EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF STRENGTH BEHAVIOUR ON CEMENT MORTAR BY PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT WITH GRANITE WASTE, ALUMINIUM HYDROXIDE AND FULLY REPLACEMENT OF FINE AGGREGATE BY CRUSHED STONE DUST
Partial Replacement of Cement by Saw Dust Ash in Concrete A Sustainable ApproachIJERD Editor
Concrete industry is one of the largest consumers of natural resources due to which sustainability of concrete industry is under threat. The environmental and economic concern is the biggest challenge concrete industry is facing. In this paper, the issues of environmental and economic concern are addressed by the use of saw dust ash as partial replacement of cement in concrete. Cement was replaced by Saw Dust Ash as 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% by weight for M-25 mix. The concrete specimens were tested for compressive strength, durability (water absorption) and density at 28 days of age and the results obtained were compared with those of normal concrete. The results concluded the permissibility of using Saw Dust Ash as partial replacement of cement up to 10% by weight for particle size of range 90micron.
Concrete is the most widely used construction material in India with annual consumption exceeding 100 million cubic meters.
High performance concrete is a concrete in which certain characteristics are developed for a particular application and environment, so that it will give excellent performance in the structure in which it will be placed.
A high-strength concrete is always a high performance concrete, but a high-performance concrete is not always a high-strength concrete.
Partial Replacement of Cement by Saw Dust Ash in Concrete A Sustainable ApproachIJERD Editor
Concrete industry is one of the largest consumers of natural resources due to which sustainability of concrete industry is under threat. The environmental and economic concern is the biggest challenge concrete industry is facing. In this paper, the issues of environmental and economic concern are addressed by the use of saw dust ash as partial replacement of cement in concrete. Cement was replaced by Saw Dust Ash as 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% by weight for M-25 mix. The concrete specimens were tested for compressive strength, durability (water absorption) and density at 28 days of age and the results obtained were compared with those of normal concrete. The results concluded the permissibility of using Saw Dust Ash as partial replacement of cement up to 10% by weight for particle size of range 90micron.
Concrete is the most widely used construction material in India with annual consumption exceeding 100 million cubic meters.
High performance concrete is a concrete in which certain characteristics are developed for a particular application and environment, so that it will give excellent performance in the structure in which it will be placed.
A high-strength concrete is always a high performance concrete, but a high-performance concrete is not always a high-strength concrete.
Improved Concrete Properties Using Quarry Dust as Replacement for Natural SandIJERD Editor
Concrete plays a major role in the construction industry. Natural sand is a prime material used for
the preparation of concrete and also plays an important role in Mix Design. Now a day’s river erosion and other
environmental issues have led to the scarcity of river sand. The reduction in the sources of natural sand and the
requirement for reduction in the cost of concrete production has resulted in the increased need to find new
alternative materials to replace river sand so that excess river erosion is prevented and high strength concrete is
obtained at lower cost. One such material is Quarry stone dust: a by-product obtained during quarrying process.
Attempts have been made to study the suitability of Quarry dust as sand replacing material and it has been found
that Quarry dust improves the mechanical properties of concrete as well as elastic modulus. The optimum
compressive strength is achieved at the proportion of fine to coarse with 60:40 ratio
Fly ash bricks used to construct masonic structures, buildings, bridges,etc. Help to understand difference between red bricks and fly ash bricks. SWOT analysis of fly ash bricks. pricing methods. Payment terms. applications.
Water Is Important In Our Day To Day Life. Water Is Used For Domestic, Irrigation And Several Purpose. Water Also Plays A Key Role In Concrete. The Main Aim Of Investigation Is To Study The Behavior Of Concrete, When Self Curing Agents Like Water Soluble Polymeric Glycol Is Used. Self Curing Concrete Is Curing Of Concrete By Its Own Without Any External Supply Of Water. The Strength And Durability Of Concrete Will Be Fully Developed Only If It Is Cured Properly. To Achieve Good Cure, Excessive Evaporation Of Water From Fresh Concrete Should Be Avoided. Curing Operations Should Ensure That Adequate Amount Of Water Is Available For Cement Hydration To Occur. To Reduce Evaporation, Water Density Should Be Increased. To Increase Density Of Water An Admixture Of Polymeric Glycol Is Mixed In Water.
