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 is the provision of initial care for an illness or injury. It

is usually performed by non-expert, but trained
personnel to a sick or injured person until definitive
medical treatment can be accessed. Certain selflimiting illnesses or minor injuries may not require
further medical care past the first aid intervention. It
generally consists of a series of simple and in some
cases, potentially life-saving techniques that an
individual can be trained to perform with minimal
equipment.
 THE SIGNS OF SHOCK ARE

FAINTNESS, SICKNESS, CLAMMY
SKIN AND PLAE FACE. SHOCK
SHOULD BE TREATED BY KEEPING
THE PERSON CONFORTABLE, LYING
DOWN AND WARM COVER THE
PERSON WITH A BLANKET OR
CLOTHING, BUT DO NOT APPLY
HOT WATER BOTTLES.
 FAINTING MAY OCCUR AFTER A LONG

PERIOD OF STANDING IN A HOT, BADLY
VENTILLATED KITCHEN. THE SIGNS OF AN
IMPENDING FAINT ARE WHITENESS,
GIDDINESS AND SWEATING. A FAINT
SHOULD BE TREATED BY RAISING THE
LEGS SLIGHTLY ABOVE THE LEVEL OF THE
HEAD AND WHEN THE PERSON RECOVERS
CONSCIOUSNESS, PUTTING THE PERSON
IN FRESH AIR FOR A WHILE AND MAKING
SURE THAT THE PERSON HAS NOT
INCURRED ANY INJURY IN FAINTING.
 ALL CUTS SHOULD BE COVERED

IMMEDIATELY WITH A BLUE COLORED
WATERPROOF DRESSING AFTER THE
SKIN ROUND THE CUTS HAS BEEN
WASHED. WHEN THERE IS
CONSIDERABLE BLEEDING IT SHOULD
BE STOPPED AS SOON AS POSSIBLE.
BLEEDING MAYBE CONTROLLED BY
DIRECT PRESSURE, BY BANDAGING
FIRMLY ON THE CUT.
 SIT THE PERSON DOWN WITH THE

HEAD FORWARD, AND LOOSEN
CLOTHING ROUND THE NECK AND
CHEST. ASK THEM TO BREATHE
THROUGH THE MOUTH AND TO
PINCH THE SOFT PART OF THE
NOSE. AFTER 10 MINUTES, RELEASE
THE PRESSURE. WARN THE PERSON
NOT TO BLOW THE NOSE FOR
SEVERAL HOURS.
A PERSON SUFFERING FROM

BROKEN BONES SHOULD
NOT BE MOVED UNTIL THE
INJURED PART HAS BEEN
SECURED SO THAT IT IS
IMMOBILE. MEDICAL
ASSISTANCE SHOULD BE
OBTAINED.
 SWITCH OFF THE CURRENT. IF THIS IS

NOT POSSIBLE, FREE THE PERSON BY
USING A DRY INSULATING MATERIAL
SUCH AS CLOTH, WOOD, OR RUBBER,
TAKING CARE NOT TO USE BARE HANDS
OTHERWISE THE ELECTRIC SHOCK MAY
BE TRANSMITTED. IF BREATHING HAS
STOPPED, GIVE THE ARTIFICIAL
RESPIRATION AND SEND FOR THE
DOCTOR.
 THERE ARE SEVERAL METHODS OF

ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION. THE
MOST EFFECTIVE IS MOUTH TO
MOUTH (MOUTH TO NOSE)
RESUCITATION AND THIS METHOD
CAN BE USED BY ALMOST ALL AGE
GROUPS AND IN ALMOST
COUNTRIES.

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First aid treatment and equipment

  • 1.
  • 2.  is the provision of initial care for an illness or injury. It is usually performed by non-expert, but trained personnel to a sick or injured person until definitive medical treatment can be accessed. Certain selflimiting illnesses or minor injuries may not require further medical care past the first aid intervention. It generally consists of a series of simple and in some cases, potentially life-saving techniques that an individual can be trained to perform with minimal equipment.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.  THE SIGNS OF SHOCK ARE FAINTNESS, SICKNESS, CLAMMY SKIN AND PLAE FACE. SHOCK SHOULD BE TREATED BY KEEPING THE PERSON CONFORTABLE, LYING DOWN AND WARM COVER THE PERSON WITH A BLANKET OR CLOTHING, BUT DO NOT APPLY HOT WATER BOTTLES.
  • 6.
  • 7.  FAINTING MAY OCCUR AFTER A LONG PERIOD OF STANDING IN A HOT, BADLY VENTILLATED KITCHEN. THE SIGNS OF AN IMPENDING FAINT ARE WHITENESS, GIDDINESS AND SWEATING. A FAINT SHOULD BE TREATED BY RAISING THE LEGS SLIGHTLY ABOVE THE LEVEL OF THE HEAD AND WHEN THE PERSON RECOVERS CONSCIOUSNESS, PUTTING THE PERSON IN FRESH AIR FOR A WHILE AND MAKING SURE THAT THE PERSON HAS NOT INCURRED ANY INJURY IN FAINTING.
  • 8.
  • 9.  ALL CUTS SHOULD BE COVERED IMMEDIATELY WITH A BLUE COLORED WATERPROOF DRESSING AFTER THE SKIN ROUND THE CUTS HAS BEEN WASHED. WHEN THERE IS CONSIDERABLE BLEEDING IT SHOULD BE STOPPED AS SOON AS POSSIBLE. BLEEDING MAYBE CONTROLLED BY DIRECT PRESSURE, BY BANDAGING FIRMLY ON THE CUT.
  • 10.
  • 11.  SIT THE PERSON DOWN WITH THE HEAD FORWARD, AND LOOSEN CLOTHING ROUND THE NECK AND CHEST. ASK THEM TO BREATHE THROUGH THE MOUTH AND TO PINCH THE SOFT PART OF THE NOSE. AFTER 10 MINUTES, RELEASE THE PRESSURE. WARN THE PERSON NOT TO BLOW THE NOSE FOR SEVERAL HOURS.
  • 12.
  • 13. A PERSON SUFFERING FROM BROKEN BONES SHOULD NOT BE MOVED UNTIL THE INJURED PART HAS BEEN SECURED SO THAT IT IS IMMOBILE. MEDICAL ASSISTANCE SHOULD BE OBTAINED.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.  SWITCH OFF THE CURRENT. IF THIS IS NOT POSSIBLE, FREE THE PERSON BY USING A DRY INSULATING MATERIAL SUCH AS CLOTH, WOOD, OR RUBBER, TAKING CARE NOT TO USE BARE HANDS OTHERWISE THE ELECTRIC SHOCK MAY BE TRANSMITTED. IF BREATHING HAS STOPPED, GIVE THE ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION AND SEND FOR THE DOCTOR.
  • 17.
  • 18.  THERE ARE SEVERAL METHODS OF ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION. THE MOST EFFECTIVE IS MOUTH TO MOUTH (MOUTH TO NOSE) RESUCITATION AND THIS METHOD CAN BE USED BY ALMOST ALL AGE GROUPS AND IN ALMOST COUNTRIES.