Fontainebleau Chateau
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The medieval castle in the site and later chateau was the residence of French monarchs from Louis VII through Napoleon III. It was the traditional residence of the French monarch. It also dated back a long way too, from its beginning of an abbey, to a hunting lodge then to a palace. Unlike Versailles, Fontainebleau is not a vision of one monarch. It is a bewildering of styles from Francois I, who modelled on Florentine and Roman styles. Throughout the visit you will be able to see the changes in French tastes and the changing architectural styles Fontainebleau abiding charm comes from its relative informality and spectacular forest settings. Part of the Chateau today is devoted to the Napoleon Museum. It was here that Napoleon abdicated the throne on 5 April 1814 and made his famous farewell speech to the soldiers of the Old Guard, who followed him in his military campaigns.
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Fontainebleau Chateau
- 1. First created 7 Apr 2015. Version 1.0 - 1 May 2015. Jerry Tse. London. Fontainebleau All rights reserved. Rights belong to their respective owners. Available free for non-commercial, Educational and personal use. Royal Palace of France
- 2. Fontainebleau is about 75km southeast of Paris or about 75 minutes by car or 40 to 50 minutes by train.
- 4. Only the square A built by St Louis remains today. The Renaissance palace was mostly built by Francis I and his son Henry II. Henry IV and Louis XIII constructed I, H and J. Louis XIV, Louis XV and Louis XVI constructed K, M and L. K was pull downed later by Louis XV. Napoleon I pulled down N. Evolution of the Palace
- 5. Palace Today
- 7. The Fontainebleau today is mainly constructed since 1500. The oldest structure today is built by St Louis.
- 8. The main façade of the building, at the main approaching courtyard. The Main Courtyard
- 9. The Oval Courtyard is the oldest part of the palace. It is the site where the old Medieval castle once stood. The Oval Courtyard
- 10. Saint Saturnin Chapel It is also known as the Upper Chapel.
- 11. Saint Saturnin Chapel The ceiling of the St Saturnin Chapel or Upper Chapel.
- 13. The Royal Elephant. Fresco by Rosso Fiorentio. Francis I Gallery. Francis I Gallery
- 14. Ballroom The Ballroom extensively restored during the reign of Louis-Phillippe.
- 15. Ballroom Decoration on the wall of the Ballroom.
- 16. The balcony inside the Ballroom.
- 18. Fountain Courtyard A statue in the Fountain Courtyard overlooking the Carp Pond..
- 19. King’s Staircase The original stuccowork and wall decoration of the Duchess’ bedroom still intact after the staircase was built.
- 20. King’s Staircase The ceiling of the staircase. Once it was the Duchess of Etampes’ bedroom.
- 21. A distinctive Horseshoe shaped staircase, making it one of the most distinctive features of the palace, built by Louis XIII.
- 22. St Louis Room The coffered ceiling of the Saint Louis room, which was also the King’s bedroom.
- 23. St Louis Room The King’s bedroom. Mable bas-relief of Henry IV on horse.
- 24. Louis XIII Salon The Louis Xiii Salon is where Louis XIII was born. Paintings by Ambroise Dubois..
- 25. The Baptistery Gate built by Henri IV. It was where Louis XIII was christened, hence the name of the gate.
- 26. Diana Gallery The Diana Gallery was rebuilt in Napoleon’s time.
- 27. The Stag’s gallery below the Diana Gallery. Stag’s Gallery
- 28. A line of busts and portraits of the Napoleon family line the Portrait Gallery. Portrait Gallery
- 29. The King of Rome’s room (Napoleon-Francois-Joseph-Charles). King of Rome’s Bedroom
- 30. Grand Duchess of Baden’s chamber The Grand Duchess Bedroom.
- 31. Anne of Austria’s bedroom. It is covered with tapestries form the Golilins Factory around 1860s. Anne of Austria’s Bedroom
- 32. Holy Trinity Chapel The royal worshiping area upstairs with Henry IV and Marie de Medici’s emblem above the door. The magnificently decorated Holy Trinity Chapel.
- 33. The ceiling of the chapel with the Last Judgement in the centre. Holy Trinity Chapel
- 34. The theatre was constructed between 1853 and 1855, decorated mostly in the Second Empire style. The Theatre
- 35. The Chinese museum and the stone lion, in the Fountain Courtyard outside the museum. Chinese Museum
- 36. Napoleon Throne Romm Napoleon I transformed this this into his throne room. Before this was the king’s bedroom.
