Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Female Moths Respond to Herbivore-Induced Corn Volatiles.
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Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Female Moths Respond to Herbivore-Induced Corn Volatiles. In response to herbivore attack, plants release herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) that represent important chemical cues for herbivore natural enemies. Additionally, HIPVs have been shown to mediate other ecological interactions with herbivores. Differently from natural enemies that are generally attracted to HIPVs, herbivores can be either attracted or repelled depending on several biological and ecological parameters. Our study aimed to assess the olfactory response of fall armyworm-mated female moths toward odors released by mechanically and herbivore induced corn at different time intervals. Results showed that female moths strongly respond to corn volatiles, although fresh damaged corn odors (0–1 h) are not recognized by moths. Moreover, females preferred volatiles released by undamaged plant over herbivore-induced plants at 5–6 h. This preference for undamaged plants may reflect an adaptive strategy of moths to avoid competitors and natural enemies for their offspring. We discussed our results based on knowledge about corn volatile release pattern and raise possible explanations for fall armyworm moth behavior.
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Predators are one of the most important aspects of biologial control of crop pests. The predators may be insects or mites or nematodes or any other living organisms. Like the parasitoids, predators also follow a typical prey selection strategy. It includes Prey Habitat Selection, Prey Finding, Prey Acceptance and Prey Suitability. Prey Habitat Selection can be obtained by different plant odors or prey odors (like- honeydew, prey frass etc) or herbivore induced plant volatiles (HIPV). The HIPV is the most of important and reliable one to select the prey species by the predators. Actually when a plant is attacked by the pest species, the defense system is activated and it includes production of de novo or phytoalexins or secondary plant metabolites of various odors which actually attract the predators. Like- the bean plants attacked by Tetranychid mites, are attracted by the predatory Phytoseiid mites. Besides plants attacked under pests, release Methyl Salicylate like molecules which also attracts predators like Chrysopa spp. After habitat finding, the predators forage for suitable prey and if initial inspection of the habitat leads to evidence of prey in the local area, the predator is likely to engage in Intensified Local Search (ILS). ILS includes frequent turning, sinous search paths and slower walking. Theere are a number of factors which influence the efficiency of ILS. These include- Host Plant Architecture, Surface Texture of Plants, Hunger Status of Predators, Visual Cues, Patch Quality and Prey Products. Like- Larvae of some ladybirds foage less frequently for aphids on highly branched varieties than on normal branched varieties of crops. Similarly waxy surfaces can reduce their foragig efficiency and some of the predators are entrapped and died within the trichomes. Native adults of Harmonia axyridis are more attracted to yellow colour as compared to green colour. They are also attracted to the surface treated with prey products like honeydew to search for the preys while there are lots of exceptions regarding this. After a prey has been contacted, the age and experience of the predator, size of the prey and prey's defensive actions can influence the success of attack. The acceptance of prey depends on certain features like- food habit of the prey, chemical composition of prey cuticle, warning colourations and gregarious nature of prey species. After the acceptance, the suitability of prey is important to determine. This depends on- whether it supports both developement and reproduction or only developement or unpalatable. Suitability of prey for immature stages of predators depends on the survivorship of them, developemental time and adult body weight. Indexing prey suitability for mature adults depends mainly on the reproductive capability, high fecundity and viability. If predators feed on diseased or paralyzed hosts, it may induce low body weight, low immunity and survivorship. This understanding helps in successful IPM bio-control
Plant Biodiversity Enhances Bees and Other Pollinators in Agro Ecosystems.pptx
In summary, exploring entomology aspects related to plant biodiversity and its impact on pollinators in agro ecosystems highlights several key points. Entomologists study pollinator diversity and foraging behavior influenced by plant diversity. They also assess habitat preferences and health, examining how access to diverse floral resources impacts pollinator populations. Moreover, entomologists investigate pesticide impacts, quantify pollinator contributions to crop pollination, and explore plant diversity's role in supporting natural pest control and climate change resilience. Entomology contributes to conservation by promoting pollinator-friendly practices and educating stakeholders. Overall, these aspects provide a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between plant biodiversity and pollinators, informing sustainable agriculture and biodiversity conservation efforts.
