Experimental studies on replacement of fine aggregates by bottom ash for developing high strength concrete
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this ppt includes the information regarding the replacement of fine aggregate by bottom ash to gain M40 concrete
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Bottom ash as a partial replacement of fine aggregate
This document presents research on using bottom ash, a byproduct of coal burning, to replace fine aggregates in concrete. A group of students conducted experiments with 0%, 20%, 40%, and 60% replacement of fine sand with bottom ash. Test results showed compressive strengths of 49.7, 47.8, 43.6, and 41.2 MPa at 28 days, respectively, indicating strength decreases as replacement increases. While bottom ash concrete is weaker, it can replace lower grade concretes. Using bottom ash in this way utilizes a waste product, reduces environmental contamination from ash disposal, and decreases demand for natural sand.
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1) An experimental study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of using recycled coarse aggregates (RCA) in concrete. Concrete mixes were prepared by replacing normal coarse aggregates with RCA at percentages ranging from 20-40%.
2) Compressive strength tests were performed on concrete cubes at ages of 12 hours, 3 days, 7 days, and 28 days. The results showed that concrete with 40% replacement of RCA achieved higher compressive strengths compared to normal concrete at 28 days.
3) Replacement levels of 20-25% RCA resulted in compressive strengths similar to normal concrete at all ages tested. Higher replacement levels of 30% showed similar early strengths but decreased 28 day strength. The study concluded
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This document discusses self-compacting concrete (SCC), which does not require vibration for compaction. It can be designed to have good filling ability, passing ability, and segregation resistance. The document outlines the objectives, specifications, advantages, applications, characteristics, and test methods for SCC. It also reviews literature on using fibers or fly ash to improve properties of hardened SCC and its alkaline resistance.
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Self-compacting concrete (SCC) was developed in Japan in the 1980s to achieve complete compaction without vibration. SCC flows under its own weight, fills formwork and passes through reinforced areas without segregation of ingredients. It consists of cement, fine and coarse aggregates, chemical and mineral admixtures. Superplasticizers and viscosity modifying agents provide workability and stability. Tests like slump flow, V-funnel, and J-ring evaluate filling ability, passing ability and resistance to segregation. SCC offers benefits of reduced labor, better compaction and surface finish compared to conventional concrete but requires more precise material proportions and quality control.
GGBS
This document discusses ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), a byproduct of steel production that can be used in concrete production. It has several benefits over traditional Portland cement concrete including greater strength, durability, and sustainability. GGBFS concrete exhibits improved sulfate and chloride resistance, reduces temperatures in large pours, and results in a lighter colored, smoother finish. It also enhances workability and pumpability while requiring less water. Overall, incorporating GGBFS in concrete delivers higher performance while reducing costs and environmental impact.
HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE MIX DESIGN [IS 10262-2019].pptx
High strength concrete (HSC) complete detailed mix design. you can refer it for your knowledge or academic purpose. for more information regarding civil engineering, follow us on
YouTube channel : https://youtube.com/channel/UCSfiThc6MlOZ9jbDecoQIaw
LinkedIn : https://www.linkedin.com/in/shivaprasad-rajoor-9b04411a9
blog : https://civilcareer4you.blogspot.com/
Like, share and subscribe/Follow
Rheology of concrete
This document discusses using a scientific approach to determine the workability of concrete by measuring its rheological properties. It outlines that workability is traditionally determined through empirical tests like slump tests, which have limitations. Rheology allows measurement of yield stress and plastic viscosity, parameters that better describe concrete flow. Various rheometers are described that can measure these properties, like coaxial cylinder and parallel plate devices. Factors influencing concrete rheology are also discussed. The document concludes workability should be evaluated based on rheological measurements to address limitations of empirical tests.
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This document provides information on concrete mix design including objectives, materials used, factors affecting mix choices, and the IS (Indian Standards) method for mix design with an example. The key concrete making materials are cement, aggregates, water, and admixtures. The IS method is a 7-step process that involves selecting a target strength, water-cement ratio, estimating air content and water requirements, determining coarse aggregate proportions, and summarizing the trial mix with adjustments for aggregate properties. An example mix design is provided for M40 grade concrete using OPC, fly ash, and superplasticizer to achieve pumpable workability.
