The document provides information about the charging system on a vehicle, including:
- The charging system consists of the generator, electronic voltage regulator (EVR), battery temperature sensor, and related components.
- The EVR, located in the powertrain control module (PCM), controls the generator's output by regulating the magnetic field. It monitors system voltage and temperature.
- Diagnosis procedures include resistance tests to check for high resistance connections, a current output test to check the generator's ability to output minimum required amperage, and using diagnostic trouble codes retrieved from the PCM.
- Inspections should check battery and connections, fuses, generator mounting, drive belt, and automatic belt
This document summarizes the features and operation of the A4988 microstepping motor driver IC. It has built-in current regulation and motor control logic to drive bipolar stepper motors in various microstep modes. Key features include mixed and slow current decay modes for reduced noise and accurate stepping, internal protection from overcurrent and thermal issues, and a simple interface requiring only a STEP input to drive the motor. It operates from a single power supply and comes in a small QFN package well-suited for motor driver applications.
Ls catalog thiet bi dien g empr-dmpr_dienhathe.vnDien Ha The
Khoa Học - Kỹ Thuật & Giải Trí: http://phongvan.org
Tài Liệu Khoa Học Kỹ Thuật: http://tailieukythuat.info
Thiết bị Điện Công Nghiệp - Điện Hạ Thế: http://dienhathe.org
The HT46R12A microcontroller can be used to control an induction cooker by generating pulses to drive the IGBT switching component. It includes an on-chip pulse generator module and ADC inputs to monitor temperature, voltage, current and control output power levels. The microcontroller processes inputs like temperature and current limits to protect components and regulates power output by adjusting the pulse width generator. It also controls outputs like the fan, display and buzzer based on system status.
Sensorless vector control of psms drives wquipped with inverter output filterwarluck88
This document presents a sensorless vector control method for a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive equipped with an LC filter between the inverter and motor. The control method accounts for the dynamics of the LC filter in its design. It uses cascaded controllers for the inverter current, stator voltage, and stator current. An adaptive full-order observer estimates the stator voltage, current, rotor speed, and position using only measurements of the inverter output current and DC link voltage. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the functionality of the proposed control method.
This document describes a control strategy for a PWM voltage source converter (PWM-VSC) using fuzzy logic to provide variable DC voltage for controlling the speed of a DC motor. A fuzzy logic controller is proposed to minimize errors in the DC voltage and stabilize it by regulating the amplitude of the network current. Simulation results show the fuzzy logic controller produces a stable DC voltage without overshoot to drive the DC motor, with less than 5% total harmonic distortion in the network current and a power factor near unity. The DC motor speed is also stable without overshoot in response to variations in the controlled DC voltage.
Mitsubishi ac servos melservo j4 solutions film slitting machine-dienhathe.vnDien Ha The
Khoa Học - Kỹ Thuật & Giải Trí: http://phongvan.org
Tài Liệu Khoa Học Kỹ Thuật: http://tailieukythuat.info
Thiết bị Điện Công Nghiệp - Điện Hạ Thế: http://dienhathe.org
The document describes the FarmBox device, which is designed to accurately position agricultural equipment. It consists of the following key components:
1. A GNSS sensor that receives location coordinates and sends them to a microcontroller.
2. Additional sensors that provide data like acceleration, direction, and tractor information.
3. The microcontroller processes the sensor data, determines accurate positions, and transmits data via Bluetooth, cellular connection, or RS-232 in real-time or by storing it when offline.
It operates in two modes - tracking mode, where it sends data to a remote server, or GNSS receiver mode, where it provides coordinates to onboard devices. The device is designed to work
This document provides information on the BA6238A, BA6238AN, BA6239A, and BA6239AN motor driver ICs, which incorporate two reversible motor drivers suitable for driving small DC brush motors. Each IC contains built-in power transistors for motor driving and thermal shutdown circuits to protect from overheating. The document includes specifications, application examples, operating procedures, and electrical characteristic curves for the motor driver ICs.
This document summarizes the features and operation of the A4988 microstepping motor driver IC. It has built-in current regulation and motor control logic to drive bipolar stepper motors in various microstep modes. Key features include mixed and slow current decay modes for reduced noise and accurate stepping, internal protection from overcurrent and thermal issues, and a simple interface requiring only a STEP input to drive the motor. It operates from a single power supply and comes in a small QFN package well-suited for motor driver applications.
