This document provides an analysis of existing structures at Cape Rachado site in Port Dickson, Malaysia. It describes various pathways, stairs, railings, retaining walls, gazebos, signboards, benches, observatory decks, picnic tables, and a beach gazebo. For each structure, it details materials used, dimensions, strengths, and weaknesses. Concrete and reinforced concrete are common materials used due to durability. Structures blend into the natural surroundings using materials like wood and adopting traditional Malay design elements. The document evaluates existing structures and identifies areas for improvement such as maintenance, safety, and accessibility issues.
This document provides an analysis of the site Cape Rachado, including existing structures and landscape elements. It contains details on the:
1. Concrete pathways and steps built along hiking trails from the lighthouse to the beach. Observatories, gazebos, and signage provide places for bird watching and learning.
2. Retaining walls and railings constructed from materials like concrete, wood, and steel help stabilize slopes and provide safety.
3. Surrounding forest landscape contains various tree species up to 60 meters tall, with densities and soil conditions changing from beach to inland areas.
The document describes the design process of a 1:5 scale model of a bamboo bus shelter. It discusses the design concepts, material selection, structural analysis, construction progress, and joinery techniques. Bamboo and thatched roof materials were chosen for their sustainability and ability to withstand tropical weather conditions. Various prototypes were tested before finalizing a design with diagonal bracing for the roof and inverted V bracing on the sides to reinforce the structure and distribute loads from the roof to the ground.
The document summarizes the home construction process from site preparation through mechanical systems installation. It describes laying out the building site, excavating for and pouring the foundation, framing the floors, walls and roof, installing insulation, drywall and mechanical systems like electrical, plumbing and HVAC. Diagrams show the components and construction steps for foundations, framing, ceilings, roofs and mechanical rough-ins.
The document discusses various types of roof systems and components. It describes different types of roof decks including cementitious wood-fiber panels, lightweight insulating concrete, poured gypsum concrete, and structural concrete. It also discusses steel decks, thermosetting insulating fillies deck, and wood planks or panel deck. The document then discusses types of roofs including pitched or sloping roofs and flat roofs. It provides details on different forms of pitched roofs and roof truss systems including king post, queen post, mansard, steel, and composite trusses.
This document provides information on roofs and roofing structures. It begins with an introduction that defines a roof and discusses their purpose of protecting buildings from weather. It then discusses different roof materials, shapes, and parts. Common roof types are described such as gabled, hipped, arched and domed roofs. Specific structural systems like trusses, cables, and masts are examined. Different structural materials for roofs like wood, metal, and fabric are also covered. The document concludes with descriptions of innovative roof projects from architects that utilize unique structural systems and materials.
Cladding is an exterior finishing system akin to a skin or an additional non-load bearing layer which serves a dual purpose. It not only helps in protecting the interiors of the building from the harsh weather elements but also makes the outside decorative and attractive. The right cladding helps to maintain the building's weather-tight and cost-effective, at the same time provides thermal insulation, reducing the temperature variation inside the building. It also helps to improve interior acoustic and day lighting.
This document provides an analysis of the site Cape Rachado, including existing structures and landscape elements. It contains details on the:
1. Concrete pathways and steps built along hiking trails from the lighthouse to the beach. Observatories, gazebos, and signage provide places for bird watching and learning.
2. Retaining walls and railings constructed from materials like concrete, wood, and steel help stabilize slopes and provide safety.
3. Surrounding forest landscape contains various tree species up to 60 meters tall, with densities and soil conditions changing from beach to inland areas.
The document describes the design process of a 1:5 scale model of a bamboo bus shelter. It discusses the design concepts, material selection, structural analysis, construction progress, and joinery techniques. Bamboo and thatched roof materials were chosen for their sustainability and ability to withstand tropical weather conditions. Various prototypes were tested before finalizing a design with diagonal bracing for the roof and inverted V bracing on the sides to reinforce the structure and distribute loads from the roof to the ground.
The document summarizes the home construction process from site preparation through mechanical systems installation. It describes laying out the building site, excavating for and pouring the foundation, framing the floors, walls and roof, installing insulation, drywall and mechanical systems like electrical, plumbing and HVAC. Diagrams show the components and construction steps for foundations, framing, ceilings, roofs and mechanical rough-ins.
The document discusses various types of roof systems and components. It describes different types of roof decks including cementitious wood-fiber panels, lightweight insulating concrete, poured gypsum concrete, and structural concrete. It also discusses steel decks, thermosetting insulating fillies deck, and wood planks or panel deck. The document then discusses types of roofs including pitched or sloping roofs and flat roofs. It provides details on different forms of pitched roofs and roof truss systems including king post, queen post, mansard, steel, and composite trusses.
This document provides information on roofs and roofing structures. It begins with an introduction that defines a roof and discusses their purpose of protecting buildings from weather. It then discusses different roof materials, shapes, and parts. Common roof types are described such as gabled, hipped, arched and domed roofs. Specific structural systems like trusses, cables, and masts are examined. Different structural materials for roofs like wood, metal, and fabric are also covered. The document concludes with descriptions of innovative roof projects from architects that utilize unique structural systems and materials.
Cladding is an exterior finishing system akin to a skin or an additional non-load bearing layer which serves a dual purpose. It not only helps in protecting the interiors of the building from the harsh weather elements but also makes the outside decorative and attractive. The right cladding helps to maintain the building's weather-tight and cost-effective, at the same time provides thermal insulation, reducing the temperature variation inside the building. It also helps to improve interior acoustic and day lighting.
The document discusses several precedent studies of building projects that utilized different construction systems and materials. It includes details on a metal roofing system used at Towson University, a terra cotta facade and composite concrete floor system at Villa Isola Bella, a steel frame structure at the Aspen Art Museum, a terra cotta facade at UMKC Bloch Executive Hall, a double skin facade and louvers at the Surry Hills Library, and sketches of terra cotta facade panels and a double skin facade. Sectional perspectives further illustrate a proposed community library design utilizing several of these systems, including a composite concrete floor, double skin facade, and steel frame structure.
Building Technology 1 Assignment 2 - Construction SolutionsJoe Onn Lim
This document presents student Lim Joe Onn's assignment for a Building Technology module, which includes precedent studies and proposals for the façade and roof systems of a proposed Vertical Park Library in Kuala Lumpur. Precedent studies include a ventilation block façade from Vietnam, a green wall system from Kuala Lumpur, and a thatched roof villa from Bali. Two façade proposals are presented: one with precast concrete ventilation blocks, and one with a green wall system of hollow posts, cables and planter boxes. A sectional perspective shows a proposed thatched roof system using nipa palm leaves and bamboo.