- 38. Emperor’s Apartment Napoleon’ bedroom and his bed.
- 39. The Empress’ Bedroom The Empress’ bedroom of all female monarchs from the 16C.
- 40. The ceiling of the Empress’ Bedroom
- 41. Queen’s Apartment Queen Marie-Antoinette’s boudoir was a place for her to withdraw from the court.
- 42. The Garden and the Canal Diana Garden (left), English Garden (foreground), followed by Carp Pond, Grand Parterre and the Canal (top) .
- 43. Diana Garden Diana Garden now a public park leading to the town to the entrance to the palace.
- 44. Carp Pond The Carp Pond lined with trees and visits from waterfowls.
- 45. Carp Pond Pavilion The Pavilion in the Carp Pond is one of the most recognised sight of the palace garden.
- 46. Grand Parterre (Formal Garden) and the canal beyond. Grand Parterre Garden
- 47. Diana Garden The Carp Pond on the left, Grand Parterre in the middle, the Tiber Basin on the foreground and the Waterfall Pond (right).
- 48. Courtyard of Offices The north wing of the palace, the Courtyard of Offices overlooking the Grand Parterre.
- 49. All rights reserved. Rights belong to their respective owners. Available free for non-commercial and personal use. The End Music – Mozart’s Eine Kleine Nachtmuzik
- 50. On French architecture Check out the French Powerpoint series.
Editor's Notes
- The medieval castle in the site and later chateau was the residence of French monarchs from Louis VII through Napoleon III. It was the traditional residence of the French monarch. It also dated back a long way too, from its beginning of an abbey, to a hunting lodge then to a palace. Unlike Versailles, Fontainebleau is not a vision of one monarch. It is a bewildering of styles from Francois I, who modelled on Florentine and Roman styles. Throughout the visit you will be able to see the changes in French tastes and the changing architectural styles Fontainebleau abiding charm comes from its relative informality and spectacular forest settings. Part of the Chateau today is devoted to the Napoleon Museum. It was here that Napoleon abdicated the throne on 5 April 1814 and made his famous farewell speech to the soldiers of the Old Guard, who followed him in his military campaigns.
- The castle at Fontainebleau was first mentioned in 1137 in a charter signed by King VII. The Saturninus’ chapel was consecrated by St Thomas Becket in 1169. After Queen Isabella of Bavaria, the palace was abandoned for nearly a century, during the period of Black Death. Francois I first contented with rebuilding the former palace. The old square dungeon – the “big old tower” – was preserved and given a new roof and wider openings.
- Fontainebleau is renowned for the large and scenic forest of Fontainebleau, a favourite weekend getaway for Parisians, as well as for the historical Château de Fontainebleau, which once belonged to the kings of France.
- This hamlet was endowed with a royal hunting lodge and a chapel by Louis VII in the middle of the twelfth century. A century later, Louis IX, also called Saint Louis, who held Fontainebleau in high esteem and referred to it as "his wilderness", had a country house and a hospital constructed there. Philip the Fair was born there in 1268 and died there in 1314. In all, thirty-four sovereigns, from Louis VI, the Fat, (1081–1137) to Napoleon III (1808–1873), spent time at Fontainebleau.
- The Oval Courtyard, with the Medieval donjon (Keep) a vestige of the original castle where the King’s apartments were located, in the centre.
- The connection between the town of Fontainebleau and the French monarchy was reinforced with the transformation of the royal country house into a true royal palace, the Palace of Fontainebleau. This was accomplished by the great builder-king, Francis I (1494–1547), who, in the largest of his many construction projects, reconstructed, expanded, and transformed the royal château at Fontainebleau into a residence that became his favourite, as well as the residence of his mistress, Anne, duchess of Étampes.
- On 20 April 1814, Napoleon Bonaparte, shortly before his first abdication, bid farewell to the Old Guard, the renowned grognards (gripers) who had served with him since his very first campaigns, in the "White Horse Courtyard" (la cour du Cheval Blanc) at the Palace of Fontainebleau. (The courtyard has since been renamed the "Courtyard of Goodbyes".) According to contemporary sources, the occasion was very moving. The 1814 Treaty of Fontainebleau stripped Napoleon of his powers (but not his title as Emperor of the French) and sent him into exile on Elba.
- The earliest record of a fortified castle at the location dated back to 1137.