Ls catalog thiet bi dien g empr-dmpr_dienhathe.vnDien Ha The
Khoa Học - Kỹ Thuật & Giải Trí: http://phongvan.org
Tài Liệu Khoa Học Kỹ Thuật: http://tailieukythuat.info
Thiết bị Điện Công Nghiệp - Điện Hạ Thế: http://dienhathe.org
The HT46R12A microcontroller can be used to control an induction cooker by generating pulses to drive the IGBT switching component. It includes an on-chip pulse generator module and ADC inputs to monitor temperature, voltage, current and control output power levels. The microcontroller processes inputs like temperature and current limits to protect components and regulates power output by adjusting the pulse width generator. It also controls outputs like the fan, display and buzzer based on system status.
Sensorless vector control of psms drives wquipped with inverter output filterwarluck88
This document presents a sensorless vector control method for a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive equipped with an LC filter between the inverter and motor. The control method accounts for the dynamics of the LC filter in its design. It uses cascaded controllers for the inverter current, stator voltage, and stator current. An adaptive full-order observer estimates the stator voltage, current, rotor speed, and position using only measurements of the inverter output current and DC link voltage. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the functionality of the proposed control method.
This document describes a control strategy for a PWM voltage source converter (PWM-VSC) using fuzzy logic to provide variable DC voltage for controlling the speed of a DC motor. A fuzzy logic controller is proposed to minimize errors in the DC voltage and stabilize it by regulating the amplitude of the network current. Simulation results show the fuzzy logic controller produces a stable DC voltage without overshoot to drive the DC motor, with less than 5% total harmonic distortion in the network current and a power factor near unity. The DC motor speed is also stable without overshoot in response to variations in the controlled DC voltage.
Mitsubishi ac servos melservo j4 solutions film slitting machine-dienhathe.vnDien Ha The
Khoa Học - Kỹ Thuật & Giải Trí: http://phongvan.org
Tài Liệu Khoa Học Kỹ Thuật: http://tailieukythuat.info
Thiết bị Điện Công Nghiệp - Điện Hạ Thế: http://dienhathe.org
The document describes the FarmBox device, which is designed to accurately position agricultural equipment. It consists of the following key components:
1. A GNSS sensor that receives location coordinates and sends them to a microcontroller.
2. Additional sensors that provide data like acceleration, direction, and tractor information.
3. The microcontroller processes the sensor data, determines accurate positions, and transmits data via Bluetooth, cellular connection, or RS-232 in real-time or by storing it when offline.
It operates in two modes - tracking mode, where it sends data to a remote server, or GNSS receiver mode, where it provides coordinates to onboard devices. The device is designed to work
This document provides information on the BA6238A, BA6238AN, BA6239A, and BA6239AN motor driver ICs, which incorporate two reversible motor drivers suitable for driving small DC brush motors. Each IC contains built-in power transistors for motor driving and thermal shutdown circuits to protect from overheating. The document includes specifications, application examples, operating procedures, and electrical characteristic curves for the motor driver ICs.
Mitsubishi ac servos melservo jn-dienhathe.vnDien Ha The
Khoa Học - Kỹ Thuật & Giải Trí: http://phongvan.org
Tài Liệu Khoa Học Kỹ Thuật: http://tailieukythuat.info
Thiết bị Điện Công Nghiệp - Điện Hạ Thế: http://dienhathe.org
This document summarizes the technical requirements for connecting power generation facilities to the transmission system in Ukraine according to the Transmission System Code (TSC). It outlines the classification of connection points based on voltage level and capacity. It also specifies the minimum time intervals that generation must be able to operate at different frequencies. Additionally, it lists the types of facilities that may connect to the transmission system and defines the technical requirements for ancillary services like primary, secondary, and tertiary frequency control reserves.
This document discusses using a STATCOM to damp power system oscillations in a single machine infinite bus system modeled in MATLAB. It presents a Phillips-Heffron model of the system connected to a STATCOM. The linearized model is developed and a POD controller is designed for the STATCOM to improve damping. Simulations are run in MATLAB at different load levels, and the eigenvalues and machine angular frequency responses are presented, showing the STATCOM with POD controller significantly improves damping compared to without the controller.
