The document summarizes the findings of a field study conducted in Nepal's Koshi river basin to understand the impacts of climate change and disasters. Key findings include increased temperatures, changes in crop production, more frequent disasters, and shifts in wildlife habitats. Communities reported impacts on livelihoods and concerns about climate trends. Next steps proposed include awareness campaigns, community-based disaster management, developing early warning systems, and building community resilience.
Presentation made to the public representatives (TRS Party - CM, Ministers, Parliamentarians and MLCs) of Telangana state on 2nd May 2015 at Nagarjuna Saggar
Presentation made to the public representatives (TRS Party - CM, Ministers, Parliamentarians and MLCs) of Telangana state on 2nd May 2015 at Nagarjuna Saggar
Gender equity implies the possibility of different treatments to correct inherent inequalities and measures which, while not necessarily the same, result in equality in terms of rights, benefits, obligations and opportunities. Gender equality signifies that there is no discrimination based on the sex of the person in the allocation of resources or benefits or in access to services mitigate and adapt to climate change, but also the wish to promote gender equity and equality while these people are doing that work.
These views underlie the reflections and proposals presented in this Guide: • Climate change presents new challenges to achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs);
• Climate change is a problem of development and, as such, is affected by two characteristics: inequality and poverty;
• Climate change has numerous causes and effects and must therefore be approached by numerous sectors, stakeholders and disciplines;
• While needs are global, they are more urgent and dramatic for societies living in conditions of greatest inequality and vulnerability;
• In order to fight climate change as effectively as possible, consideration must be given to the gender-specific effects of climate change
This Resource Guide on Gender and Climate Change presents principal conceptual and methodological advances on gender relations in the context of climate change, with the overall objective of providing guidelines for actors, practitioners and consumers in this relatively new programme area. It has been prepared through research, analyses and combinations of international frameworks, conceptual and methodological documents, and the compilation of case studies.
The Guide also considers the approaches that consultants take to deal with the topic, as well as views held by organizations and experts in this field. The Resource Guide on Gender and Climate Change will facilitate an understanding of the socio-environmental problem as dealt with from an integrated point of view – one provided by the gender equality approach – but its principal contribution will be to provide a more proactive agenda that will make it easier to understand the policies formulated. The document has two sections. The first section, which contains six chapters, deals with the principal gender considerations that must be taken into account in the face of climate change. The first chapter describes the climate change phenomenon, its causes, characteristics, effects and implications for the environment and human societies, particularly in relation to the quest for sustainable development.
Diversity and species composition of mangroves species in Pilar, Siargao Isla...Innspub Net
Mangroves are considered as the most significant components of the coastal ecosystem and among the most productive and biologically complex ecosystems on the planet. Assessment of mangrove species plays a critical role in the preservation and protection of the mangroves forest. The study aimed to assess the mangrove species in Pilar, Siargao Island. The belt transect was employed with a dimension of modified 10 m x 12 m and was installed per quadrat. Eight mangrove species were identified under four families, and these are B. sexanguela, C. decandra, R. apiculata, R. mucronata, A. alba, A. marina, L. littorea, and X. granatum. One species, C. decandra is categorized by the IUCN as a near-threatened state. Results from the mangroves vegetation structure show that R. apiculata got the highest relative frequency (26.32%), density (35.46%), and dominance (55.08%) therefore; it has the highest importance value (116.85%). This further implies that R. apiculata is the most important and acclimated mangrove species in the study area. The species diversity in Pilar, Siargao Island falls under very low diversity (H’=1.63) which might be attributed to some human-related disturbances. Thus, further consideration in future planning and conservation to increase the resiliency of the mangrove ecosystem is needed.
AAN NDRC Banganga Climate Change Impact Study report _final_dec2k7DPNet
This is a study commissioned by ActionAid Nepal and carried out by NDRC Nepal. The study speak about community impact by Climate Change and Adaptation priorities by community.
it is a presentation based on environment. in this presentation it is showed that what will be our future if we wll continue to waste resources like this only
Forest and tree ecosystem services for adaptation: six storiesCIFOR-ICRAF
Ecosystems such as forests produce services that could have a significant role in reducing human vulnerability to climate variability and change. Using case studies from around the world, this presentation explores six different ways that forests and trees serve in helping humans to adapt.
This presentation was given on 7 September 2012 at the IUCN World Conservation Congress in Jeju, South Korea, during a session titled 'Building resilience to climate change through ecosystem-based adaptation'. It was also presented on 15 June 2012 at ‘Ecosystem-based approaches to adaptation: from concept to action’, an event held during Rio+20.
