Final osmosis summary
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This document summarizes an experiment observing osmosis and selective transport across lipid membranes. The experiment involved fusing aqueous droplets containing lipid solutions to form bilayers, and observing how the bilayers influenced the transport of water and dyes between the droplets. Dye-filled vesicles were placed near bilayers, and fluorescence resonance energy transfer showed the dyes passed between some molecules but not across the selectively permeable bilayers. The results demonstrated how the composition of membranes affects the rates of water and molecule transport, with applications for understanding and treating lipid-related diseases.
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Membranes selectively allow the passage of certain components while retaining others due to selective transport mechanisms. An example is osmosis, where solvent molecules pass through a partially permeable membrane to equalize solute concentrations. The purpose of this lab was to investigate how lipid membrane composition affects osmosis and selective transport rates using droplet interface bilayers. Water passed by osmosis between vesicles with different solute concentrations, and selective permeability was observed as dye molecules passed through some membranes but not polymers. Transport rates depended on membrane composition as observed with osmolytes and dyes inserted into lipid bilayers.
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This lab experiment investigated the relationship between lipid membrane composition and osmosis or selective transport rates using droplet interface bilayers (DIBs). Lipid monolayers formed around aqueous droplets plunged in hexadecane, merging to create a lipid bilayer membrane between droplets. Water passed through membranes from less concentrated to more concentrated droplets by osmosis. Dye molecules were selectively transported through some membranes but not others depending on membrane composition, observed using fluorescence microscopy as the dye molecules excited under laser light. The results showed how transport rates of molecules like water and dyes depend on membrane composition, with applications to disease treatment and bioengineering.
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This lab experiment investigated the relationship between lipid membrane composition and osmosis or selective transport rates using droplet interface bilayers (DIBs). Lipid monolayers formed around aqueous droplets plunged in hexadecane, merging to create bilayers between droplets. Water passed through bilayers by osmosis from less concentrated to more concentrated vesicles. Dye molecules were selectively transported between resorufin-dyed vesicles and other vesicles through bilayers, as observed under fluorescence microscopy when excited by a laser. The experiment demonstrated controlled transport rates through bilayers by altering lipid composition, with applications to disease treatment and bioengineering.
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This lab experiment investigated the relationship between lipid membrane composition and osmosis or selective transport rates using droplet interface bilayers (DIBs). Lipid monolayers formed around aqueous droplets plunged in hexadecane, merging to create a lipid bilayer membrane between droplets. When concentrated B vesicles were used, water passed through this membrane into more dilute A vesicles via osmosis. Dye molecules also passed selectively between resorufin-dyed vesicles and A vesicles depending on membrane composition. Observing transport rates of water and molecules with different membrane compositions could apply to curing diseases by engineering lipid absorption properties, or creating bio batteries and light receptors.
Cell Transport
The document discusses various processes of cell transport, including passive transport mechanisms like diffusion and osmosis that move materials across the cell membrane towards equilibrium without energy usage, as well as active transport processes like endocytosis, exocytosis, and facilitated diffusion that move materials against concentration gradients by using energy. It introduces key terms related to cell transport and membrane structure, and outlines the different needs that must be met to maintain homeostasis within the cell.
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The document discusses diffusion and osmosis. It defines diffusion as the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration down a gradient. Osmosis is defined as the specific movement of water molecules through a partially permeable membrane from an area of high water potential to low water potential. The document provides examples of osmosis in plant and animal cells and explains how osmosis allows plant cells to become turgid or plasmolyzed depending on the direction of water flow. Active transport is also introduced as the movement of molecules against a concentration gradient.
Transport Across Membranes
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Diffusion and osmosis are important transport processes in living cells. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration. Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to lower. When a red blood cell is placed in distilled water, osmosis causes water to enter the cell, making it swell and burst due to the higher water concentration outside. These processes allow cells to exchange gases, take in nutrients and water, and eliminate waste, which is essential for maintaining homeostasis.
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Membranes selectively allow the passage of certain components while retaining others due to selective transport mechanisms. An example is osmosis, where solvent molecules pass through a partially permeable membrane to equalize solute concentrations. The purpose of this lab was to investigate how lipid membrane composition affects osmosis and selective transport rates using droplet interface bilayers. Water passed by osmosis between vesicles with different solute concentrations, and selective permeability was observed as dye molecules passed through some membranes but not polymers. Transport rates depended on membrane composition as observed with osmolytes and dyes inserted into lipid bilayers.