Fuji tu dong hoa catalog inverter-frenic-lift-fuji-dienhathe.orgDien Ha The
Khoa Học - Kỹ Thuật & Giải Trí: http://phongvan.org
Tài Liệu Khoa Học Kỹ Thuật: http://tailieukythuat.info
Thiết bị Điện Công Nghiệp - Điện Hạ Thế: http://dienhathe.vn
Solution for Industrial Printing & Textile Machines | Elmo Motion ControlElmo Motion Control
Our G-MAS uses a CANopen virtual encoder to improve master-slave performance on advanced industrial printing machines.
Find out how you can save money by using motion controllers virtual encoder.
ANN Based PID Controlled Brushless DC drive SystemIDES Editor
Brushless (BLDC) DC motors find many industrial
applications such as process control, robotics, automation,
aerospace etc. Wider usage of this system has demanded an
optimum position control for high efficiency, accuracy and
reliability. Hence for the effective position control, estimation
of dynamic load parameters i.e. moment of inertia and friction
coefficient is necessary. This paper incorporates the estimation
of mechanical parameters such as moment of inertia and
friction coefficient of BLDC motor and load at various load
settings by using simple procedure. To achieve the optimum
position control, PID controller is employed and tuned using
PARR method. ANN training is used for obtaining the
mechanical and PID controller parameters at different load
settings. Closed loop position control system of the BLDC
drive system is created using SIMULINK. Simulation results
of this system are obtained at different load settings. It is
evident from the results that the position control system
responds to the desired position with minimum rise time,
settling time and peak overshoot.
Explore the compact inverter WJ200 series built for excellent performance and user-friendliness.
To learn more about Hitachi Inverters, visit: https://www.hitachi-iesa.com/ac-drives-inverters
This document provides the user manual for the HGM400 series automatic genset controller. It describes the controller's performance, specifications, operation, protections, connections, parameter definitions and settings, sensor selection, commissioning, typical applications, and installation. The HGM400 series controllers can automatically start and stop generators, monitor engine parameters, control protections, and be configured through the front panel or via PC connection. They are suitable for automatic genset control systems in various applications.
This high performance vector control inverter has complete control over speed and torque. It provides industry-leading control performance through highly accurate speed control, fast response times, and precise torque control. The inverter is available in a wide range of capacities to support flexible applications globally.
This document contains a question bank for energy managers and energy auditors related to energy efficient technologies in electrical systems. It includes 20 multiple choice questions about topics like maximum demand controllers, power factor correction capacitors, automatic power factor controllers, energy efficient motors, variable frequency drives, and more. It also includes short answer questions about maximum demand control, automatic power factor controllers, areas for improvement with energy efficient motors, technical aspects of energy efficient motors, soft starters, variable torque loads, variable frequency drives, and applications of variable frequency drive control for pumps and fans.
This document provides an overview of short-circuit calculations, including the following key points:
- Short-circuit calculations are used for system planning and operations to ensure equipment ratings are not exceeded and protective devices are properly coordinated.
- The time dependence of short-circuit current is important, as it affects equipment loading. Key current parameters analyzed at different time domains are defined.
- The symmetrical components method is used to split three-phase systems into positive, negative, and zero sequence networks to simplify analysis.
- Short-circuits are classified based on the phases involved: three-phase, phase-to-phase, phase-to-phase-ground, or single-phase ground.
- Common system elements
Catalog: Inverter Frenic-Lift Fuji Electric
Beeteco.com là trang mua sắm trực tuyến thiết bị điện - Tự động hóa uy tín tại Việt Nam.
Chuyên cung cấp các thiết bị: Đèn báo nút nhấn, Relay, Timer, Contactor, MCCB ELCB, Biến tần, Van, Thiết bị cảm biến, phụ kiện tủ điện, .... Từ các thương hiệu hàng đầu trên thế giới.
www.beeteco.com @ Công ty TNHH TM KT ASTER
Số 7 Đại Lộ Độc Lập, KCN Sóng Thần 1, P. Dĩ An, Tx. Dĩ An, Bình Dương
www.facebook.com/beeteco
Tel: 0650 3617 012
DĐ: 0904 676 925
The document discusses the functions and components of automotive onboard computers. It begins by outlining the objectives of understanding input sensors, output devices, and the general purpose and function of onboard computers. It then describes the four basic functions of all computers as input, processing, storage, and output. It provides details on computer components, communication between modules, and diagnostic procedures.
