This document summarizes the development and experimental analysis of an orthopedic staple pin made from nickel titanium shape memory alloy. Key points:
1. Nickel titanium shape memory alloy has properties like elastic modulus close to human bone, superior elasticity, and biocompatibility making it suitable for orthopedic staples.
2. Various types of nitinol bone staples are discussed based on their activation temperature - room temperature activated, body temperature activated, and heat activated staples.
3. Experimental analysis was performed to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the chosen nitinol alloy to ensure safety for human use in orthopedic staple pins.
Nitinol paper for website _ Nov 2015 (Revised 24.11.15)Paul Crutchley
Nitinol is a nickel-titanium alloy that exhibits unique properties including shape memory and super-elasticity. It can transform between martensitic and austenitic crystal structures, allowing it to return to its original shape after deformation. This makes Nitinol useful for applications like stents. Nitinol is also biocompatible as nickel releases negligibly from the alloy in the body. ACE has developed a safer, non-acid based process called TiME for etching Nitinol that achieves tight tolerances without altering the alloy's properties, enabling complex geometries for applications like implants.
This document discusses different types of nickel titanium (NiTi) archwires used in orthodontics, including their properties and clinical applications. It describes conventional NiTi, pseudoelastic NiTi, thermoelastic NiTi, and more advanced alloys such as copper NiTi and their characteristics. Various brand names and manufacturers of superelastic and thermoelastic NiTi wires are also mentioned. The document provides details on the mechanisms, advantages, and limitations of different NiTi alloys and guidelines for selecting the appropriate alloy for different stages of treatment.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Exploring Materials for Orthodontic Mini-Implants: A Comprehensive Overview.pdfsafabasiouny1
A temporary anchorage device (TAD) is a device that is temporarily fixed to bone for the purpose of enhancing orthodontic anchorage either by supporting the teeth of the reactive unit ( indirect anchorage ) or by obviating the need for the reactive unit altogether(direct anchorage), and which is subsequently removed after use.
They can be located transosteally, subperiosteally or endosteally; and they can be fixed to bone either mechanically (cortically stabilized) or biochemecially (osseointegrated). It should also be pointed out that dental implants placed for the ultimate purpose of supporting a prosthesis, regardless of the fact that they may be used for orthodontic anchorage, are not considered temporary anchorage devices since they are not removed and discarded after orthodontic treatment. By using dental implants and temporary anchorage devices for orthodontic purposes we are able to obtain zero anchorage loss.
Currently, several terms are used to refer to skeletal anchorage devices, the most inclusive being temporary anchorage devices. Other names include implants, mini-implants, miniscrews, micro-screws, screws, mini-plates, and plates.
Implants and mini-implants usually necessitate osseointegration for stability, whereas screws, miniscrews and micro-screws are generally loaded immediately after placement and receive their stability from mechanical retention in the bone
Plates are attached to bone through a surgical procedure necessitating the elevation of a flap. A portion is left emerging in the oral cavity to serve as appoint of application of the force system
This document discusses different types of wrought alloys used in dentistry, including their properties and uses. It covers stainless steel alloys, wrought cobalt-chromium-nickel alloy, and wrought nickel-titanium alloy. Stainless steel alloys are commonly used due to their low cost, formability, and corrosion resistance but have low springback. Nickel-titanium alloys like nitinol have better springback and store more energy, making them suitable for situations requiring low forces over large distances. The document outlines the production and requirements of wrought wires as well as the unique properties and clinical applications of nickel-titanium alloys.
selection of preformed archwires during the alignment stage of preadjusted or...Maher Fouda
This document discusses orthodontic archwire selection during the alignment stage of treatment with preadjusted appliances. It provides details on different types of archwires used for alignment including multi-strand stainless steel, conventional and superelastic nickel-titanium (NiTi), and heat-activated NiTi wires. Superelastic NiTi wires are preferred for alignment due to their low stiffness, high springback, and ability to deliver nearly constant light forces during tooth movement. The document discusses various archwire sequences used during alignment and leveling, noting that there is no set sequence but heat-activated NiTi can replace multiple stainless steel wires to reduce visits and discomfort.
Nickel titanium alloys /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Nitinol paper for website _ Nov 2015 (Revised 24.11.15)Paul Crutchley
Nitinol is a nickel-titanium alloy that exhibits unique properties including shape memory and super-elasticity. It can transform between martensitic and austenitic crystal structures, allowing it to return to its original shape after deformation. This makes Nitinol useful for applications like stents. Nitinol is also biocompatible as nickel releases negligibly from the alloy in the body. ACE has developed a safer, non-acid based process called TiME for etching Nitinol that achieves tight tolerances without altering the alloy's properties, enabling complex geometries for applications like implants.