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Bottom ash as a partial replacement of fine aggregate
This document presents research on using bottom ash, a byproduct of coal burning, to replace fine aggregates in concrete. A group of students conducted experiments with 0%, 20%, 40%, and 60% replacement of fine sand with bottom ash. Test results showed compressive strengths of 49.7, 47.8, 43.6, and 41.2 MPa at 28 days, respectively, indicating strength decreases as replacement increases. While bottom ash concrete is weaker, it can replace lower grade concretes. Using bottom ash in this way utilizes a waste product, reduces environmental contamination from ash disposal, and decreases demand for natural sand.
Final review ppt project EFFECTIVENESS OF USING RECYCLED COARSE AGGREGATES IN...
1) An experimental study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of using recycled coarse aggregates (RCA) in concrete. Concrete mixes were prepared by replacing normal coarse aggregates with RCA at percentages ranging from 20-40%.
2) Compressive strength tests were performed on concrete cubes at ages of 12 hours, 3 days, 7 days, and 28 days. The results showed that concrete with 40% replacement of RCA achieved higher compressive strengths compared to normal concrete at 28 days.
3) Replacement levels of 20-25% RCA resulted in compressive strengths similar to normal concrete at all ages tested. Higher replacement levels of 30% showed similar early strengths but decreased 28 day strength. The study concluded
Self compaction concrete
This document discusses self-compacting concrete (SCC), which does not require vibration for compaction. It can be designed to have good filling ability, passing ability, and segregation resistance. The document outlines the objectives, specifications, advantages, applications, characteristics, and test methods for SCC. It also reviews literature on using fibers or fly ash to improve properties of hardened SCC and its alkaline resistance.
Self compacting concrete
Self-compacting concrete (SCC) was developed in Japan in the 1980s to achieve complete compaction without vibration. SCC flows under its own weight, fills formwork and passes through reinforced areas without segregation of ingredients. It consists of cement, fine and coarse aggregates, chemical and mineral admixtures. Superplasticizers and viscosity modifying agents provide workability and stability. Tests like slump flow, V-funnel, and J-ring evaluate filling ability, passing ability and resistance to segregation. SCC offers benefits of reduced labor, better compaction and surface finish compared to conventional concrete but requires more precise material proportions and quality control.
GGBS
This document discusses ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), a byproduct of steel production that can be used in concrete production. It has several benefits over traditional Portland cement concrete including greater strength, durability, and sustainability. GGBFS concrete exhibits improved sulfate and chloride resistance, reduces temperatures in large pours, and results in a lighter colored, smoother finish. It also enhances workability and pumpability while requiring less water. Overall, incorporating GGBFS in concrete delivers higher performance while reducing costs and environmental impact.
HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE MIX DESIGN [IS 10262-2019].pptx
High strength concrete (HSC) complete detailed mix design. you can refer it for your knowledge or academic purpose. for more information regarding civil engineering, follow us on
YouTube channel : https://youtube.com/channel/UCSfiThc6MlOZ9jbDecoQIaw
LinkedIn : https://www.linkedin.com/in/shivaprasad-rajoor-9b04411a9
blog : https://civilcareer4you.blogspot.com/
Like, share and subscribe/Follow
Rheology of concrete
This document discusses using a scientific approach to determine the workability of concrete by measuring its rheological properties. It outlines that workability is traditionally determined through empirical tests like slump tests, which have limitations. Rheology allows measurement of yield stress and plastic viscosity, parameters that better describe concrete flow. Various rheometers are described that can measure these properties, like coaxial cylinder and parallel plate devices. Factors influencing concrete rheology are also discussed. The document concludes workability should be evaluated based on rheological measurements to address limitations of empirical tests.
Mix design for concrete
This document provides information on concrete mix design including objectives, materials used, factors affecting mix choices, and the IS (Indian Standards) method for mix design with an example. The key concrete making materials are cement, aggregates, water, and admixtures. The IS method is a 7-step process that involves selecting a target strength, water-cement ratio, estimating air content and water requirements, determining coarse aggregate proportions, and summarizing the trial mix with adjustments for aggregate properties. An example mix design is provided for M40 grade concrete using OPC, fly ash, and superplasticizer to achieve pumpable workability.
self compacting concrete
Self-compacting concrete (SCC) was developed in Japan in the 1980s to solve issues with inadequate concrete compaction. SCC is highly flowable under its own weight and fills formwork without vibration. It was pioneered by Professor Hajime Okamura and has seen increasing use globally since 2000. The document discusses the constituents, properties, testing, and advantages of SCC compared to traditional vibrated concrete.
