Lathe is one of the most important machine tools in the metal working industry. A lathe operates on the principle of a rotating work-piece and a fixed cutting tool.
Lathe machine also called “Engine Lathe” because the first type of lathe was driven by a steam engine
Lathe is one of the most important machine tools in the metal working industry. A lathe operates on the principle of a rotating work-piece and a fixed cutting tool.
Lathe machine also called “Engine Lathe” because the first type of lathe was driven by a steam engine
MACHINING OPERATIONS AND MACHINE TOOLS
Methods of Holding the Work in a Lathe (Chuck,Collet,face Plate,Holding the Work Between Centers)
Work Holding for Drill Presses
Boring Drilling, Reaming, Tapping Milling
Peripheral Milling vs. Face Milling
Shaper and Planer
Broaching
Centre lathe, constructional features, specification, operations – taper turning methods, thread
cutting methods, special attachments, machining time and power estimation. Capstan and turret
lathes- tool layout – automatic lathes: semi automatic – single spindle : Swiss type, automatic
screw type – multi spindle:
about shaper machine, planer machine, and milling machine.
how to use these machines.
and how to work these machines.
easy to learn about these machines.
This presentation is about how gears are manufactured.
A brief description about methods of gear manufacturing.
Scaling the methods from primitive ways of gear manufacturing to specialised meyhods like gear hobbing,rolling,by rack type shaper cutter and finally on milling machine.
After studying this unit, you should be able to understand
introduction and working principle of milling machine,
different type of milling operations,
different type of milling machine and their main parts,
specifications of milling machines,different cutting parameters as setting of a milling machine,
introduction of milling cutters,
different operations that can be performed on a milling machine
Title: Notes on Engineering Practice
Engineering practice encompasses a broad spectrum of activities, ranging from conceptualization and design to implementation and maintenance. These notes delve into various aspects of engineering practice, highlighting key principles, methodologies, and challenges faced by engineers in their professional endeavors.
1. **Design Process**:
- Engineering practice often begins with problem identification and requirement analysis. This stage involves understanding client needs, constraints, and project objectives.
- Following requirement analysis, engineers proceed to conceptualize solutions through brainstorming, research, and feasibility studies.
- The design phase involves translating conceptual ideas into detailed plans, employing tools such as CAD software, simulations, and prototypes to refine designs.
2. **Collaboration and Communication**:
- Effective communication is paramount in engineering practice, facilitating collaboration among multidisciplinary teams, clients, and stakeholders.
- Engineers must convey technical information clearly and concisely, utilizing visual aids, reports, and presentations to communicate complex concepts to diverse audiences.
3. **Ethical Considerations**:
- Engineering practice is guided by ethical principles that prioritize safety, sustainability, and social responsibility.
- Engineers must adhere to codes of conduct, regulations, and standards to ensure the integrity and quality of their work, considering the potential impacts on society and the environment.
4. **Project Management**:
- Project management skills are essential for overseeing engineering projects, including budgeting, scheduling, resource allocation, and risk management.
- Effective project management entails setting realistic goals, monitoring progress, and adapting to changing circumstances to ensure project success.
5. **Innovation and Continuous Learning**:
- Engineering practice thrives on innovation, fostering creativity and ingenuity to develop novel solutions to complex problems.
- Engineers must embrace lifelong learning, staying abreast of advancements in technology, techniques, and best practices to remain competitive in a rapidly evolving field.
6. **Quality Assurance and Testing**:
- Quality assurance processes are integral to engineering practice, ensuring that products and systems meet specified standards and requirements.
- Testing and validation procedures are conducted throughout the development lifecycle to identify and rectify defects, minimizing risks and optimizing performance.
7. **Sustainability and Environmental Impact**:
- Engineers play a crucial role in promoting sustainability by designing environmentally friendly solutions, minimizing resource consumption, and mitigating pollution and waste.
