Human hair can provide important evidence in criminal cases. Key information that can be determined from hair includes the species, race, location on the body, and whether it was forcibly removed or treated with chemicals. Hair is composed of a cuticle, cortex, and sometimes a medulla. Features like color, diameter, root structure, and medullary patterns can be used to compare questioned hairs to known samples from victims or suspects. DNA from the root or shaft can also provide identifying information. Proper collection of hair and fiber evidence is important for forensic analysis.
Analysis of hair and fiber , differentiating it between human and animals. analysis in identification cases of male and female and different places of body origin. Examination in sexual assault cases and extraction of DNA from hair from DNA fingerprinting.
Encryption is one of the most important parts of modern application security. But the practice of obfuscating messages go far further back in history than many realise. In this talk we'll take a look at the development ; the differences between steganography and cryptography, between codes and ciphers, and the unceasing battle between cryptographers and cryptanalysts throughout history and the very human stories behind it.
Analysis of hair and fiber , differentiating it between human and animals. analysis in identification cases of male and female and different places of body origin. Examination in sexual assault cases and extraction of DNA from hair from DNA fingerprinting.
Encryption is one of the most important parts of modern application security. But the practice of obfuscating messages go far further back in history than many realise. In this talk we'll take a look at the development ; the differences between steganography and cryptography, between codes and ciphers, and the unceasing battle between cryptographers and cryptanalysts throughout history and the very human stories behind it.
Paints: types and composition; Forensic examination of paint: microscopic and macroscopic examination, pigment distribution, micro-chemical analysis, physical matching and solubility test; Analytical tools used in paint comparison
Paints: types and composition; Forensic examination of paint: microscopic and macroscopic examination, pigment distribution, micro-chemical analysis, physical matching and solubility test; Analytical tools used in paint comparison
Disorders of the hair shaft present with a challenge while understanding the topic and also while diagnosing any patient presenting with a similar problem. This presentation makes the approach to any patient presenting with hair shaft disorders more comprehensive.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
forensics ch 5 & 6 notes
1. A ll
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2. Hair
Human hair is one of the most frequently found pieces
of evidence at the scene of a violent crime. It can
provide a link between the criminal and the crime.
From hair, one can determine:
• If the source is human or animal
• Race (sometimes)
• Origin of the location on the source’s body
• Whether the hair was forcibly removed
• If the hair has been treated with chemicals
• If drugs have been ingested
4. It’s what’s inside that counts…
Composed of: Hair Shaft
Cuticle—outside covering,
made of overlapping scales
Cortex—inner layer made of
keratin and embedded with
pigment; also contains air sacs
called cortical fusi
Medulla—inside layer running
down the center of the cortex
5. The Cuticle
• outermost layer of hair
• covered with scales
• scales point toward the tip of the hair
• Scales differ among species of animals
and are named based on their
appearance.
6. The Cuticle – 3 basic patterns
Coronal – small Spinous – minks,
rodents, bats seals, cats
Imbricate – human and
large mammals
7. Viewing the Cuticle
In order to visualize the scales:
• Paint clear fingernail polish on a
glass slide.
• When the polish begins to dry,
place a hair on the polish.
• When it is almost dry, lift off the
hair and observe the scale
imprints.
What pattern is seen in this slide?
8. The Cortex
The cortex gives the hair its shape.
It has two major characteristics:
•Melanin—pigment granules that
give hair its color
•Cortical fusi—air spaces, usually
found near the root but may be
found throughout the hair shaft
9. The Medulla
The medulla is the hair core that is not always visible.
The medulla comes in different types and patterns.
Types:
Interrupted
Fragmented
Continuous
Absent—not present
11. Medullary Index
Click to edit Master title style
Determined by measuring the
diameter of the medulla and
dividing it by the diameter of the
hair.
•human hair is generally < 1/3.
•animal hair, is usually >1/2.
12. Hair Shape
Hair can be straight, wavy, or curly/kinky
Cross-section can be round, oval, or flattened oval
Round Oval Flattened oval
(Straight) (wavy) (curly/Kinky)
13. Hair Growth
Terminology
Anagen—hair is
actively growing; lasts
up to 6 years
Catagen—hair is not
growing; a resting
phase (1 – 2 weeks)
Grows about 0.4 mm per day, or
Telogen—follicle is 1 cm per month; approximately
getting ready to push ½ inch/month
the hair out; lasts 5 –
6 weeks
14. The Root
• Human roots look different based on whether they
have been forcibly removed or they are telogen hairs
that have fallen out.
• Animal roots vary, but in general have a spear shape.
Fallen out Forcibly removed
15. Origin of the Hair
Head Hairs Pubic Hairs
• Long with moderate shaft • Shaft diameter coarse with
diameter and diameter variation wide variations and buckling
• Medulla absent to continuous
• Medulla relatively broad and
and relatively narrow when
usually continuous when
compared to the structure of
present
hairs from other body areas
• Often with cut or split tips • Root frequently with tag
• Can show artificial treatment, • Tip usually tapered, rounded,
solar bleaching, or mechanical or abraded
damage
• Stiff texture, wiry
• Soft texture, pliable
16. Origin of the Hair
Pubic Hair Buckling Pubic Hair Root with Tag
17. Comparing Hair
The following features of hair can be used
as points of comparison:
• Color • Scale types
• Length • Presence or absence
• Diameter of medulla
• Distribution, shape, and color • Medullary type
intensity of pigment granules
• Medullary pattern
• Dyed hair has color in cuticle
and cortex • Medullary index
• Bleaching removes pigment and
gives a yellow tint
18. DNA from Hair
• The root contains nuclear DNA. If the hair has been
forcibly removed, some follicular tissue containing DNA
may be attached.
• The hair shaft contains abundant mitochondrial DNA,
inherited only from the mother. It can be typed by
comparing relatives if no DNA from the body is
available. This process is more difficult and more costly
than using nuclear DNA.
19. The Collection of Hair
Questioned hairs must be accompanied by an adequate
number of control samples.
• From victim
• From possible suspects
• From others who may have
deposited hair at the scene
• 50 full-length hairs from
all areas of scalp
• 24 full-length pubic hairs
20. Limitations of Hair Analysis
• Unless DNA is
collected, hair is
usually class evidence
• Evidence may be
consistent with a
known sample
• Hair can vary within a
hair and among hairs
on the head
21. Hair Toxicology
Advantages:
• Easy to collect and store
• Is externally available
• Can provide information on the
individual’s history of drug use or
evidence of poisoning
Collections must be taken from different locations on
the body to get an accurate timeline.
22. • Like hair, fibers are commonly
Fibers
found at crime scenes
• Usually class evidence but can
provide associations and
connections
23. Fibers - the details
Textiles are fabrics woven in a distinctive pattern
Fabric is made of fibers.
Fibers are made of filaments.
Filaments
Natural - animal, vegetable, or inorganic
Artificial – made form altered natural sources
24. Points of Comparison:
• Types of filaments
Fabric
• weave
• degree of stretch
• water repellence
• absorbency
• softness
• durability
25. Filament Cross
Sections
• Synthetic fibers are forced out of a nozzle when they
are hot, and then they are woven.
• holes of the nozzle are not always round
• filaments may have a unique shape in cross section.
R ound 4-lobed
Octalobal
T rilobal
Irregular
Dogbone or Multi-lobed
Dumbbell or Serrate
Nylon carpet fibers in cross-section
26. Collecting Fibers
• Bag clothing
• Use tape lifts to gather fibers
• Use tweezers, tape, or a vacuum
• Collect exemplars of known fibers/fabrics