This document discusses different types of nickel titanium (NiTi) archwires used in orthodontics, including their properties and clinical applications. It describes conventional NiTi, pseudoelastic NiTi, thermoelastic NiTi, and more advanced alloys such as copper NiTi and their characteristics. Various brand names and manufacturers of superelastic and thermoelastic NiTi wires are also mentioned. The document provides details on the mechanisms, advantages, and limitations of different NiTi alloys and guidelines for selecting the appropriate alloy for different stages of treatment.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Exploring Materials for Orthodontic Mini-Implants: A Comprehensive Overview.pdfsafabasiouny1
A temporary anchorage device (TAD) is a device that is temporarily fixed to bone for the purpose of enhancing orthodontic anchorage either by supporting the teeth of the reactive unit ( indirect anchorage ) or by obviating the need for the reactive unit altogether(direct anchorage), and which is subsequently removed after use.
They can be located transosteally, subperiosteally or endosteally; and they can be fixed to bone either mechanically (cortically stabilized) or biochemecially (osseointegrated). It should also be pointed out that dental implants placed for the ultimate purpose of supporting a prosthesis, regardless of the fact that they may be used for orthodontic anchorage, are not considered temporary anchorage devices since they are not removed and discarded after orthodontic treatment. By using dental implants and temporary anchorage devices for orthodontic purposes we are able to obtain zero anchorage loss.
Currently, several terms are used to refer to skeletal anchorage devices, the most inclusive being temporary anchorage devices. Other names include implants, mini-implants, miniscrews, micro-screws, screws, mini-plates, and plates.
Implants and mini-implants usually necessitate osseointegration for stability, whereas screws, miniscrews and micro-screws are generally loaded immediately after placement and receive their stability from mechanical retention in the bone
Plates are attached to bone through a surgical procedure necessitating the elevation of a flap. A portion is left emerging in the oral cavity to serve as appoint of application of the force system
This document discusses different types of wrought alloys used in dentistry, including their properties and uses. It covers stainless steel alloys, wrought cobalt-chromium-nickel alloy, and wrought nickel-titanium alloy. Stainless steel alloys are commonly used due to their low cost, formability, and corrosion resistance but have low springback. Nickel-titanium alloys like nitinol have better springback and store more energy, making them suitable for situations requiring low forces over large distances. The document outlines the production and requirements of wrought wires as well as the unique properties and clinical applications of nickel-titanium alloys.
selection of preformed archwires during the alignment stage of preadjusted or...Maher Fouda
This document discusses orthodontic archwire selection during the alignment stage of treatment with preadjusted appliances. It provides details on different types of archwires used for alignment including multi-strand stainless steel, conventional and superelastic nickel-titanium (NiTi), and heat-activated NiTi wires. Superelastic NiTi wires are preferred for alignment due to their low stiffness, high springback, and ability to deliver nearly constant light forces during tooth movement. The document discusses various archwire sequences used during alignment and leveling, noting that there is no set sequence but heat-activated NiTi can replace multiple stainless steel wires to reduce visits and discomfort.
Nickel titanium alloys /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
selection of preformed arch wires during the alignment stage of preadjusted o...MaherFouda1
This slideshow helps clinicians in the orthodontic field to select the proper arch wire for their patients to achieve proper and efficient treatment and outcomes.
Nickel titanium alloys /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Nickel titanium alloys such as nitinol and Japanese NiTi wires have properties like shape memory, pseudoelasticity (superelasticity), and thermoelasticity that make them useful for orthodontic applications. Nitinol was the first nickel titanium alloy used in orthodontics starting in the 1970s due to its excellent elasticity and ability to reduce archwire changes compared to stainless steel. Japanese NiTi wires were later developed and have even greater superelastic properties allowing for light continuous tooth movement. Both alloys have advantages over other orthodontic wire materials but also have limitations in bending and welding that require care from clinicians.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
1. Orthodontic materials have evolved significantly from gold and stainless steel to newer materials like nickel-titanium alloys, ceramics, and composites.
2. Archwire materials include stainless steel, nickel-titanium, beta titanium, and newer temperature-sensitive nickel-titanium alloys.
3. Bracket materials include stainless steel, plastics, ceramics and newer materials like titanium. Auxillary materials include elastics, springs and magnets.