Vulnerable Ecosystems results in Vulnerable CommunitiesNAP Events
Presentation by: Edmund Barrow
3b. Expert meeting on vulnerable communities, groups and ecosystems in adaptation planning and implementation
Participants will be taken through the identification and targeting of vulnerable communities, groups and ecosystems at different scales, best available methods and data, best practices, in the context of adaptation and development planning and implementation. It will include introductory presentations on the topic and will engage participants in breakout group discussions.
Climate change perception: A case study of Bardiya National Park (BNP), Thaku...Surendra Bam
Climate Change perception: talks about the need of including social dimension in research and identifying the people understanding of climate change in buffer zone of Bardia National Park, Nepal.
Gender equity implies the possibility of different treatments to correct inherent inequalities and measures which, while not necessarily the same, result in equality in terms of rights, benefits, obligations and opportunities. Gender equality signifies that there is no discrimination based on the sex of the person in the allocation of resources or benefits or in access to services mitigate and adapt to climate change, but also the wish to promote gender equity and equality while these people are doing that work.
These views underlie the reflections and proposals presented in this Guide: • Climate change presents new challenges to achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs);
• Climate change is a problem of development and, as such, is affected by two characteristics: inequality and poverty;
• Climate change has numerous causes and effects and must therefore be approached by numerous sectors, stakeholders and disciplines;
• While needs are global, they are more urgent and dramatic for societies living in conditions of greatest inequality and vulnerability;
• In order to fight climate change as effectively as possible, consideration must be given to the gender-specific effects of climate change
This Resource Guide on Gender and Climate Change presents principal conceptual and methodological advances on gender relations in the context of climate change, with the overall objective of providing guidelines for actors, practitioners and consumers in this relatively new programme area. It has been prepared through research, analyses and combinations of international frameworks, conceptual and methodological documents, and the compilation of case studies.
The Guide also considers the approaches that consultants take to deal with the topic, as well as views held by organizations and experts in this field. The Resource Guide on Gender and Climate Change will facilitate an understanding of the socio-environmental problem as dealt with from an integrated point of view – one provided by the gender equality approach – but its principal contribution will be to provide a more proactive agenda that will make it easier to understand the policies formulated. The document has two sections. The first section, which contains six chapters, deals with the principal gender considerations that must be taken into account in the face of climate change. The first chapter describes the climate change phenomenon, its causes, characteristics, effects and implications for the environment and human societies, particularly in relation to the quest for sustainable development.
Diversity and species composition of mangroves species in Pilar, Siargao Isla...Innspub Net
Mangroves are considered as the most significant components of the coastal ecosystem and among the most productive and biologically complex ecosystems on the planet. Assessment of mangrove species plays a critical role in the preservation and protection of the mangroves forest. The study aimed to assess the mangrove species in Pilar, Siargao Island. The belt transect was employed with a dimension of modified 10 m x 12 m and was installed per quadrat. Eight mangrove species were identified under four families, and these are B. sexanguela, C. decandra, R. apiculata, R. mucronata, A. alba, A. marina, L. littorea, and X. granatum. One species, C. decandra is categorized by the IUCN as a near-threatened state. Results from the mangroves vegetation structure show that R. apiculata got the highest relative frequency (26.32%), density (35.46%), and dominance (55.08%) therefore; it has the highest importance value (116.85%). This further implies that R. apiculata is the most important and acclimated mangrove species in the study area. The species diversity in Pilar, Siargao Island falls under very low diversity (H’=1.63) which might be attributed to some human-related disturbances. Thus, further consideration in future planning and conservation to increase the resiliency of the mangrove ecosystem is needed.
AAN NDRC Banganga Climate Change Impact Study report _final_dec2k7DPNet
This is a study commissioned by ActionAid Nepal and carried out by NDRC Nepal. The study speak about community impact by Climate Change and Adaptation priorities by community.
it is a presentation based on environment. in this presentation it is showed that what will be our future if we wll continue to waste resources like this only
Forest and tree ecosystem services for adaptation: six storiesCIFOR-ICRAF
Ecosystems such as forests produce services that could have a significant role in reducing human vulnerability to climate variability and change. Using case studies from around the world, this presentation explores six different ways that forests and trees serve in helping humans to adapt.
