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Human - Microbe Interactions
Human - Microbe Interactions

 Microbes are dependent on environmental
  conditions for survival.



 Microbes make use of the human body as its
  ecological environment.



 Microbes accumulate over time immediately
  after birth by simple environmental interactions.
Beneficial Bacteria
 Bifidobacteria are vital for:


         - The acidogenic bacteria in
    the intestinal tract of breast-fed
    infants.


         - Modulation of immune
  responses.
Beneficial Bacteria

Bifidobacteria are vital for:
  -Inhibiting pathogens from
  colonizing gut mucosa.


- Breaking down of foods and the intake of
   nutrients into the body.
Beneficial Bacteria

 Lactobacilli are involved in:
  - Digestion
  - Nutrient absorption
  - Anti - tumor properties
  - Vitamin production
Probiotics

Development      Reduction in    Synthesis of
of mucousal      pH of bowel       vitamins
   barrier




 Immune         Production of   Metabolism
  system         short- chain   of bile acids
activation        fatty acids
Pathogenic Bacteria

Enterococcus faecalis
      - Found in the intestinal tract.
       - Most commonly causes urinary
    tract infections.
      - Epidermal parasitic skin
 diseases.
      - Antibiotic resistant.
Beneficial Archaea

Methanobrevibacter Smithii
 -Digestion of polysaccharides.
 - Consume methane.
 -Efficient energy production from
 fermented nutrients.
 -Combat obesity.
Viral Interaction With Humans

Viruses
  -Obligate cellular parasites
  - Survival is entirely dependant on the
cellular system they parasitize
  -Associated with being mostly pathogenic
  -Also have potential beneficial relationships
with humans
Viruses To CURE CANCER!

Oncolytic Virotherapy
  -1912, Regression of cervical cancer after
being treated with Rabies vaccine
   - Genetically modified Adenovirus injected
in tumors to cause oncolysis
  -Combination techniques are used to
overcome challeges
Viruses To CURE CANCER!

            Oncolytic
            Virotherapy
              -The Modified
            Adenovirus Lysing
            Tumor Cells
Adenoviruses: COMMON COLD
Pharyngoconjunctical Fever
  -Adenovirus Infection
  - Symptoms Include;
    → High Fever
    → Pharyngitis and Enlargement of Lymph
      Nodes
    → Headache, Fatigue and Malaise
Adenoviruses: COMMON COLD
             Pharyngoconjunctical
             Fever
             -The Adenovirus
Viruses To CAUSE CANCER!

Oncolytic Viruses
  -HTLV-1
  - Causes Leukemia
  -Infects T-Lymphocytes leading to
uncontrolled proliferation
Virus to cure Virus

HHP-6 Versus HIV-1
  -Replication of HIV can be suppressed by a
co-infection of HHP-6
  -Protects Dendric Cells from HIV infection
  -Ultimately slows down the AIDS
Virus to cure Virus

            HHP-6 Versus HIV-
            1
            -HIV (green)
            budding from a T-
            lymphocyte
Conclusion
References

Dishon hiebner


-Ablashi, D. V., S. Marsh, M. Kaplan, J. E. Whitman, and G. R. Pearson. 1998. HHV-6 infection in HIV-infected
     asymptomatic and AIDS patients. Intervirology 41:1–9.

-Alemany, R, Balagué, C and Curiel, DT (2000). Replicative adenoviruses for cancer therapy. Nat Biotechnol 18: 723–
     727.

Ayesha Gardee

-Curiel, DT (2000). The development of conditionally replicative adenoviruses for cancer therapy. Clin Cancer Res 6:
     3395–3399.

-Deitch, M.D., Edwin A. (1990). Bacterial Translocation of the Gut Flora. Journal of Trauma-Injury Infection & Critical
     Care.30,184.

Yusuf Dhaler

-Fooks, L.J., Gibson, G.R. (2002). Probiotics as modulators of the gut flora. British Journal of Nutrition. 88, 39-49.

-Francisco, G., Juan, R.M. (2003). Gut flora in health and disease.The Lancet.361,512-519.
References

Michael Freeman

-Fuller, R. (1989). Probiotics in man and animals. Journal of Applied Microbiology.66, 365- 378.