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Proportioning of concrete mixtures: Factors considered in the design of mix . BIS Method, ACI method.,Properties of hardened concrete: Strength- compressive tensile
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factors affecting creep, effect of creep - shrinkage- factors affecting
shrinkage, plastic shrinkage, drying shrinkage, autogeneous
shrinkage, carbonation shrinkage ,Durability of concrete: Durability concept; factors affecting,
reinforcement corrosion; fire resistance; frost damage; sulfate
attack; alkali silica reaction; concrete in sea water, statistical quality
control, acceptance criteria as per BIS code.
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types -High strength concrete - Self compacting concrete -Roller
compacted concrete – Ready mixed concrete – Fibre reinforced
concrete - polymer concrete
Special processes and technology for particular types of
structure - Sprayed concrete; underwater concrete, mass concrete;
slip form construction, Prefabrication technology
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Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is a highly fluid concrete that can spread and consolidate under its own weight without vibration. It was developed in Japan in the 1980s to solve issues with vibration-induced segregation and the lack of skilled workers. SCC flows easily into formwork and passes through reinforcement without blocking. It has higher durability and quality than conventional concrete due to better compaction. SCC uses the same materials as regular concrete but requires superplasticizers and viscosity modifying agents to achieve flowability without segregation.
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- ACI and BIS methods are described for determining mix proportions based on factors like strength, workability, durability, and materials.
- A step-by-step example is provided to design a mix using the ACI method for a specified 30MPa strength, including determining water-cement ratio, volumes, and final proportions.
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Cements: Review of types of cements, chemical composition; properties and tests, chemical and physical process of hydration,Blended cements.Properties of fresh concrete - basics regarding fresh concrete –
mixing, workability, placement, consolidation, and curing,
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reinforcement corrosion; fire resistance; frost damage; sulfate
attack; alkali silica reaction; concrete in sea water, statistical quality
control, acceptance criteria as per BIS code.
Non-destructive testing of concrete: Surface Hardness, Ultrasonic,
Penetration resistance, Pull-out test, chemical testing for chloride
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This document discusses steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC). SFRC increases the structural integrity of concrete by adding short, discrete steel fibers that are uniformly distributed and randomly oriented. The document outlines the materials used including cement, aggregates, water, and steel fibers. It describes the mix design process and percentages of steel fibers tested. Beams and cubes were cast with the concrete mixtures and cured before testing to determine the compressive and flexural strengths of the SFRC. The results and conclusions are summarized, with references provided.
Mix design-ppt
The document discusses concrete mix design, including:
- Concrete is made from cement, aggregates, water, and sometimes admixtures.
- ACI and BIS methods are described for determining mix proportions based on factors like strength, workability, durability, and materials.
- A step-by-step example is provided to design a mix using the ACI method for a specified 30MPa strength, including determining water-cement ratio, volumes, and final proportions.
Factor effecting the strength of concrete
Through this presentation you can know about the factors which effects the strength of concrete.
Thanks.
Ultra-high performance concrete
This document provides an introduction to Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC), including its key properties. UHPC has very high compressive and tensile strengths due to its reduced porosity and improved microstructure from the addition of discontinuous fibers. It also has enhanced durability and dimensional stability. Some key properties discussed include UHPC's high compressive strength above 21.7 ksi, tensile strength above 0.72 ksi, lower drying shrinkage compared to normal concrete, and improved resistance to chloride ion penetration and carbonation. In conclusion, UHPC exhibits high strength, dimensional stability, durability and toughness due to its dense microstructure and inclusion of fibers.
Hardened Concrete
The document discusses factors that affect the strength of concrete, including water-cement ratio, aggregate-cement ratio, maximum aggregate size, and degree of compaction. It states that concrete strength is inversely proportional to water-cement ratio according to Abrams' law. A lower water-cement ratio and higher degree of compaction produce stronger concrete by reducing porosity. A leaner aggregate-cement ratio also increases strength by absorbing water and reducing shrinkage. Larger aggregate size can reduce water needs but may decrease strength by lowering surface area for bond development.
Partial replacement of cement with glass powder and egg shell ash in concrete
This document summarizes a study on partially replacing cement with glass powder and egg shell ash in concrete. Concrete cubes were made with 0%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% replacement of cement and tested at 7, 14, and 28 days. The testing showed that concrete with 20% replacement achieved higher compressive and split tensile strengths compared to the control mix without replacement. The study aims to increase the strength of concrete while reducing waste and the cost of concrete production.