Development of unfired bricks using industrial waste Sandeep Jain
A research project aimed at production of an unfired, non-structural, binder brick with 100% waste material, using fly ash, pond ash, coal cinder, & paper sludge along with lime and gypsum system to alleviate resources like coal, diesel, preservation of top soil, prevention of harmful emissions simultaneously managing the industrial waste.
Project Guide: Dr Shashank Bishnoi, Civil Engineering Department, IIT Delhi
PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF COARSE AGGREGATE WITH WASTE CERAMIC TILE IN CONCRETELokeshShirbhate2
PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF COARSE AGGREGATE WITH WASTE CERAMIC TILE IN CONCRETE.
This Presentation is Describe the behavior of concrete after the use of Ceramic tiles in concrete as a replacement of coarse Aggregate.
Partial Replacement of Cement with Marble Dust PowderIJERA Editor
The waste generated from the industries cause environmental problems. Hence the reuse of this waste material
can be emphasized. MarbleDust Powder (MDP) is a developing composite materialthatwillallow the
concrèteindustry to optimisemateriel use, generateeconomicbenefits and build structures thatwillstrong, durable
and sensitive to environnement. MDP is by-product obtained during the quarrying process from the parent
marble rock; which contains high calcium oxide content of more than 50%. The potential use of MDP can be an
ideal choice for substituting in a cementitious binder as the reactivity efficiency increases due to the presence of
lime. In this research work, the waste MDP passing through 90 microns,has used for investigating of hardened
concrete properties. Furthermore, the effect of different percentage replacement of MDP on the compressive
strength, splitting tensile strength (indirect tensile strength)&flexural strength has been observed. Inthis
experimental study, the effect of MDP in concrete on strength ispresented. Five concrete mixtures containing
0%, 5%, 10%, and 20% MDP as cement replacement by weightbasis has been prepared. Water/cement ratio
(0.43) was kept constant, in all the concretemixes. Compressive strength, split tensile strength & flexural
strength of the concrete mixtures has been obtainedat 7 and 28 days. The results of the laboratory work showed
thatreplacement of cement with MDP increase, upto 10% for compressive strength,&upto 15% for split
tensilestrength &flexural strength of concrete.
Rapid industrialization leads to the maximum
discharge of waste products which in turn causing the
environmental hazards. These wastes can be a substitute for
conventional material, when utilized in a best way. Red Mud is
a waste generated by the aluminum industry (an average of
3million tons per year) in a Bayer’s process and its disposal is a
major problem for these industries as this is highly caustic and
causes ground water contamination, leading to health hazards.
By taking cementatious behavior of the red mud into account,
an experiment was carried out to partially replace the cement
by red mud in concrete for different percentages and also its
effects on the strength and other properties of the concrete
Studies on gold ore tailings as partial replacement of fine aggregates in con...IJLT EMAS
River sand is becoming scarce and meeting the demand
of fine aggregates in the construction industry is becoming a
challenging task. In this investigation an attempt is made to
utilize gold ore tailings as a partial substitute for river sand in
producing concrete. River sand is replaced with 5%, 10%, 15%,
20% and 25% gold ore tailings and the resulting fine aggregates
were used in concrete mix and it is compared with conventional
concrete. Mix proportions for M20 concrete were obtained for
five mixes as per guidelines given in IS: 10262-2009. Workability,
compressive strength and flexural strength are reported. The
strengths were obtained at the ages of 3, 7 and 28 days.
Compressive and flexural strength increased marginally from
5% to 15% replacement. There is a slight decrease in the
corresponding compressive and flexural strengths at 20%
replacement. Good correlation was observed between
compressive strength and flexural strength. It was observed that
the addition of gold ore tailings that would replace the fine
material at particular proportion has displayed an enhancing
effect on mechanical properties of concrete. This investigation
proves that gold ore tailings can be used as a partial substitute
for river sand in preparing concrete.
Improved Concrete Properties Using Quarry Dust as Replacement for Natural SandIJERD Editor
Concrete plays a major role in the construction industry. Natural sand is a prime material used for
the preparation of concrete and also plays an important role in Mix Design. Now a day’s river erosion and other
environmental issues have led to the scarcity of river sand. The reduction in the sources of natural sand and the
requirement for reduction in the cost of concrete production has resulted in the increased need to find new
alternative materials to replace river sand so that excess river erosion is prevented and high strength concrete is
obtained at lower cost. One such material is Quarry stone dust: a by-product obtained during quarrying process.
