Fog computing extends cloud services to the network edge, enabling data processing and application services closer to end users, which addresses the limitations of traditional cloud computing, such as high latency and security concerns. It is particularly beneficial for applications in the Internet of Things (IoT), including connected vehicles, smart grids, smart buildings, and healthcare, as it facilitates real-time interactions and improved data management. The architecture of fog computing includes heterogeneous resources and a service orchestration layer, making it an effective solution for modern technology needs.

1. Fog Computing
Presented by
Valarmathi.S

2. AGENDAIntroduction
Abstract
Introduction
Characteristics of Fog Computing
Cloud VS Fog
Attributes of Quality Information
Brain Computer Interface
Fog Applications
Conclusion
Security of Information Systems
Fog Architecture
References

3. Abstract
 Extends cloud computing services to the edge
of the network.
 Similar to cloud, Fog provides:
 Data
 Computation
 Storage
 Application Services to end users.
 Motivations for Fog Computing:
Smart Grid, Smart Traffic Lights in vehicular
networks and Software Defined Networks.

4. Introduction
 Fog computing or Edge computing is
model in which data, processing and
applications are in devices at network
edge rather than existing almost entirely
in the cloud.
 The "Fog Computing“ - introduced by
Cisco Systems to ease wireless data
transfer to distributed devices in the IOT
network paradigm.
 Here, devices communicate peer-to-peer
to efficiently share/store data.

5. a. Working of Fog Computing

6. What is the need for Fog Computing?
 Fog computing was developed to address
applications and services that do not fit the
paradigm of the cloud.
 Fog Computing keeps data right where the
Internet of Things needs it.
 Existing data protection mechanisms in Cloud
Computing such as encryption failed in
securing the data from the attackers.
 Limitations of cloud (high latency, security
shortcomings, bandwidth, etc.)

7. b. Cloud Architecture before the advent of Fog
Technology

8. c. Cloud Architecture after the advent of Fog Technology

9. Characteristics of Fog Computing
 Edge location, location awareness and
low latency.
 Geographical Distribution : Services are
widely distributed.
 Real time interactions
 Heterogeneity : Fog nodes can be deployed
in wide variety of environments.
 Interoperability : Fog components must be
able to interoperate in order to give wide
range of services like streaming.

10. Cloud VS Fog
Fog – Solution to Cloud’s Limitations
 Reduction in data movement across the network resulting in reduced congestion.
 Elimination of bottlenecks resulting from centralized computing systems.
 Improved security of encrypted data as it stays closer to the end user.

11. Cloud
Fog
VS

12. Architecture of Fog Technology
The design of fog architecture or the key components of fog architecture are
discussed below:
Heterogeneous Physical Resources
Fog Abstraction Layer
Fog Service Orchestration Layer
 Foglet Software Agent
 Distributed Database
 Policy-Based Service Orchestration

13. d. Components in Fog Architecture

14. Applications of Fog
 Tech giants Cisco and IBM are the driving forces behind fog computing, and link
their concept to the emerging Internet of Things (IoT).
 Fog has a direct correlation with IoT.
 According to CISCO, the important areas where fog would play a vital role are
the following :
 Connected Cars
 Smart Grids
 Decentralized Smart Building Control
 Smart Cities
 Health Care

15. Connected Cars
 Fog computing is ideal for Connected Vehicles
(CV) because real-time interactions will make
communications between cars, access points
and traffic lights as safe and efficient as possible.
 At some point in time, the connected car will
start saving lives by reducing automobile
accidents.
 Fog computing will be the best option for all
internet connected vehicles because fog
computing gives real time interaction.
Connected cars

16. Smart Grids
 Fog computing allows fast, machine-to-machine (M2M)
handshakes and human to machine interactions (HMI),
which would work in cooperation with the cloud.
 Based on demand for energy, its obtain ability and low
cost, these smart devices can switch to other energies like
solar and winds. The edge process data collected by fog
collectors and generate control command to the
actuators.
 The filtered data are consumed locally and the balance
to the higher tiers for visualization, real-time reports and
transactional analytics. Fog supports semi-permanent
storage at the highest tier and momentary storage at the
lowest tier.

17. Decentralized Smart Building Control
 Wireless sensors are installed to measure
temperature, humidity, or levels of various gaseous
components in the building atmosphere.
 Information can be exchanged among all sensors in
the floor and the reading can be combined to form
reliable measurements.
 Using distributed decision making the fog devices
react to data.
 The system gears up to work together to lower the
temperature, input fresh air and output moisture
from the air or increase humidity.

18. Smart Cities and Health care

 Fog computing would be able to obtain sensor
data on all levels, and integrate all the mutually
independent network entities within.
 The cloud computing market for healthcare is
expected to reach $5.4 billion by 2017,
according to a Markets and Markets report, and
fog computing would allow this on a more
localized level.
Smart Cities

19. Conclusion
 The characteristics of fog computing like mobility,
proximity to end-users, low latency, location
awareness, heterogeneity and due to its real-time
applications fog computing platform is considered as
the appropriate platform for Internet of Things.
 By using the concepts of fog computing, the same
device can be used for these kind of processing, data
generated can be put to immediate use and deliver a
much better user experience.
“Thus
demarcation
between the
abler and
the disabled
vanishes”.