Introductory to Host Plant Resistance
Content:
Introduction
Importance of Host Plant Resistance
Historical perspectives
Advantages and Disadvantages of HPR
Mechanisms of Resistance
Adaptation of Resistance in Plant to Insect
Morphological
Anatomical
Biochemical
Assembly of plant species - Gene Pool
Behavior in Relation to Host Plant Factor
Ipm idm sri_paddy
This document provides information on integrated pest management for SRI paddy. It discusses several major pests that affect rice crops, including stem borers, gall midge, brown planthopper, white-backed planthopper, green leafhopper, leaf-folder, and case worm. For each pest, it describes identification, damage symptoms, and both non-chemical and chemical management options. Non-chemical options include use of resistant varieties, field sanitation, balanced fertilization, and biological control methods. Chemical controls are only recommended if damage exceeds threshold levels. The goal is to minimize chemical use and rely primarily on non-chemical integrated pest management practices.
Farmscaping CFSA13
“We have designed our pest problems into our current system of agriculture, so we can also design them out...if we understand ecology better. Thirty plus years of INTEGRATING farmscaping with other farm activities, strategies and resources will be featured, not just a rote list of plants and bugs. Many of the best farmscaping plants are flowers, medicinal herbs, and spices that can supplement and add value to your main crops and can be sold alongside them, like pickling spices (dill, garlic, grape leaves, etc.) for cucumbers. Bring your plant samples, questions, bug samples, or other farmscaping questions...no holds barred! Learn how to work backwards from your pest problems to the beneficials that attack your pests, to the plants and resources that YOUR beneficials need for control, and how these fit more neatly into your production program(s). Work smarter, not harder! Join longtime producer Patryk Battle and entomologist Richard “DrMcBug” McDonald in a lively, FUN, information filled session that will give you new insight into approaches for the NEW and OLD pests we face now. Yes, Carolina, farmscaping can be FUN!”
Biological Control to Maintain Natural Densities of Insects and Mites by Fiel...
In the present study, the biological control of insects and mites to maintain their natural densities by field releases of lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is analyzed. Female lady beetles may lay from 20 to more than 1000 eggs over a one to three month period, near prey such as aphids in protected sites on leaves and stems. Lady beetles have hefty appetites and one tiny alligator like larva can eat over two dozen aphids a day, and single adult can eat over twice of that much. In other words, one larva will eat about 400 medium-size aphids during its development to pupal stage and an adult lady beetle may eat over 5,000 aphids during its lifetime (about a year). Usually, reddish-orange lady beetles eat aphids, and darker ones more often eat spider mites, whiteflies and scale insects. The best time to release lady beetles into garden is late in afternoon or at sundown, which can encourage them to stay for night and find suitable food and protection. Dampen the ground or plants before releasing of lady beetles, can encourage them to stay and drink water. About 1000 lady beetles can rid an acre of ground from most of soft-bodied pests and release beetles at base of plants at 20 feet apart or more so that they can hunt for food. Ability of collected lady beetles to reproduce is suspended (reproductive diapause), so eggs are not produced for several weeks after release. Pre-fed lady beetles prior to release can allow some eggs maturation, but few researchers or companies also provide such pre-conditioned lady beetles. The trends of prey devouring demonstrate profound effects that lady beetle may have on target and non-target pests, and highlight their importance for initiating of biological control programs.
ROLE OF POLLENIZERS AND POLLINATORS.pptx
This document presented information on the role of pollinators and pollinizers in fruit crops. It defined pollinators as organisms that aid in the transfer of pollen between flowers, and pollinizers as specific plants that provide compatible pollen for the fertilization of other plants. Several case studies were described that showed the positive impacts of adequate pollinator populations and proper pollinizer selection, including increased fruit set, yield, and quality in various crops such as apple, peach, almond, and kiwi. Challenges to pollinators like habitat loss, pesticides, and disease were also discussed.