Attempts have been made to study the suitability of Quarry dust as sand replacing material and it has been found
that Quarry dust improves the mechanical properties of concrete as well as elastic modulus. The optimum
compressive strength is achieved at the proportion of fine to coarse with 60:40 ratio
Fly ash bricks used to construct masonic structures, buildings, bridges,etc. Help to understand difference between red bricks and fly ash bricks. SWOT analysis of fly ash bricks. pricing methods. Payment terms. applications.
Water Is Important In Our Day To Day Life. Water Is Used For Domestic, Irrigation And Several Purpose. Water Also Plays A Key Role In Concrete. The Main Aim Of Investigation Is To Study The Behavior Of Concrete, When Self Curing Agents Like Water Soluble Polymeric Glycol Is Used. Self Curing Concrete Is Curing Of Concrete By Its Own Without Any External Supply Of Water. The Strength And Durability Of Concrete Will Be Fully Developed Only If It Is Cured Properly. To Achieve Good Cure, Excessive Evaporation Of Water From Fresh Concrete Should Be Avoided. Curing Operations Should Ensure That Adequate Amount Of Water Is Available For Cement Hydration To Occur. To Reduce Evaporation, Water Density Should Be Increased. To Increase Density Of Water An Admixture Of Polymeric Glycol Is Mixed In Water.
Development of unfired bricks using industrial waste Sandeep Jain
A research project aimed at production of an unfired, non-structural, binder brick with 100% waste material, using fly ash, pond ash, coal cinder, & paper sludge along with lime and gypsum system to alleviate resources like coal, diesel, preservation of top soil, prevention of harmful emissions simultaneously managing the industrial waste.
Project Guide: Dr Shashank Bishnoi, Civil Engineering Department, IIT Delhi
PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF COARSE AGGREGATE WITH WASTE CERAMIC TILE IN CONCRETELokeshShirbhate2
PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF COARSE AGGREGATE WITH WASTE CERAMIC TILE IN CONCRETE.
This Presentation is Describe the behavior of concrete after the use of Ceramic tiles in concrete as a replacement of coarse Aggregate.
Partial Replacement of Cement with Marble Dust PowderIJERA Editor
The waste generated from the industries cause environmental problems. Hence the reuse of this waste material
can be emphasized. MarbleDust Powder (MDP) is a developing composite materialthatwillallow the
concrèteindustry to optimisemateriel use, generateeconomicbenefits and build structures thatwillstrong, durable
and sensitive to environnement. MDP is by-product obtained during the quarrying process from the parent
marble rock; which contains high calcium oxide content of more than 50%. The potential use of MDP can be an
ideal choice for substituting in a cementitious binder as the reactivity efficiency increases due to the presence of
lime. In this research work, the waste MDP passing through 90 microns,has used for investigating of hardened
concrete properties. Furthermore, the effect of different percentage replacement of MDP on the compressive
strength, splitting tensile strength (indirect tensile strength)&flexural strength has been observed. Inthis
experimental study, the effect of MDP in concrete on strength ispresented. Five concrete mixtures containing
0%, 5%, 10%, and 20% MDP as cement replacement by weightbasis has been prepared. Water/cement ratio
(0.43) was kept constant, in all the concretemixes. Compressive strength, split tensile strength & flexural
strength of the concrete mixtures has been obtainedat 7 and 28 days. The results of the laboratory work showed
thatreplacement of cement with MDP increase, upto 10% for compressive strength,&upto 15% for split
tensilestrength &flexural strength of concrete.
Rapid industrialization leads to the maximum
discharge of waste products which in turn causing the
environmental hazards. These wastes can be a substitute for
conventional material, when utilized in a best way. Red Mud is
a waste generated by the aluminum industry (an average of
3million tons per year) in a Bayer’s process and its disposal is a
major problem for these industries as this is highly caustic and
causes ground water contamination, leading to health hazards.
By taking cementatious behavior of the red mud into account,
an experiment was carried out to partially replace the cement
by red mud in concrete for different percentages and also its
effects on the strength and other properties of the concrete
Studies on gold ore tailings as partial replacement of fine aggregates in con...IJLT EMAS
River sand is becoming scarce and meeting the demand
of fine aggregates in the construction industry is becoming a
challenging task. In this investigation an attempt is made to
utilize gold ore tailings as a partial substitute for river sand in
producing concrete. River sand is replaced with 5%, 10%, 15%,
20% and 25% gold ore tailings and the resulting fine aggregates
were used in concrete mix and it is compared with conventional
concrete. Mix proportions for M20 concrete were obtained for
five mixes as per guidelines given in IS: 10262-2009. Workability,
compressive strength and flexural strength are reported. The
strengths were obtained at the ages of 3, 7 and 28 days.
