The term “fog computing” or “edge computing” means that rather than hosting and working from a centralized cloud, fog systems operate on network ends. It is a term for placing some processes and resources at the edge of the cloud, instead of establishing channels for cloud storage and utilization.
Sustainability and fog computing applications, advantages and challengesAbdulMajidFarooqi
Designing a sustainable society is a key concern of the United Nations' 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. Sustainable fog computing is the most prominent solution for most problems occurring in cloud data centers, such as latency, security, carbon footprint, electricity consumption and so on. It is an extended design of cloud computing that supports horizontal computing paradigm providing cloud-like services at the edge of user premises. After emerging IoT fog computing has become the first choice of time sensitive applications due to its residing closer to the devices and sensors. In this paper we have introduced fog computing and differentiated it from cloud, furthermore, we have discussed how we can achieve sustainability through fog in several applications areas. Also, we have presented some existing challenges of fog paradigm. Moreover, we have reviewed some existing work about fog computing.
This presentation has been presented in the 3rd International Conference on Computing and Communication Technologies (ICCCT’19), Chennai, India
For the full paper please visit: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8824983
The Internet of Things arrived last decade when the number of devices (that can connect) outnumbered the world population. We have now entered a new age. The evolution from #virtualization to #cloud to #IoT and #BigData a consequence of the Moore Nielsen prediction and the rise of Fog Computing. The role of #OpenSource and #OpenStandards and the importance of the new trend: Open Data as the only way to keep sanity in Big Data. This is my presentation at the IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering in Boston on Pi Day 2014
ABSTRACT
Cloud computing promises to significantly change the way we use computers and access and store our personal and business information. With these new computing and communications paradigms arise new data security challenges. Existing data protection mechanisms such as encryption have failed in preventing data theft attacks, especially those perpetrated by an insider to the cloud provider. For securing user data from such attacks a new paradigm called fog computing can be used. Fog Computing is a paradigm that extends Cloud computing and services to the edge of the network. Similar to Cloud, Fog provides data, compute, storage, and application services to end-users. The motivation of Fog computing lies in a series of real scenarios, such as Smart Grid, smart traffic lights in vehicular networks and software defined network .This technique can monitor the user activity to identify the legitimacy and prevent from any unauthorized user access. Here we have discussed this paradigm for preventing misuse of user data and securing information.
The term “fog computing” or “edge computing” means that rather than hosting and working from a centralized cloud, fog systems operate on network ends. It is a term for placing some processes and resources at the edge of the cloud, instead of establishing channels for cloud storage and utilization.
Sustainability and fog computing applications, advantages and challengesAbdulMajidFarooqi
Designing a sustainable society is a key concern of the United Nations' 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. Sustainable fog computing is the most prominent solution for most problems occurring in cloud data centers, such as latency, security, carbon footprint, electricity consumption and so on. It is an extended design of cloud computing that supports horizontal computing paradigm providing cloud-like services at the edge of user premises. After emerging IoT fog computing has become the first choice of time sensitive applications due to its residing closer to the devices and sensors. In this paper we have introduced fog computing and differentiated it from cloud, furthermore, we have discussed how we can achieve sustainability through fog in several applications areas. Also, we have presented some existing challenges of fog paradigm. Moreover, we have reviewed some existing work about fog computing.
This presentation has been presented in the 3rd International Conference on Computing and Communication Technologies (ICCCT’19), Chennai, India
For the full paper please visit: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8824983
The Internet of Things arrived last decade when the number of devices (that can connect) outnumbered the world population. We have now entered a new age. The evolution from #virtualization to #cloud to #IoT and #BigData a consequence of the Moore Nielsen prediction and the rise of Fog Computing. The role of #OpenSource and #OpenStandards and the importance of the new trend: Open Data as the only way to keep sanity in Big Data. This is my presentation at the IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering in Boston on Pi Day 2014
ABSTRACT
Cloud computing promises to significantly change the way we use computers and access and store our personal and business information. With these new computing and communications paradigms arise new data security challenges. Existing data protection mechanisms such as encryption have failed in preventing data theft attacks, especially those perpetrated by an insider to the cloud provider. For securing user data from such attacks a new paradigm called fog computing can be used. Fog Computing is a paradigm that extends Cloud computing and services to the edge of the network. Similar to Cloud, Fog provides data, compute, storage, and application services to end-users. The motivation of Fog computing lies in a series of real scenarios, such as Smart Grid, smart traffic lights in vehicular networks and software defined network .This technique can monitor the user activity to identify the legitimacy and prevent from any unauthorized user access. Here we have discussed this paradigm for preventing misuse of user data and securing information.