Biological control of cotton insect pest
Anum Balooch is studying for an MSc in Entomology at the University of Agriculture Faisalabad under the supervision of Dr. Ahmed Nawaz. Her research focuses on the biological control of cotton insect pests. Cotton is an important cash crop for Pakistan's economy but is susceptible to attacks from various insect pests. Currently, heavy pesticide use is relied upon for control but this has negative environmental and health impacts. The document outlines the use of biological control agents like parasitoids, predators, pathogens, and other non-chemical methods to control cotton pests in a more sustainable way. It provides examples of different biological control organisms used against key cotton pests and application methods. The conclusion states that
Role of insect resistance in plants
The document describes research on developing insect-resistant maize plants by expressing a chitinase gene from the cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis. The chitinase gene was synthesized and expressed in transgenic maize plants. Bioassays found that approximately 50% of corn borers (Sesamia cretica) reared on the transgenic plants died, demonstrating enhanced insect resistance. The chitinase gene transfer technology shows potential as an effective and pesticide-free method of insect control, as chitinases can impact the growth and survival of both insect pests and fungal pathogens.
PEAS AND BEANS.pptx
This document provides information about advances in breeding of peas and beans. It discusses the botany, genetics, breeding objectives and methods, and varieties of peas and French beans. For peas, it describes the botanical details, genetic resources, inheritance of traits, breeding objectives like yield and disease resistance, and improved varieties developed through various breeding methods. Similarly for French beans, it discusses taxonomy, genetics, breeding objectives, methods used and resistant varieties developed for diseases and stresses.
Leaf miner and its control mechanism
Leafminer is a pest that damages vegetable crops like tomatoes. Its larvae burrow into and feed on leaf tissue, leaving winding tunnels that can cause leaves to drop prematurely and reduce crop yields. The leafminer has a 2-week lifecycle with multiple generations per year. Management strategies focus on conservation biological control using natural enemies like parasitic wasps. Cultural practices like removing old crop residues and selecting resistant varieties can also help reduce infestations. Chemicals should be avoided if possible to protect natural enemies, as the pest has developed resistance to many insecticides.
Leaf miner
Leafminer is a pest that damages vegetable crops like tomatoes. Its larvae burrow into and feed on leaf tissue, leaving winding tunnels that can cause leaves to drop prematurely and reduce crop yields. The leafminer has a 2-week lifecycle with multiple generations per year. Management strategies focus on conservation biological control using natural enemies like parasitic wasps. Cultural practices like removing old crop residues and selecting resistant varieties can also help reduce infestations. Chemicals should be avoided if possible to protect natural enemies, as the pest has developed resistance to many insecticides.
Management of major insect pests of organically grown egglant
Presentation during the Bureau of Agricultural Research (BAR) Seminar Series on November 29, 2018 at RDMIC Bldg., cor. Visayas Ave., Elliptical Rd., Diliman, Quezon City
008 ROLE OF BENEFICIAL INSECTS.pdf
This document discusses the role of beneficial insects in agriculture. It notes that while some insects are considered pests, the vast majority are not and in fact provide important ecosystem services like biological control of pests and pollination of plants. Some key beneficial insects mentioned are ladybird beetles, lacewing bugs, syrphid flies, praying mantids, minute pirate bugs, aphid midges, bigeyed bugs, honey bees, bumble bees, mason bees, leafcutter bees, and butterflies. These beneficial insects help control agricultural pests through predation, parasitism, or pollination, which enhances crop production and yields. The document concludes by emphasizing the importance of balancing pest insects
Idpm manual
(1) Stem borers, gall midge, brown planthopper, white-backed planthopper, green leafhopper, leaf-folder, case worm, and gundhi bug are major pests of rice. (2) They damage rice by feeding on plant tissues inside or outside the stem or by sucking plant sap which can result in dead hearts, white ears, or hopper burn. (3) Management strategies include use of resistant varieties, field sanitation, balanced fertilization, and selective application of chemical and biological pesticides when economic thresholds are reached.
