The document discusses how the growth of IoT devices and data is creating challenges around scaling, security, storage, and analytics. It predicts that there will be trillions of connected devices generating zettabytes of data by 2020. This massive amount of data will be costly and inefficient to store and process in the cloud alone. The document proposes that a "fog computing" model, which processes data at the edge using gateways and local device intelligence, will be needed to efficiently handle the scale of IoT data. Cooperation between organizations on standards, APIs, and education will be important to support fog computing architectures for IoT.

2. Getting out of the Haze:
Hybrid Cloud Computing Becomes Foggy
Syed Zaeem Hosain (“Z”)
Aeris Communications

3. About Aeris
• Our Company
– M2M Pioneer > 18 years
– HQ in Silicon Valley
– Services since mid-1990’s
• Our Solution
– M2M / IoT Platform
– Complete M2M Stack
– Connectivity to Application Enablement
• The Numbers
– 99.995% infrastructure reliability
– Operation in 190 countries
– 250+ Million M2M messages / day

4. The Internet of Things
Sensors &
Devices &
“Things”
Connectivity &
Transport &
Protocols
Systems &
Processes &
People
Bidirectional Information Flow … Messaging and Control

5. What is Happening in IoT
• Explosion of new IoT applications
– Connected using Cloud solutions
– Demand for efficient access to data
• Information has value …
– Data mashups have greater value
• Thinking: gather as much data as possible

6. Bringing New Challenges
• Scaling for explosive growth
• Security for content & transmissions
• Storage & efficient analysis of data
• Multiple transport technologies
• Connectivity management

7. Predictions are Staggering
• 2010, IBM (describing their Rational software design)
– “A World with 1 Trillion Connected Devices” … by 2015
• 2011, Ericsson CEO Hans Vestberg
– “50 Billion Connected Devices” … by 2020
• 2013, ABI Research report
– “30 Billion” … by 2020
• 2013, Morgan Stanley report
– “75 Billion Devices Connected to the IoT” … by 2020
• 2014, Intel infographic
– “31 billion devices connected to the Internet” … by 2020
• 2014, ABI Research updated report
– “41 billion active wireless connected devices” … by 2020 Source: Intel

8. “Big Data” Says
• “We don’t know what we want to look at, so …
transmitting, storing & searching haystacks is fine”
• But!
– Finding timely, actionable data could be expensive
– Cost of metered transport, storage, analytics, etc.
 Distributed processing of information is vital

9. Impact of One Prediction
• Cellular M2M Devices send on average: 2 MBytes / month
• USA: 15M cellular devices (8% of all M2M): 30 TBytes / Month
Total cellular M2M data use is increasing
• Number of cellular M2M devices (at 5%): 2.5 Billion
• Data (assuming 4MB / month): 10,000,000 TBytes / month
With 50 Billion Devices by 2020
• Transmissions and total data haystacks are enormous
• Demands “processing at the edge” … at device  Fog Computing
Even with conservative estimates

10. One Idea … Gateways
• Hierarchically connecting Sensors & Devices
– Aggregating hybrid sources of data
– WAN transport over Cellular, Wireline, & Other
• Gateways must be programmable … filters change
– Agent software in gateways (and devices?)
– Good spot in chain for security best practices

11. Final Thoughts
• Cooperation
– … Intl M2M Council … Industrial Internet Consortium …
• Standards
– … ETSI … TIA … OneM2M …
• API’s to connect Things
– … AllSeen Alliance … Open Internet Consortium …
• Education
– … M2M Evolution … IoT World Forum …

12. Thank you!
• Syed Zaeem Hosain (“Z”)
– E-mail: Syed.Hosain@aeris.net
– Twitter: @AerisCTO
• Information:
– Website: www.aeris.com
– Blog: www.aeris.com/blog