This document summarizes a presentation about modeling modular multilevel converters (MMCs) for hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) and rapid control prototyping (RCP) solutions. It introduces MMC technology, discusses challenges in modeling MMCs for HIL, and demonstrates an MMC HIL system. Benefits of MMC HIL and RCP applications are described. An example MMC modeling project for the France-Spain electricity interconnection is also summarized.
Catalog biến tần Frenic Mega Fuji Electric-Beeteco.comBeeteco
The document describes Fuji Electric's FRENIC-MEGA inverter. It has been developed to support a wide range of applications with improved performance, functionality, environmental awareness, and easy maintenance compared to previous models. Key features highlighted include improved acceleration and overload capabilities, enhanced response time, expanded brake circuit capacity, and various functions to accommodate different needs.
The document introduces the dsPICDEM MCSM Development Board, which is used to develop stepper motor control applications using Microchip's dsPIC33FJ32MC204 digital signal controller. The board includes interfaces for controlling two motors, inputs/outputs, communication ports, and power supplies. It also includes a Leadshine stepping motor and provides various motor control modes like full step, half step, and microstepping down to 1/64 steps. The board setup involves connecting the motor, power supply, and programming the dsPIC microcontroller to run motor control algorithms.
Biến tần trung thế ứng dụng trong công nghiệp cho các ngành như: Xi măng, nước, khai thác mỏ, sắt thép, nhà máy điện hóa chất, … Thiết bị giảm đáng kể dòng hài trên nguồn điện, độ tin cậy cao và dễ dàng bảo trì.
CÔNG TY CỔ PHẦN HẠO PHƯƠNG
Trụ sở chính:
Địa chỉ: Số 88 đường Vĩnh Phú 40, Kp. Hòa Long, P. Vĩnh Phú, Thuận An, Bình Dương.
Văn phòng Hà Nội:
Địa chỉ: Số 95 TT4 – KĐT Mỹ Đình Sông Đà – Phường Mỹ Đình – Q. Nam Từ Liêm – Hà Nội
Chi nhánh Cambodia:
Địa chỉ: The Park Land SenSok, Borey Chip Mong, House Number 22, P11.Sangkat Phnom Penh Thmey, Khan San Sok, Phnom Penh.
Email: cs@haophuong.com – Website: haophuong.com
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/haophuongcompany/
HOTLINE: 1800 6547
Catalog Biến tần Frenic Multi Fuji (Fuji Electric) - Beeteco.comBeeteco
Catalog Biến tần Frenic Multi Fuji - Beeteco.com
Beeteco.com là trang mua sắm trực tuyến thiết bị điện - Tự động hóa uy tín tại Việt Nam.
Chuyên cung cấp các thiết bị: Đèn báo nút nhấn, Relay, Timer, Contactor, MCCB ELCB, Biến tần, Van, Thiết bị cảm biến, phụ kiện tủ điện, .... Từ các thương hiệu hàng đầu trên thế giới.
www.beeteco.com @ Công ty TNHH TM KT ASTER
Số 7 Đại Lộ Độc Lập, KCN Sóng Thần 1, P. Dĩ An, Tx. Dĩ An, Bình Dương
www.facebook.com/beeteco
Tel: 0650 3617 012
DĐ: 0904 676 925
The document discusses the P-Driver pulse-train input driver that enables flexible control of IAI's ROBO CYLINDER actuators and single-axis robots. The P-Driver can control a wide range of actuators with various options and functions including torque limiting, brake control, feedback, and feed-forward control. It connects to actuators, provides power connections, and includes status indicators and connectors for communication, I/O signals, and encoders.
This document provides information on horn systems, including descriptions and removal/installation procedures for the horn relay, horn switch, and horns. It describes the horn relay as an electromechanical device located in the junction block that switches battery current to the horns. The center-blow horn switch is integral to the driver's airbag module cover. Dual electromagnetic diaphragm horns are mounted behind the front bumper and connected in parallel. Diagnosis and testing procedures are provided for the horn relay, horn switch and horns.