Integrated Disease Pest Management - IDPM
(1) Stem borers, gall midge, brown planthopper, white-backed planthopper, and green leafhopper are major pests of rice.
(2) They damage rice by feeding on plant tissues or sucking sap, which can result in dead hearts, white ears, hopper burn, or transmission of diseases like tungro virus.
(3) Non-chemical management includes crop rotation, resistant varieties, field sanitation, and balanced fertilizer. Chemical management uses insecticides when economic thresholds are reached.
Global crop polinators not just bees.pptx
Many flower-visiting insects and other animals are engaged in a remarkable mutually beneficial interaction with the plants whose flowers they frequent. These animals are pollinators. As bees, butterflies and other pollinators forage for resources found within the flowers, such as pollen (a source of protein and lipids), nectar (mostly a source of sugars but also containing free amino acids and other compounds as well as microbes) or more rarely oils, scents or resins, their bodies contact the sexual organs of the plants.
Breeding for pest stress in vegetables
1) The document discusses breeding for pest stress mechanisms and genetics of resistance in vegetable crops. It covers sources of resistance, breeding methods, and screening techniques.
2) The key mechanisms of insect resistance include nonpreference, antibiosis, tolerance, and ecological resistance. Resistance can be oligogenic, polygenic, or cytoplasmic. Sources of resistance include cultivated varieties, germplasm collections, related wild species, and unrelated organisms.
3) Breeding methods to develop resistant varieties include introduction, selection, hybridization, and genetic engineering. Screening is done in the field or glasshouse to identify resistant plants. Advantages of resistant varieties include inherent pest control without chemicals. Problems include resistance being pest specific and difficulties
Recent Advances in Integrated Pest Management of Sorghum
This document describes 12 insect pests that affect sorghum crops. It provides details on the appearance, lifecycle and damage caused by each pest, which includes stem borers, shoot flies, caterpillars, aphids, beetles and others. It also discusses integrated pest management strategies for sorghum like cultural, mechanical, nutrient and host plant resistance methods.
integrated pest management practices for cotton
integrated pest management practices for cottonDepartment of Entomology, UAS Raichur. GBPUAT Pantnagar
cotton crop needs highest pesticide application for pest management, So we came with ipm practices for reducing insecticide spray, to manage the resistance development and secondary outbreak of sucking pestSimilar to Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Female Moths Respond to Herbivore-Induced Corn Volatiles. (20)
Plant Biodiversity Enhances Bees and Other Pollinators in Agro Ecosystems.pptx
Plant Biodiversity Enhances Bees and Other Pollinators in Agro Ecosystems.pptx
Biological Control to Maintain Natural Densities of Insects and Mites by Fiel...
Biological Control to Maintain Natural Densities of Insects and Mites by Fiel...
Management of major insect pests of organically grown egglant
Management of major insect pests of organically grown egglant
Recent Advances in Integrated Pest Management of Sorghum
Recent Advances in Integrated Pest Management of Sorghum
More from Vinodkumar Patil
Vinod lab ppt_21
Susceptibility of Fall Armyworms (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E.) from Mexico and Puerto Rico to Bt Proteins, 2020
Ppt vip3 a (1)
Occurrence and Ear Damage of Helicoverpa zea on Transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis Maize in the Field in Texas, U.S. and Its Susceptibility to Vip3A Protein
Is land really a constraint for the utilization of solar energy in India?
