but also products such as food (berries, mushrooms ,etc.) and fodder One third of the world’s forests are used primarily for production of wood Growing stock is the amount of stemwood in a given area

26. Volume of timber and fuel wood harvested has remained constant Non-wood products provided by forests include food, fodder, and medicinal plants

27. Five countries with greatest total growing stock (%)

28. Ten countries with largest area of productive forest plantations (%)

29. What are the protective effects of forests?

30. conservation of ecosystems in maintaining clean water in preventing or reducing the severity of floods, avalanches, erosion and drought An increasing area of the world’s forests is designated primarily for soil and water conservation

31. Recognizing the important protective role of forests, many countries have planted trees for this purpose

32. Designated functions of forests globally (%)

33. What are the economic and social benefits of forests?

34. Forests provide a wide range of economic and social benefits The total value of harvested timber and fuelwood was about US$64 billion The total global reported value of non-wood forest products was US$4.7 billion

35. 10 million people are employed in forestry Most of the world’s forests are publicly owned (84%), but private ownership is increasing Use of forests for recreation and education is increasing

36. Are forests managed in a sustainable way?

37. There are many good signs and positive trends, but also many negative trends At the global level, there has been a decrease in the area of forest In Africa, overall, there was limited progress In Asia, progress has been mixed

38. In Europe, the status of forest has mainly been stable Forest management has progressed in North and Central America as a whole Progress in South America was mixed Within world regions there are local differences

39. Ownership of forests by subregion

40. And what about tribal people?

41. Conclusions

42. Deforestation continues at an alarmingly high rate, but that the net loss of forest area is slowing down If managed sustainably, forests also contribute significantly to local and national economies Overall, progress towards sustainable forest management has been mixed

43. The world’s forests

44. Any Questions?

45. Thank You The End