The document provides details of a project to design an alternative construction for a Visitor Appreciation Centre using sustainable materials. It includes sections on the design brief, precedent studies of similar projects using natural materials, comparisons of existing and modified structural systems, and material specifications. Precedent projects utilized rammed earth, bamboo, and timber constructions. The proposed design modifies the structural systems using bamboo for the roof, columns, and beams and rammed earth for the walls and floor.
The EZ Wall™ Thin Brick Cladding System has been installed across the country and around the world on a wide range of commercial and retail projects, as well as reface and remodel projects.
Discover how you can use concrete lego blocks to solve many civil engineering problems. Learn how to value engineer your next project with concrete lego blocks. They are excellent for the construction of a number of retaining walls including, gravity retaining walls, reinforced block retaining walls and inclined retaining walls
Building Technology 1 Construction Solutions Reportdouglasloon
Taylor's University Lakeside Campus
School of Architecture, Building & Design
Bachelor of Science (Hons) in Architecture
Building Technology (BLD 61403)
Space maintainers are appliances used to maintain space or regain minor amounts of space lost after a primary tooth is lost. There are several types of space maintainers including fixed appliances like band and loop, lingual arch, and distal shoe appliances as well as removable partial dentures. Key factors in determining the appropriate space maintainer include the time since tooth loss, development of the permanent tooth, and amount of bone covering the unerupted tooth. The document provides details on the construction, advantages, and disadvantages of various space maintainer options.
Uma corrida e caminhada no Instituto Agronômico de Campinas reuniu 450 pessoas para promover o esporte e conhecimento sobre a cultura do café. Os participantes percorreram seis quilômetros dentro da fazenda experimental conhecendo sua história e importância. O evento pretende valorizar a instituição e divulgar suas pesquisas agrícolas de forma acessível ao público.
1. Uma bióloga testou o uso do princípio ativo da N-acetilcisteína, encontrado em xaropes expectorantes, para combater a bactéria Xylella fastidiosa, causadora da clorose variegada dos citros em laranjeiras.
2. Experimentos in vitro e em plantas cultivadas em hidroponia mostraram que a N-acetilcisteína reduz os sintomas da doença ao desfazer o biofilme formado pelas bactérias.
3. Agora a bióloga
This letter provides a full recommendation of Alicia Landy for a position within the recipient's company. The letter describes Alicia as an intelligent, hard-working professional with excellent organizational skills. She is able to find solutions to challenges, see tasks through to completion, and anticipate needs. Additionally, Alicia is a true team player who is warm, personable, and contributes positively. The letter writer wholeheartedly recommends Alicia for any position.
O documento descreve as etapas da respiração celular aeróbia, incluindo a glicólise, o ciclo de Krebs e a cadeia respiratória. A glicólise ocorre no citosol e produz piruvato, que entra no ciclo de Krebs na mitocôndria. O ciclo de Krebs gera NADH e FADH2, cujos elétrons alimentam a cadeia respiratória nas cristas mitocondriais. Isso cria um gradiente de prótons que é usado pela ATP s
Early History of George Town, Penang
1) In the late 18th century, Francis Light established the trading settlement of George Town on Penang Island under the British East India Company to control trade in the Strait of Malacca. 2) George Town grew into a multiethnic society as migrants arrived from Europe, India, China, and other parts of Asia to take advantage of business and trade opportunities. 3) Over the centuries, George Town developed from a small trading port into a thriving colonial city and major port, attracting more migrants, businesses, and development.
Apresentação para o o curso "Utilização de nematoides para o monitoramento da qualidade do solo", ministrado ao Programa de Pós-graduação da Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Campus de Marechal Cândido Rondon, em abril de 2016.
A empresa de tecnologia anunciou um novo smartphone com câmera avançada, tela grande e bateria de longa duração por um preço acessível. O aparelho tem como objetivo atrair mais consumidores para a marca e aumentar sua participação no competitivo mercado de smartphones.
The document discusses the history of sutures and suturing techniques from ancient times to modern times. It describes how primitive peoples used various methods like cautery, thorns, and ants to close wounds. Ancient civilizations like India, Babylon, Greece, and Rome made advances in suturing including the use of needles and threads. The Indian text of Susruta described many surgical techniques and the use of different types of needles and suture materials. Over time techniques improved with advances made by figures like Hippocrates, Celsus, and Galen. The document provides historical context on the development of modern suturing principles and methods.
The document contains a floor plan and building materials list for the ADP building and foyer. It includes sections about timber, stairs/handrailing, tiles, concrete, and different types of each material. Timber is described as a natural and renewable building material. Stairs and handrails can be made of wood, steel, aluminum or vinyl. Tiles are thin slabs made of materials like ceramic, stone, metal or glass. Floor tiles include natural stone, rubber, plastic and ceramic options. Concrete is a composite material made of water, aggregate and cement.
The document discusses several precedent studies of building projects that utilized different construction systems and materials. It includes details on a metal roofing system used at Towson University, a terra cotta facade and composite concrete floor system at Villa Isola Bella, a steel frame structure at the Aspen Art Museum, a terra cotta facade at UMKC Bloch Executive Hall, a double skin facade and louvers at the Surry Hills Library, and sketches of terra cotta facade panels and a double skin facade. Sectional perspectives further illustrate a proposed community library design utilizing several of these systems, including a composite concrete floor, double skin facade, and steel frame structure.
Building Technology 1 Assignment 2 - Construction SolutionsJoe Onn Lim
This document presents student Lim Joe Onn's assignment for a Building Technology module, which includes precedent studies and proposals for the façade and roof systems of a proposed Vertical Park Library in Kuala Lumpur. Precedent studies include a ventilation block façade from Vietnam, a green wall system from Kuala Lumpur, and a thatched roof villa from Bali. Two façade proposals are presented: one with precast concrete ventilation blocks, and one with a green wall system of hollow posts, cables and planter boxes. A sectional perspective shows a proposed thatched roof system using nipa palm leaves and bamboo.
The document provides details of a project to design an alternative construction for a Visitor Appreciation Centre using sustainable materials. It includes sections on the design brief, precedent studies of similar projects using natural materials, comparisons of existing and modified structural systems, and material specifications. Precedent projects utilized rammed earth, bamboo, and timber constructions. The proposed design modifies the structural systems using bamboo for the roof, columns, and beams and rammed earth for the walls and floor.
The EZ Wall™ Thin Brick Cladding System has been installed across the country and around the world on a wide range of commercial and retail projects, as well as reface and remodel projects.