This document compares the land use requirements of solar energy to other conventional energy sources such as coal, nuclear, and hydroelectric power. It discusses two parameters for analyzing land use: land transformation and land occupation. Land transformation refers to the direct and indirect land areas needed for power generation and upstream/downstream processes. Coal and nuclear require land for mining activities and transportation, while hydro needs large areas for dams. Solar requires less land than hydro but comparable amounts to coal and nuclear. Land occupation considers how long it takes land to recover from energy production and how it is qualitatively degraded. The document estimates that generating 3400 TWh/yr of electricity from solar in India would require 0.97% of total land area or 3.
Household pests in association with human beings and their management
This document provides information on various household pests that are associated with human dwellings and their management. It discusses insects like mosquitoes, flies, bed bugs, fleas, cockroaches, lice, silverfish and their role in transmitting diseases. It also covers social insects like termites and ants that damage household materials. For each insect, details are given on identification, disease transmission, and control methods like use of insecticides, repellents and biological control agents. The document thus serves as a useful reference for understanding common household pests and their management.
Classification of insecticides based on chemical nature
Classification of insecticides based on chemical nature, insecticides classified based on nature of inorganic insecticides, Organic insecticides, Synthetic organic insecticides, and Miscellaneous compounds
Plant based insecticides in pest management (Botanicals)
The document discusses plant-based insecticides used for pest management. It defines botanical insecticides as naturally occurring chemicals extracted from plants that act as insect toxins. Some key points mentioned are that botanicals have been used for insect control since the 1600s, with rotenone being one of the earliest used. Botanical insecticides have advantages like being safer for users and the environment compared to synthetic pesticides. However, their effects on pests are often lower and they have issues like poor water solubility. The document then discusses the insecticidal effects and active compounds of various plants commonly used as botanical insecticides, including neem, pongamia, derris, custard apple, and others.
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Is land really a constraint for the utilization of solar energy in India?
Is land really a constraint for the utilization of solar energy in India?
Household pests in association with human beings and their management
Household pests in association with human beings and their management
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Classification of insecticides based on chemical nature
Plant based insecticides in pest management (Botanicals)
Plant based insecticides in pest management (Botanicals)
Recently uploaded
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
Isolation of pure culture, its various method.
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
Summary Of transcription and Translation.pdf
Hello Everyone Here We are Sharing You with The process of protien Synthesis in very short points you will be Able to understand It Very well
Candidate young stellar objects in the S-cluster: Kinematic analysis of a sub...
Context. The observation of several L-band emission sources in the S cluster has led to a rich discussion of their nature. However, a definitive answer to the classification of the dusty objects requires an explanation for the detection of compact Doppler-shifted Brγ emission. The ionized hydrogen in combination with the observation of mid-infrared L-band continuum emission suggests that most of these sources are embedded in a dusty envelope. These embedded sources are part of the S-cluster, and their relationship to the S-stars is still under debate. To date, the question of the origin of these two populations has been vague, although all explanations favor migration processes for the individual cluster members. Aims. This work revisits the S-cluster and its dusty members orbiting the supermassive black hole SgrA* on bound Keplerian orbits from a kinematic perspective. The aim is to explore the Keplerian parameters for patterns that might imply a nonrandom distribution of the sample. Additionally, various analytical aspects are considered to address the nature of the dusty sources. Methods. Based on the photometric analysis, we estimated the individual H−K and K−L colors for the source sample and compared the results to known cluster members. The classification revealed a noticeable contrast between the S-stars and the dusty sources. To fit the flux-density distribution, we utilized the radiative transfer code HYPERION and implemented a young stellar object Class I model. We obtained the position angle from the Keplerian fit results; additionally, we analyzed the distribution of the inclinations and the longitudes of the ascending node. Results. The colors of the dusty sources suggest a stellar nature consistent with the spectral energy distribution in the near and midinfrared domains. Furthermore, the evaporation timescales of dusty and gaseous clumps in the vicinity of SgrA* are much shorter ( 2yr) than the epochs covered by the observations (≈15yr). In addition to the strong evidence for the stellar classification of the D-sources, we also find a clear disk-like pattern following the arrangements of S-stars proposed in the literature. Furthermore, we find a global intrinsic inclination for all dusty sources of 60 ± 20◦, implying a common formation process. Conclusions. The pattern of the dusty sources manifested in the distribution of the position angles, inclinations, and longitudes of the ascending node strongly suggests two different scenarios: the main-sequence stars and the dusty stellar S-cluster sources share a common formation history or migrated with a similar formation channel in the vicinity of SgrA*. Alternatively, the gravitational influence of SgrA* in combination with a massive perturber, such as a putative intermediate mass black hole in the IRS 13 cluster, forces the dusty objects and S-stars to follow a particular orbital arrangement. Key words. stars: black holes– stars: formation– Galaxy: center– galaxies: star formation
(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...