-Gallo RC. The discovery of the first human retrovirus: HTLV-1 and HTLV-2. Retrovirology. Mar 2 2005;2:17.

Daniel Klonaros

-Paul, B.E., Elisabeth, M.B., Charles, N.B., Elizabeth P., Les, D., Michael, S., Steven, R.G., Karen E.N. and David A.R.
     (2005). Diversity of the Human Intestinal Microbial Flora. Science.308, 1635-1638.

-Russell KL, Broderic MP, Franklin SE, et al. Transmission dynamics and prospective environmental sampling of
    adenovirus in a military recruit setting. J Infect Dis. 2006;194:877–85. in this issue.

Hamzeh Majiet

-Samuel, B.S.; et al (2009).Genomic and metabolic adaptions of Methanobrevibactersmithii to the human gut.Center for
    genome sciences and genome sequencing center, UnitéMixte de Recherche 6098, Centre National de la
    RechercheScientifique, Universités.

-Solheim, M., Aakra, A., Snipen, L.G., Brede, D.G., Nes, I.F. (2009) Comparitive genomics of Enterococcus faecalisfrom
     healthy Norwegian infants.BMC Genomics(10:194) pages 1-11.
References

Yusuf Saboor

-Van Regenmortel MHV, Fauquet CM, Bishop DHL, Carstens EB, Estes MK, Lemon SM, Maniloff J, Mayo MA, McGeoch
     DJ, Pringle CR, Wickner RB. 7th Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. San Diego ,
     Academic Press; 2000.

-Van den Berg MM, Benninga MA, Di Lorenzo C. (2006). Epidemiology of childhood constipation: a systematic
     review. Am J Gastroenterol. 101:2401-2409.

Farnaaz Khan

-Wilhelm, H.H., Petra, H., Johannes, S., Ulrich, S., Jos, H.J., Huis, V. (1998). Overview of gut flora and probiotics.
    International Journal of Food Microbiology. 41, 85-101.

-Yamamoto, M (2004). Conditionally replicative adenovirus for gastrointestinal cancers. Expert Opin Biol Ther 4: 1241–
    1250.

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Microbiology: Human - Microbe Interactions