Compressive and flexural strength increased marginally from
5% to 15% replacement. There is a slight decrease in the
corresponding compressive and flexural strengths at 20%
replacement. Good correlation was observed between
compressive strength and flexural strength. It was observed that
the addition of gold ore tailings that would replace the fine
material at particular proportion has displayed an enhancing
effect on mechanical properties of concrete. This investigation
proves that gold ore tailings can be used as a partial substitute
for river sand in preparing concrete.
Production of Interlocking Tiles using Marble SlurryAI Publications
The waste of the marble industry is the cause of many environmental problems because 70% waste and the acquisition of only 30% of the main product contributing to the high non-corrosive spill. Dump sites give a dirty look. Contaminate the top fertile soil cover, and the rivers / bodies of water that touch it irrigation and drinking water and air resources and the loss of plants and animals. The most effective solution for utilization of marble slurry is to apply to Bulk. The only sector that saves eat marble slurry at such a high level only in the construction industry. Concrete is an important building material and is used in construction industry due to its high compression strength and durability. Now a different day concrete workshops were conducted with the intention of reducing costs and unavailability of common items. This paper scans the file for strong areas of various types of concrete used using marble dumps as replacement of good integration. The pieces of marble are finely ground into powder and gradation is compared to a good standard combination of Various marble slurry structures determined in the laboratory. Sp. gravity 2.61, Fineness modulus 0.91 and the use of The marble slurry in Cement Concrete instead of Sand is 30% showing the same strength as Control i,e. 1: 2: 4. Cement Concrete 0% Marble slurry. Marble slurry can be easily used in the construction industry in preparation Cement Concrete.
STUDY ON PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE WITH MANUFACTURED SAND AS REPLACEMENT TO NAT...IAEME Publication
In the present investigation work ability, strength and durability of concrete with manufactured sand as replacement to natural sand in proportions of 0%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 100% is studied. The experiments were conducted on M20 and M30 concrete grade with 450 specimens. Slump cone, compaction factor and vee-bee time tests were conducted to determine work ability. Results showed that as replacement of natural sand by manufactured sand is increased, there is a decrease in the work ability. Compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength tests were conducted to determine strength of concrete. The 60% replacement showed an increase in strength of about 20% and other replacements to an order of minimum 0.93% in both the grades. The durability study is conducted by treating specimens for 30 days with 5% concentrated Hydro Chloric Acid and the concrete mix with 60% replacement has given good durable properties.
compressive strength of concrete containing milled glass as partial substitut...IJAEMSJORNAL
This work reports the outcome of an experiment carried out by using milled glass (MG) of varying percentages (20%, 40% and 60% by weight)of cement in concrete making. MG was sourced for and milled to required fineness. The concrete was batched with mix ratio of 1։2։ 4. Concrete Cube specimens produced were allowed to cure for 7-28 days and compressive strength, slump and setting time tests were carried out and were compared with those of conventional concrete (0% MG). Results obtained showed that compressive strength of the concrete increased with increase in length of curing age, but decreased as the percentage of MG increased. However, the strength still remained in the allowable range of workability for concrete in line with British standard. MG replacement of 20% was found to be the most suitable mix considering the strength and safe use of the concrete. It was concluded that MG replacement of 20% showed no significant loss in strength compared to the control sample and is stable and could be acceptable in most concrete. At the long run. Waste glass that currently constitutes waste concern in built environment in Nigeria can best be managed through alternative use in concrete production.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Water Industry Process Automation and Control Monthly - May 2024.pdf
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF STRENGTH BEHAVIOUR ON CEMENT MORTAR
1. Under the Guidance of :
Mr.D.Chandan Kumar M.E.,
Assistant Professor
AAKASH M 410117103001
ABIRAMI V 410117103002
ISHWARYA K 410117103014
VINOVATHANI J 410117103053
PROJECT MEMBERS
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF STRENGTH
BEHAVIOUR ON CEMENT MORTAR USING
CRUSHED STONE DUST, GRANITE WASTE AND
ALUMINIUM HYDROXIDE AS ADDITIVES
2. ABSTRACT
Our investigates the effect of Granite Waste with Aluminum
Hydroxide used as partial substitute for cement and Crushed
stone dust as fully substitute for sand on the performance of
cement mortar with OPC 53 grade cement and crushed stone
dust available locally.
