This document discusses the design and development of quadcopters using mechatronics, a multidisciplinary branch of engineering that integrates mechanical, electronic, and electrical disciplines. It outlines the steps involved in developing drones, including basic principles, design using CAD software, component selection, assembly, and testing. Additionally, it highlights various applications of drones, such as search and rescue, inspections, and aerial photography, while also noting their advantages and disadvantages.

1. BASIC DESIGNING AND DEVELOPMENT
OF DRONES (QUADCOPTERS) THROUGH
MECHATRONICS
A MULTI-DISCIPLINARY APPROACH

2. INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS:
 MECHATRONICS:
The emerging multi-disciplinary branch of Engineering developed to
approach systematic advancements in design and production through
integration of Mechanical, Electronics and Electrical disciplines.
ORIGIN OF DEVOLOPMENT: In 1969 by senior engineer Tetsura Mori , worked in
Japanese company famous for building Mechanical equipment and he used to
produce Mechanical equipment with Electronics and introduced this technical term.
NEED FOR MECHATRONICS: ???
Ex: Robots, Automobiles, Quad cores, Aero-vehicles etc.,

3.  NATURE OF RELATION BETWEEN MECHANICAL AND ELECTRONICS:
 Innovations in respective disciplines
When problems raised in Mechanical systems, Solutions developed for resolving challenges
through electronics and accurate designing, material selection and advanced manufacturing of
Electronic devices made into with integration of Mechanical technology.
Among the Ongoing innovations through Mechatronics we are going to present about Drones(Quad
copters),aero-dynamic device.

4. QUADCOPTER DEVELOPMENT
SEQUENCE OF STEPS:
 Understanding the fundamental laws and working principles
 Designing
2D views, Creation of Samples through 3D printing
Digital and circuit design
 Processing:
Materials selection
systematic preference of components(sensors etc.,)
 Production:
Assembly of materials and electronic devices
 Performance:
Testing their function
Analysing their motion

5. FUNDAMENTAL LAWS AND WORKING PRINCIPLES
 The design of the flying drone consists of the quad rotor with four propelling wings.
Out of the four motors, the left and right induce pull action, while the front and back
induce push action.
 The brain of the robot is a microcontroller board that has been designed for auto-
piloting drones.
 The microcontroller is combined with an inertial measurement unit. This unit consists of
a 3 axis gyro, 3 axis accelerometer and a barometric pressure gauge.
 An RC transmitter is used to navigate the robot. Functionalities of the robot can be
enhanced further by fitting a GPS chip for gauging latitude and longitude and a
SONAR system for gauging the altitude.

6. DESIGNING
 To get the model of required dimensions with high precisions, interactive Computer
aided designing is preferred to manual.
 Select any CAD Software. For Ex: AUTOCAD, CATIA etc.,
 Let us make use of CATIA: Computer aided 3 dimensional interactive application.
 Draw the Front, top and side view of Required Product in Sketcher and develop it as 3D
model with part design and this is done as follows:

7. SAMPLE MANUFACTURING
THROUGH 3D PRINTING:
3D PRINTING:
 3D printing or additive manufacturing is a process of making three dimensional solid objects from a digital
file and 3D printed object is achieved using additive processes.
 Rapid prototyping: Prototyping is a cycle that producers or designing teams make models for end users to
test, evaluate, or debug, and get feedbacks then revise or redesign at the pre-production. Saves time & cost.
 CAD (Computer Aided Design) uses a 3D modeling program or 3D scanner for virtual design.
 The software slices the final model into hundreds or thousands of horizontal layers and the printer creates the
object layer by layer, resulting in one three dimensional object

8. CIRCUIT AND DIGITAL
ANALYSIS

9. PROCESSING-
MATERIALS SELECTION:
MECHANICAL
 Tyres
 Screws, Nuts, Bolts, Washers, Quick release
pins
 Handles, Knobs, Levers and Hand wheels
 Mechanical Control cables, glands,
Sealed cable passage
 Springs, Gaskets, Rotary and Shaft seals
ELECTRONIC
 Resistors, Capacitors, Diodes, Light-Emitting Diodes,
Transistors
 Integrated Circuits
 Logic board, Balance Board: Multi copter Motor
Controller, 30AMP Electronic service controller(ESC)
Motors, Mystery Brushless,
Transceiver: nRF24L01,Chassis, Propellers: APC 10
x 4.7 Power Distribution board, Battery: Lithium
polymer battery

10.  Resistors: A resistor is a component that resists the flow of current
 Capacitors: A capacitor is a device that can temporarily store an electric charge.
 Diodes: A diode is a device that lets current flow in only one direction. A diode has
two terminals, called the anode and the cathode.
 Light-Emitting Diodes: A light-emitting diode (or LED) is a special type of diode that
emits light when current passes through it.
 TRANSISTOR:A transistor is a three-terminal device in which a voltage applied to one
of the terminals (called the base) can control current that flows across the other two
terminals (called the collector and the emitter).
 INTEGRATED CIRCUIT: An integrated circuit is a special component that contains an
entire electronic circuit, complete with transistors, diodes, and other elements, all
photographically etched onto a tiny piece of silicon.

11.  LOGIC BOARD: BALANCED BOARD MOTOR CONTROLLER
 MOTORS TRANSCEIVER PROPELLERS
 POWER DISTRIBUTION BOARD BATTERY

12. ASSEMBLAGE OF MATERIALS AND
ELECTRONIC DEVICES
Arranging IC Circuit in between layers of Outer chassis and
connections are made through communication systems

13. FIXING FAILURES
TESING THEIR FUNCTION:
 At Higher Altitudes and Extreme conditions
 Sensitivity to Sudden jerks
 Under Poor Signals
ANALYSING MOTION:
 Position
 Target Approach
 Path of moments
 Angular velocity

14. APPLICATIONS
 SEARCH AND RESCUE
 INSPECTIONS
 SECURITY
 SURVEILLANCE
 SCIENCE & RESEARCH
 AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY
 UNMANNED CARGO SYSTEM
ADVANTAGES:
Saves Lives, Low Risk and Accuracy:
DISDVANTAGES:
Limited Abilities, Civilian Losses and Take Over
CONCLUSION:
Thus through MECHATRONICS, We can develop AUTOMATION and scope for
INNOVATION.