Fog computing is a model in which data, processing and applications are concentrated in devices at the network edge rather than existing almost entirely in the cloud.
Fog Computing is a paradigm that extends Cloud Computing and services to the edge of the network, similar to Cloud, Fog provides data, compute, storage, and application services to end-users.
A Study on Cloud and Fog Computing Security Issues and SolutionsAM Publications
Cloud computing is the significant part of the data world. The security level in cloud is undefined. Fog computing is the new buzz word added to the technical world. And the term Fog was coined by CISCO. The need for Fog computing is security and gets the data more closely to the end-user. Fog Computing is not going to replace the Cloud computing, it will be acting as the intermediate layer for securing the data which is stored inside the cloud. The principal idea of this paper is to provide data safety measures to the Cloud storage through Fog Computing. Fog Computing will be playing the vital role for the future technology. The Internet of Things (IoT) will be using the Fog computing to implement the smart World concept. So, in the future we have to handle huge amount of data and we need to provide the security for the Data. This study gives the security solutions available for the different issues.
This presentation include some of limitations of cloud computing that motivate cisco to come up with new fog computing .Fog is nothing but cloud or we can say it is an extension of the cloud.
Drones and Fog Computing - New Frontiers of IoT and Digital Transformation -...Biren Gandhi
Technology is considered one of the biggest drivers of Digital Transformation and Digital Disruption. Out of many frontiers of recent technological advancements, this talk focused on IoT, Drones and Fog Computing as key innovation accelerators for Digital Strategy.
An increasing number of Consumer and Internet Internet of Things applications require some form of edge computing characterised by low latency, peer-to-peer communication, and mobility. Fog computing has recently emerged as the paradigm to address the needs of edge computing in IoT applications. Fog computing complements Cloud computing to allow the design and implementation of IoT systems that scale better, are more reactive and in which local communication and decision is enabled whenever possible.
This presentation introduces the key concepts behind Fog Computing, compare and contrast it with Cloud Computing and explain how the VORTEX platform enables Fog computing architectures.
In this presentation, Naveen introduces fog computing and how it can enable the functioning of IoT devices. Naveen's interest area lies in improving network security in IoT devices.
Internet of Things (IoT) represents a remarkable transformation of the way in which our world will soon interact. Much like the World Wide Web connected computers to networks, and the next evolution connected people to the Internet and other people, IoT looks poised to interconnect devices, people, environments, virtual objects and machines in ways that only science fiction writers could have imagined.
Fog Computing is a paradigm that extends Cloud computing and services to the edge of the network. Similar to Cloud, Fog provides data, compute, storage, and application services to end-users. The motivation of Fog computing lies in a series of real scenarios, such as Smart Grid, smart traffic lights in vehicular networks and software defined networks.
ABSTRACT
Cloud computing promises to significantly change the way we use computers and access and store our personal and business information. With these new computing and communications paradigms arise new data security challenges. Existing data protection mechanisms such as encryption have failed in preventing data theft attacks, especially those perpetrated by an insider to the cloud provider.
For securing user data from such attacks a new paradigm called fog computing can be used. Fog Computing is a paradigm that extends Cloud computing and services to the edge of the network. Similar to Cloud, Fog provides data, compute, storage, and application services to end-users. The motivation of Fog computing lies in a series of real scenarios, such as Smart Grid, smart traffic lights in vehicular networks and software defined network This technique can monitor the user activity to identify the legitimacy and prevent from any unauthorized user access. Here we have discussed this paradigm for preventing misuse of user data and securing information.