This study involves the replacement levels of the Granite Waste
to cement 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% with Aluminum
Hydroxide 5% for 1:3 mix proportion and the fully replacement
level of crushed stone dust to sand for 1:3 mix proportion.
Mortar cubes are tested for compressive strength at 3 days, 7
days, 28 days of curing.
3. INTRODUCTION
Huge quantities of construction materials are required in
developing countries due to continued infrastructural growth and
in turn large quantities of construction wastes are generated
every year.
Wastes are also generated from various industries such as stone
dust from crushing unit, aluminum hydroxide from aluminum
industries etc.
The disposal of these wastes is a very serious problem because
these wastes requires huge space for its disposal and pollutes the
environment.
Hence lot of research works need to be carried out to investigate
to use these wastes as construction materials. Aluminum
hydroxide and granite powder are two such industrial wastes
generated in large quantities.
4. Aluminum hydroxide is the waste generated during aluminum
production. From the literature it is observed that aluminum
hydroxide is added to cement as stabilizer and to soil as
flocculating agent.
Aluminum hydroxide is not extremely sensitive to moisture
content variations and is also used as fire retardant filler. These
are the desirable properties for additives used in soil
stabilization.
Granite powder is obtained from the granite slurry generated in
granite processing industry. Granite powder has SiO2as the
major component and small amount of calcium oxide which
helps in the stabilization and hydration with cement.
The grain size and specific gravity of granite powder is also
suitable as an additive to cement. Since granite powder possess
cementitious properties, it can be used as an improver with
cement to develop soil cement stabilized masonry interlocking
blocks.
5. The main objectives of project are:
• To study the properties of cement mortar using granite
waste and aluminum hydroxide
• To determine the optimum dosage of granite waste and
aluminum Hydroxide to be used as replacement of cement
in cement mortar.
• To determine the various strength of cement mortar by
stone dust, Granite waste and Aluminum hydroxide.
• Compressive strength, Abrasion Resistance (IS15658-
2006), Water Absorption
OBJECTIVE
6. SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
• The focus of current study is to use of stone dust,
Granite waste and Aluminum Hydroxide to improve
the strength properties of mortar.
8. S.NO AUTHOR
NAME
TITLE JOURNAL
NAME
YEAR INFORMATION
GAINED
1
Arivumangai, T.
Felixkala
Strength
and
Durability
Properties of
Granite
Powder
Concrete
International
journal of
advanced
research in
engineering
volume 2
2014
The optimum
Granite powder
replacement as
cementation
material is
characterized by
high compressive
strength low heat
of hydration
etc…
LITERATURE REVIEW
9. 2
DEEPTHI
VEMURI,
MS.S.SNIGDHA
An
experimental
study of a red
mud on partial
replacement of
cement with
and without
hydrated lime .
Nigerian
journal of
technology
volume 42
No.2
2018
To realize
pozzolanic
property of red
mud , hydrated
lime was
accessorial.
3
ZAHRA
ABDOLLAHNE
JAD,
MOHAMMAD
MASTALI,
MAHROO
FALAH
Construction
and demolition
waste as
recycled
aggregates in
alkali activated
concrete.
International
journal of
trend in
scientific
research &
developement
2019
The main
difficulties
observed with
recycled
aggregates in
concrete such as
high levels of
water demands ,
porous structure
and low
mechanical
strength occur in
RAAAC.
10. 4
A.J.PATEL1,
Dr.V.M.PATEL 2 ,
RODRIGUEZ
Partial
replacement of
cement in
concrete.
Civil
engineering
journal,
volume 27
2010
From this study has
analysed the chemical ,
physical,
morphological,
mineralogical
characteristics of
several reservoir sludge
and assesses their
potential for use as 20
% addition in blended
cement manufacture .
5
MR.ABHISHEK
M.V, MR.BAVAN
P
Development
of interlocking
blocks using
granite powder
and AlOH3 as
additives.
