Raster graphics are digital images composed of pixels, while vector graphics use paths defined by points, lines, and curves. Common file formats include JPEG for photos, TIFF for professional photos, GIF for animations with a limited color palette, and BMP for lossless images. Vector formats include AI for logos, FLA for animations, and WMF for Windows logos. Compression reduces file sizes but can lower image quality, while optimization balances file size and quality for web viewing. Proper naming and organization of assets helps manage and locate graphics files.

1. Digital Graphics
File Formats
Georgina Whitelock

2. Raster Graphics
• Give a definition of Raster Graphics:
• Raster graphics are digital images created or captured (for
example, by scanning in a photo) as a set of samples in a given
space.

3. Vector Graphics
• Give a definition of Vector Graphics
• Vector Graphics are different from Raster graphics due to the fact
that instead of being made up of pixels they are instead composed
via paths which have a definitive start and end point.
• The path doesn’t have to be a straight forward for the start to end
there can be other points within as well such as angles and curves.
• Unlike with Raster graphics when an image is vector based it means
that the image can be upscaled to a larger image and there will be
no loss of quality, this is due to the fact that you the image doesn't
have set pixel parameters in a grid form. This is why when creating
logos it is more advisable to use vector graphics as a file format so
when you convert the logo from a billboard to business cards for
example the logo won't change and there will be no loss of quality.

4. Raster Graphics

5. JPEG
Stands For Joints Photographic Experts Group
Used For/Example Used in multiple image file formats, it’s the
most common format for storing and
transmitting photographic images.
Advantage The picture quality is reasonably high with
a small compression, the format is
compatible and it is displayed correctly
within any browser.
Disadvantage The image may begin to “fall apart” into
individual squares – 8×8 pixel blocks when
altered,the quality of the image also
decreases when compressed.

6. TIFF
Stands For Tagged Image File Format
Used For/Example TIFF files can be saved in a variety of colour
formats and in various forms of compression.
TIFFs use lossless compression to maintain
image integrity and clarity and are often used
for professional photography.
Advantage Uncompressed image retains maximum amount
of image data from the camera.
Disadvantage Large file sizes, around 20mb for a 10 megapixel
image, so larger storages devices needed for
long term use. Another point is that good
specification computer needed to process and
load images.

7. GIF
Stands For Graphics Interchange Format
Used For/Example GIF is a file extension for an often
animated raster graphics file and is the
second most common image format used
on the World Wide Web after JPEG.
Advantage Good for saving images with lots of flat,
solid colours and it supports animation.
Disadvantage It only supports up to 256 colours and
images may look very pixelated.

8. BMP
Stands For Bitmap Image File
Used For/Example It’s a raster graphics image file format used
to store bitmap digital images,
independently of the display device.
Advantage You don't lose the image quality when you
save and open an image/file several times
like JPEG files do.
Because BMP or bitmap use pixels to
display the image and colour within it
means that it can offer a realistic version
of the image using the format.
Disadvantage They can be very large, particularly if the
image contains a large number of colours.
Data compression can shrink the size of
pixel data, but the data must be expanded
before it can be used.

9. Vector Graphics

10. PSD
Stands For Photoshop Document
Used For/Example This format is mostly used for image
manipulation for example within front cover
images on magazines.
Advantage PSD files can handle simple vector layers,
making them more suitable for importing and
exporting data from programs like Adobe
Illustrator. PSD also supports masks, colour
profiles, alpha channels and spot colours.
Disadvantage PSD files tend to be extremely large, since these
lossless images use no compression. This
preserves all image information, but can make
the file itself unwieldy and difficult to email or
transfer

11. AI
Stands For Adobe Illustrator Art
Used For/Example This can often be used for the creation of logos
Advantage An advantage is it can be scaled either big or
small as Vectors don’t lose definition
Disadvantage The files can be difficult to share as certain
email programs, file-sharing systems, and other
transferring options don’t like to use AI files
because of their size.

12. FLA
Stands For Flash File
Used For/Example These files are often used to create animation
and games.
Advantage An advantage is it can produce high quality
files with a small file size as well as it being able
to include sound and video
Disadvantage Hard to create detailed animations and very
difficult to edit once created.Flash also doesn't
support GIF files.

13. WMF
Stands For Windows MetaFile
Used For/Example This is similar to AI files as it also tends to
be used for creating logos
Advantage An advantage is that it can contain both
vector and bitmap components.
Disadvantage This file is only available on windows
platforms so apple macs and others wont
be able to use them.

14. File Format Capture
and Optimising

15. Compression
Definition Compression is the reduction in the
file size which is caused reducing the
amount of information which is saved.
Advantage An advantage of this is that it reduces file
sizes and the amount of memory in which
the file requires.
Disadvantage A disadvantage is when compressed the
image can sometimes lose some of its
quality and appear more pixelated.

16. Image Capture
Method Scanner
How is it used for image capture of
graphics
A scanner is used to digitalise physical
images, such as a drawing being
digitalised into a photoshop document.
Method Camera
How is it used for image capture of
graphics
Light enters the lens of a camera and is
recorded by a sensor,this sensor then
records information for all the pixels which
then produces an image.
Method Graphics Tablet
How is it used for image capture of
graphics
Some tablets have the technology to allow
you to control a mouse like a pen mainly
for illustration purposes.

17. Optimising
Why would you optimise? Images that are uploaded to the internet
are optimised for easy viewing on the
web.
How can you optimise? You can optimise images by changing
the'Image Size' in Photoshop. To do this
you: reduce the image size, reducing the
bit depth, reducing the resolution and by
compressing the image.
Advantage to optimising An advantage to this is that you can
reduce the file size meaning it can
download faster and is quicker to view.
Disadvantage to optimising Optimising an image reduces the amount
of pixel information.

18. Storage

19. File Size
What could affect a Working Scale
(Photoshop) document file size?
The amount of layers and effects you
have on your PSD will greatly affect the
file size as the more layers you have the
bigger the file size will be.
How could you reduce the file size of a
Working Scale document without
affecting quality?
You can optimise however instead of
adjusting the height and width of the
image you will adjust the bit depth by
reducing it.
What is an advantage of scaling up images
before exporting?
Scaling up the image will produce a less
pixelated and a more softer image.
What is a disadvantage of scaling up
images before exporting?
It will increase the file size of the
document by quite a lot.

20. File Naming Conventions
What naming conventions could you use
when creating your video game assets?
You would name each file with a name
that is relevant to its purpose so that each
file is easily distinguishable from one
another, You would also name each layer
within the PSD(such as eyes, nose,
mouth) so you know which layer you are
meant to be working on.
Why is it a good idea to accurately name
your assets?
It’s a good idea so that you know which
asset is which without having to check
through each one until you find the one
that you are needing, it saves you a lot of
time in the future.

21. Asset Management
Why would you use folders when storing
your assets?
To keep all your assets organised so you
can access the one you need quicker
instead of scrolling through each different
files until you find the one you need.
What folders would you create and what
would you save within them
You could for example have a file called
'College' where you would keep all
your college work files, within that folder
you could have another folder called '
Photoshop' where you would keep all your
PSD files etc etc...