Discover how you can use concrete lego blocks to solve many civil engineering problems. Learn how to value engineer your next project with concrete lego blocks. They are excellent for the construction of a number of retaining walls including, gravity retaining walls, reinforced block retaining walls and inclined retaining walls
Building Technology 1 Construction Solutions Reportdouglasloon
Taylor's University Lakeside Campus
School of Architecture, Building & Design
Bachelor of Science (Hons) in Architecture
Building Technology (BLD 61403)
Space maintainers are appliances used to maintain space or regain minor amounts of space lost after a primary tooth is lost. There are several types of space maintainers including fixed appliances like band and loop, lingual arch, and distal shoe appliances as well as removable partial dentures. Key factors in determining the appropriate space maintainer include the time since tooth loss, development of the permanent tooth, and amount of bone covering the unerupted tooth. The document provides details on the construction, advantages, and disadvantages of various space maintainer options.
Uma corrida e caminhada no Instituto Agronômico de Campinas reuniu 450 pessoas para promover o esporte e conhecimento sobre a cultura do café. Os participantes percorreram seis quilômetros dentro da fazenda experimental conhecendo sua história e importância. O evento pretende valorizar a instituição e divulgar suas pesquisas agrícolas de forma acessível ao público.
1. Uma bióloga testou o uso do princípio ativo da N-acetilcisteína, encontrado em xaropes expectorantes, para combater a bactéria Xylella fastidiosa, causadora da clorose variegada dos citros em laranjeiras.
2. Experimentos in vitro e em plantas cultivadas em hidroponia mostraram que a N-acetilcisteína reduz os sintomas da doença ao desfazer o biofilme formado pelas bactérias.
3. Agora a bióloga
This letter provides a full recommendation of Alicia Landy for a position within the recipient's company. The letter describes Alicia as an intelligent, hard-working professional with excellent organizational skills. She is able to find solutions to challenges, see tasks through to completion, and anticipate needs. Additionally, Alicia is a true team player who is warm, personable, and contributes positively. The letter writer wholeheartedly recommends Alicia for any position.
O documento descreve as etapas da respiração celular aeróbia, incluindo a glicólise, o ciclo de Krebs e a cadeia respiratória. A glicólise ocorre no citosol e produz piruvato, que entra no ciclo de Krebs na mitocôndria. O ciclo de Krebs gera NADH e FADH2, cujos elétrons alimentam a cadeia respiratória nas cristas mitocondriais. Isso cria um gradiente de prótons que é usado pela ATP s
Early History of George Town, Penang
1) In the late 18th century, Francis Light established the trading settlement of George Town on Penang Island under the British East India Company to control trade in the Strait of Malacca. 2) George Town grew into a multiethnic society as migrants arrived from Europe, India, China, and other parts of Asia to take advantage of business and trade opportunities. 3) Over the centuries, George Town developed from a small trading port into a thriving colonial city and major port, attracting more migrants, businesses, and development.
Apresentação para o o curso "Utilização de nematoides para o monitoramento da qualidade do solo", ministrado ao Programa de Pós-graduação da Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Campus de Marechal Cândido Rondon, em abril de 2016.
A empresa de tecnologia anunciou um novo smartphone com câmera avançada, tela grande e bateria de longa duração por um preço acessível. O aparelho tem como objetivo atrair mais consumidores para a marca e aumentar sua participação no competitivo mercado de smartphones.
The document discusses the history of sutures and suturing techniques from ancient times to modern times. It describes how primitive peoples used various methods like cautery, thorns, and ants to close wounds. Ancient civilizations like India, Babylon, Greece, and Rome made advances in suturing including the use of needles and threads. The Indian text of Susruta described many surgical techniques and the use of different types of needles and suture materials. Over time techniques improved with advances made by figures like Hippocrates, Celsus, and Galen. The document provides historical context on the development of modern suturing principles and methods.
The document contains a floor plan and building materials list for the ADP building and foyer. It includes sections about timber, stairs/handrailing, tiles, concrete, and different types of each material. Timber is described as a natural and renewable building material. Stairs and handrails can be made of wood, steel, aluminum or vinyl. Tiles are thin slabs made of materials like ceramic, stone, metal or glass. Floor tiles include natural stone, rubber, plastic and ceramic options. Concrete is a composite material made of water, aggregate and cement.
The document discusses the design and components of timber structures. It describes various timber elements like beams, columns, foundations and connections. It covers different types of timber roof trusses and their joints. It also discusses the design of timber floors, including trusses, beams and columns. Finally, it addresses factors to consider in the design of timber structures like permissible stresses, modification factors, bearing stresses and column classifications.
Formwork Presentation for Construction TechnologyI'mMiss Lily
1. Formwork refers to the temporary structure used to support wet concrete until it is cured and can support itself. Common materials used include wood, steel, aluminum, plastic and plywood.
2. A good formwork must be water tight, strong, and reusable while also considering factors like quality, safety, and economy. It must be able to withstand loads, retain its shape, and be removed without damaging the concrete.
3. Different types of formworks are used for columns, beams, slabs, and other structural elements. Column formwork typically consists of side and end planks joined by yokes and bolts. Beam formworks use thick timber or plywood and are supported by props.
Tensile structures provide large column-free interior spaces through the use of tensioned fabric membranes maintained under tension by cable or truss networks. They offer several advantages over conventional structures like flexibility in design, natural daylighting, low costs, and minimal maintenance. However, the lightweight nature of fabric requires careful consideration of structural form finding, static and dynamic load analysis, and material patterning during the design process to develop stable, efficient tensile structures.
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 2 ; PROJECT 1 REPORTDarshiini Vig
The document describes a student project to construct a 1:5 scale model of a temporary bus shelter with a skeletal structure using recycled materials. The team researched skeletal construction and designed a shelter combining steel and timber posts, beams, and joints. This provided structural integrity while allowing for aesthetic variations. Diagrams and photos show the design's development from initial sketches through various prototype scales to the final scaled model shelter.
Form work for R.C.C. Wall, slab, beam and column, centering for arches
of large spans and dams, design features for temporary works, slip
formwork, False work for Bridges
Cold Formed Steel Building Cold Formed Steel Building.pptxErmiasamare2
This document provides an overview of a lecture on cold formed steel building structures. It discusses the materials used including steel, fasteners, connectors, cladding, insulation and roofing. The key components of cold formed steel structures are described including walls, joists and trusses. The design and construction process is outlined involving manufacturing, transportation, construction assembly, foundation work, erection and finishing. Finally, the advantages of cold formed steel structures are summarized such as cost efficiency, quick construction, recyclability, energy efficiency, durability, flexibility and seismic performance.
