Experimental research is the most conclusive scientific method because the researcher directly manipulates the independent variable and studies its effects on the dependent variable. This allows the researcher to determine causation, unlike other research methods. The purpose is to establish cause-and-effect relationships between variables. Basic steps include having an experimental group that receives a treatment and a control group that does not, then comparing outcomes. Key characteristics include random assignment to control threats to internal validity. Poor designs do not include control groups or random assignment, making it impossible to determine if results are due to the treatment.