Jordan
Journal of
Civil
Engineering
2020
AlOH3 can be added in
the range of 4 to 10%
as an additive to soil
and cement to get the
optimum strength of
soil stabilized block.
11. 6
POOJA SHA,
A.K.SACHAN.R
AM PAL SINGH
Utilization of
stone dust as
an effective
alternative for
sand
replacement
in concrete .
Nigerian
journal of
technology
volume 25
2016
Stone dust is
one of
alternative
material which
can be
successfully
used in
construction
and used as
partial
replacement of
natural sand .
7
P.M.THAMIIPPA
VAI2, THAMIZH
LAKSHMI3,
S.THENDRAL4
Development
of concrete
using
industrial
waste
materials as
partial
Replacement
International
Research
Journal of
Engineering
&Technology
(IRJET)
2013
By adding the
by-products
like fly ash,
metakaolin,
lime powder,
glass powder,
aluminum
powder to get
eco-friendly
cement
12. 8
RADHI
ALZUBAIDI
Recycling of
Aluminum
Byproduct
Waste in
Concrete
Production
Jordan
Journal of
Civil
Engineering,
Volume 11,
No. 1
2017
From this study
demonstrate the
viability of using
ALBP in the
production of low-
strength and lighter
concrete and can help
toward a more
sustainable
construction.
9
GANG
ZHOU, SEN
CAO
Strength
Properties of
concrete by
using Clays
and Alum as
Supplementary
Cementitious
Materials
International
Research
Journal of
Engineering
&Technology
2015
From this paper,
work they have used
alkali free
accelerator
containing
Aluminum Sulphate
as main ingredient
along with corrosion
inhibitor and
complexing agents in
concrete
13. 10
Dhir, R. K.;
Hewlett, P.
C.; and
Chan, Y. N.,
Near-surface
Characteristics
of Concrete
Jordan
Journal of
Civil
Engineering,
Volume 11,
No. 1
2017
From this study
demonstrate the
viability of using
ALBP in the
production of low-
strength and lighter
concrete and can help
Abrasion Resistance,
Materials and
Structures,
11
Kaushik C
Gamit, Dr.
Harshvadan
S Patel
Evaluation of
Compressive
Strength of
Mortars
Containing
Stone dust as
partially
replacement
with fine
aggregate
International
Research
Journal of
Engineering
and
Technology
(IRJET)
2018
From this paper,
work they have used
alkali free
accelerator
containing
Aluminum hydroxide
as main ingredient
along with soil and
complexing agents in
concrete
14. MATERIAL USED
1. Cement
2. Granite Powder
3. Aluminium Hydroxide
4. Stone Dust
Sl.No
Chemical
Properties
OPC
Granite
Waste
Aluminum
Hydroxide
1 SiO2 61.55% 11 34.0
2 Al2O3 19.65% 10.18 33.2
3 Fe2O3 5.65% 2.02 22.5
4 CaO 5.40% 51 1.4
5 SO3 2.4% - 0.11
6 MgO 3.9% 11.2 6.2
Chemical properties of various materials
15. CEMENT
The cement was collected from local markets and in one lot
to maintain similarity throughout the investigation
Properties Observation
Normal Consistency 30%
Initial setting time 35 min.
Final setting time 200min.
Specific gravity 3.6
Fineness 5 %
16. Granite Powder
• Granite Powder is obtained from the crusher units in the form of
finer segment Granite Powder disperses easily in presence of
superplasticizer and fills the voids between the quarry sand,
resulting in a well packed mortar mix. Granite belongs to igneous
rock.
• The Granite Powder was together and delivered in wet condition.
• It was Sun dried prior to use in order to control the collaborating
water content.
• The vital chemical composition of the granite is silica and alumina
with suggestions of potassium and sodium
Fineness Modulus 2.31
Specific Gravity 2.72
Water Absorption 2.6%
Moisture Content 2.6%
17. Aluminium Hydroxide
• Aluminium Hydroxide is the waste generated during
aluminium production.
• These have high reactivity in a cement paste and form
with its components a number of compounds, including
high sulphate form of calcium hydrosulfo aluminate, low
sulphate form of calcium hydrosulfo aluminate, and
calcium hydro aluminates such as , which also belong to
the like phases of layered structure.