CONCLUSION
This proposal of monitoring data access patterns by profiling user behavior to determine if and when a malicious insider illegitimately accesses someone’s documents in a Cloud service. Decoy documents stored in the Cloud alongside the user’s real data also serve as sensors to detect illegitimate access. Once unauthorized data access or exposure is suspected, and later verified, with challenge questions for instance, this inundate the malicious insider with bogus information in order to dilute the user’s real data. Such preventive attacks that rely on disinformation technology could provide unprecedented levels of security in the Cloud and in social networks.
Fog Computing Reality Check: Real World Applications and ArchitecturesBiren Gandhi
Is Fog Computing just a buzz or a real business?
The IoT is flooded with a variety of platforms and solutions. Fog Computing has been notably appearing as an evolving term in the context of IoT software. There is skepticism that Fog Computing is just another buzzword destined to disappear in the dust of time. Get insight from concrete business cases in a variety of IoT verticals – Agriculture, Industrial Manufacturing, Transportation, Smart & Connected Communities etc. and learn how Fog Computing can play a substantial role in each one of these verticals. Develop a judicious point of view with respect to the future of Fog Computing through market research, technology disruption vectors and ROI use cases presented in this session.
Fog computing is a model in which data, processing and applications are concentrated in devices at the network edge rather than existing almost entirely in the cloud.
Fog Computing is a paradigm that extends Cloud Computing and services to the edge of the network, similar to Cloud, Fog provides data, compute, storage, and application services to end-users.
A Study on Cloud and Fog Computing Security Issues and SolutionsAM Publications
Cloud computing is the significant part of the data world. The security level in cloud is undefined. Fog computing is the new buzz word added to the technical world. And the term Fog was coined by CISCO. The need for Fog computing is security and gets the data more closely to the end-user. Fog Computing is not going to replace the Cloud computing, it will be acting as the intermediate layer for securing the data which is stored inside the cloud. The principal idea of this paper is to provide data safety measures to the Cloud storage through Fog Computing. Fog Computing will be playing the vital role for the future technology. The Internet of Things (IoT) will be using the Fog computing to implement the smart World concept. So, in the future we have to handle huge amount of data and we need to provide the security for the Data. This study gives the security solutions available for the different issues.
This presentation include some of limitations of cloud computing that motivate cisco to come up with new fog computing .Fog is nothing but cloud or we can say it is an extension of the cloud.
Drones and Fog Computing - New Frontiers of IoT and Digital Transformation -...Biren Gandhi
Technology is considered one of the biggest drivers of Digital Transformation and Digital Disruption. Out of many frontiers of recent technological advancements, this talk focused on IoT, Drones and Fog Computing as key innovation accelerators for Digital Strategy.
An increasing number of Consumer and Internet Internet of Things applications require some form of edge computing characterised by low latency, peer-to-peer communication, and mobility. Fog computing has recently emerged as the paradigm to address the needs of edge computing in IoT applications. Fog computing complements Cloud computing to allow the design and implementation of IoT systems that scale better, are more reactive and in which local communication and decision is enabled whenever possible.
This presentation introduces the key concepts behind Fog Computing, compare and contrast it with Cloud Computing and explain how the VORTEX platform enables Fog computing architectures.
In this presentation, Naveen introduces fog computing and how it can enable the functioning of IoT devices. Naveen's interest area lies in improving network security in IoT devices.
Internet of Things (IoT) represents a remarkable transformation of the way in which our world will soon interact. Much like the World Wide Web connected computers to networks, and the next evolution connected people to the Internet and other people, IoT looks poised to interconnect devices, people, environments, virtual objects and machines in ways that only science fiction writers could have imagined.
Fog Computing is a paradigm that extends Cloud computing and services to the edge of the network. Similar to Cloud, Fog provides data, compute, storage, and application services to end-users. The motivation of Fog computing lies in a series of real scenarios, such as Smart Grid, smart traffic lights in vehicular networks and software defined networks.