(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...Scintica Instrumentation
Targeting Hsp90 and its pathogen Orthologs with Tethered Inhibitors as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategy for cancer and infectious diseases with Dr. Timothy Haystead.Anti-Universe And Emergent Gravity and the Dark Universe
Recent theoretical progress indicates that spacetime and gravity emerge together from the entanglement structure of an underlying microscopic theory. These ideas are best understood in Anti-de Sitter space, where they rely on the area law for entanglement entropy. The extension to de Sitter space requires taking into account the entropy and temperature associated with the cosmological horizon. Using insights from string theory, black hole physics and quantum information theory we argue that the positive dark energy leads to a thermal volume law contribution to the entropy that overtakes the area law precisely at the cosmological horizon. Due to the competition between area and volume law entanglement the microscopic de Sitter states do not thermalise at sub-Hubble scales: they exhibit memory effects in the form of an entropy displacement caused by matter. The emergent laws of gravity contain an additional ‘dark’ gravitational force describing the ‘elastic’ response due to the entropy displacement. We derive an estimate of the strength of this extra force in terms of the baryonic mass, Newton’s constant and the Hubble acceleration scale a0 = cH0, and provide evidence for the fact that this additional ‘dark gravity force’ explains the observed phenomena in galaxies and clusters currently attributed to dark matter.
Farming systems analysis: what have we learnt?.pptx
Presentation given at the official farewell of Prof Ken Gillet at Wageningen on 13 June 2024
Travis Hills of MN is Making Clean Water Accessible to All Through High Flux ...
By harnessing the power of High Flux Vacuum Membrane Distillation, Travis Hills from MN envisions a future where clean and safe drinking water is accessible to all, regardless of geographical location or economic status.
Alternate Wetting and Drying - Climate Smart Agriculture
Alternate Wetting and Drying - Climate Smart AgricultureInternational Food Policy Research Institute- South Asia Office
PPT on Alternate Wetting and Drying presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024. Pests of Storage_Identification_Dr.UPR.pdf
InIndia-post-harvestlosses-unscientificstorage,insects,rodents,micro-organismsetc.,accountforabout10percentoftotalfoodgrains
Graininfestation
Directdamage
Indirectly
•theexuviae,skin,deadinsects
•theirexcretawhichmakefoodunfitforhumanconsumption
About600speciesofinsectshavebeenassociatedwithstoredgrainproducts
100speciesofinsectpestsofstoredproductscauseeconomiclosses
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...Advanced-Concepts-Team
Presentation in the Science Coffee of the Advanced Concepts Team of the European Space Agency on the 07.06.2024.
Speaker: Diego Blas (IFAE/ICREA)
Title: Gravitational wave detection with orbital motion of Moon and artificial
Abstract:
In this talk I will describe some recent ideas to find gravitational waves from supermassive black holes or of primordial origin by studying their secular effect on the orbital motion of the Moon or satellites that are laser ranged.The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
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The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
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Microbiology of Central Nervous System INFECTIONS.pdf
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8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
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Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
Candidate young stellar objects in the S-cluster: Kinematic analysis of a sub...
Candidate young stellar objects in the S-cluster: Kinematic analysis of a sub...
(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...