• It was recognized that in the occurrence of Aluminium
Hydroxide the reduction in the setting time of a mortar is
due to quick development of ettringite stage, with
influence of admixture substantial the main and influence
of aluminium-containing phases at this stage minor
18. Crusher Stone Dust
Stone Dust a waste from the stone crushing division accounts 25% of the
end product from stone overwhelming unit. The finest fractions of fine
aggregate are helpful to prevent separation. Individuals fractions from 4.75
mm to 75 microns are termed as fine aggregate. The fine aggregate used in
this study to produce the SD as sand is petrologically categorized as
granulite and, conferring to its mineralogical configuration, it contains of
hornblende (12 %), alkaline feldspars (15 %), quartz (42 %), plagioclase
(12 %) and hyperstene (15 %) with a small quantity of biotite (4 %). The
rock structure is considered its degree of modifications are very limited. It
is, though, considered by the presence of internal ruptures that are inside
the scale of specific mineral grains.
Fineness Modulus 24.5
Specific Gravity 2.57
Water Absorption 2%
Moisture Content 10%
Sand 92%
Silt 8%
19. Materials Properties Observation
Cement
Normal Consistency 30%
Initial setting time 35 min.
Final setting time 200min.
Specific gravity 3.6
Fineness 5 %
Stone Dust
Fineness Modulus 24.5
Specific Gravity 2.57
Water Absorption 2%
Moisture Content 10%
Sand 92%
Silt 8%
Granite Powder
Fineness Modulus 2.31
Specific Gravity 2.72
Water Absorption 2.6%
Moisture Content 2.6%
Physical Properties of Materials
20. MIX DESIGN
Unit weight of cement mortar =2080kg/m3
Cube size =70.6 x 70.6 x 70.6 mm
Volume of cube = 0.000352m3
Amount of cement mortar required,
=2080 x 0.000352
=0.732kg
Ratio taken, 1:3
Required cement = 1/3 x 1.33 x 1440 x 0.000352m
= 0.170kg
Required Stone dust =0.510kg
Required water =0.5 x 0.170
=0.085kg
21. C-Cement, G-Granite Powder, A-Aluminium Hydroxide, D- stone dust
Cubes moulds of 70 x 70 x 70 mm are cast-off as per the requirement of
Indian standards. w/c = 0.50 was constant throughout the experiment.
Totally 72 specimens were casted for tested at 3, 7 and 28 days. After
suitably mixing of the mortar, mortar was positioned in to moulds in
consecutively in three layer and each layer is well compacted. Cubes be
existing cured at 3 days, 7 days and 28 days in curing tank.
Sl.
No
Mix
No. of specimen required for
No of
specimens
Compression strength
Water
Absorption
Abrasion
resistance
3 days 7 days 28 days 28 days 28 days
1 C100 S100 3 3 3 1 2 12
2 C90 G5 A5 D100 3 3 3 1 2 12
3 C80 G15 A5 D100 3 3 3 1 2 12
4 C70 G25 A5 D100 3 3 3 1 2 12
5 C60 G35 A5 D100 3 3 3 1 2 12
6 C50 G45 A5 D100 3 3 3 1 2 12
Total No of specimens casting 72
23. Results and Discussion
Specimens stored in water shall be tested after removal from
the water and while they are still in the wet condition.
Surface water and perseverance shall be wiped off the
specimens. Specimens when time-honoured dry shall be
kept in water for 24 hours before they are engaged for
testing.
• Compressive strength
• Abrasion Resistance
(IS15658-2006)
• Water Absorption
(IS 1077:1992)
24. 0
2
4
6
8
10
C 1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6
Compressive
Strength
(N/mm
2
)
Mortar Specimens
3 days 7days 28 days
Compressive Strength
27. CONCLUSION
Based on the limited experimental results following conclusions can be drawn.
• The compressive strength is achieved by the more than 10% on C4 mixes is 9.5
N/mm2.
• Whereas granite waste used in cement mortar improves the strength only by 25%
replacement of cement when added with AH. The optimal amount of additional of
cement by Granite Powder, Stone Dust and Aluminium Hydroxide was found to be
25%. Use of Granite Powder resources replacing with cement can decrease the cost.
• All mortar samples fall under Class 5 and have water absorption capacity within 20%
satisfying the provision of the code IS 1077:1992.
• Abrasion can be established on mortar in many arrangements and cruelties. Provided
that a cement mortar with high abrasion opposition trusts on a selection of factors.
• The materials designated have a huge influence proceeding the resistance level, as
does the mix strength gain, composition and construction practices.
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