This document provides an introduction and overview of key information for a Grand Cherokee vehicle, including:
1) The vehicle code designation is ZJ, which is used to identify the vehicle in service procedures and charts.
2) Locations and descriptions are given for various labels, plates, and identification numbers on the vehicle including the vehicle identification number plate.
3) Charts and specifications are provided for vehicle dimensions, weights, trailer towing capacity, and international control/display symbols.
This document provides information about instrument panel systems on a vehicle model. It discusses the instrument cluster and panel, which house various controls, gauges and indicators. The cluster can be either low-line or high-line, containing analog gauges and indicator lamps. The panel uses a modular design for easy service access. Component locations and diagnostic procedures are outlined.
Mitsubishi ac servos melservo jn-dienhathe.vnDien Ha The
Khoa Học - Kỹ Thuật & Giải Trí: http://phongvan.org
Tài Liệu Khoa Học Kỹ Thuật: http://tailieukythuat.info
Thiết bị Điện Công Nghiệp - Điện Hạ Thế: http://dienhathe.org
This document summarizes the technical requirements for connecting power generation facilities to the transmission system in Ukraine according to the Transmission System Code (TSC). It outlines the classification of connection points based on voltage level and capacity. It also specifies the minimum time intervals that generation must be able to operate at different frequencies. Additionally, it lists the types of facilities that may connect to the transmission system and defines the technical requirements for ancillary services like primary, secondary, and tertiary frequency control reserves.
This document discusses using a STATCOM to damp power system oscillations in a single machine infinite bus system modeled in MATLAB. It presents a Phillips-Heffron model of the system connected to a STATCOM. The linearized model is developed and a POD controller is designed for the STATCOM to improve damping. Simulations are run in MATLAB at different load levels, and the eigenvalues and machine angular frequency responses are presented, showing the STATCOM with POD controller significantly improves damping compared to without the controller.
Fuji tu dong hoa catalog inverter-frenic-lift-fuji-dienhathe.orgDien Ha The
Khoa Học - Kỹ Thuật & Giải Trí: http://phongvan.org
Tài Liệu Khoa Học Kỹ Thuật: http://tailieukythuat.info
Thiết bị Điện Công Nghiệp - Điện Hạ Thế: http://dienhathe.vn
Solution for Industrial Printing & Textile Machines | Elmo Motion ControlElmo Motion Control
Our G-MAS uses a CANopen virtual encoder to improve master-slave performance on advanced industrial printing machines.
Find out how you can save money by using motion controllers virtual encoder.
ANN Based PID Controlled Brushless DC drive SystemIDES Editor
Brushless (BLDC) DC motors find many industrial
applications such as process control, robotics, automation,
aerospace etc. Wider usage of this system has demanded an
optimum position control for high efficiency, accuracy and
reliability. Hence for the effective position control, estimation
of dynamic load parameters i.e. moment of inertia and friction
coefficient is necessary. This paper incorporates the estimation
of mechanical parameters such as moment of inertia and
friction coefficient of BLDC motor and load at various load
settings by using simple procedure. To achieve the optimum
position control, PID controller is employed and tuned using
PARR method. ANN training is used for obtaining the
mechanical and PID controller parameters at different load
settings. Closed loop position control system of the BLDC
drive system is created using SIMULINK. Simulation results
of this system are obtained at different load settings. It is
evident from the results that the position control system
responds to the desired position with minimum rise time,
settling time and peak overshoot.
Explore the compact inverter WJ200 series built for excellent performance and user-friendliness.
To learn more about Hitachi Inverters, visit: https://www.hitachi-iesa.com/ac-drives-inverters
This document provides the user manual for the HGM400 series automatic genset controller. It describes the controller's performance, specifications, operation, protections, connections, parameter definitions and settings, sensor selection, commissioning, typical applications, and installation. The HGM400 series controllers can automatically start and stop generators, monitor engine parameters, control protections, and be configured through the front panel or via PC connection. They are suitable for automatic genset control systems in various applications.
This high performance vector control inverter has complete control over speed and torque. It provides industry-leading control performance through highly accurate speed control, fast response times, and precise torque control. The inverter is available in a wide range of capacities to support flexible applications globally.
