The vagina is a muscular tube located in the pelvic cavity that extends from the vulva to the cervix. It is self-cleaning and typically maintains a healthy balance of bacteria and yeast. The vaginal walls contain mucosa that secretes fluids, a muscular layer, connective tissue, and pelvic floor muscles. The vagina serves several key functions, including sexual intercourse, childbirth, and menstrual fluid exit. Common diseases include various types of vaginitis caused by fungi, bacteria, parasites, or lack of estrogen during menopause. Symptoms of vaginitis include abnormal discharge and irritation.

1. Dalal Al Ali

2. The vagina itself is an empty,
muscular tube with a flexible lining
that extends from the outside
opening at the vestibule all the
way to the cervix.
The vagina is full of healthy yeast
and bacteria that are important to
maintaining a good vaginal
ecosystem.
The vagina is 5-10 cm long and
1.9 cm wide.
The organ

3. The vagina is located in the pelvic body cavity:
Prior to the vagina is the bladder and urethra.
Behind the vagina is the rectum and anus.
Parallel to the vagina uterine
arteries are found.
Its position in a female’s body

4. The walls of the vagina have
several layers:
• The mucosa, which produces
various fluids
• A muscular layer
• Connective tissue.
• Beneath the vagina, on the
pelvic floor, are other muscles
that are responsible for keeping
the vagina tight, and firm.
Vaginal walls

5.  Sexual intercourse – receives the
penis, assisting in its transport to
the uterus.
 Childbirth – expands to provide a
channel for delivery of a newborn
from the uterus.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jFdXx
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 Menstruation – serves as a canal
for menstrual fluid and tissue to
leave the body.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vXrQ_F
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What are the functions of the organ?

6. The vagina is self cleaning. The vagina releases
discharge, which can come before and after the
period. The discharge is usually clear, whitish,
stretchy, thick, and odorless.
The vagina connects the cervix to the vulva.
Other functions

7.  Herpes
 Vaginitis
 Vaginismus
 Genital warts
 Herpes simplex virus
 Gonorrhea
 Chlamydia
 Vaginal cancer
 Vaginal prolapse
Some common diseases

8. Vaginitis is the inflammation of the vaginal canal by
fungi, bacteria or parasites.
Vaginitis

9. • Atrophic vaginitis:The lining of the vagina gets
thinner when estrogen levels decrease during menopause.
• Bacterial vaginitis: it occurs from an overgrowth of normal bacteria in
the vagina (Gardnerella)
• Trichomonas vaginitis: is caused by a sexually transmitted, single-celled
protozoan parasite, Trichomonas vaginitis. It may infect other parts such
as the urethra, where urine leaves the body.
• Candida albicans: A yeast that causes a fungal infection, known as
vaginal thrush.
Types of vaginitis

10.  If bacteria, yeast or parasites wasn’t the reason for the occurrence of
vaginitis then it might be a sanitary issue.
 Vaginitis may be a result of an allergic reaction from certain soaps,
scented tissue, scented pads.
Causes

11. The doctor will carry out a physical examination and ask about medical
history. A sample of discharge may be taken to try to determine the cause of
the inflammation.
Diagnosis

12. Treatment depends on the cause:
• Antifungal or antibiotic drugs can treat vaginitis.
• Cortisone cream treats severe irritation.
• Antihistamines is used to cure vaginitis caused by an allergic reaction.
• Topical estrogen cream, if the vaginitis is due to low estrogen level.
Treatment

13.  Change in color, odor or amount of discharge
from your vagina
 Fishy odor
 Vaginal itching or irritation
 Painful urination
 Light vaginal bleeding or spotting
Symptoms

14. • Good hygiene, using soap without scents
• Wear cotton underwear
• Avoiding irritating things in hygiene sprays,
soaps, and other feminine products
• Always wiping from front to back to avoid
spreading bacteria from the anus to the vagina
• Wear loose clothing
• Use antibiotics only when necessary
Prevention

15. People often confuse the vulva with the vagina.The
vagina, is inside your body.
Each vagina has its own smell
There are some women who have two vaginas.This
rare condition is known as Uterus didelphys.
Doctors are still unsure as to how this is caused.
Watery secretions produced by the vaginal
epithelium lubricate the vagina and have an acidic
pH to prevent the growth of bacteria and yeast.
Interesting facts

16. https://www.webmd.com/women/picture-of-the-vagina#1
http://www.dummies.com/relationships/sex/the-human-vagina-and-other-
female-anatomy/
http://teachmeanatomy.info/pelvis/female-reproductive-tract/vagina/
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/175101.php
https://health.howstuffworks.com/sexual-health/female-reproductive-
system/vagina2.htm
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/vaginitis/symptoms-
causes/syc-20354707
Citation