- Consideration of lifecycle assessments and eco-design principles is essential to minimize the environmental footprint of engineering pro
MACHINING OPERATIONS AND MACHINE TOOLS
Methods of Holding the Work in a Lathe (Chuck,Collet,face Plate,Holding the Work Between Centers)
Work Holding for Drill Presses
Boring Drilling, Reaming, Tapping Milling
Peripheral Milling vs. Face Milling
Shaper and Planer
Broaching
Centre lathe, constructional features, specification, operations – taper turning methods, thread
cutting methods, special attachments, machining time and power estimation. Capstan and turret
lathes- tool layout – automatic lathes: semi automatic – single spindle : Swiss type, automatic
screw type – multi spindle:
about shaper machine, planer machine, and milling machine.
how to use these machines.
and how to work these machines.
easy to learn about these machines.
This presentation is about how gears are manufactured.
A brief description about methods of gear manufacturing.
Scaling the methods from primitive ways of gear manufacturing to specialised meyhods like gear hobbing,rolling,by rack type shaper cutter and finally on milling machine.
After studying this unit, you should be able to understand
introduction and working principle of milling machine,
different type of milling operations,
different type of milling machine and their main parts,
specifications of milling machines,different cutting parameters as setting of a milling machine,
introduction of milling cutters,
different operations that can be performed on a milling machine
Title: Notes on Engineering Practice
Engineering practice encompasses a broad spectrum of activities, ranging from conceptualization and design to implementation and maintenance. These notes delve into various aspects of engineering practice, highlighting key principles, methodologies, and challenges faced by engineers in their professional endeavors.
1. **Design Process**:
- Engineering practice often begins with problem identification and requirement analysis. This stage involves understanding client needs, constraints, and project objectives.
- Following requirement analysis, engineers proceed to conceptualize solutions through brainstorming, research, and feasibility studies.
- The design phase involves translating conceptual ideas into detailed plans, employing tools such as CAD software, simulations, and prototypes to refine designs.
2. **Collaboration and Communication**:
- Effective communication is paramount in engineering practice, facilitating collaboration among multidisciplinary teams, clients, and stakeholders.
- Engineers must convey technical information clearly and concisely, utilizing visual aids, reports, and presentations to communicate complex concepts to diverse audiences.
3. **Ethical Considerations**:
- Engineering practice is guided by ethical principles that prioritize safety, sustainability, and social responsibility.
- Engineers must adhere to codes of conduct, regulations, and standards to ensure the integrity and quality of their work, considering the potential impacts on society and the environment.
4. **Project Management**:
- Project management skills are essential for overseeing engineering projects, including budgeting, scheduling, resource allocation, and risk management.
- Effective project management entails setting realistic goals, monitoring progress, and adapting to changing circumstances to ensure project success.
5. **Innovation and Continuous Learning**:
- Engineering practice thrives on innovation, fostering creativity and ingenuity to develop novel solutions to complex problems.
- Engineers must embrace lifelong learning, staying abreast of advancements in technology, techniques, and best practices to remain competitive in a rapidly evolving field.
6. **Quality Assurance and Testing**:
- Quality assurance processes are integral to engineering practice, ensuring that products and systems meet specified standards and requirements.
- Testing and validation procedures are conducted throughout the development lifecycle to identify and rectify defects, minimizing risks and optimizing performance.
7. **Sustainability and Environmental Impact**:
- Engineers play a crucial role in promoting sustainability by designing environmentally friendly solutions, minimizing resource consumption, and mitigating pollution and waste.
- Consideration of lifecycle assessments and eco-design principles is essential to minimize the environmental footprint of engineering pro
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...ssuser7dcef0
Power plants release a large amount of water vapor into the
atmosphere through the stack. The flue gas can be a potential
source for obtaining much needed cooling water for a power
plant. If a power plant could recover and reuse a portion of this
moisture, it could reduce its total cooling water intake
requirement. One of the most practical way to recover water
from flue gas is to use a condensing heat exchanger. The power
plant could also recover latent heat due to condensation as well
as sensible heat due to lowering the flue gas exit temperature.
Additionally, harmful acids released from the stack can be
reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation. reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation.