This document contains a question bank for energy managers and energy auditors related to energy efficient technologies in electrical systems. It includes 20 multiple choice questions about topics like maximum demand controllers, power factor correction capacitors, automatic power factor controllers, energy efficient motors, variable frequency drives, and more. It also includes short answer questions about maximum demand control, automatic power factor controllers, areas for improvement with energy efficient motors, technical aspects of energy efficient motors, soft starters, variable torque loads, variable frequency drives, and applications of variable frequency drive control for pumps and fans.
This document provides an overview of short-circuit calculations, including the following key points:
- Short-circuit calculations are used for system planning and operations to ensure equipment ratings are not exceeded and protective devices are properly coordinated.
- The time dependence of short-circuit current is important, as it affects equipment loading. Key current parameters analyzed at different time domains are defined.
- The symmetrical components method is used to split three-phase systems into positive, negative, and zero sequence networks to simplify analysis.
- Short-circuits are classified based on the phases involved: three-phase, phase-to-phase, phase-to-phase-ground, or single-phase ground.
- Common system elements
Catalog: Inverter Frenic-Lift Fuji Electric
Beeteco.com là trang mua sắm trực tuyến thiết bị điện - Tự động hóa uy tín tại Việt Nam.
Chuyên cung cấp các thiết bị: Đèn báo nút nhấn, Relay, Timer, Contactor, MCCB ELCB, Biến tần, Van, Thiết bị cảm biến, phụ kiện tủ điện, .... Từ các thương hiệu hàng đầu trên thế giới.
www.beeteco.com @ Công ty TNHH TM KT ASTER
Số 7 Đại Lộ Độc Lập, KCN Sóng Thần 1, P. Dĩ An, Tx. Dĩ An, Bình Dương
www.facebook.com/beeteco
Tel: 0650 3617 012
DĐ: 0904 676 925
The document discusses the functions and components of automotive onboard computers. It begins by outlining the objectives of understanding input sensors, output devices, and the general purpose and function of onboard computers. It then describes the four basic functions of all computers as input, processing, storage, and output. It provides details on computer components, communication between modules, and diagnostic procedures.
This document summarizes a presentation about modeling modular multilevel converters (MMCs) for hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) and rapid control prototyping (RCP) solutions. It introduces MMC technology, discusses challenges in modeling MMCs for HIL, and demonstrates an MMC HIL system. Benefits of MMC HIL and RCP applications are described. An example MMC modeling project for the France-Spain electricity interconnection is also summarized.
Catalog biến tần Frenic Mega Fuji Electric-Beeteco.comBeeteco
The document describes Fuji Electric's FRENIC-MEGA inverter. It has been developed to support a wide range of applications with improved performance, functionality, environmental awareness, and easy maintenance compared to previous models. Key features highlighted include improved acceleration and overload capabilities, enhanced response time, expanded brake circuit capacity, and various functions to accommodate different needs.
The document introduces the dsPICDEM MCSM Development Board, which is used to develop stepper motor control applications using Microchip's dsPIC33FJ32MC204 digital signal controller. The board includes interfaces for controlling two motors, inputs/outputs, communication ports, and power supplies. It also includes a Leadshine stepping motor and provides various motor control modes like full step, half step, and microstepping down to 1/64 steps. The board setup involves connecting the motor, power supply, and programming the dsPIC microcontroller to run motor control algorithms.
Biến tần trung thế ứng dụng trong công nghiệp cho các ngành như: Xi măng, nước, khai thác mỏ, sắt thép, nhà máy điện hóa chất, … Thiết bị giảm đáng kể dòng hài trên nguồn điện, độ tin cậy cao và dễ dàng bảo trì.
CÔNG TY CỔ PHẦN HẠO PHƯƠNG
Trụ sở chính:
Địa chỉ: Số 88 đường Vĩnh Phú 40, Kp. Hòa Long, P. Vĩnh Phú, Thuận An, Bình Dương.
Văn phòng Hà Nội:
Địa chỉ: Số 95 TT4 – KĐT Mỹ Đình Sông Đà – Phường Mỹ Đình – Q. Nam Từ Liêm – Hà Nội
Chi nhánh Cambodia:
Địa chỉ: The Park Land SenSok, Borey Chip Mong, House Number 22, P11.Sangkat Phnom Penh Thmey, Khan San Sok, Phnom Penh.