The document discusses the development and evolution of orthodontic appliances over time. It describes early appliances like the E-arch and pin and tube appliance. It then covers innovations like the ribbon arch, Begg's appliance, and edgewise appliance. The document also discusses modern materials for brackets and archwires, including metals, ceramics, and plastics. It provides details on bracket prescriptions, bonding techniques, and debonding procedures.
Street furniture includes elements placed in public spaces for user enjoyment and circulation control. Examples include benches, bollards, signage, and lighting. The document discusses various types of street furniture components and materials, including bollards made from cast iron, steel, composite materials, and stainless steel. It also covers the design of seating, shelters, litter bins, and other fixtures, providing principles for accessibility and wayfinding. The selection of materials and placement of street furniture should enhance the user experience while allowing clear pedestrian access.
A PowerPoint Presentation On Superstructurekuntansourav
The document discusses different types of stone and brick masonry, including rubble masonry, ashlar masonry, and classifications within each. It also covers topics like doors, louvers, glazing, windows, ventilation, staircases, scaffolding, and shoring. Stone masonry uses stone units bonded with mortar, while brick masonry uses individual bricks laid in a pattern. Staircases require specific widths, heights, materials and other design elements to be safe and functional. Scaffolding and shoring are used to support structures during construction.
The document discusses various surface active systems including folded plate structures, shell structures, barrel vaults, domes, and hyperbolic paraboloids. It provides details on the different types of each structure, their construction methods, advantages and disadvantages. A key point made is that shell structures can span long distances with thin materials due to their curved shapes distributing loads efficiently. Case studies of notable projects using these structural systems are also presented, such as the Sydney Opera House and Vidhan Sabha government building in Bhopal, India.
Landscape Architecture- Hardscaping elements Grace Henry
Hardscaping refers to permanent landscape elements made from hard materials like stone, concrete, wood, and metal. It includes features like driveways, walkways, retaining walls, stairs, and planters. Hardscaping is used to provide structure, separate different areas, and enhance the beauty of the natural landscape. There are many options for hardscaping materials with considerations including durability, maintenance needs, and aesthetic qualities. Proper planning is needed to incorporate hardscaping elements that meet the functional needs of the space.
building materilas-1_architecture_Straw as a building material-physical aspects - Basics, Fire, moisture, insects and pests proof.
Plastering straw bale walls, straw bale roof.
Formwork for Bridge and Centering Of ArchYash Patel
This document discusses different types of formwork and centering used in bridge construction. It describes centering for arches, including factors to consider like arch shape, span and thickness. Big arches may use timber truss, trestle or steel truss centering. Falsework supports arch structures during construction and consists of foundation pads, corbels, beams and posts. Slip formwork is an economical system for vertical structures like piers using sheathing, wales, yokes and scaffolds that eliminates joints and allows speedy construction.
This document provides information about timber as a vernacular construction material. It discusses the properties, advantages, and disadvantages of timber. It describes various uses of timber in construction including roofing, floors, framing, staircases, walls, doors, and windows. The document also examines the kath-khuni architecture of the Himalayan vernacular, including its materials, construction techniques, and aesthetic elements like carving. Examples of some of the oldest wooden buildings and structures from around the world are also mentioned.
Traditional construction involves assembling building parts on-site to construct buildings from the ground up. This includes creating foundations, walls, roofs, etc. at the construction site. Common construction methods include concrete, masonry, and wood framing. Foundations transfer loads from the structure to the soil and come in shallow and deep varieties. Different foundation types include pads, raft slabs, piles, which can be made of materials like concrete, steel, or wood. Formwork and scaffolding provide temporary structures to support concrete and crews during construction.
TYPES OF FOUNDATIONS AND CONSTRUCTION METHOD
BASICS OF FORMWORK AND STAGING
COMMON BUILDING CONSTRUCTION METHOD
MODULAR BUILDING CONSTRUCTION METHOD
PRECAST CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION METHOD
BASICS OF SLIP FORMING FOR TALL STRUCTURES
BASICS CONSTRUCTION METHODS FOR STEEL STRUCTURES
BASICS CONSTRUCTION METHODS BRIDGES
This document summarizes the design and construction of a temporary bus shelter. It describes the organic design inspiration taken from lily plants and how the shelter is designed to withstand weather using a curved roof. The technical drawings, materials used like glulam wood and their joints, and the construction process are documented. Load testing showed the need for bracing and moving the supporting columns to the center to evenly distribute weight. The final design uses a wide concrete base to stably support the glulam structure and roof.
Portal Frame Construction & Pre Engineered Building SystemIan Toisa
A steel structure built over a structural concept of primary members, secondary members and the cover sheeting connected to each other. The structural member are custom designed to be lighter in weight as well as high in strength.
The document discusses a design strategy to direct visitors to proposed new buildings at sites B and C. It aims to study patterns of pedestrian traffic to best utilize existing passages and direct foot traffic accordingly to the new structures. References are provided on related projects like artist residencies and cultural centers elsewhere to potentially inform the design.
This document compares social patterns in Petchaburi Road, Bangkok and Jalan Tunku Abdul Rahman in Kuala Lumpur. There are both similarities and differences in urban form, contact points, and street culture between the two areas. A key difference is that buildings in Petchaburi Road lack setbacks while buildings in Jalan Tunku Abdul Rahman have "five-foot ways" that provide covered pedestrian areas. This impacts how people engage with the street and each other. Both areas have contact points near markets and shopping areas, showing the influence of market culture.
The document summarizes three reaction papers by Lynette Law Yong Yi responding to readings on architecture theory. The first paper discusses Frank Lloyd Wright's views on simplicity and integrity in architecture. The second paper covers Juhani Pallasmaa's perspective that architecture is experienced through perception and memory rather than just form. The third paper examines Kenneth Frampton's concept of Critical Regionalism as a response to placelessness in modern architecture.
This document analyzes the lighting design for two spaces - a children's area and music listening area - in a community library project. For the children's area on the second floor facing east, daylight factor calculations show good natural lighting between 8am-3pm. Artificial lights are proposed after 3pm to maintain illumination levels. A dual switching system is suggested to control lights based on daylight. For the indoor music area, artificial lights are needed due to limited daylight. Calculations determine 18 downlights are required to meet illumination standards. Dual switching is also proposed to provide different light levels for various music activities.
This document outlines a community service initiative by Taylor's students to revitalize the learning environment at SMK Methodist in Banting, Malaysia. The existing library and facilities do not meet student needs for group and private study spaces or recreational activities. The proposed project site is the school garden, which is well-shaded and ventilated. The initiative aims to develop students' communication, teamwork, and problem-solving skills while providing a better learning space. A preliminary design includes movable curtains to create flexible spaces that meet user needs. The modular design allows for spontaneous programming and uses recycled materials.