This presentation was given on 7 September 2012 at the IUCN World Conservation Congress in Jeju, South Korea, during a session titled 'Building resilience to climate change through ecosystem-based adaptation'. It was also presented on 15 June 2012 at ‘Ecosystem-based approaches to adaptation: from concept to action’, an event held during Rio+20.
Vulnerable Ecosystems results in Vulnerable CommunitiesNAP Events
Presentation by: Edmund Barrow
3b. Expert meeting on vulnerable communities, groups and ecosystems in adaptation planning and implementation
Participants will be taken through the identification and targeting of vulnerable communities, groups and ecosystems at different scales, best available methods and data, best practices, in the context of adaptation and development planning and implementation. It will include introductory presentations on the topic and will engage participants in breakout group discussions.
Climate change perception: A case study of Bardiya National Park (BNP), Thaku...Surendra Bam
Climate Change perception: talks about the need of including social dimension in research and identifying the people understanding of climate change in buffer zone of Bardia National Park, Nepal.
Newcastle upon Tyne has been chosen as one of two pilots in England to develop a new 'green map' of action by local communities to tackle climate change. The map will be an online internet resource that will help anyone interested find out what is going on in their area and how they can get involved.
The project has been funded by the Green Alliance and is being led by Mapping for Change (www.mappingforchane.org.uk) in partnership with Newcastle Council for Voluntary Services
The map will also help show national organisations just how m,uch is going on at the local level in areas such as North Dorset, and the aim is this will help make more funding and support available.
Livestock-Climate Change CRSP Annual Meeting 2011: PTRF Project Update (K. Ga...Colorado State University
An overview of the Livestock-Climate Change CRSP PTRF (Pastoral Transformations to Resilient Futures--Understanding Climate from the Ground Up) Project and update on the project's current status. Presentation given by K. Galvin (Colorado State University) at the Livestock-Climate Change CRSP Annual Meeting, Golden, CO, April 26-27, 2011.
Climate change has been reported as a major challenge to livestock production in the pastoral system through their impacts on forage production, water availability, disease risks and thermal stresses. Consequently, causing declining in livestock production. Among the factors that amplify the effects of climate change droughts are perhaps as the most crucial as they adversely affect pastoral livestock production. Droughts have frequently affected Guji- Borana pastoralists of southern Ethiopia, causing substantial livestock losses, declining agricultural production, and food insecurity.
A range of climate prediction models by have shown that Ethiopia expects a 2°C to 4°C increase in temperature and 10% to 30% increase in precipitation by the end of the century. Use of a large-scale climate trends do not necessarily shows local conditions and has failed to address the local impacts, as well as capability of local communities’ adaption to climate change. Hence, understanding the perception of pastoralists’ on climate change and adaptation response at local level is vital. Furthermore, the adaptive mechanisms suggested by the policy makers based on model output may not often favorable to the local communities’ as it lacks the local and/or traditional human and ecological knowledge. This basic information of the pastoralist’ that has been acquired through extensive observation and practices may easily match with time, location and cultural diversity of the people. This in turn helps the pastoralists better understand the climate change implications and respond to adverse effects strategically.
Study of Natural Disaster and its Impact in Uttarakhandijsrd.com
This paper illustrates that the study on natural disaster should be done in future so that the method of minimizing the impact of the disasters can be achieved. It is the damage or the impact that makes any disaster powerful. It is very common now a days but in the year of 2013, Uttarakhand faced a disaster that completely changed the face of Uttarakhand. In this paper I have studied about the disasters and its impact in the hilly area of Uttarakhand.
Kila training Material - session 5 b - മഹാത്മാ ഗാന്ധി ദേശീയ ഗ്രാമീണ തൊഴിലുറപ്പ് പദ്ധതി - കാലാവസ്ഥ വ്യതിയാനം വരുത്തുന്ന ദുരന്തങ്ങൾ തടയൽ - uploaded by T J Joseph Deputy Collector (retd), Kottayam -mob 9447464502
1. KOSHI TRANSECT WALK FIELD REPORT
Ajay Chandra Lal
Facilitator, climate induced disaster TWG
Practical Action, Nepal
Background
Nepal is predominantly a mountainous country situated in the central part of the Himalayas
between 26022’ and 30027’ N latitudes and 80004’ and 88012’ E longitudes, covering an area of
147,181 sq. km and divided broadly into three topographic regions, viz Himalayas (High Mountains),
Hill the Tarai plains. The country experiences a wide range of climatic variations from the sub-
tropical to the Alpine type as the elevation varies from 67 meters (m) above sea level to 8,848 m
(world’s highest mountain peak, Mt Everest) within a span of aboutj 200 km. It also experiences
heavy rains during monsoon season (June to September) due to the south-westerly wind from bay of
Bengal, which accounts for 80% of the total rainfall. The average annual rainfall of the country is
about 1,530 millimeters (mm). But there are sharp spatial and temporal variations in rainfall. The
character and pattern of rainfall varies drastically both north south and east west. The intensity of
rainfall is more intense in east than west; however individual event may not follow the trend
resulting into drought or flood. The minimal variation in climate can result into unaccounted types
and degrees of catastrophe to the people, bio diversity and other components of our living
environment.