The document discusses the properties and characteristics of orthodontic archwires. It describes the mechanical properties such as stress, strain, stiffness, strength and load deflection rate. It discusses different types of archwire materials including gold, stainless steel, nickel-titanium alloys, beta titanium, and cobalt chromium alloys. It also covers characteristics such as formability, resilience, biocompatibility and friction for orthodontic archwires. The document provides details on various generations of nickel-titanium alloys and their properties like shape memory effect and super elasticity.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Nickel Titanium Instruments in Endodontics: Part-1Ashok Ayer
This document discusses nickel-titanium instruments used in endodontics. It begins with a brief history of canal instrumentation and then covers topics like the manufacture of instruments, the properties of nickel titanium that make it suitable for endodontic tools, including shape memory and superelasticity. The document provides details on how heat sterilization affects nickel titanium instruments and their failure mechanisms. It also discusses comparative studies that have been done and strategies for improving nickel titanium instruments.
Shape memory alloys exhibit the shape memory effect, where alloys that are deformed at one temperature will recover their original shape when heated above a transformation temperature. Common shape memory alloys include nickel titanium (NiTiNOL) and copper-zinc-aluminum. Shape memory alloys have two crystal structures - austenite, which is stable at high temperatures, and martensite, which forms at lower temperatures. The shape memory effect occurs due to a reversible phase transformation between the martensite and austenite structures. Applications of shape memory alloys include aircraft control surfaces, medical devices, damping systems, robots, and thermal/electrical actuators.
RECENT ADVANCES IN ORTHODONTIC ARCH WIRE.pptxPratik677380
This document discusses various types of arch wires used in orthodontic treatment. It begins by describing ideal properties of arch wires such as stiffness, strength, spring back, formability, and biocompatibility. Titanium niobium wire and timolium titanium wire are introduced as advances in arch wire materials. The document then discusses several other arch wire types including super cable, combined arch wires, multistranded wires, bioforce wires, optiflex wires, and teflon coated stainless steel wires. For each type of arch wire, its composition, properties, advantages, and clinical applications are described.
This document discusses orthopedic implants. It begins by defining orthopedic implants as medical devices used to restore function to joints, bones, and the spine. It then discusses the historical evolution of implant materials from ivory and glass to modern alloys and polymers. The document outlines the increasing need for implants due to an aging population and injuries. It proceeds to describe various implant types including total hip replacements, internal fixation devices like plates, pins, screws, and intramedullary nails. The materials used for implants like stainless steel, titanium alloys, and cobalt-chrome alloys are also mentioned.
Unit-5 notes in the topic of smart materials.pdfSATHEESHK33
Methods of production of Metallic Glasses
Metallic glasses are manufactured by the following methods. They are,
1. Twin roller technique
2. Melt extraction technique
3. Melt spinning technique
Melt spinning technique
Principle
Quenching is a technique used to form metallic glasses. Quenching
means Rapid Cooling.
Due to rapid cooling, atoms are arranged irregularly and from metallic
glasses.
Melt spinning Technique
A melt spinner consists of a copper roller over which a
refractory tube with fine nozzle is placed.
The metal alloy is melted by induction heating under inert gas
atmosphere (helium or argon). The properly super heated
molten alloy is ejected through the fine nozzle at the bottom of
the refractory tube.
The molten alloy falls on the copper roller which is rotated at
high speed. Thus, the alloy is suddenly cooled to form metallic
glass. In this method a continuous ribbon of metallic glass can
be obtained. By increasing the disc speed and making ejection
pressure constant, increases the width of the ribbon and
decreases the thickness of the ribbon.
Glass transition temperature
It is an important parameter for the preparation of metallic glasses. It is defined as
a temperature at which the liquid like atomic structure is obtained into a solid.
The value of glass transition temperature for metallic alloys is about 200C to 300C
Effects of cryogenic treatment on tool steel aisi d6eSAT Journals
1. The document discusses the effects of cryogenic treatment on tool steel AISI-D6. Cryogenic treatment involves cooling tool steel to below atmospheric temperatures (around -1960°C or -3100°F) using liquid nitrogen.
2. Cryogenic treatment was found to improve the mechanical properties of AISI-D6 steel, including increased hardness, wear resistance, and toughness compared to untreated steel. This is due to the transformation of austenite crystal structure to martensite during cryogenic treatment.
3. Experiments showed that cryogenically treated AISI-D6 specimens exhibited higher hardness, lower wear rates, and increased toughness compared to conventionally heat treated specimens.