Pull out test for concrete
The document provides instructions for conducting pull-out tests to determine the compressive strength of concrete. It states that pull-out tests should be confirmed to BS 1881 Part 207 and give a direct tensile strength value. It describes how inserts can be cast into wet concrete or positioned in hardened concrete using an under-reamed groove. When testing, at least four pull-out tests should be performed at each location and a loading rate of 0.5 ± 0.2 kN/s should be used for 25mm diameter inserts. The compressive strength can then be calculated from the direct tensile strength value obtained during testing.
Recycled Aggregate Concrete
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Effect on compressive strength of concrete using sea sand as a partial replac...
Abstract Concrete is a major construction material used in the construction now a days. It is a composite material containing cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and water. Fine aggregate is required in large quantities for manufacturing of concrete. Generally river sand is used as a fine aggregate. Due to increase in the utilization of concrete in construction sector, the need for river sand has been increased enormously. Limitations have been laid on the large scale mining of river sand from river beds. In this context there are cases of illegal mixing of sea sand with river sand. This paper mainly presents the practical study of the compressive strength of the concrete in which sea sand was used as fine aggregate is partially or completely replaced. For this study first control specimens were laid for M20 grade concrete. The fine aggregate proportion from the design mix was replaced partially in percentages of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% by sea sand. Compressive strength test was conducted on the various concrete specimens with various fine aggregate proportions and the results were tabulated. The compressive strengths of concrete specimens for respective mix proportions were tested at 7, 14 and 28 days of water curing. The behavior of concrete by partial replacement of fine aggregate with sea sand has been studied. With the increase in the percentage of sea sand replacement in concrete, the compressive strength of the concrete significantly reduced. Keywords: Concrete, Fine Aggregate, sea sand, Compressive strength
Partial replacement of Fine aggreggate by Copper Slag and Cement by Fly Ash
The document summarizes research on replacing fine aggregate with copper slag and cement with fly ash in concrete. It provides background on copper slag and fly ash, including their composition and how they are produced. It then reviews several previous studies that investigated replacing fine aggregate with copper slag at levels from 5-100% and cement with fly ash at 20-60%. The studies found that compressive, tensile and flexural strength generally increased up to around 40% replacement. The document aims to further study the effects of these replacements on concrete strength and properties.
Coarse Aggregate
Aggregate are important constituents in concrete, making up 70-80% of its volume. Aggregates can be classified in several ways: by size (coarse or fine), source (natural or manufactured), unit weight (lightweight, normal weight, or heavyweight), shape (rounded, angular, flaky), and surface texture (smooth, granular, crystalline). Ideal aggregates are hard, strong, durable, dense, clean, and free of materials that could compromise the concrete. Tests are conducted on aggregates to determine properties like particle size, impact value, crushing value, and abrasion value to ensure good quality for use in concrete.
Standard test on fresh concrete
This PPT describes all the different test on Fresh Concrete. And all the test are described in detail with procedure.
A Seminar on Under Water Concreting
1. Underwater concreting requires special concrete mixes that are self-compacting and self-leveling due to the inability to vibrate concrete underwater.
2. The tremie method, where concrete is poured from a sealed bottom pipe, is the most reliable technique for placing underwater concrete.
3. Several factors must be controlled for successful underwater concretes including flowability, segregation resistance, strength development, and prevention of cold joints and laitance.
partial replacement of fine aggregate by glass powder in concrete
partial replacement of fine aggregate by glass powder, is on going project in india, glass powder enhance the strength of the concrete
Aggregates ppt
This document summarizes the classification and properties of aggregates used in construction. It defines aggregates as inert materials mixed with cement or lime for mortar or concrete. Aggregates are classified as fine or coarse based on particle size. Common fine aggregates include sand from various sources, while coarse aggregates include crushed stone and gravel. Key properties discussed include size, shape, composition and performance in tests such as crushing value, impact value and abrasion value. Sieve analysis is also described to determine particle size distribution. An ideal aggregate is characterized as hard, strong, dense and free of impurities to provide durable concrete.
Fly ash concrete ppt
basic knowledge about performance and characteristics of fly ash based concrete. this was my first presentation....so hard core civil engineers might consider me a layman!... anyway its a good way to start knowing gist and basics.