Condensation of vapors in flue gas is a complicated
phenomenon since heat and mass transfer of water vapor and
various acids simultaneously occur in the presence of noncondensable
gases such as nitrogen and oxygen. Design of a
condenser depends on the knowledge and understanding of the
heat and mass transfer processes. A computer program for
numerical simulations of water (H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
condensation in a flue gas condensing heat exchanger was
developed using MATLAB. Governing equations based on
mass and energy balances for the system were derived to
predict variables such as flue gas exit temperature, cooling
water outlet temperature, mole fraction and condensation rates
of water and sulfuric acid vapors. The equations were solved
using an iterative solution technique with calculations of heat
and mass transfer coefficients and physical properties.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
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HEAP SORT ILLUSTRATED WITH HEAPIFY, BUILD HEAP FOR DYNAMIC ARRAYS.
Heap sort is a comparison-based sorting technique based on Binary Heap data structure. It is similar to the selection sort where we first find the minimum element and place the minimum element at the beginning. Repeat the same process for the remaining elements.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
4. MEASURING TOOLS :
• Measuring tape
Measuring tape is used to measure size or distance of a given
piece.
• Try square
A try square is a measuring tool used for marking and
checking 90 degree angles on pieces of wood.
• Screw guage
It is used to measure the thickness, radius or diameter of a
given material.
5.
6. • OUTSIDE CALIPER
Outside caliper is a device which is used to measure the exterior
diameter of an object, or to measure the thickness of an object.
• Inside caliper
Inside caliper is a device which is used to measure the internal
dimensions such as internal diameter of a pipe.
• Vernier caliper
It is a measuring tool used to measuring linear dimensions.
7.
8. MARKING TOOLS :
• Centre punch
Centre punch is a hard tool used in marking work to create the mark on the
work piece.
• Scriber
Scriber is a hand tool used in marking work to mark lines on work piece.
• Prick punch
Prick punch is a hand tool used in marking work to prick the work piece.
9.
10. CUTTING TOOLS :
• Shear
Shear is a cutting tool which is used for cutting metal wires.
• Hack Saw
Hack saw is a hand-powered, small toothed saw used for cutting metal
pipes, rods, brackets.
• Chisel
It is used to cut something in one time while striking on it.
11.
12. FILLING TOOLS
• File tool
It is used to remove fine amounts of material from a work piece.
• Rough and smooth file
Rough file is used for removing more quantity of metal in less time.
Smooth file is used for removing less metal and for giving good surface
finishing.
• Single and double cut
Single-cut files have rows of teeth cut in one direction only -- usually at a
65-degree angle to the center line. Double-cut files have teeth that
crisscross at opposing angles.
13.
14. DRILLING TOOLS
• Drill machine
A drilling machine is a tool used for drilling holes in various materials,
such as metal, ceramic wood, or plastic.
• Drill Bit
Drill bits are cutting tools used in a drill to remove material to create
holes, almost always of circular cross-section.
15.
16. REAMING TOOLS
• Reamer
They are used to finish holes that have been drilled, end-milled, or
punched, leaving them with very accurate dimensions. A reamer cannot
be used to originate a hole.
• Tape handle
A strip of cloth, paper, or plastic with an adhesive surface, used
for sealing, binding, or attaching items together.
17.
18. THREADING TOOLS
• TAPE
Thread taps are especially designed tools used to cut the female portion
of a mating pair of metal fasteners.
• Die
A die is a tool used to cut the male portions.
19. COUNTER SINKING TOOLS
• COUNTER SINK
A countersink is a cutting tool which puts a conical hole into an object. A
common use is to allow the head of a countersunk bolt or screw, when
placed in the hole, to sit flush with or below the surface. Countersinks
also be used to remove burrs left from drilling or tapping operations.
20. COUNTER BORING TOOL
• COUNTER BORE
A counter bore is a cylindrical flat-bottomed hole that enlarges another
coaxial hole, or the tool used to create that feature. A counter bore hole
is typically used when a fastener, such as a socket head cap screw or
fillister head screw, is required to sit flush with or below the level of a
work piece's surfaces.