Archwire materials and application of newer materials /certified fixed ortho...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Ni ti wires in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian de...Indian dental academy
NiTi alloys have shape memory and superelastic properties that make them useful in orthodontics. They were developed in the 1960s and commercialized in the 1970s. Different NiTi alloy compositions have transition temperatures close to oral temperatures, allowing them to exert light continuous forces during tooth movement. Compared to stainless steel, NiTi wires rotate, level, and align teeth faster and require fewer wire changes. However, NiTi is more difficult than stainless steel to bend into loops for closing extraction spaces.
Shape memory alloys are metal alloys that can be deformed at one temperature but return to their original shape when heated or cooled. The most common alloys are nickel-titanium (Nitinol), copper-zinc-aluminum, and copper-aluminum-nickel. Nitinol was discovered in the 1960s and is now used widely in applications such as medical devices, aircraft, and household appliances. Shape memory alloys work through a solid state phase change between martensite and austenite phases - deforming occurs in the martensite phase while heating triggers shape recovery in the austenite phase. They provide advantages like biocompatibility and diverse applications but also
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
This document discusses various types of orthodontic archwires. It begins by introducing orthodontic archwires and their purpose in generating forces to move teeth. It then describes several specific archwire materials: titanium niobium wire, which is soft and easy to form while maintaining strength; timolium titanium wire, which combines properties of nickel titanium and stainless steel; super cable, a superelastic nickel titanium coaxial wire; combined archwires that allow for tipping and translation; bioforce wire, which applies varying forces along the dental arch; and optiflex wire, a non-metallic wire made of clear optical fibers. Each wire type is discussed in terms of its properties, applications, advantages,
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
More Related Content
Similar to Experimental Analysis of Orthopedic Staple Pin made by Nickel Titanium Alloy
selection of preformed arch wires during the alignment stage of preadjusted o...MaherFouda1
This slideshow helps clinicians in the orthodontic field to select the proper arch wire for their patients to achieve proper and efficient treatment and outcomes.
Nickel titanium alloys /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Nickel titanium alloys such as nitinol and Japanese NiTi wires have properties like shape memory, pseudoelasticity (superelasticity), and thermoelasticity that make them useful for orthodontic applications. Nitinol was the first nickel titanium alloy used in orthodontics starting in the 1970s due to its excellent elasticity and ability to reduce archwire changes compared to stainless steel. Japanese NiTi wires were later developed and have even greater superelastic properties allowing for light continuous tooth movement. Both alloys have advantages over other orthodontic wire materials but also have limitations in bending and welding that require care from clinicians.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
1. Orthodontic materials have evolved significantly from gold and stainless steel to newer materials like nickel-titanium alloys, ceramics, and composites.
2. Archwire materials include stainless steel, nickel-titanium, beta titanium, and newer temperature-sensitive nickel-titanium alloys.
3. Bracket materials include stainless steel, plastics, ceramics and newer materials like titanium. Auxillary materials include elastics, springs and magnets.
The document discusses the properties and characteristics of orthodontic archwires. It describes the mechanical properties such as stress, strain, stiffness, strength and load deflection rate. It discusses different types of archwire materials including gold, stainless steel, nickel-titanium alloys, beta titanium, and cobalt chromium alloys. It also covers characteristics such as formability, resilience, biocompatibility and friction for orthodontic archwires. The document provides details on various generations of nickel-titanium alloys and their properties like shape memory effect and super elasticity.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Nickel Titanium Instruments in Endodontics: Part-1Ashok Ayer
This document discusses nickel-titanium instruments used in endodontics. It begins with a brief history of canal instrumentation and then covers topics like the manufacture of instruments, the properties of nickel titanium that make it suitable for endodontic tools, including shape memory and superelasticity. The document provides details on how heat sterilization affects nickel titanium instruments and their failure mechanisms. It also discusses comparative studies that have been done and strategies for improving nickel titanium instruments.
Shape memory alloys exhibit the shape memory effect, where alloys that are deformed at one temperature will recover their original shape when heated above a transformation temperature. Common shape memory alloys include nickel titanium (NiTiNOL) and copper-zinc-aluminum. Shape memory alloys have two crystal structures - austenite, which is stable at high temperatures, and martensite, which forms at lower temperatures. The shape memory effect occurs due to a reversible phase transformation between the martensite and austenite structures. Applications of shape memory alloys include aircraft control surfaces, medical devices, damping systems, robots, and thermal/electrical actuators.