Concrete mix design
This document provides details on the steps involved in cement concrete mix design. It begins by defining cement concrete mix design as determining the proportions of cement, water, fine aggregate, and coarse aggregate to produce concrete with specified properties like workability, strength, and durability at minimum cost. It then outlines 14 steps to conduct a mix design including determining material properties, selecting trial water-cement ratios, casting test cubes, and selecting the final mix based on compressive strength results. An example mix design is then shown for M30 grade concrete with 20mm maximum aggregate size and moderate exposure achieving a compressive strength of 390 kg/cm2.
Use of Waste Materials As a replacement of Coarse Aggregate in Concrete Mix
The document discusses the use of waste materials in concrete. It outlines the objectives of reducing waste and finding alternative materials for construction. Three waste materials are examined: e-waste, rubber tire waste, and coconut shell waste. Their properties like water absorption and specific gravity are tested. Previous research on using these wastes in concrete is summarized. Experiments are described to determine properties of materials. A concrete mix design is provided with the goal of achieving 25MPa compressive strength. The document aims to explore sustainable and economical use of waste in construction materials.
Properties of Fresh and Hardened Concrete
1. The document discusses the properties of fresh and hardened concrete, including workability, strength, permeability, and durability.
2. Workability of fresh concrete refers to the effort required to mix and place the concrete without segregation. It is measured by tests like slump.
3. Compressive strength is an important property of hardened concrete, as concrete is designed to resist compressive loads. Strength depends on factors like water-cement ratio and compaction.
4. Permeability and durability are also important properties, as permeability affects how easily substances like water or salts can pass through concrete. Low permeability leads to higher durability.
Strength properties of concrete with partial replacement of sand by bottom ash
This document summarizes an experimental study on the strength properties of concrete with partial replacement of manufactured sand (M sand) by bottom ash. Bottom ash is a waste product from coal combustion in power plants. The study found that replacing up to 30% of M sand with bottom ash had only a marginal reduction in compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural strength of the concrete. Results showed the 30% replacement mix achieved comparable 28-day strengths to the control mix. The study concludes that bottom ash can be used to partially replace M sand in concrete, reducing environmental impacts while providing sufficient strength for many applications.
Sand, rarer than one thinks
URL: http://www.ejolt.org/2014/08/building-an-economy-on-quicksand/
'..Until recently sand was extracted in land quarries and riverbeds; however, these inland resources have nearly been depleted so that extraction has shifted to marine and coastal aggregates mining.'
Sand from deserts cannot be used for most purposes, as wind erosion over time forms round grains that do not bind well [4]. For most industrial uses, edged sand grains with a rough surface are needed, which stick together naturally. Desert sands, however, are usually fine- grained and of low shear strength –it does not even suit as material for the creation of artificial islands. Dubai, for example, used up all its suitable marine sand supplies for an artificial set of sand islands and, after these were exhausted, now has to import sand from Australia for continuing its building madness.
Most of the sand is by now extracted from the ocean floor – globally thousands of large boats are sucking up huge quantities of sand from the ocean floor in coastal areas like vacuum cleaners. As a result of currents, gravitation and movements of the waves, the gaps which were created by sand extraction are then filled by sand sliding in from surrounding areas and beaches. Due to this vicious cycle in Miami each year beaches have to be replenished with dredged-up sand to further provide tourists with its famous beaches.
In some extreme cases, the mining of marine aggregates has even changed international boundaries, such as through the disappearance of entire islands in Indonesia – since 2005 at least 24 small islands have disappeared as a result of erosion caused by illegal sand mining. Most of this sand is going to Singapore, which has expanded its surface area by 22% since the 1960s [5]. In response to this potentially heavy environmental toll many neighboring countries (Indonesia, Malaysia and Vietnam) have now banned exports of sand to Singapore, but this has only shifted the problem to countries such as Cambodia.
The conflicts caused by sand mining were for the first time brought to the attention of the general public through the documentary Sand Wars. Among many other outreach victories, the documentary inspired the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) to publish a Global Environmental Alert in March 2014 titled “Sand, rarer than one thinks”. In it, the authors state that “Formed by erosive processes over thousands of years, they [sand and gravel] are now being extracted at a rate far greater than their renewal”.
Sustainability in low cost houses
This workshop is about promotion of locally sustainable building construction methods for slum Improvement depending on sustainable construction principles, which aims to use local environmental compatible materials to construct sustainable and low cost houses.Sustainable Building Construction
HOMOGENISASI SAMPEL BOTTOM ASH SEBAGAI SAMPEL MONITORING MENGGUNAKAN ED-XRF E...
