Raster graphics are made up of pixels arranged in a grid, so they can blur or distort when scaled up or down. Vector graphics use mathematical equations to describe points, lines, and shapes, so they always maintain quality regardless of size. Common file formats include JPEG for photos, GIF for animations, PNG for images on the web, TIFF for print work, AI for vector images, and PSD for layered Photoshop files. Proper file naming, organization, and compression help optimize files for storage and sharing while maintaining quality.

1. Digital Graphics
File Formats
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2. Raster Graphics
• Give a definition of Raster Graphics
Raster are graphics are made up of bitmaps.
Bitmaps are graphics made up of small pixels
however it records the colour in each pixel is
when you scale it up the picture blurs if you
scale up.
Distortion is caused by the bitmaps having a set
resolution which means when they are
stretched they get distorted.

3. Vector Graphics
• Give a definition of Vector Graphics
• Vectors are Vector graphics which are often made
up by points, lines, curves and shapes or Polygons
most of which are made up of mathematical
equations.
• They are used by them locating a start and end
point and then filling in the rest of the space with
the graphic as well as this they don’t distort or
blur when you size up the image or scale it down
meaning that the image will always stay the same
quality that it was intended to.

4. Raster Graphics

5. JPEG
Stands For Joint Photographic Experts Group
Used For/Example Photographs and Web formats.
Advantage Large Compression ratios = shorter file
transfer time.
Full-colour information
Good for Graphic work, Photographs and
other art work.
Disadvantage Loss of image quality
Sharp Edges tend to come out blurry
Longer page load than the GIF format.

6. TIFF
Stands For Tagged Image File Format
Used For/Example Desktop Publishing (Popular with graphic
Designers)
Advantage Uncompressed image retains maximum
amount of image data captured by the
camera.
It is recognized and compatible cross PC
and MAC.
Disadvantage Slow speeds when transferring them to an
online database and even then the
website or gallery has to support TIFF files.
You need a good computer with high specs
to render and process TIFF images.

7. GIF
Stands For Graphics interchange Format
Used For/Example Short digital animations often used for
humours effect on the internet.
Advantage Loss less compression meaning that no
quality is lost during compression
A GIF can be interlaced meaning that it
adds more layers of colour to itself and
makes it look better for the viewer.
Disadvantage Lower Level of transparency. GIF does not
provide full transparency
Image size. GIF’s are rather bulky and can
slow down websites dramatically.

8. BMP
Stands For Bitmap image file
Used For/Example Similar uses to TIFF and JPEG
Advantage No loss in compression
Can be easily created with previously
saved Data.
Pixels values maybe be changed
individually or as large groups.
Disadvantage Has a large file size which takes up a lot of
memory.
They do not scale well and often are very
distorted

9. Vector Graphics

10. PSD
Stands For Photoshop Document
Used For/Example PSD files are typically used to manipulate
images and to make things like magazines
and posters. The files are good because
they can save multiple layers swatches and
page formatting information.
Advantage PSD supports transparency so images can
be saved without a background. As well as
this PSD can save layers mean that it is
easier to go back and edit the file after it
has been closed.
Disadvantage PSD’s take up a lot of memory and can
easily make your system run out of space.
This is because they contain a lot of
information.

11. AI
Stands For Adobe Illustrator
Used For/Example Logo creation. Graphics to represent a
company.
Advantage Can be scaled big or small as these images
are vector based and have no loss in their
definition whether they are scaled big or
small. Another Advantage of using AI files
is that as they are a vector format they are
scalable/easily adjusted. Another
advantage is that it can be used widely as
AI files are the most advanced vector
format available.
Disadvantage It requires specialist equipment to be
viewed and therefore means it’s hard to
view it for people of computers that can’t
run or acquire this equipment. A
disadvantage for AI files is that newer

12. FLA
Stands For Flash File
Used For/Example Used to create animations and games.
Advantage FLA’s can produce high quality files with a
small file size.
They can also include sound and video.
They have the maximum compatibility for
web users. It is also preinstalled into macs
and PC’s so a lot of the time you won’t
have to find specialist equipment to play
flash files.
Disadvantage However once again it requires specialist
equipment to open this type of file. As
well as this if you make a flash document
you have to convert the file for use in the
future and you have to have a program to
run the file after exporting.

13. WMF
Stands For Windows Metafile
Used For/Example Similar to AI files. Used for logos
Advantage Can be scaled big and small as the vectors
have no loss in the definition of the image.
Can contain both vector and bitmap
components. They can also contain Vector
and Raster elements in one file. As well as
this WMF files natively contain undo
information which makes correcting things
easier.
Disadvantage WMF’s are only available on windows
platforms so they can only be generated or
opened on these systems (PC’s). Another
disadvantage would be the limitation
WMF files have. For example they can’t
have element grouping like layers or tree’s,
16-bit limitations and bad extensibility as

14. File Format Capture
and Optimising

15. Compression
Definition Lossy compression is when file sizes are
reduced by reducing the amount of
data/information which is saved.
Advantage An advantage to this is that it makes the
file size small which is good for uploading
to websites and means it doesn’t take up
as much memory.
Disadvantage Images will become more and more
pixelated the more they are compressed
as they save smaller amounts of colour per
square each time they are re-saved.

16. Image Capture
Method Scanner
How is it used for image capture of
graphics
You can scan in physical work and make it
digital and accessible on a computer
instead of it just being on paper for
example.
Method Camera
How is it used for image capture of
graphics
Taking pictures of anything you can see.
Method Graphics Tablet
How is it used for image capture of
graphics
A newer way of allowing you to
draw/select/digitally handwrite something
into a computer instead of typing it.

17. Optimising
Why would you optimise? I would optimize something so that it is
easier to view on the web.
How can you optimise? One way of optimizing is changing “image
size” in Photoshop. You can do this other
ways.
Advantage to optimising By optimizing it means you reduce the file
size which in turn means it is easier to
download.
Disadvantage to optimising The larger the file size the longer it takes
to upload/download

18. Storage

19. File Size
What could affect a Working Scale
(Photoshop) document file size?
Lots of layers and a big photo could make
the file bigger. But having less colours and
fewer layers and a smaller pictures could
make the file smaller.
How could you reduce the file size of a
Working Scale document without
affecting quality?
If you wanted to reduce the file size but
keep the quality you could optimize it. You
could also reduce the amount of colour
you are adding to the document.
What is an advantage of scaling up images
before exporting?
It would make them look better if they
were downscaled for a website.
What is a disadvantage of scaling up
images before exporting?
Larger file meaning that it would be harder
to upload to websites.

20. File Naming Conventions
What naming conventions could you use
when creating your video game assets?
• One thing I could do it date my files.
DD-MM-YYYY. This way I know what
day it was that I last edited the file.
• Another thing I could do is to name
them after specific things in the file so
if it is a graphic of a dog I could name it
dog.psd and then I would know what it
Why is it a good idea to accurately name
your assets?
It is a good idea to accurately name my
assets because it would make them easier
to locate in jumbled folders.

21. Asset Management
Why would you use folders when storing
your assets?
It would be easier to locate files and
images. If needed for quick use.
What folders would you create and what
would you save within them
• I would use folders corresponding to
the type of document for Example:
Photoshop files, AI files and Flash files. I
would have use these all to make sure I
could find the corresponding files in
these folders. As well as this I might
have a Images folder as it would help to
contain all images in one folder as it
would help with my media bin in
Photoshop.