This document discusses fire emergencies and fire safety. It defines fire as a chemical reaction between oxygen and a fuel source that produces heat. The three elements necessary to produce fire are listed as heat, fuel, and oxygen. Five classes of fire are identified. Methods of fire extinguishment and heat transfer are explained. The parts and proper use of a portable fire extinguisher are outlined. The "bucket brigade" method of firefighting is also summarized, where people form a line to pass buckets of water to the fire scene.

1. Fire Emergencies
BY :- UDIT KUMAR DIXIT
KHARAGPUR

2. Lesson Objectives
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to
1. Define what is fire
2. List the elements of fire
3. Identify the classes of fire
4. Identify the methods of extinguishment
5. Name the parts of a portable fire extinguisher
6. The use of a fire extinguisher
7. Use of the “bucket brigade

3. FIRE
Fire is the visible effect of the process
of combustion-a special type of chemical
reaction. It occurs between oxygen in the
air and some sort of fuel. The products
from the chemical reaction are completely
different from the starting material.

4. There are three components
necessary to produce a fire.
1.Heat 2.Fuel 3. Oxygen(Air)
( chemical chain reaction)

5. CLASSES OF FIRE
Class A
Class B
Class C
Class D
Class E
Class F Kitchen fires: Cooking oil, fat fryers
Organic combustible materials: wood, cloth, paper,
plastics
Flammable and combustible liquids and gases:
grease, gasoline
Natural Gases
metals:(ex)-magnesium. Sodium, Titanium,
potassium
Electrical equipment
SL 7-8

6. Methods of Heat Transfer
• conduction
• Convection
• Radiation

8. FIRE EXTINGUISHMENT THEORY
A fire may be extinguished by:
• a.) Temperature reduction (Cooling)
• b.) Fuel removal (Starving)
• c.) Oxygen exclusion (Smothering)

9. Extinguishing Agents
• Water
• Sand
• Wet Rags
• CO2
• Dry Chemical

10. The Portable Fire Extinguisher
A fire extinguisher is an active fire protection
device used to extinguish or control small
fires, often in emergency situations. It is not
intended for use on an out-of-control fire

11. Parts of the Fire Extinguisher
• Handle and Operation lever
• Pressure gauge
• Safety pin
• Cylinder Hose
• Inspection tag Nozzle
• Label Hose Clip

13. How to use a fire extinguisher
• Pull the pin
• Aim the nozzle
• Squeeze the lever
• Sweep

14. The Bucket Brigade
• It refers to a method of fire fighting, where by
people would form a line from the water
source to the fire scene and would pass
buckets to each other to extinguish a blaze.

15. REVIEW
1. Define what is fire
2. List the elements of fire
3. Identify the classes of fire
4. Identify the methods of extinguishment
5. Name the parts of a portable fire extinguisher
6. The use of a fire extinguisher
7. Use of the “bucket brigade

16. ANY QUESTION