RECENT ADVANCES IN ORTHODONTIC ARCH WIRE.pptxPratik677380
This document discusses various types of arch wires used in orthodontic treatment. It begins by describing ideal properties of arch wires such as stiffness, strength, spring back, formability, and biocompatibility. Titanium niobium wire and timolium titanium wire are introduced as advances in arch wire materials. The document then discusses several other arch wire types including super cable, combined arch wires, multistranded wires, bioforce wires, optiflex wires, and teflon coated stainless steel wires. For each type of arch wire, its composition, properties, advantages, and clinical applications are described.
This document discusses orthopedic implants. It begins by defining orthopedic implants as medical devices used to restore function to joints, bones, and the spine. It then discusses the historical evolution of implant materials from ivory and glass to modern alloys and polymers. The document outlines the increasing need for implants due to an aging population and injuries. It proceeds to describe various implant types including total hip replacements, internal fixation devices like plates, pins, screws, and intramedullary nails. The materials used for implants like stainless steel, titanium alloys, and cobalt-chrome alloys are also mentioned.
Unit-5 notes in the topic of smart materials.pdfSATHEESHK33
Methods of production of Metallic Glasses
Metallic glasses are manufactured by the following methods. They are,
1. Twin roller technique
2. Melt extraction technique
3. Melt spinning technique
Melt spinning technique
Principle
Quenching is a technique used to form metallic glasses. Quenching
means Rapid Cooling.
Due to rapid cooling, atoms are arranged irregularly and from metallic
glasses.
Melt spinning Technique
A melt spinner consists of a copper roller over which a
refractory tube with fine nozzle is placed.
The metal alloy is melted by induction heating under inert gas
atmosphere (helium or argon). The properly super heated
molten alloy is ejected through the fine nozzle at the bottom of
the refractory tube.
The molten alloy falls on the copper roller which is rotated at
high speed. Thus, the alloy is suddenly cooled to form metallic
glass. In this method a continuous ribbon of metallic glass can
be obtained. By increasing the disc speed and making ejection
pressure constant, increases the width of the ribbon and
decreases the thickness of the ribbon.
Glass transition temperature
It is an important parameter for the preparation of metallic glasses. It is defined as
a temperature at which the liquid like atomic structure is obtained into a solid.
The value of glass transition temperature for metallic alloys is about 200C to 300C
Effects of cryogenic treatment on tool steel aisi d6eSAT Journals
1. The document discusses the effects of cryogenic treatment on tool steel AISI-D6. Cryogenic treatment involves cooling tool steel to below atmospheric temperatures (around -1960°C or -3100°F) using liquid nitrogen.
2. Cryogenic treatment was found to improve the mechanical properties of AISI-D6 steel, including increased hardness, wear resistance, and toughness compared to untreated steel. This is due to the transformation of austenite crystal structure to martensite during cryogenic treatment.
3. Experiments showed that cryogenically treated AISI-D6 specimens exhibited higher hardness, lower wear rates, and increased toughness compared to conventionally heat treated specimens.
Archwire materials and application of newer materials /certified fixed ortho...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Ni ti wires in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian de...Indian dental academy
NiTi alloys have shape memory and superelastic properties that make them useful in orthodontics. They were developed in the 1960s and commercialized in the 1970s. Different NiTi alloy compositions have transition temperatures close to oral temperatures, allowing them to exert light continuous forces during tooth movement. Compared to stainless steel, NiTi wires rotate, level, and align teeth faster and require fewer wire changes. However, NiTi is more difficult than stainless steel to bend into loops for closing extraction spaces.
Shape memory alloys are metal alloys that can be deformed at one temperature but return to their original shape when heated or cooled. The most common alloys are nickel-titanium (Nitinol), copper-zinc-aluminum, and copper-aluminum-nickel. Nitinol was discovered in the 1960s and is now used widely in applications such as medical devices, aircraft, and household appliances. Shape memory alloys work through a solid state phase change between martensite and austenite phases - deforming occurs in the martensite phase while heating triggers shape recovery in the austenite phase. They provide advantages like biocompatibility and diverse applications but also
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
This document discusses various types of orthodontic archwires. It begins by introducing orthodontic archwires and their purpose in generating forces to move teeth. It then describes several specific archwire materials: titanium niobium wire, which is soft and easy to form while maintaining strength; timolium titanium wire, which combines properties of nickel titanium and stainless steel; super cable, a superelastic nickel titanium coaxial wire; combined archwires that allow for tipping and translation; bioforce wire, which applies varying forces along the dental arch; and optiflex wire, a non-metallic wire made of clear optical fibers. Each wire type is discussed in terms of its properties, applications, advantages,
Similar to Experimental Analysis of Orthopedic Staple Pin made by Nickel Titanium Alloy (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMSIJNSA Journal
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.