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This lab experiment investigated the relationship between lipid membrane composition and osmosis or selective transport rates using droplet interface bilayers (DIBs). Lipid monolayers formed around aqueous droplets plunged in hexadecane, merging to create a lipid bilayer membrane between droplets. Water passed through membranes from less concentrated to more concentrated droplets by osmosis. Dye molecules were selectively transported through some membranes but not others depending on membrane composition, observed using fluorescence microscopy as the dye molecules excited under laser light. The results showed how transport rates of molecules like water and dyes depend on membrane composition, with applications to disease treatment and bioengineering.
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This lab experiment investigated the relationship between lipid membrane composition and osmosis or selective transport rates using droplet interface bilayers (DIBs). Lipid monolayers formed around aqueous droplets plunged in hexadecane, merging to create bilayers between droplets. Water passed through bilayers by osmosis from less concentrated to more concentrated vesicles. Dye molecules were selectively transported between resorufin-dyed vesicles and other vesicles through bilayers, as observed under fluorescence microscopy when excited by a laser. The experiment demonstrated controlled transport rates through bilayers by altering lipid composition, with applications to disease treatment and bioengineering.
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Membranes allow selective transport of molecules across them. There are three main types of transport:
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The document discusses different types of membranes and their properties. It defines osmosis as the net movement of water molecules from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration through a semi-permeable membrane. When a plant cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, the process of plasmolysis occurs, where the cell contents shrink and pull away from the cell wall as water leaves the cell. Active transport is defined as the movement of molecules against their concentration gradient, which requires energy.
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The document discusses cellular transport and the cell membrane. It explains that the cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell to maintain homeostasis. There are two main types of transport - passive transport which doesn't require energy, and active transport which does. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis. Active transport uses protein pumps and transports molecules against their concentration gradient.
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Diffusion is the net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration due to random particle movement, and it is a passive process that requires no energy. Substances diffuse across partially permeable cell membranes to enter or exit cells, and all cells rely on diffusion to obtain raw materials and remove waste products for functions like respiration and photosynthesis. Osmosis is a type of diffusion where only water moves across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to lower.
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Transport mechanism
This document discusses different types of transport mechanisms in cells. There are two main types: passive transport, which moves materials down their concentration gradient without cellular energy expenditure, and active transport, which moves materials against their concentration gradient using cellular energy. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis. Osmosis specifically refers to the diffusion of water molecules through a semipermeable membrane down its concentration gradient. Active transport requires ATP and includes endocytosis, exocytosis, and transport across membranes via carrier proteins.
Passive transport
Membranes allow selective transport of molecules across them. There are three main types of transport:
1) Diffusion is the passive movement of particles down a concentration gradient without needing energy. It occurs through the phospholipid bilayer or using carrier proteins.
2) Facilitated diffusion also moves molecules passively down a concentration gradient but uses carrier proteins to transport molecules that cannot diffuse through the bilayer.
3) Osmosis is the passive movement of water molecules from low to high solute concentration areas since water can pass through membranes but solute particles cannot to equalize concentrations.
Cellular Transport
Cellular transport requires both passive and active mechanisms. Passive transport includes diffusion and osmosis, which move substances according to concentration gradients without energy input. Active transport moves substances against concentration gradients and requires ATP. Examples of active transport are endocytosis, which moves materials into the cell, and exocytosis, which moves materials out of the cell.
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This document discusses key concepts about cell membranes and transport. It explains that cell membranes are semi-permeable and regulate movement of molecules in and out of cells. Small molecules can pass through via diffusion down their concentration gradient, while larger molecules require channel proteins. Water transport occurs via osmosis. The direction of osmosis depends on the solution concentrations inside and outside the cell. Active transport requires energy and moves molecules against their concentration gradient.
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This document discusses cell membrane transport mechanisms. It begins by outlining the key topics to be covered, including the importance of cell membranes, types of transport mechanisms, and details on active and primary/secondary active transport. It then provides information on the structure of the cell membrane, including the lipid bilayer and membrane proteins. Various types of membrane transport mechanisms are defined, such as simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, and vesicular transport processes like endocytosis and exocytosis. Factors influencing diffusion rates and osmotic concepts like tonicity are also examined.