Email: cs@haophuong.com – Website: haophuong.com
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/haophuongcompany/
HOTLINE: 1800 6547
Catalog Biến tần Frenic Multi Fuji (Fuji Electric) - Beeteco.comBeeteco
Catalog Biến tần Frenic Multi Fuji - Beeteco.com
Beeteco.com là trang mua sắm trực tuyến thiết bị điện - Tự động hóa uy tín tại Việt Nam.
Chuyên cung cấp các thiết bị: Đèn báo nút nhấn, Relay, Timer, Contactor, MCCB ELCB, Biến tần, Van, Thiết bị cảm biến, phụ kiện tủ điện, .... Từ các thương hiệu hàng đầu trên thế giới.
www.beeteco.com @ Công ty TNHH TM KT ASTER
Số 7 Đại Lộ Độc Lập, KCN Sóng Thần 1, P. Dĩ An, Tx. Dĩ An, Bình Dương
www.facebook.com/beeteco
Tel: 0650 3617 012
DĐ: 0904 676 925
The document discusses the P-Driver pulse-train input driver that enables flexible control of IAI's ROBO CYLINDER actuators and single-axis robots. The P-Driver can control a wide range of actuators with various options and functions including torque limiting, brake control, feedback, and feed-forward control. It connects to actuators, provides power connections, and includes status indicators and connectors for communication, I/O signals, and encoders.
This document provides information on horn systems, including descriptions and removal/installation procedures for the horn relay, horn switch, and horns. It describes the horn relay as an electromechanical device located in the junction block that switches battery current to the horns. The center-blow horn switch is integral to the driver's airbag module cover. Dual electromagnetic diaphragm horns are mounted behind the front bumper and connected in parallel. Diagnosis and testing procedures are provided for the horn relay, horn switch and horns.
This document provides an introduction and overview of key information for a Grand Cherokee vehicle, including:
1) The vehicle code designation is ZJ, which is used to identify the vehicle in service procedures and charts.
2) Locations and descriptions are given for various labels, plates, and identification numbers on the vehicle including the vehicle identification number plate.
3) Charts and specifications are provided for vehicle dimensions, weights, trailer towing capacity, and international control/display symbols.
This document provides information about instrument panel systems on a vehicle model. It discusses the instrument cluster and panel, which house various controls, gauges and indicators. The cluster can be either low-line or high-line, containing analog gauges and indicator lamps. The panel uses a modular design for easy service access. Component locations and diagnostic procedures are outlined.
This document provides information about power lock and keyless entry systems for certain vehicle models. It describes the main components, including door modules containing lock switches, power lock motors in each door, and a receiver and transmitters for the keyless entry system. It also provides diagnostic and service procedures for programming replacement parts and replacing components if needed.
This document provides information about power window systems, including:
1) It describes the major components of power window systems, including door modules, power window motors, and power window switches.
2) It explains how the door modules house the front door power window and lock switches, and how the individual window switches control the corresponding motors.
3) It provides instructions for diagnosing issues like an inoperative window, including checking for continuity to ground and voltage supply to the door module.
The document describes the components and operation of a vehicle's passive restraint system. It includes airbag modules in the steering wheel and instrument panel, an airbag control module, impact sensors, and a clockspring. The airbag modules contain inflators that deploy the airbags in a collision. Proper handling and repair of the system is critical due to safety risks from accidental deployment.
The document discusses the exhaust system and intake manifold of an XJ vehicle. It provides information on general components of the exhaust system, removal and installation of the exhaust pipe, muffler and tailpipe. It also describes removal and installation of the engine exhaust manifold and turbocharger. Key steps and torque specifications are outlined for servicing these components.
This document provides information about the electrically heated systems in a vehicle, including:
- The defogger relay controls power to the rear window and outside mirror heating grids.
- The rear window has a heating grid made of conductive lines that heat the glass when powered.
- The instrument cluster monitors switch inputs and controls the defogger relay timing and logic.
- To diagnose the system, one can check for voltage at grids when the switch is on and feel for heating, or check for continuity in the circuits and repair any open lines.
The document provides information on airbag systems, including:
- Warnings about the sensitive nature of airbag components and need to disconnect the battery before working on the system.
- Descriptions of major airbag system components like the airbag module, impact sensors, and airbag control module.
- Procedures for diagnosing airbag systems using a scan tool and checking for diagnostic trouble codes.