The previous study has shown that Nepal is the 6th most vulnerable country in the world due to
climate change mainly by virtue of its locations in young Himalayas with more than 6000 rivers. In no
way, Nepal can be out of the consequences of climate change. Therefore, it is utmost important to
develop appropriate coping mechanisms and adaptations. In this background, National Action
Programme of Actions (NAPA) is being prepared with the support of LDCF. NAPA is pre requisite to
avail the fund from GEF to finance the capacity building programmes at community as well as at
national level.
Transect Survey Approach:
This approach stratifies the study area or object in different group as per its homogeneous
characteristics. For the climate change study, Nepal has been divided into three transect as per
macro hydro basin concept ie Karnali basin, Gandaki Basin and Koshi Basin. For further better
representation, each basin has been stratified into three sub transect as per the topography and
land form ie Terai, Hill and Mountain. This approach is used basically to study whole area within
given timeframe and resources without affecting the outcome of the study. This technique has been
used to study the implications of climate change at local level along with the coping mechanisms and
adaptations adopted by local people. This study also outlines the local know how and experiences
about the climate change, its impact on livelihood and response of the people towards the impacts.
I was part of an eighteen member study team in Koshi Transect. This transect represents the area
within the Koshi basin. The filed study started at Biratnagar sub metropolitan city in the Terai with
regional level shared learning dialogue (SLD). The field study then covered Dhankutta in hill,
Khandbari in mountain regions. I basically worked as facilitator for climate induced disaster, one of
the six thematic working groups. The study team concentrated its focus on six themes namely
Agriculture and food security
2. Forest and bio diversity
Water and energy
Climate induced disasters
Urban settlements and
Health
The study team was a multidisciplinary team represented by various experts and facilitators
representing different institutions ie, United Nations, national planning commission, ministries,
departments, INGOs, NGOs, Civil Societies. Each member was associated with one of the thematic
working group mentioned above. The team was led my Dr Deepak Rijal and Dr Ram Pukar Thakur
and logistics were managed by Mr Ram Prasad Acharya, Practical solution Nepal.
Methods Used:
The study team adopted shared learning dialogue (SLD) workshop technique in collecting
information at district and regional level while observation, focus group discussion and consultation
techniques were used at community and village level to gather the required information. At the end
of the field visit a wrap up meeting was carried out in Biratnagar where every thematic group
presented their findings. The following activities were carried out during the field vist
In Terai
A regional level SLD was organized at Biratnagar where more that 75 personnel representing various
government, non government and academic institutions were present. Civil societies, media
personnel, police, students and indigenous groups were also present in the meeting. After
presentation of Mr Ajay Dixit and Dr Deepak Rijal on “climate change scenario of Nepal and potential
impacts on agriculture sector”, the whole group was divided into six thematic groups facilitated by
respective facilitator. The experiences were then presented.
The visiting group was divided into three groups to visit three communities namely Kushha and
chakarghatti in Sunsari and Lakhanpur in Jhapa district. Focus group discussions were organized at
each location. I visited the local community in Kushha and then nearby Koshi Tappu wild life office.
In Hill
A focus group discussion was arranged in Danda Bazar of Dhakutta district. All the six thematic
groups discussed the climate change, its implications and local level experiences of people towards
coping and adaptation measures. Then a district level shared learning dialogue (SLD) was organized
in Dhankutta where more than 50 people from different sections ie GO, NGO, INGO, Municipality,
Media, School etc participated. Dr Rijal presented the climate change scenario and it probable
impacts on livelihood of people. The participants were divided into 6 thematic groups and each
group after discussion presented their views on climate change, its indicators, coping and adaptation
mechanisms prevalent in the area.