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang homogenisasi sampel bottom ash sebagai sampel monitoring menggunakan alat ED-XRF Epsilon 5. Sampel bottom ash dihomogenisasi dan dikeringkan sebelum dilakukan pengujian kadar oksida mayor dan minor menggunakan alat tersebut. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sampel bottom ash bersifat homogen dan alat ED-XRF Epsilon 5 stabil, sehingga nilai oksida yang didapat dapat digunakan sebagai sampel acuan.
B5230510
This study investigated the use of quarry dust as a partial replacement for fine aggregates in concrete. Fine aggregates were replaced with quarry dust at 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% by weight. Concrete specimens were tested for compressive strength, water absorption, and density at 28 days. Results showed that compressive strength increased up to 30% replacement, beyond which it decreased. Water absorption increased with higher quarry dust content, indicating a decrease in durability. Density also decreased with more quarry dust, making the concrete lighter. The study found that 30% replacement of fine aggregates with quarry dust provided optimal results.
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STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF CONCRETE WITH WASHED BOTTOM ASH PARTIALLY REPLACE...
STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF CONCRETE WITH WASHED BOTTOM ASH PARTIALLY REPLACE...
Effect on compressive strength of concrete using sea sand as a partial replac...
Effect on compressive strength of concrete using sea sand as a partial replac...
Partial replacement of Fine aggreggate by Copper Slag and Cement by Fly Ash
Partial replacement of Fine aggreggate by Copper Slag and Cement by Fly Ash
partial replacement of fine aggregate by glass powder in concrete
partial replacement of fine aggregate by glass powder in concrete
Use of Waste Materials As a replacement of Coarse Aggregate in Concrete Mix
Use of Waste Materials As a replacement of Coarse Aggregate in Concrete Mix
Strength properties of concrete with partial replacement of sand by bottom ash
Strength properties of concrete with partial replacement of sand by bottom ash
HOMOGENISASI SAMPEL BOTTOM ASH SEBAGAI SAMPEL MONITORING MENGGUNAKAN ED-XRF E...
HOMOGENISASI SAMPEL BOTTOM ASH SEBAGAI SAMPEL MONITORING MENGGUNAKAN ED-XRF E...
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The document summarizes an experimental study on replacing fine aggregates with bottom ash for developing high strength concrete. It introduces the objectives of studying the effect of bottom ash replacement on the fresh and hardened properties of concrete. It describes the materials used including bottom ash, cement, coarse aggregates. The methodology explains the material testing, mix design, specimen preparation, casting and curing. The results sections analyzes the workability, compressive strength and split tensile strength of concrete with different bottom ash replacement percentages. It concludes that maximum strength is achieved with 20% bottom ash replacement, proving bottom ash's potential as an alternative to river sand.
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it is Innovative project persentation on MPACT OF MARBLE DUST ON CEMENT CONCRETE PROPERTIES (Civil Engineering) because cement which is important materail for concrete without cement concrete is useless but marble reduse the cost of cement and make it economic and reduse the cost of the project.
thank you
SCP
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一比一原版(爱大毕业证书)爱荷华大学毕业证如何办理
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留信网认证的作用:
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4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
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办理(爱大毕业证书)爱荷华大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
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校名:学校英文全称
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颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理(爱大毕业证书)爱荷华大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
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DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
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Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
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solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
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Call For Paper -3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Advan...
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Experimental studies on replacement of fine aggregates by bottom ash for developing high strength concrete
- 1. E
- 2. ADICHUNCHANAGIRI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING PRESENTATION ON; EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON REPLACEMENT OF FINE AGGREGATE BY BOTTOM ASH FOR DEVELOPING HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE Presented by, KIRAN M SANNAKKI :4AI11CV038 CHANDAN H S :4AI11CV406 MOHAN S :4AI12CV413 Under the guidance of, Mrs. RIKITHA K S Asst Professor Civil Department AIT, Chikmagalur.
- 3. Contents • Introduction • Literature • Objective • Methodology • Reference
- 4. INTRODUCTION • Concrete is a homogenous mixture of cement, coarse, fine aggregates and water. • Aggregates are the main constituents of concrete. • Aggregates occupy more than 70% of mix. • Generally the river sand is used as fine aggregate in concrete and it is obtained by mining the sand from river bed.