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The cell membrane controls what enters and exits cells. It is a double layer of lipids and embedded proteins. There are three main types of transport across the membrane - passive transport via diffusion and osmosis, and active transport which requires energy. Osmosis is the diffusion of water across the membrane towards a higher solute concentration until equilibrium is reached. Active transport moves substances against their concentration gradient by using energy from ATP.
Passive transport
Passive transport allows substances to cross the cell membrane without expending energy. There are three main types of passive transport: diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration. Osmosis is the diffusion of water across the cell membrane and is dependent on solute concentrations inside and outside the cell. Facilitated diffusion uses carrier and channel proteins to transport molecules that cannot diffuse directly through the membrane down their concentration gradient.
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Passive Transport
Passive transport across the plasma membrane can occur through simple diffusion of molecules like water, or through transport proteins. Transport proteins include channel proteins that form channels for molecules to pass through simultaneously without energy input, and carrier proteins that bind molecules and change shape to transport them one by one against the concentration gradient through facilitated diffusion, requiring no energy from the cell. All of these examples of passive transport rely on molecular movement down a concentration gradient without cellular energy input.
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The cell membrane is made up of a phospholipid bilayer only 7nm wide. Phospholipids have a hydrophilic phosphate head and hydrophobic fatty acid tails which allow them to spontaneously form a bilayer in water with heads facing out and tails inside. The membrane also contains proteins, which early models incorrectly thought layered on top of the phospholipids but are now known to float within the fluid bilayer. The fluid mosaic model describes the current understanding of the membrane with proteins and phospholipids forming a flexible yet selective barrier.
Plasma membrane
The plasma membrane is a selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cell. It is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. The fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane structure, with integral and peripheral proteins embedded within or attached to the phospholipid bilayer. The plasma membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell through diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, active transport, endocytosis, and exocytosis. It also contains proteins that act as carriers, channels, pumps, receptors, enzymes, and adhesion molecules that perform important cell functions.
Biopharmaceutics lecture 2(2)
The document discusses various mechanisms of drug transport across biomembranes in the gastrointestinal tract. The major pathways include paracellular transport between cells and transcellular transport across cells. Transcellular transport can occur through passive diffusion, carrier-mediated transport, active transport, facilitated transport, and endocytosis. Efflux transporters like P-glycoprotein can also pump drugs back into the gut lumen, reducing their oral bioavailability.
Biopharmaceutics lecture 2
The document summarizes several mechanisms by which drugs can be transported across biomembranes in the gastrointestinal tract, including passive diffusion, carrier-mediated transport, active transport, facilitated transport, endocytosis, and efflux. The major pathways are transcellular, which involves transport across cells, and paracellular, which is between cells. Factors like a drug's physicochemical properties and the membrane characteristics influence which mechanisms are involved in its absorption.
The plasma membrane and material transport
The plasma membrane maintains the internal environment of cells through selective permeability. It is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded and attached proteins. Molecules move across the membrane via diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, active transport, and endocytosis/exocytosis. These processes allow for the exchange of materials while maintaining different internal and external compositions.
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BIOLOGY FORM 4 CHAPTER 3 - MOVEMENT OF SUBSTANCES ACROSS THE PLASMA MEMBRANE
BIOLOGY FORM 4 CHAPTER 3 - MOVEMENT OF SUBSTANCES ACROSS THE PLASMA MEMBRANE
Topic : Membrane transport: Transport of water, ion and biomolecules
Topic : Membrane transport: Transport of water, ion and biomolecules
More from javierzavala1995
Reflective essay biology class
1) The author entered a summer program for science students called Rise that allowed them to gain experience as a researcher. They took a General Biology course with lab and met other talented students with similar goals.
2) The General Biology course was more difficult than the author's previous high school biology class due to better lab equipment in college. The class included field trips to tropical forests in Puerto Rico and presenting a research proposal.
3) Overall, the summer was a good learning and fun experience that gave the author a taste of college life before starting their freshman year and prepared them for future science courses and a career as a researcher.
Argumentative essay
College provides important educational and life experiences beyond just career preparation. It teaches students about different subjects that help them communicate and learn about various topics. Certain classes like humanities and acting help students develop confidence and abilities to debate in front of others. Overall, college educates people to be better contributors to society and allows them to discover themselves. It can also entertain students by giving them confidence that they are doing meaningful work that can help people in the future.