In Mountain
A district level shared learning dialogue (SLD) was organized in Khandbari, district headquarter of
Sankhuwasabha district where more than 60 people from different sections ie GO, NGO, INGO,
3. Municipality, Media, School etc participated. Dr Rijal presented the climate change scenario and it
probable impacts on livelihood of people. Facilitators of each group presented their views and their
needs. The participants were divided into 6 thematic groups and each group after discussion
presented their views on climate change, its indicators, coping and adaptation mechanisms
prevalent in the area.
Findings (Climate induced disasters)
The group discussion, consultation and shared learning dialogue with stakeholders came out with
general as well as specific findings at local level. The communities at various places expressed their
experiences regarding the increasing temperature, changing bio diversity and their concern in
livelihood. The following findings have been withdrawn from these discussion.
General Findings
Temperature has increased
Reduced production or Loss in traditional crops
Increased events of disasters
Mosquitoes are seen even in mountain region
Increased cases of diseases in crops and vegetables in Terai
Change in timings for flowering (Laligurans) and fruits (citrus) in Mountain region
Shift of habitat of fauna like Urna towards north in Koshi Tappu
Increased cases of skin diseases
Change in pattern and characteristics of rainfall (increased event of cloud burst, localized
rainfall)
Depletion in ground water level in Terai
Specific Findings
Terai
Major disasters:
Flood, flash food, thunder storm, drought, hot wave and cold wave, fire
Issues:
Increased magnitude of flood, Soil Erosion and land degradation
Changing frequency, time and characteristics of flood
Increased magnitude and frequency of Storm and hailstorm
Increased Unpredictability in climate forecasting including rainfall
Increased number days with dense fog and cold wave
Absence of comprehensive policy for DRR and climate change
Adaptation:
Tree Plantation (Bamboo and other appropriate plants)
Gabion wall and embankment protection
Awareness campaign by various GOs, NGOs and other agencies regarding flood and fire
4. Community based institutions (youth groups) for management of flood and fire
Unknown subjects
Causes and solutions for the increased frequency and magnitude of flood
Causes for changed character and pattern of rainfall
Causes of increased population of Mosquito, Dhamira, Monkey and rats
Relation between climate change and increased events of disasters
Mountain Region
Major Disasters:
Landslide, frost, hailstorm, forest fire (Dadhelo)
Issues:
Hailstorm generally used to occur in Chaitra Baishakh but now it occurs even in Kartik
resulting in loss of crops
Increased attack of Monkey, Dumsi and Rat
Increased frequency of Landslide
Increased attack of Dhamira
Decreased period of frost
Decreased availability of water in water springs (pani ko mul)
Adaptation:
Increased Community forestry, rain water harvesting,
Houses are built on Tar to avoid slope failure
Gabion wall and embankment protection for the control of land slide
Awareness campaign by various GOs, NGOs and other agencies (road shows)
Creation of Fire Line
Unknown Subjects
Causes of changing characteristics of frost and storm
Causes for changed character and pattern of rainfall
Hilly Region
Major Disasters: landslide, forest fire, thunderstorm, lightening
Issues:
Increased magnitude and frequency of landslide
Increased event of forest fire
Increased event of thunderstorm
Increased events of lightening
Change in time of landslide and lightening (unpredictable)
5. Adaptation:
Increased Community forestry, wildlife conservation,
Slope stabilization with bio engineering works, Gabion wall and embankment protection
Awareness campaign by various GOs, NGOs and other agencies
Creation of fire line ie Controlled fire
Unknown Subjects
Snow is melting but water level in lakes and rivers is also decreasing, why?
Causes for changed character and pattern of hailstorm and lighteningl
Way forward
Way forward for all the three geographic regions is similar; however the techniques and ingredients
or components of interventions will be different as per the nature of disaster and local socio
economic condition. For example, awareness campaign should be carried out in all the three regions,
however the nature, content and target will be different in each region. Therefore, the design of
interventions should be sensitive towards local conditions.
Future steps are as below
Awareness campaign and preparedness activities at local and district level
Promote community based disaster management and ensure its validity
Development and enforcement of comprehensive DRR policy, Act and strategies
Development of proper human resource at local level
Allocate proper resources for DRR and its distribution
Establish a climate change and Disaster study center and information center at district and
regional level
Develop early warning center for disaster risk reduction, collaborate with various agencies
like DHM, NARC,FM Radio and communities
Develop of appropriate infrastructure to be used during and after the disasters
Carry out Hazard and Vulnerability Mapping and assessment,
Assimilate DRR in district and local level planning
Identification and management of highly vulnerable area, people, community and structure
Identification and promotion of local knowledge and technology for adaptation and coping
Enhance the capacity of vulnerable community and area ie increase the resilience