- 5. Challenges Facing due to lack of Fine Aggregates • Increased sand mining effects the aquifer of the river bed & causes environmental problems. • All metro and mega cities in India are facing acute shortages of good quality of sand • Unfavorable Government Policies for fine aggregates • These situations made construction industry, in search of an alternative to fine aggregates.
- 6. BOTTOM ASH • Bottom ash is the fine, solid mineral residue that results from the burning of coal in boilers • It is of dark gray color, granular and porous in nature • Over 70% of electricity generated in India, is by combustion of fossil fuels. In which nearly 61% is produced by coal-fired plants.
- 7. DISPOSAL OF BOTTOM ASH • Disposed off either dry, or wet to an open area • Mixing it with water and pumping into artificial lagoon or dumping yards.
- 8. PROPERTIES OF BOTTOM ASH
- 9. LITERATURE REVIEW • M P Kadam et al ( 2013 ) • K. Nataraj et al • A.Seeni et al • R.S. Bang et al • K. Arumugam et al
- 10. OBJECTIVES • The effect of furnace bottom ash on fresh properties like workability. Hardened properties like compressive strength, split tensile strength • The natural sand has to be replaced by bottom ash, 0,10,20,30% and metakolin as mineral admixture 10% for the weight cement
- 11. METHODOLOGY MATERIALS SELECTION BASIC TESTS ON MATERIALS DESIGN MIX PREPARATION OF SPECIMENS CASTING AND CURING OF SPECIMENS
- 12. BASIC MATERIALS TESTING CEMENT • Specific gravity 3.14 • Fineness 5% • Normal consistency 32% • Initial setting time 50 minutes • Final setting time 405 minutes
- 13. FINE AGGREGATE • Sieve Analysis Confirming to Zone II • Specific gravity 2.61 • Bulk Density 1026 Kg/m³ • Water absorption 1.2%
- 14. COARSE AGGREGATE • 20mm down size well graded aggregates are used. • Specific gravity 2.67 • Fineness modulus 7.191 • Water absorption 0.6%
- 15. ADMIXTURES USED • Mineral admixture as Metakaolin • Chemical admixture as SP430
- 16. MIX DESIGN • By using IS 10262 : 2009 we obtain the proportion of 1 : 1.81 : 3.15 • Water cement ratio of 0.39
- 17. FRESH PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE Workability properties like, • Slump test • Compaction factor test.
- 18. HARDENED PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE • Compressive strength. • Split tensile strength.
- 19. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS FRESH PROPERTIES SERIAL NO GRADE OF CONCRETE REPLACEME NT OF FINE AGGREGATE (%) SLUMP (mm) COMPACTION FACTOR 1 40 0 35 0.9 2 10 24 0.86 3 20 26 0.84 4 30 28 0.82
- 20. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS ON HARDENED PROPERTIES compressive strength of cubes 7 days 14 days 28 days sl n o bottom ash added (%) Dimensio ns (mm) compressive strength (Mpa) compressive strength (Mpa) compressive strength (Mpa) 1 0 150 X 150 X150 31.67 39.12 48.77 2 10 29.67 33.68 42.11 3 20 31.58 39.648 49.56 4 30 27.65 34.696 43.37
- 23. Split tensile strength of cubes 7 days 14 days 28 days sl no bottom ash added (%) Dimensions (mm) Split tensile strength (Mpa) Split tensile strength (Mpa) Split tensile strength (Mpa) 1 0 Diameter 10 cm Height 20 cm 3.5 3.3 5 2 10 2.92 3.18 4.83 3 20 3.31 3.41 5.18 4 30 2.88 3.029 4.59
- 26. Reference • Aggarwal P Civil Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra 136119, India. Asian journal of civil engineering (building and housing) vol. 8, no. 1 (2007) pages 49-62
- 27. Reference • M P Kadam Department of civil engineering, NDMVP’S KBTCOE, Gangapur road, Nashik-422013, India 2Department of Applied Mechanics, S V National Institute of Technology, Ichchhanath, Surat-395007, India Email: kadammadhav@yahoo.co.in, chipatil@yahoo.com. International Journal of Advanced Technology in Civil Engineering, ISSN: 2231 –5721, Volume-2, Issue-1, 2013
- 28. PROCUREMENT OF MATERIALS • Bottom Ash from Adani Power Plant - Udupi • Metakolin from Astra Chemicals ltd - Chennai
- 29. . THANK YOU