ABSTRACT
Cloud computing promises to significantly change the way we use computers and access and store our personal and business information. With these new computing and communications paradigms arise new data security challenges. Existing data protection mechanisms such as encryption have failed in preventing data theft attacks, especially those perpetrated by an insider to the cloud provider.
For securing user data from such attacks a new paradigm called fog computing can be used. Fog Computing is a paradigm that extends Cloud computing and services to the edge of the network. Similar to Cloud, Fog provides data, compute, storage, and application services to end-users. The motivation of Fog computing lies in a series of real scenarios, such as Smart Grid, smart traffic lights in vehicular networks and software defined network This technique can monitor the user activity to identify the legitimacy and prevent from any unauthorized user access. Here we have discussed this paradigm for preventing misuse of user data and securing information.
CONCLUSION
This proposal of monitoring data access patterns by profiling user behavior to determine if and when a malicious insider illegitimately accesses someone’s documents in a Cloud service. Decoy documents stored in the Cloud alongside the user’s real data also serve as sensors to detect illegitimate access. Once unauthorized data access or exposure is suspected, and later verified, with challenge questions for instance, this inundate the malicious insider with bogus information in order to dilute the user’s real data. Such preventive attacks that rely on disinformation technology could provide unprecedented levels of security in the Cloud and in social networks.
Fog Computing Reality Check: Real World Applications and ArchitecturesBiren Gandhi
Is Fog Computing just a buzz or a real business?
The IoT is flooded with a variety of platforms and solutions. Fog Computing has been notably appearing as an evolving term in the context of IoT software. There is skepticism that Fog Computing is just another buzzword destined to disappear in the dust of time. Get insight from concrete business cases in a variety of IoT verticals – Agriculture, Industrial Manufacturing, Transportation, Smart & Connected Communities etc. and learn how Fog Computing can play a substantial role in each one of these verticals. Develop a judicious point of view with respect to the future of Fog Computing through market research, technology disruption vectors and ROI use cases presented in this session.
The Future of Fog Computing and IoT: Revolutionizing Data ProcessingFredReynolds2
Sending a business e-mail, watching a YouTube video, making an online video call meeting, or playing a video game online requires considerable data flow. It necessitates such massive data flow in the direction of servers in data centers. Cloud computing prefers remote data processing and substantial storage systems to develop online apps we use daily. But we must know that other decentralized cloud computing systems exist. Fog computing technology is growing wildly in popularity. As per fog technology experts, the global fog technology market will reach nearly $2.3 billion at the end of 2032. The market for fog technology was $196.7 million at the end of 2022.
Fog computing is defined as a decentralized infrastructure that places storage and processing components at the edge of the cloud, where data sources such as application users and sensors exist.It is an architecture that uses edge devices to carry out a substantial amount of computation (edge computing), storage, and communication locally and routed over the Internet backbone.To achieve real-time automation, data capture and analysis has to be done in real-time without having to deal with the high latency and low bandwidth issues that occur during the processing of network data In 2012, Cisco introduced the term fog computing for dispersed cloud infrastructures.. In 2015, Cisco partnered with Microsoft, Dell, Intel, Arm and Princeton University to form the OpenFog Consortium.The consortium's primary goals were to both promote and standardize fog computing. These concepts brought computing resources closer to data sources.Fog computing also differentiates between relevant and irrelevant data. While relevant data is sent to the cloud for storage, irrelevant data is either deleted or transmitted to the appropriate local platform. As such, edge computing and fog computing work in unison to minimize latency and maximize the efficiency associated with cloud-enabled enterprise systemsFog computing consists of various componets such as fog nodes.Fog nodes are independent devices that pick up the generated information. Fog nodes fall under three categories: fog devices, fog servers, and gateways. These devices store necessary data while fog servers also compute this data to decide the course of action. Fog devices are usually linked to fog servers. Fog gateways redirect the information between the various fog devices and servers. With Fog computing, local data storage and scrutiny of time-sensitive data become easier. With this the amount and the distance of passing data to the cloud is reduced, therefore reducing the security challenges.Fog computing enables data processing based on application demands, available networking and computing resources. This reduces the amount of data required to be transferred to the cloud, ultimately saving network bandwidth.Fog computing can run independently and ensure uninterrupted services even with fluctuating network connectivity to the cloud. It performs all time-sensitive actions close to end users which meets latency constraints of IoT applications.
