This document describes a student project to design and fabricate a fly-by-wire system for flight control using an ATmega8 microcontroller and three servo motors. The system takes input from pilot controls like the steering column and foot pedals and sends electronic signals to actuators controlling the flight surfaces. The students' prototype controls the yaw, pitch, and roll of a model aircraft using push switches and servo motors attached to wooden wings to simulate flight control surfaces like elevators and rudders. Simulation and testing confirmed the system could control the servos to rotate between -30 and +30 degrees based on input signals.

1. T.E. MINI PROJECT
Design and Fabrication of Fly-by-Wire
System for Flight Control
JUBIN GOEL (T8023065)
ANKIT KARMAKAR (T8023069)
YOGESH SONULE (T8023155)
Internal Guide – Prof. Alwin Anuse

2. Wire
By
Fly
FLIGHT
USING ELECTRONIC
CONTROL

3. HOW DOES IT WORK
 Input from various Pilot Controls:
 Steer Column
 Foot Pedals
 Throttle Control
is taken in the form of analog inputs, converted
to electronic signals which is sent via the Flight
Computer to the actuators controlling the Flight
Surfaces.

4. CURRENT TRENDS
Almost all Military and Civil Aircraft are now using
this technology.
State-of-the-Art military aircraft like the F-22 Raptor
of the USAF and milestone civilian aircraft like the
A380 from Airbus rely on highly advanced FBW
systems.
Power-By Wire
Fly-By Optics

5. SCOPE
Fly-By Wireless
FBW systems are under test for incorporation with
REMOTE FLIGHT ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS in case of
emergencies.
More sophisticated and ‘SMARTER’ Flight Computers
for increased performance and safety.

6. The 3 Critical Flight Parameters that we
need to control
YAW MOVEMENT
PITCH MOVEMENT
ROLL MOVEMENT

7. How do we do it?
We have attached 3 servo-motors with three wooden
‘wings’.
By sending precise ON-OFF Pulse trains to the servo,
we plan to move the Elevators and the Rudder of the
model, to and fro of the stable position.
The magnitude and direction of these movements will
be determined by the use of 6 Push-switches.

8. BLOCK DIAGRAM
UP
DOWN
RIGHT
LEFT
BANKING
LEFT
RIGHT
BANKING
A
T
M
E
G
A
8
M1 => Left Wing Flap M2=> Right Wing Flap M3 => Tail-plane
Motor Motor Motor
M1
M2
M3

9. SYSTEM ALGORITHM
START
INITIALIZE I/P & O/P OF µC
INITIALIZE ALL SERVOS TO THEIR INITIAL
POSITIONS
SCAN ALL JOYSTICK KEYS
GET KEYCODE OF RESP. KEY PRESSED
ROTATE SERVOS TO DESIRED POSITIONS
&
HOLD UNTILL KEY IS RELEASED

10. COMPONENT SELECTION CRITERIA
 µController: ATMEGA8
1. 3 PWM control required
2. Compactness of circuit
3. Resources available – availability of hardware and
software needed for programming and construction of
ckt.
4. 6 Analog Inputs
5. Cost-effective

11. Actuator: SERVO MOTOR – FUTABA S3003
1. Positioning Control by rotation around an axis
2. Precise control over rotary movement
3. Reasonable power consumption
4. Lightweight
5. Sufficient Torque
6. Market availability
in case of Damage or needed replacement.
COMPONENT SELECTION CRITERIA

12. SIMULATION IN PROTEUS

13. SIMULATION WAVEFORMS

14. SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS
 Input Power Supply: DC 12V, 2A
µController: ATMEGA8
System Operating Frequency: 1MHz (Internal Clock)
Servo Ratings: 4.8V-6V, 500mA
Servo Motor Frequency: 414.66Hz
Joystick Input Voltage: 5V DC
Servo Motor Rotation Range: -30˚to +30˚ w.r.t. horizontal
level

15. RESULT DISCUSSION
Type of Aircraft Rotation Range
Commercial Airliners (-14˚ to 14˚)
Fighter Jets (-35˚ to 35˚)
Our Prototype (-30˚ to 30˚)

16. REFERENCES
Websites:
1. www.electronics-lab.com
2. www.et06.com/atmega_timers
3. www.avrfreaks.net
4. www.extremelectronics.co.in
Books:
The AVR Microcontrollers and Embedded Systems Using
Assembly And C
-By Muhammad Ali Mazidi
Sarmad Naimi
Sepher Naimi

17. THANK YOU…