1) The document is an internship report submitted by Lynette Law Yong Yi, detailing her 8-week internship at K.H Architects under the supervision of Ar.Lee Kok Hua.
2) During her internship, Lynette assisted with multiple projects including a 4-storey bungalow, terrace houses, a waste transfer station, and a hospital project.
3) She learned about architectural documentation, construction techniques, model making, software skills, and gained insight into the real-world practices and challenges of an architecture firm.
The document provides details about the Telekom Tower in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It was built between 1998-2001 to serve as the headquarters for Telekom Malaysia. At 310 meters tall with 55 floors, it is the 3rd tallest building in Malaysia. The curved bamboo-inspired design by architect Hijjas Kasturi aims to reduce solar gain through its orientation and inclusion of sky gardens for ventilation between office floors on the north and south sides. Landscaping around the site responds to the tropical climate.
The document summarizes a social psychology experiment conducted by a group of students at Taylor's University. The experiment aimed to test concepts like conformity, selective attention, schemas, situational attribution, and pluralistic ignorance. It involved group members pretending an invisible obstacle blocked a pathway on campus to see if passersby would mimic their actions of jumping over it. The experiment was filmed in two locations and reactions were analyzed. Some participants conformed to the group's behavior, supporting the concept of conformity. The discussion section explains how the results related to the different psychology concepts addressed in the experiment.
This document outlines a social psychology experiment conducted at Taylor's University to test concepts like conformity, selective attention, schema, situational attribution, and pluralistic ignorance. Students acted as participants by crossing an imaginary line while others filmed reactions to see how bystanders responded without being aware it was an experiment. The experiment aimed to demonstrate these concepts through natural, unprompted reactions without pre-acknowledging it was a study. Participants were then interviewed after the interaction.
Mike is a fan of Thor and is excited to see the new Thor movie based on the high ratings and enjoyable previous film. However, his brother warns him this new movie is not good. Mike ignores this advice and watches the movie with friends. He realizes afterward that the movie was not enjoyable and regrets not listening to his brother, as he wasted time and money.
This document contains summaries of 5 journal entries by a student about topics in social psychology. The topics discussed include social influence, social loafing, self-concept, self-serving biases, confirmation bias, counterfactual thinking, covariation theory, self-fulfilling prophecies, and classical conditioning. For each topic, the student provides a brief example from their own experience and draws a short conclusion.
The document contains information about a student named Lynette Law Yong Yi, with student ID 0317761, who attends a Social Psychology class on Mondays from 4pm to 6pm in room FNBE O214. The submission date for an assignment in this class is November 10th, 2014.
Businesspresentation 141214074649-conversion-gate01Lynette Law
This document outlines plans for a new cafe called TIME MACHINE located in Subang Jaya, Malaysia. The cafe will have four distinct settings based on different time periods: Jurassic, 1970s/80s, outdoor beach, and futuristic. It aims to attract local students, workers, residents, and seniors. The cafe expects to generate annual revenues of RM200,000-800,000 and annual profits of over RM430,000 within three years. It will be financed through owner investments and a bank loan, and will feature unique food and drink options, special events, and marketing strategies to draw customers and maximize profits.
Yjcharitydrivereport 141213204520-conversion-gate02Lynette Law
The document outlines a charity drive organized by five students to raise funds for three orphanages. Their fundraising efforts included designing a website for a client for RM2,500, selling 210 cakes for RM2 each that were donated by a local bakery, and providing PS4 gameplay for RM3 per 15 minutes. They aimed to raise over RM3,000 total to donate at least RM1,000 to each orphanage. Through promotional efforts like posters and social media, they were able to successfully complete the fundraising activities and meet their donation goals.
This document provides information about a group presentation titled "Café Culture" created by students from the School of Architecture, Building and Design. The presentation compares two cafes in Malaysia - Bitter Sweet Cafe in Penang and Coffee Ink in Klang. It includes sections on the history of coffee culture, descriptions of each cafe's business operations, a comparative analysis of the cafes, and recommendations. Coffee Ink focuses on premium coffee, cakes, and Western dishes and was founded over a year ago by owner Zabedee Chiang. Bitter Sweet Cafe sells homemade cakes and coffee in a bright, childhood-inspired space and has operated for around 4 months.
Bitter Sweet Café and Coffee Ink are cafés located in Penang and Klang, respectively. Bitter Sweet Café focuses on tourists in Georgetown with a simple interior and handmade wall designs. Coffee Ink attracts young students in Klang with a minimal natural light atmosphere and owner's drawings. Both cafés face challenges as new businesses but strive to improve through strategic promotions, unique concepts, and high quality food and drinks.
This document provides an outline for a play about Joan of Arc. It includes sections on theme and concept, the process of analysis and planning, delegation of script/storyboard and costume/prop tasks, and references. Key points are:
The play will focus on Joan of Arc leading the French army to victory over the British at Orleans and the crowning of King Charles VII at Reims Cathedral. Different group members will design costumes for different army ranks to create variation. The process involves brainstorming, delegating tasks, and collaborating on the final designs. Film adaptations will provide inspiration for visualizing the culture and settings of 15th century France.
The steel sculpture depicts a 1926 procession in George Town celebrating the birthday of Tua Pek Kong which included effigies of tigers. A British tourist observing the procession mistakenly assumes the effigies mean tigers were killed, failing to understand the cultural context. The artist, Tang Mun Kian, created the sculpture to depict and explain the cultural history behind the procession to prevent misinterpretations like the tourist's.
Fp part a - report template (recovered)Lynette Law
The document presents a proposal for a future floating city called Hoffen City. It discusses investigating existing and ancient cities to inform the design. Key elements extracted include Copenhagen's extensive bicycle infrastructure for transportation within the new city. The floating design is intended to shelter citizens from natural disasters like earthquakes and tsunamis. The proposal includes zoning maps that divide the circular city into areas for residences, businesses, recreation, farms, and military defense.
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Boudoir photography, a genre that captures intimate and sensual images of individuals, has experienced significant transformation over the years, particularly in New York City (NYC). Known for its diversity and vibrant arts scene, NYC has been a hub for the evolution of various art forms, including boudoir photography. This article delves into the historical background, cultural significance, technological advancements, and the contemporary landscape of boudoir photography in NYC.
16. concrete pavement
existing structure
EPOXY COATED RE-BARS
REINFORCED CONCRETE
COMPACTED SUBGRADE
STRENGTHS:
-low maintenance
-relatively high friction surface prevents slipping
-provides a clean and easy path for visitors to walk on
-durable especially in forests with extreme climates
water resistant
!
!
WEAKNESS:
-surface is very likely to crack as years pass.