Phage presentation spring 2014-2
Two novel mycobacteriophages were isolated from a soil sample collected in Puerto Rico. One bacteriophage, named Nitidusvenutus, was found near cow feces in Gurabo, Puerto Rico. Based on its clear plaques, Nitidusvenutus is assumed to have a lytic life cycle. Future plans include isolating the DNA of Nitidusvenutus and conducting bioinformatics analyses and sequencing.
Phage hunters 2014 (2)
The document discusses a RISE program project on bacteriophages. It presents the students involved and their professors. It provides background on bacteriophages and describes strategies for locating and isolating new phages in Puerto Rico. Samples were collected from various environments and 10 isolated phages were identified. Future work involves characterizing the phages through electron microscopy and genetic sequencing. The students thank various supporters of the program.
Final research paper
The document describes an experiment conducted by Lizbeth Pérez Castro and Javier Zavala Ayala to isolate a novel bacteriophage from soil samples collected in Puerto Rico. Soil samples were collected and enriched with bacterial hosts, then filtered and purified through multiple rounds of plating and streaking. A novel mycobacteriophage was successfully isolated from a soil sample collected near cow feces. The isolated phage, termed Nitidusvenutus, was then characterized through proteomic analysis, electron microscopy, and genomic DNA extraction and analysis.
Final nanoparticles summary
Proteins perform many functions in living organisms and differ based on their amino acid sequence. Affinity chromatography uses the interaction between proteins and ligands to separate proteins, and magnetic nanoparticles can be used to make this process faster and more efficient. In this experiment, magnetic nanoparticles were prepared and bound to tissue plasminogen activator to isolate it using affinity chromatography, washing and eluting steps. Absorbance readings would then indicate if proteins were successfully isolated.
Final coliphages summary
This document discusses water sampling and testing methods to identify pathogens in drinking water. It describes how the coliphage method uses E. coli bacteria and water samples to detect the presence of coliphages, which can indicate fecal contamination. This quick and inexpensive test allows scientists to identify pathogens in water and determine which water sources are clean for public use. The coliphage method helps reduce water-related infections by detecting potentially harmful bacteria and viruses.
Final microscopy summary
The document discusses different types of microscopes and their uses. It explains that the microscope was invented by Robert Hooke and is an important tool for research scientists. Different microscopes like bright-field, phase contrast, and electron microscopes provide different views of samples and are used to observe small organisms and structures. The document concludes that microscopes have been critical to discoveries in science by allowing observation of microorganisms, cell structures, and small components of living things.
Final nanotechnology summary
Nanotechnology involves manipulating objects at the nanoscale, or 10-9 meters. It has existed for thousands of years but recent scientific advances have allowed for more control over nanotechnology. Some benefits include increased surface area and faster chemical reactions. Scientists now use nanoparticles to target medicine delivery to tumors and reduce risks of chemotherapy. The document describes electrospinning, a process using electrical charge to draw very fine fibers from liquid, and sputtering, which ejects atoms from a solid target through bombardment, allowing deposition of thin films. Both are important nanotechnology techniques.
Final dna summary
DNA barcoding uses mitochondrial DNA to identify unknown species by comparing DNA sequences to a reference database of known species. The workshop demonstrated DNA barcoding techniques like extracting and sequencing mitochondrial DNA from fish samples. While a useful identification tool, DNA barcoding must be supplemented with taxonomic observation to avoid misclassification, as two species can share the same mitochondrial DNA. The workshop also covered proteomics to identify active enzymes in samples and construct evolutionary trees, helping classify species. Participants learned about DNA barcoding, proteomics, and one researcher's work identifying rare worm species.
Curriculum vitae
Javier Zavala Ayala graduated from Colegio Catolico Notre Dame high school in 2013 and received his Bachelor of Science in Biology from the University of Puerto Rico at Cayey in 2017. During his studies, he took courses in biology, botany, and scientific literature and conducted research projects on stem cells and a total artificial heart. His laboratory skills include streak plating, gel electrophoresis, DNA fingerprinting, and microscopy. He is proficient in Spanish and English and has leadership, teamwork, flexibility, and coaching skills.