IoT applications where data is generated in terabytes or more, where a quick and large amount of data processing is required and sending data to the cloud back and forth is not feasible, are good candidates for fog computing. Fog computing provides real-time processing and event responses which are critical in healthcare. Besides, it also addresses issues regarding network connectivity and traffic required for remote storage, processing and medical record retrieval from the cloud.
All the details of Fog Computing is discussed in this PPT, its better to get knowledge about this ppt,All the details of applications and examples are covered..
The proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) and the success of rich cloud services have pushed the horizon of a new computing paradigm, edge computing, which calls for processing the data at the edge of the network. Edge computing has the potential to address the concerns of response time requirement, battery life constraint, bandwidth cost saving, as well as data safety and privacy. In this paper, we introduce the definition of edge computing, followed by several case studies, ranging from cloud offloading to smart home and city, as well as collaborative edge to materialize the concept of edge computing. Finally, we present several challenges and opportunities in the field of edge computing, and hope this paper will gain attention from the community and inspire more research in this direction.
Edge computing refers to the enabling technologies allowing computation to be performed at the edge of the network, on downstream data on behalf of cloud services and upstream data on behalf of IoT services. Here we define “edge” as any computing and network resources along the path between data sources and cloud data centers. For example, a smart phone is the edge between body things and cloud, a gateway in a smart home is the edge between home things and cloud, a micro data center and a cloudlet is the edge between a mobile device and cloud. The rationale of edge computing is that computing should happen at the proximity of data sources. From our point of view, edge computing is interchangeable with fog computing, but edge computing focus more toward the things side, while fog computing focus more on the infrastructure side. Edge computing could have as big an impact on our society as has the cloud computing.
A Comprehensive Exploration of Fog Computing.pdfEnterprise Wired
This article delves into the intricacies of Fog computing, exploring its definition, key components, benefits, and its transformative impact on various industries.
Security and Privacy Issues of Fog Computing: A SurveyHarshitParkar6677
Abstract. Fog computing is a promising computing paradigm that ex-
tends cloud computing to the edge of networks. Similar to cloud comput-
ing but with distinct characteristics, fog computing faces new security
and privacy challenges besides those inherited from cloud computing. In
this paper, we have surveyed these challenges and corresponding solu-
tions in a brief manner.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
In the Field of Internet of Things IOT the devices by themselves can recognize the environment and conduct a certain functions by itself. IOT Devices majorly consist with sensors. Cloud Computing which is based in sensor networks manages huge amount of data which includes transferring and processing which takes delayed in service response time. As the growth of sensor network is increased, the demand to control and process the data on IOT devices is also increasing. Vikas Vashisth | Harshit Gupta | Dr. Deepak Chahal "Fog Computing: An Empirical Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30675.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/realtime-computing/30675/fog-computing-an-empirical-study/vikas-vashisth
Fog Computing: Issues, Challenges and Future Directions IJECEIAES
In Cloud Computing, all the processing of the data collected by the node is done in the central server. This involves a lot of time as data has to be transferred from the node to central server before the processing of data can be done in the server. Also it is not practical to stream terabytes of data from the node to the cloud and back. To overcome these disadvantages, an extension of cloud computing, known as fog computing, is introduced. In this, the processing of data is done completely in the node if the data does not require higher computing power and is done partially if the data requires high computing power, after which the data is transferred to the central server for the remaining computations. This greatly reduces the time involved in the process and is more efficient as the central server is not overloaded. Fog is quite useful in geographically dispersed areas where connectivity can be irregular. The ideal use case requires intelligence near the edge where ultralow latency is critical, and is promised by fog computing. The concepts of cloud computing and fog computing will be explored and their features will be contrasted to understand which is more efficient and better suited for realtime application.