-moss growth makes it slippery
17. concrete steps
existing structure
REINFORCED CONCRETE
EPOXY COATED RE-BARS
COMPACTED SUBGRADE
The materials used are similar to concrete
pavement.
!
The measure of the stairs are different.
Stair wide are all similar, about 60cm.
Stair raise range from 20cm to 50cm.
Stair run range from 20cm to 50cm.
WEAKNESSES:
-Some stairs on site were not built according to the standard requirement.
-Some of the raise is too high or stair run is too cramped, making walking
difficult and unsafe.
!
REASON:
-It was built according to the mountain surface, causing it to go against the set
requirement.
18. Wood installed along certain parts of the pathway
acts as a boundary to separate natural and built
landscapes
!
WEAKNESS:
Not able the withstand climate
changes, such as moisture ( grow
moss) and termite attacks.
Some pathways were created based on the position
of rocks in the area. Visitors have to step
through the stones to continue their way.
STRENGTH:
Preservation of natural elements, minimal
destruction of nature
!
WEAKNESS:
Hazardous, not suitable for children and old people
19. metal railings
existing structure
Colour: brown
!
Reason: To blend in with nature. The design
principle of harmony avoids conflict with
colours between it and its surroundings.
20. Railing Measurements
!
The railings can be found along the pavement and stairs when the terrain
is steeper.
!
Connected by hex bold screws.
!
All railings share the same measurement.
Hex
Hex
Bolt
Railing Details
21. Huge space between handles:
-Visitors are able to experience the
texture of the plants.
!
-View of natural environment not
obstructed. Experience of 5 senses
emphasized.
!
!
Material:
Steel
!
Strengths:
Steel lasts longer compared to wood after painted.
Cost-efficient.
Weather resistance, strong and durable.
!
Weaknesses:
Openings too big, not safe for children
Steel rusts if lack maintenance
metal railings
existing structure
22. retaining wall
existing structure
• A short wall that spans along parts of the walkway
that are very steep
• Prevents soil erosion and landslides that could block
the pathway
23. Heights are inconsistent due to steep contour of the site
Slanted by 20-40 degrees inconsistently throughout the whole walkway
Top of the wall carved to
resemble a tree log
retaining wall details
existing structure
24. !
!
!
Material:
concrete
!
material used
existing structure
PROS
!
-Firm and steady structure that will withstand
the test of time
-Suitable for holding loose and wet soil
-Cost efficient
!
!
!
CONS
!
- Easily stained by dirt and
soil
- Plants easily grow through the
cracks that may affect the
structure
25. entranced gazebo
existing structure
It is built after the light house, the hut act as an
‘entrance’ for the journey to the beach below the hill
!
REASON:
The boards in it display information about the birds.
Visitors learn about what they are going to see before
they start walking the trail.
26. entranced gazebo
existing structure
-Equipped with information signboards
about the site
-Pitch shaped roof ease elimination of
rainwater
-Shelters visitors from rain and sunlight
!
!
-In terms of form, it is a common design
!
STRENGTHS:
Allow visitors to be sheltered from
unpleasant climate.
Durable and long-lasting
!
! WEAKNESSES:
Plain and boring design
No seats provided
27. signboards in the gazebo
existing structure
STRENGTHS:
Allow visitors to learn about the site
Reduce the plainness of the gazebo
WEAKNESS:
Lack of maintenance
Information is not updated regularly (no improvements made)
28. 2. Wood
!
• Subjected to corrosion
• Strong supporting structure
• Non-resistant to wet and fire
!
1.Zinc Roof Tile
!
• Highly resistant to corrosion
• Cheap, durable, light
!
3. Concrete column
!
• Function as supporting system
• Durable
• Resistant to corrosion
1
2
3
materiality-gazebo
existing structure
30. gazebo-roofing
existing structure
WOODEN STRUCTURE:
Strong and able to blend with
the surroundings. Connected
together by metal nails
METAL ROOF:
Shelter for visitor while
raining. Save cost and light in
weight, easy to install.
!
STRENGTHS:
Zinc roof resistant to weather
Low maintenance
Metal reflects heat and blocks its from
heating the interior
!
!
!
WEAKNESSES:
Metal nails rust easily
Zinc roof creates noisy sound when hit by rain.
Lack light penetration
Lack maintenance
31. Roof Structure Type
Material
• Timber
!
Structure
• Tri-bearing roof trusses.
!
Strength
• Span much longer distance
• Very stable and strong
• Cheap
!
Weaknesses
• Timber will rot or warp, especially
when exposed in natural environment
• Wood attracts insects invaders such as
termites
• Suffer damage from high winds or
violent weather.
32. columns-gazebo
existing structure
Concrete column painted like wood appearance
!
To synchronize with the surrounding nature
!
Create the beauty rather than a plain grey column
STRENGTH:
As a supporting structure in the same time enhance the
aesthetic of the structure.
WEAKNESS:
Bulky in size but overall acceptable
33. curved benches
existing structure
• Place for people to rest, sit and enjoy nature
!
• Located 3 M from entrance gazebo
!
• Facing the sea, enables visitors to see birds
flying from the sea
34. Curved Bench Measurements
Front Elevation Side elevation
Material: Concrete
• Strong and sturdy
• Low maintenance requirement
• Can easily withstand local weather
conditions
• Can last very long
• Cost efficient
35. Strength
!
Accessible
Placed near a place
where all visitors pass
by, easily spotted
!
Weakness
!
Damaged
Cracks and signs of
vandalism can be
found all over the
bench
Opportunity
!
Potential Hotspot
Structures can be
built here due to
high accessibility
and good view.
!
However, tall trees
blocked the view.
Threat
!
Vandalism Prone
No security to stop
hooligans from
damaging public
property
37. Wooden platform is elevated based
on terrain
The observatory deck serves as a
bird watching platform
The railing is painted yellow in
colour so that it attracts
attention from afar
Birds come from the
direction of the sea into
the forest, making it easier
to spot them
38. !
!
!
!
• It is designed without a
roof, so that visitors
will be able to watch the
birds from any direction
!
• Larger and further field
of vision
!
• A platform is created by
piercing the steel railing
deep into the soil to
strengthen the grip.
!
• Flat surface surrendered to
pathway, pushing the deck
above a slope
!
39. layout of the observatory deck
existing structure
Information
rack
Bench
STRENGTHS:
Square observatory deck maximizes space.
Information rack placed in front,convenient to read.
Bench located at the back to not block the other visitors who are observing the birds.
!
WEAKNESSES:
No rain shelter for visitors
Poor maintenance: Information rack vandalised and abandoned
Rusted steel and softened wood jeopardizes visitor safety
!