Annotated bibliographies
The document contains summaries of four sources that discuss total artificial hearts and their use as alternatives to heart transplants. The sources discuss:
1) A case study of a patient who underwent strength and endurance training while supported by a total artificial heart, finding benefits to oxygen consumption and recovery.
2) Details of the SynCardia total artificial heart including its pneumatic design, FDA approval, use for bridge to transplantation, and over 1,100 successful implants.
3) Ongoing investigations examining platelet reactivity, flow characteristics, and modeling of the total artificial heart.
4) Experience with over 100 total artificial heart implants, showing a 69% survival rate to transplantation and the artificial heart functioning for
Annotated bibliographies
The document contains summaries of four sources that discuss total artificial hearts and their use as alternatives to heart transplants.
The first source discusses a case study of a patient who underwent strength and endurance training while supported by a total artificial heart. The patient experienced increased oxygen consumption and improved recovery after exercise, demonstrating the benefits of peripheral adaptations.
The second source summarizes studies on the SynCardia total artificial heart, the only FDA-approved artificial heart. It is pneumatically powered and has been successfully implanted in over 1,100 patients as a bridge to heart transplantation. Research aims to develop a smaller pediatric version.
The third source examines platelet reactivity, fluid dynamics, and modeling of the SynCardia artificial
Total artificial heart review paper
This document discusses total artificial hearts (TAHs) which are mechanical pumps that replace both ventricles of the heart. TAHs serve as a bridge to heart transplantation for patients with end-stage heart failure who are waiting for donor organs. The document reviews the history of TAH development, results from clinical trials of different TAH models, and future aims to develop smaller, more durable artificial hearts. It concludes that TAHs have significantly improved survival for patients with advanced heart failure by providing long-term circulatory support for over 16 years in some cases while they await transplantation.
4rth seminar reflection
The nervous system is divided into two parts: the central nervous system, which lacks the ability to regenerate, and the peripheral nervous system, whose neurons can regenerate in adult vertebrates. The central nervous system is inhibited from regenerating by factors in its environment, lack of growth factors, and low cyclic AMP levels. Researchers aim to develop a genetically manipulable model using C. elegans, which has an identifiable nervous system, to identify molecules that regulate axon regeneration and potentially enable future central nervous system regeneration to help those with spinal cord injuries or neuron damage.
3rd seminar reflection
This seminar discussed how LPIN1 regulates adrenal cortex function by controlling the enzyme diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) through protein kinase A (PKA). Adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulates cortisol secretion by activating adenylyl cyclase and increasing cyclic AMP levels, which activates PKA. PKA then regulates DGK, which phosphorylates diacylglycerol to produce phosphatidic acid that binds the steroidogenic factor 1 to enhance cortisol production. Research found that mutations in the gene encoding LPIN1 cause fatty liver dystrophy in mice, and LPIN1 acts as a phosphatidic acid phosphatase enzyme that may contribute to regulating hormones
1st seminar reflection
The document discusses research into labeling and investigating the complex cell wall of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) using unnatural metabolic sugars. Scientists were able to label a trehalose glycolipid called TreAz, enabling them to better understand metabolic pathways and glycolipid distribution among mycobacteria. This research seeks to fully map the elements that make up the Mtb cell wall, which acts as a barrier against antibiotics and contributes to Mtb's dangerous nature. Understanding the cell wall is an important first step toward curing tuberculosis.
2nd seminar reflection
Entscheidungsproblem consists of a challenge to find an algorithm that takes a mathematical statement as input and outputs whether it is true or false. Alan Turing proposed to settle this problem by incorporating basic math into machines. Turing created a Turing machine, a finite program that uses symbols on tape according to rules, to partially solve computable functions. Turing showed that halting made it impossible to fully solve Hilbert's Entscheidungsproblem and contributed to code breaking during World War II. His work formed the basis of modern computer systems.
3rd annotated biblography
A patient with a total artificial heart underwent a strength and endurance training program which was evaluated through repeated exercise tests. The tests showed an increase in oxygen consumption and improved recovery for the patient, demonstrating the benefits of peripheral adaptations to exercise even with an artificial heart. Studying this patient in isolation allowed researchers to separate the effects of peripheral versus cardiac adaptations, providing novel insights into the benefits of exercise.