Fog Computing is a paradigm that extends Cloud computing and services to the edge of the network. Similar to Cloud, Fog provides data, compute, storage, and application services to end-users. The motivation of Fog computing lies in a series of real scenarios, such as Smart Grid, smart traffic lights in vehicular networks and software defined networks,
Fog computing is a term created by Cisco that refers to extending cloud computing to the edge of an enterprise's network.
Cisco introduced its fog computing vision in January 2014 as a way of bringing cloud computing capabilities to the edge of the network .
As the result, closer to the rapidly growing number of connected devices and applications that consume cloud services and generate increasingly massive amounts of data.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
2. Contents:
1.Introduction
2.What is fog computing?
3.What is need for fog computing?
4.How Does It Works?
5.Limitations Of cloud.
6.Limitations Over come in Fog.
5.Cloud v/s fog.
6.Applications.
7.SECURITY ISSUES.
8.PRIVATE ISSUES.
9.Benfits Of Fog.
10.Conclusion
3. Fog computing is a term created by Cisco that
refers to extending cloud computing to the edge
of an enterprise's network.
It is also known as Edge Computing or fogging,
fog computing.
*
4. Cisco introduced its fog computing vision in
“January 2014” as a way of bringing cloud
computing capabilities to the edge of the network
and as a result, closer to the rapidly growing
number of connected devices and applications that
consume cloud services and generate increasingly
massive amounts of data.
By handling these services that make up the
Internet of Things (IoT) at the network edge, data
can in many cases be processed more efficiently
than if it needed to be sent to the cloud for
processing.
*
5. Fog Computing extends the cloud computing paradigm
to the edge of the network. While fog and cloud use the
same resources (networking, compute, and storage) and
share many of the same mechanisms and attributes
(virtualization, multi-tenancy) the extension is a non-
trivial one in that there exist some fundamental
differences stemming from the reason fog computing
was developed: to address applications and services that
do not fit the paradigm of the cloud.
*
7. cloud computing has so many advantages, it
also suffers from certain shortcomings too.
High capacity(bandwidth).
Client access link.
High latency.
Security.
*
8. Reduction in data movement across the
network resulting in reduced congestion.
Elimination of bottlenecks resulting from
centralized computing systems.
Improved security of encrypted data as it stays
closer to the end user.
*
9. *
Requirement Cloud computing Fog computing
Latency high low
Delay jitter High Very low
Location of server
nodes
With in internet At the edge of
local n/w
Distance between t
he client and serve
r
Multiple hops One hop
Security Undefined Can be defined
Attack on data enr
outer
High probability Very Less
probability
Location awarenes
s
No Yes
10.
11.
12. Health care: The cloud computing market for healthcare
is expected to reach $5.4 billion by 2017, and fog computing would
allow this on a more localized level.
*
16. The main security issues are authentication at
different levels of gateways as well as (in case of
smart grids) at the smart meters installed in the
consumer’s home. Each smart meter and smart
appliance has an IP address. A malicious user
can either tamper with its own smart meter, report
false readings, or spoof IP addresses.
*
17. In smart grids, privacy issues deal with hiding details,
such as what appliance was used at what time,
while allowing correct summary information for
accurate charging.
*
18. Extending the cloud closer to the things that generate and
act on data benefits the business in the following ways:
● Better security: Protect your fog nodes using the same
policy, controls, and procedures you use in other
parts of your IT environment. Use the same physical
security and cybersecurity solutions.
● Deeper insights, with privacy control: Analyze sensitive
data locally instead of sending it to the cloud for
analysis. Your IT team can monitor and control the devices
that collect, analyze, and store data.
● Lower operating expense: Conserve network bandwidth
by processing selected data locally instead of
sending it to the cloud for analysis.
*
19. Fog computing will grow in helping the emerging network
paradigms faster processing with less delay and delay jitter
,cloud computing would serve the business community
meeting their high end computing demands lowering the
cost based on a utility pricing model.
*