  • 1. Human - Microbe Interactions
  • 2. Human - Microbe Interactions  Microbes are dependent on environmental conditions for survival.  Microbes make use of the human body as its ecological environment.  Microbes accumulate over time immediately after birth by simple environmental interactions.
  • 3. Beneficial Bacteria  Bifidobacteria are vital for: - The acidogenic bacteria in the intestinal tract of breast-fed infants. - Modulation of immune responses.
  • 4. Beneficial Bacteria Bifidobacteria are vital for: -Inhibiting pathogens from colonizing gut mucosa. - Breaking down of foods and the intake of nutrients into the body.
  • 5. Beneficial Bacteria  Lactobacilli are involved in: - Digestion - Nutrient absorption - Anti - tumor properties - Vitamin production
  • 6. Probiotics Development Reduction in Synthesis of of mucousal pH of bowel vitamins barrier Immune Production of Metabolism system short- chain of bile acids activation fatty acids
  • 7. Pathogenic Bacteria Enterococcus faecalis - Found in the intestinal tract. - Most commonly causes urinary tract infections. - Epidermal parasitic skin diseases. - Antibiotic resistant.
  • 8. Beneficial Archaea Methanobrevibacter Smithii -Digestion of polysaccharides. - Consume methane. -Efficient energy production from fermented nutrients. -Combat obesity.
  • 9. Viral Interaction With Humans Viruses -Obligate cellular parasites - Survival is entirely dependant on the cellular system they parasitize -Associated with being mostly pathogenic -Also have potential beneficial relationships with humans
  • 10. Viruses To CURE CANCER! Oncolytic Virotherapy -1912, Regression of cervical cancer after being treated with Rabies vaccine - Genetically modified Adenovirus injected in tumors to cause oncolysis -Combination techniques are used to overcome challeges
  • 11. Viruses To CURE CANCER! Oncolytic Virotherapy -The Modified Adenovirus Lysing Tumor Cells
  • 12. Adenoviruses: COMMON COLD Pharyngoconjunctical Fever -Adenovirus Infection - Symptoms Include; → High Fever → Pharyngitis and Enlargement of Lymph Nodes → Headache, Fatigue and Malaise
  • 13. Adenoviruses: COMMON COLD Pharyngoconjunctical Fever -The Adenovirus
  • 14. Viruses To CAUSE CANCER! Oncolytic Viruses -HTLV-1 - Causes Leukemia -Infects T-Lymphocytes leading to uncontrolled proliferation
  • 15. Virus to cure Virus HHP-6 Versus HIV-1 -Replication of HIV can be suppressed by a co-infection of HHP-6 -Protects Dendric Cells from HIV infection -Ultimately slows down the AIDS
  • 16. Virus to cure Virus HHP-6 Versus HIV- 1 -HIV (green) budding from a T- lymphocyte
  • 18. References Dishon hiebner -Ablashi, D. V., S. Marsh, M. Kaplan, J. E. Whitman, and G. R. Pearson. 1998. HHV-6 infection in HIV-infected asymptomatic and AIDS patients. Intervirology 41:1–9. -Alemany, R, Balagué, C and Curiel, DT (2000). Replicative adenoviruses for cancer therapy. Nat Biotechnol 18: 723– 727. Ayesha Gardee -Curiel, DT (2000). The development of conditionally replicative adenoviruses for cancer therapy. Clin Cancer Res 6: 3395–3399. -Deitch, M.D., Edwin A. (1990). Bacterial Translocation of the Gut Flora. Journal of Trauma-Injury Infection & Critical Care.30,184. Yusuf Dhaler -Fooks, L.J., Gibson, G.R. (2002). Probiotics as modulators of the gut flora. British Journal of Nutrition. 88, 39-49. -Francisco, G., Juan, R.M. (2003). Gut flora in health and disease.The Lancet.361,512-519.
  • 19. References Michael Freeman -Fuller, R. (1989). Probiotics in man and animals. Journal of Applied Microbiology.66, 365- 378. -Gallo RC. The discovery of the first human retrovirus: HTLV-1 and HTLV-2. Retrovirology. Mar 2 2005;2:17. Daniel Klonaros -Paul, B.E., Elisabeth, M.B., Charles, N.B., Elizabeth P., Les, D., Michael, S., Steven, R.G., Karen E.N. and David A.R. (2005). Diversity of the Human Intestinal Microbial Flora. Science.308, 1635-1638. -Russell KL, Broderic MP, Franklin SE, et al. Transmission dynamics and prospective environmental sampling of adenovirus in a military recruit setting. J Infect Dis. 2006;194:877–85. in this issue. Hamzeh Majiet -Samuel, B.S.; et al (2009).Genomic and metabolic adaptions of Methanobrevibactersmithii to the human gut.Center for genome sciences and genome sequencing center, UnitéMixte de Recherche 6098, Centre National de la RechercheScientifique, Universités. -Solheim, M., Aakra, A., Snipen, L.G., Brede, D.G., Nes, I.F. (2009) Comparitive genomics of Enterococcus faecalisfrom healthy Norwegian infants.BMC Genomics(10:194) pages 1-11.
  • 20. References Yusuf Saboor -Van Regenmortel MHV, Fauquet CM, Bishop DHL, Carstens EB, Estes MK, Lemon SM, Maniloff J, Mayo MA, McGeoch DJ, Pringle CR, Wickner RB. 7th Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. San Diego , Academic Press; 2000. -Van den Berg MM, Benninga MA, Di Lorenzo C. (2006). Epidemiology of childhood constipation: a systematic review. Am J Gastroenterol. 101:2401-2409. Farnaaz Khan -Wilhelm, H.H., Petra, H., Johannes, S., Ulrich, S., Jos, H.J., Huis, V. (1998). Overview of gut flora and probiotics. International Journal of Food Microbiology. 41, 85-101. -Yamamoto, M (2004). Conditionally replicative adenovirus for gastrointestinal cancers. Expert Opin Biol Ther 4: 1241– 1250.