2nd annotated biblography
More than 100 patients received total artificial heart implants as a bridge to transplantation, recovery, or destination therapy alternative to transplantation. The SynCardia artificial heart has effectively bridged patients to transplantation, with a 69% survival rate to transplantation observed. While artificial hearts can function for up to 16 years, some patients have contraindications like morbidity that prevent transplantation. The artificial heart is an option for patients who do not qualify for other assist devices like left ventricular assist devices.
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Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
Bob Reedy - Nitrate in Texas Groundwater.pdf
Presented at June 6-7 Texas Alliance of Groundwater Districts Business Meeting
Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
Or: Beyond linear.
Abstract: Equivariant neural networks are neural networks that incorporate symmetries. The nonlinear activation functions in these networks result in interesting nonlinear equivariant maps between simple representations, and motivate the key player of this talk: piecewise linear representation theory.
Disclaimer: No one is perfect, so please mind that there might be mistakes and typos.
dtubbenhauer@gmail.com
Corrected slides: dtubbenhauer.com/talks.html
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...
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11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/如何办理(uvic毕业证书)维多利亚大学毕业证本科学位证书原版一模一样
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2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
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Evaporation step counter work. I have done a physical experiment.
(Work in progress.)
THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST(TAT) cognitive abilities, creativity, and critic...
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hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skills原版制作(carleton毕业证书)卡尔顿大学毕业证硕士文凭原版一模一样
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3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
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The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
3D Hybrid PIC simulation of the plasma expansion (ISSS-14)
3D Particle-In-Cell (PIC) algorithm,
Plasma expansion in the dipole magnetic field.
Shallowest Oil Discovery of Turkiye.pptx
The Petroleum System of the Çukurova Field - the Shallowest Oil Discovery of Türkiye, Adana
bordetella pertussis.................................ppt
Bordettela is a gram negative cocobacilli spread by air born drop let
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...
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Aleš Zamuda: Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intelligent Systems.
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/Phenomics assisted breeding in crop improvement
As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate
change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
the complex characteristics of multiple gene, owing to a lack of crop phenotypic data. Efficient, automatic, and accurate technologies and platforms that can capture phenotypic data that can
be linked to genomics information for crop improvement at all growth stages have become as important as genotyping. Thus,
high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes
during crop growing stages at the organism level, including the cell, tissue, organ, individual plant, plot, and field levels. With the rapid development of novel sensors, imaging technology,
and analysis methods, numerous infrastructure platforms have been developed for phenotyping.
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Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
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Final osmosis summary
- 1. 4rth Summary- Experiments with Membranes, Osmosis& Selective Transport Dr. Matt Holden March 29, 2014 Osmosis is the spontaneous net movement of solvent molecules through a partially permeable membrane into a region of higher solute concentration, in the direction that tends to equalize the solute concentrations on the two sides. It is also a physical process in which any solvent moves across a semipermeable membrane separating two solutions of different concentrations. Cell membranes are impermeable to large and polar molecules, such as ions, proteins, and polysaccharides. They are permeable to non-polar and/or hydrophobic molecules like lipids as well as to small molecules like oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and nitric oxide. Cell membranes consist of the phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. In this lab we observed the relationship between lipid membrane and osmosis or transport. In order to observe this, we put two aqueous droplets of lipid solution in oil, and after a few minutes we saw the pairs of droplets rolling together and forming a lipid bilayer. We did this to observe how the membrane influences transport of water and other substances. When the membrane fused some of the droplets broke while others formed a bilayer and osmosis occurred. The second part of the experiment consisted of creating more lipid bilayers between A vesicles and resorufin dyed vesicles, which must be amphipathic so that the dye can pass from one molecule to another. After the DIBs are formed, a diffuser is placed on top of the chip containing the DIBs to diffract the light for better quality of the image. Then, the DIBs are illuminated using a laser pointer, which excites the electrons in the dye when absorbing a photon. The excess energy is given off as heat or fluorescence light, and since the fluorescence concentration was high, residence energy transfer between molecules occurred. As a result, the membranes were selectively permeable because polimers in the membrane did not let the dye molecules pass. In this lab, transport rates of water and other molecules depending on the composition of membranes were observed as osmolytes and dyes were inserted into droplets of DIBs. This experiment can be applied to cure diseases related to lipids by changing its composition so it can either absorb more water or inhibit its water absorption. This experiment helps scientist to understand the influence the cell membrane has on transporting substances.