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Anti-Universe And Emergent Gravity and the Dark Universe
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Travis Hills of MN is Making Clean Water Accessible to All Through High Flux ...
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Alternate Wetting and Drying - Climate Smart Agriculture
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Juaristi, Jon. - El canon espanol. El legado de la cultura española a la civi...
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The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
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ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...
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The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
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Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Female Moths Respond to Herbivore-Induced Corn Volatiles.
- 1. Metahelix Confidential. All Rights Reserved WEL- COME VINODKUMAR PATIL
- 2. Metahelix Confidential. All Rights Reserved Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Female Moths Respond to Herbivore-Induced Corn Volatiles.
- 3. Metahelix Confidential. All Rights Reserved 2016 May, 2018 June 2019 Jan, 2019
- 4. Metahelix Confidential. All Rights Reserved Introduction • Common name : Fall armyworm • Scientific name: Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) • Order : Lepidoptera • Family : Noctuidae • Native: America. It has invaded many African and Asian countries and caused huge economic losses. • Host plants: Maize, cotton, paddy, sorghum, tomato and weed host Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon) • India , May 2018. Life cycle of Spodoptera frugiperda
- 5. Metahelix Confidential. All Rights Reserved Spodoptera frugiperda life stages Egg mass Neonates 1st instar larva 4th instar larva 5th instar larva Infested plant Male moth Female moth
- 6. Metahelix Confidential. All Rights Reserved Yield lose up to 58% (Chimweta et al., 2019). 58% 42% Grain yield YIELD LOSS YIELD
- 7. Metahelix Confidential. All Rights Reserved Tritrophic interaction Maize FAW Trichogramma. sp Egg parasitoid
- 8. Metahelix Confidential. All Rights Reserved How insects finds its host plants? Allyl iso thiocyanate Degradation Receiver Fig: The sender (plant) emits herbivore induced volatiles, which disperse as plumes in the environment Sinigrin Cruciferous crop
- 9. Metahelix Confidential. All Rights Reserved Undamaged plant (UP) Mechanically damaged plant (MDP) Herbivore induced plant (HIPVs) Y-tube
- 10. Metahelix Confidential. All Rights Reserved B Fig: Olfactory preference of Spodoptera frugiperda females to volatiles emitted by undamaged corn plant (UP) and mechanically damaged corn plants (MDP) at 0-1, 5-6, and 24-25h. All plant treatments that differed against blank (B) were compared to volatiles from undamaged plant (UP). B B B B UP UP
- 11. Metahelix Confidential. All Rights Reserved Fig 2: Olfactory preference of Spodoptera frugiperda females to volatiles emitted by undamaged corn plant (UP) and herbivore induced corn plants (HIP) at 0-1, 5-6, and 24-25h. All plant treatments that differed against blank (B) were compared to volatiles from undamaged plant (UP). B B B UP UP
- 12. Metahelix Confidential. All Rights Reserved Conclusion Female moths of S. frugiperda were highly attracted to herbivore- damaged plants 5-6 h. Nevertheless, moths preferred undamaged plant odors over an herbivore-damaged blend 5-6 h. Undamaged plants preference may reflect an adaptive behavior of moths of choosing non-infested plants as oviposition sites in order to avoid competition for their offspring as well as the low availability of food when larvae start hatching. Herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) are important attractive chemical signals for natural enemies and, they represent high risks of parasitism and predation for offspring. .
- 13. Metahelix Confidential. All Rights Reserved The next steps are to identify the plant volatiles responsible for moth attraction which can be a potential source of semiochemicals for behavioral manipulation in the field.
- 14. Metahelix Confidential. All Rights Reserved • Isolation and identification of volatiles from host plants Poropaq method of extraction GCMS GC-EAD
- 15. Metahelix Confidential. All Rights Reserved Expected outcome Key volatiles related to host attractiveness and ovipositional behavior which can synergies with Sex pheromone and can make new formulation which can entrap both the male and female population
- 16. Metahelix Confidential. All Rights Reserved Thank you Thank you