42. picnic tables
existing structure
MATERIALS:
Wood, steel, nuts and bolts
!
NUTS AND BOLTS:
Made of medium carbon steel
Balanced ductility
Good wear resistance
But rusts rather quickly
Bolts
Screws
Wooden Panel
STRENGTHS:
Strong timber panels which blends in with nature.
Steel can withstand a huge amount of weight.
!
WEAKNESSES:
Color on panels wear off
the wood panels are not secure due to rusty nuts and bolts
44. materiality-picnic tables
existing structure
Wood
Metal
Concrete
!
!
WOOD
• Cheap and easy to attain.
• Wood protectant protects it
from cracking, warping, or
rotting due to moisture.
• The table-top and bench-top
boards are attached to the
trusses or beams using
screws or nails.
!
!
METAL
• Heavy, durable and
require little
maintenance.
• Stable, strong.
• Painted to avoid
rusting.
!
CONCRETE
• Sets the benches in
place.
45. colour selection
!
REDDISH-BROWN
• Nature and down-to-earth color signifying
stability, structure and support.
• Encourages a strong need for security and a
sense of belonging, with family and friends
being of utmost importance.
• Suits to the surroundings such as colour of
soil and trees. Harmonizes with nature.
YELLOW
• Evokes a warming effect, arouses
cheerfulness
• Strengthens relationship between family and
friends
• Stimulates mental activity and energy (able
to continue journey after an exhausting
hiking).
46. beach gazebo
existing structure
• A structure designed for visitors to rest and
enjoy the view of the beach.
• Most of the structure were made of timber,
which absorbs less heat and blends in with
nature.
48. materials and colors
Bench
(Timber)
Base
(Concrete)
Structure
(Timber)
Deck (Timber)
Roof
(Metal)
Metal (painted blue)
• Able to withstand tough weather conditions.
• Reflects sunlight. (absorbs less heat)
• In correllance with the blue sea
!
Timber (brown)
• Blends in with nature.
• Less heat absorbed.
• Gives a feeling of peacefulness and harmony.
!
!
existing structure
57. 60m
meranti tembaga
( S h o r e a L e p r o s u l a )
Greyish brown bark with shallow V-shaped
fissures
!
Outer Bark
•Dull purplish brown.
•Hard and brittle
!
Inner Bark
Dull yellowish brown
!
Grows on:
⇒Flat topography
⇒Well drained soil
⇒Strongly light demanding
Sapwood
•Pale cream
•Resinous
!
Heartwood
59. meranti seraya
(Shorea Curtisii)
130ft
Giant grey or reddish-brown bark with
course fissures
!
Defined as a floristic tree
!
Tree as a crown appears greyish-green as
stand-out among other trees of forest canopy
!
Grows on:
⇒Low land/Steep land
⇒Elevation 300-800m
⇒Near sea level
61. Arang-arang
(Diospyros spp.)
80ft
Medium hardwood
!
Density: 595-1,055 kg/m3 air dry
!
Natural durability:
•lighter coloured is non durable.
•Darker coloured is durable
!
Texture: fine and even with straight to slightly
interlocked grain
!
Machining property: easy to work with to produce smooth
surface
!
Shrinkage: high, especially in the streaky material.
Radial shrinkage averages 4.7% while tangential shrinkage
averages 8.7%.
!
!
63. Penarahan
(Myristicaceae)
Straight with longitudinal fissures and dappled
bark.
!
Stilt roots enables growth at 100-2100m elevation
!
Large elliptic leaves
!
Grows on sandy soil
!
Durability:
•Adapts to rainy weather
•Non resistant to growth of fungi
•Prone to termite attack
!
Birds feed on its ripen fruits
30m
65. Bintangor
(Calophyllum)
Wood has a streaked, ribboned, or zig-zag grain.
!
Outer sapwood
Yellowish brown
!
!
Sensitive to frost and fire
!
Grows on:
⇒Sandy beaches
⇒Temperature moderated by the proximity of the
sea and by the breezes
!
Uses:
Boats
Furniture
Medicine
Massage oil
!
30m
Inner sapwood
Light reddish
67. Kelat (Syzygium spp.)
Medium hardwood
!
popularly used as an urban landscaping plant due
to its hardiness and adaptability
!
Density: 495-1,010 kg/m3 air dry.
!
Natural durability:
•Moderately durable timber
•Average service life of 3.3 years under natural Malaysian
conditions
!
Texture: moderately fine and even with interlocked,
irregular or wavy grain.
!
Shrinkage: high, with radial shrinkage averaging 1.9% and
tangential shrinkage averaging 3.3%.
!
Uses:
Structural purposes
Ships and boats
Tramways and bridges
30m
69. Karas(aquilaria malaccensis)
Straight and smooth-barked. sometimes fluted or
with thick (10 cm) buttresses up to 2 m high
!
Good smell. Contains high amount of resin
!
Provides agarwood
!
Grows on:
⇒Primary and secondary forests
⇒Grows well on sandy loams developed from
sandstone
!
6-20m
ENDANGERED SPECIES
71. Mangrove tree
(Rhizophoraceae Bruguiera)
Medium height
!
Salt tolerant trees (halophytes) adapted to live
in harsh coastal conditions
!
Adapts to low oxygen
!
Adaptation to limit water loss:
•restrict the opening of their stomata
•vary the orientation of their leaves to avoid the
harsh midday sun
!
Grows in:
Saline coastal sediment habitats
!
4-9m
72. Ashen coloured water
!
Land covered with sand
and rocks in various
sizes
!
Sea snails attached
onto rocks
beach condition analysislandscape
74. P A C I F I C S W I F T
( A p u s p a c i f i c u s )
Can be distinguished through white rump band
and heavily marked under part
!
Breeds in sheltered locations such as caves.
!
Strongly migratory
!
Call: typical swift screams but softer and
less wheezy
!
Status and threats: Not considered at risk.
75. B A R N S W A L L O W
( H i r u n d o R u s t i c a )
Most widespread species of swallow
!
Passerine bird with blue upperparts • a long
forked tail • curved, pointed wings
!
Uses man-made structures to breed
!
Feeds on insects caught in flight
!
Strongly migratory
!
Call: typical swift screams
!
Status and threats: Not considered at risk.
76. C O M M O N S A N D P I P E R
( A c t i t i s h y p o l e u c o s )
18–20 cm long with a 32–35 cm wingspan
!
greyish-brown upperparts, white underparts,
!
breeds across most
of temperate and subtropical Europe and Asia
!
Gather and stop overs at Palau in Micronesia
departs around the last week of april
!
Call: Chirp.
!
Status and threats: Not considered at risk. but
is a vulnerable species in some states of
Australia.
77. B l U E - T H R O A T E D B E E - E A T E R
( M e r o p s v i r i d i s )
Small
!
Contrasting blue throat
!
Long central tail streamer
!
Call: Described as a liquid be-rek,be-
rek; terrip-terrip. Alarm call is a sharp chip.
!
Migration: April-September. Before the arrival
of Blue-tailed Bee-eater
!
Status and threats: Nesting sites affected by
human interuption
78. B l U E - T A I L E D B E E - E A T E R
( M e r o p s p h i l i p p i n u s )
Small
!
green crown and back; yellow and rufous throat;
brown upper breast; underparts apple green.
!
Call: Described as a liquid be-rek, be-rek; or
rillip rillip rillip.
!
found in scrub, mangrove, forest, cultivated
areas and grasslands.
!
Status and threats: Blue-tailed Bee-eaters are
not considered at risk
79. C H I N E S E G O S H A W K
( A c c i p i t e r s o l o e n s i s )
30–36 cm in length
!
Female larger than the male
!
Adult has prominent black wing tips
!
Call: Vocalizes only in breeding season,
especially early on; sharp "keee-keee-keee...".
Generally silent.
!
A bird of wooded areas.
!
Status and threats: Not considered at risk
80. G R A Y F A C E B U Z Z A R D
41-46 cm in length
!
Call: Main call described as a peevish,
whistled "whick-awee" or "pik-wee".
!
Utilize rising air currents to gain altitude
and cover great distances by soaring during
migration
!
Status and threats:Not globally threatened
(Least Concern). Size and trends of populations
very poorly known.
81. B L A C K B A Z A
( A v i c e d a l e u p h o t e s )
Small raptor
!
Often seen in groups
!
Soars high in the air during the migrations.
But usually, it flies low with deep wing-beats
interspersed with short glides on almost flat
wings.
!
Call: Soft quavering, plaintive or whistling
notes. Harsh squaks when in group.
84. Cape Rachado is located in Tanjung Tuan, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
As Malaysia is located near the equator, it allows for the location to receive more sunshine.
Being close to the equator, the sun path or position does not shift much throughout the year.
On the average, Malaysia receives about 6 hours of sunshine per day. However, seasonal variations may influence the amount of
sunshine received.
!
Sun Orientation
Knowing the sun path and orientation of the site is vital to the design of the observation deck in order to control the amount
and direction of sunlight entering the space.
!
!
Sunrise & Sunset
The site receives sunlight at around 7.13 a.m. (annual average).
Most facilities are built in the area
where HIGHER/LOWER light intensity is received, as shown in the diagram below.
99. wind path
climatic studies
Direction :
South East to North West
!
Wind Speed during Site
Visit :
6.7mph -8.8mph
!
Temperature : 25- 31 Celsius
!
Slight wind can be felt at the
start of the trail from Southwest
as a result of Southwest Monsoon
!
Stronger wind can be felt at the
end part of the trail as well as
the beach because of the land
breeze from the sea.
from southwest
northeast to
southwest
100. wind path-southwest monsoon
climatic studies
Period :
April to September
!
Areas Affected :
West Coast of Peninsular
Malaysia
!
Rainfall at site will be
higher than normal time
during monsoon season.
However, the monsoon
wind at site cannot be
felt as the site is
surrounded by trees.
southwest
monsoon
wind
101. wind path-northeast monsoon
climatic studies
northeast
monsoon
wind
Period :
October to March
!
Areas Affected :
East Coast of
Peninsular Malaysia
!
The site is not
affected by this
monsoon wind as it
is surrounded with
trees. Rainfall
normal at site
105. land breeze and sea breeze
climatic studies
land breeze
sea breeze
The wind pattern near the beach is generated by the heat gain,
heat loss, and heat storage variations between land and water.
124. AIM
#1 To look / observe a site which has more positive view and
also look into the contrasting view which is the negative view.
!
!
#2 To look / observe the sites through view framing from every
angle and openings, panoramic view of the best angles and also
view of the approaching site.
127. STRENGTH
• nearest/shortest distance from
standby point
• great view for bird watching
• great panoramic view
• good light penetration
WEAKNESS
• forest reserve view more than sea view
• no proper space to view the area
site 1 -observation deck 1
views+vistas
128.
129. STRENGTH
• very thin trees (only at this area)
• sunset light penetration
• interesting backdrop
• great bird watching view
WEAKNESS
• view covered by the amount of
trees
• quite humid
• steep
site 2 -observation deck 2
views+vistas
130.
131. STRENGTH
• sound of waves can be heard
• more light penetration into this area
• thin trees which does not affect the
view from top
• shady from the sunset sun
WEAKNESS
• steep terrain which has higher
risk for trees to fall
• narrow space
site 3 -observation deck 3
views+vistas
132.
133. STRENGTH
• wide range of sea view (horizon
line)
• view of sunrise
• direct access from forest trail
WEAKNESS
• no view of sunset
• tide increases and covers up half
of the shore in the morning
site 4 -south east beach
views+vistas
134.
135. Site V & VI
- south west beach -
STRENGTH
• wide area
• interesting 180’ view
• breezy
• great sunset view
WEAKNESS
• very rocky area
• 2 tombstones on top of the hill of
the mini peninsular
• high tide covers up the shore
during the night
site 5+6-south west beach
views+vistas
142. birdwatching zoning
activities
4)OBSERVATION DECK 2-
a view of trees ahead
and above.
5)OBSERVATION DECK 3-
a view of trees and
slope.
6)ROCKY CLIFF-
a higher
viewing point
towards the
ocean.
4
5
6
143. migratory birds in cape rachado
activities
Oriental Honey
Buzzard
(from Japan)
Black Baza
(forests of South East
Asia)
Chinese Goshawk
(Southeast China)
Blur-throated Bee
Eater
(Brunei, Cambodia,
China)
145. bird watching events
activities
Yearly event: RWW (Raptor Watch Weekend)
Organised by: MNS (Malaysian Nature Society)
Months: March – early April
Turnout: 20,000 people per day
148. BEFORE OBSERVATION DECK 2
OBSERVATION DECK 3
BACKDOOR BEACH
Skinny, straight trees
Sense of verticality
Spiritual and overpowering
First sounds of sea waves
Cooling sea breeze
Small U-shaped bay
Rocks frame the sea view
149. Panoramic view of the sea
Higher up, isolated
Full sunset view
rocky zone, main beach
activities
221. TOPOGRAPHY
!
• Contours
/ coast
• Degree of
slope
• Water
level
• Soil type
!
ACTIVITY
!
• Purpose of
observation
deck
• Current
activities?
• Introduction
of new concept