- Guidelines for handling undeployed and deployed airbag modules and cleaning up after a deployment.
- Steps for removing and installing airbag modules and impact sensors.
This document provides general information about the instrument panel and gauges of a vehicle:
- It describes the major components of the instrument panel including gauges, indicators, and controls.
- It explains how the various gauges work and what they measure, such as coolant temperature, fuel level, speed, etc.
- It provides details on indicator lamps, gauge components, and how they receive input signals to display measurements.
Functions and performance requirements of excitation systemsRajshekar Naregal
The document discusses synchronous generator excitation systems. It describes how excitation current determines the strength of the magnetic field and induces voltage at the generator terminals. It also explains that voltage regulators increase excitation current to maintain constant voltage as load increases. The main types of excitation systems are DC, AC, and static systems. Digital excitation systems offer advantages like easier processing and high reliability. Components of excitation systems include the exciter, regulator, voltage transducer, power system stabilizer, and protective circuits.
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This document provides an index and contents for the Electrical Group 8A manual, focusing on diagnosing battery, starting, and charging systems. It begins with an overview that these systems are interconnected and should be tested as a complete unit. The document then covers batteries, describing battery components, ratings, diagnosing state-of-charge using built-in indicators or testing electrolyte levels. It also covers starting and charging systems. Testing procedures range from basic to using onboard diagnostics.
This document provides information about a vehicle speed control system, including:
1) It describes the major components of the speed control system including the powertrain control module, speed control servo, switches, stop lamp switch, vacuum reservoir, and vehicle speed sensor.
2) It explains how the system operates and the functions of the components like using vacuum to control throttle position via the servo and switches to control settings.
3) It provides information on diagnosing and testing the system including onboard diagnostic tests, electrical tests of components, and checking for issues like loose connections or faulty switches.
The document discusses the onboard diagnostic system of a vehicle. It describes how the system monitors components and circuits for faults, and stores diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) when issues are detected. It outlines the various ways that technicians can retrieve and interpret DTCs to diagnose emission control problems. The system also continuously monitors for engine misfires and illuminates the malfunction indicator lamp if emissions thresholds are exceeded.
This document provides an overview and descriptions of the key components in a vehicle starting system, including the starter relay, starter, and starter solenoid. It describes how the starting system forms a high-amperage feed circuit to power the starter and a low-amperage control circuit. It explains how the starter relay connects these circuits to engage the starter motor when the ignition switch and transmission position allow starting. Troubleshooting and service procedures for the starter relay and starter are also covered.
This document provides information about a vehicle's chime warning system, including:
- The system warns the driver if the seat belt is not fastened, temperatures are high, lights are on with the ignition off and door open, or the key is in the ignition with the door open.
- It describes the major components of the system: the driver door jamb switch, driver seat belt switch, headlamp switch, instrument cluster, and key-in ignition switch.
- Diagnosis and testing procedures are provided for each component to determine if it is functioning properly.
The document describes the overhead console systems on a vehicle model. It includes descriptions of the compass, trip computer, thermometer, garage door opener storage bin, sunglasses storage bin, and reading lamps. It provides details on the operation and functions of these components, as well as procedures for diagnosis, testing, removal, and installation of parts.
This document provides information about cooling system diagnosis and service procedures for a vehicle. It includes:
- An overview of cooling system components and coolant routing
- Diagnosis charts to help identify potential causes of overheating
- Procedures for testing the water pump, draining and refilling the cooling system, and replacing components like the radiator, hoses, thermostat, and water pump.
- Cautions for working on the high-pressure cooling system and ensuring the correct rotating water pump is installed.
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Simulation Design of DC Motor Control System Based on MC9S12D64 MCUIJERA Editor
This document describes a simulation of a DC motor control system using an MC9S12D64 microcontroller unit (MCU). The system samples an analog input voltage, uses pulse width modulation to control motor speed based on the voltage, and provides alarms and display. It was designed to simulate industry motors. The hardware and software were tested experimentally and proved reliable for controlling the DC motor and simulating different running conditions.
The document provides information about the emission control system for a 2.5L diesel engine, including:
1) It describes the main components of the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system which works to reduce oxides of nitrogen emissions, including the EGR valve, electric vacuum modulator, and EGR tube.
2) It provides a vacuum hose routing schematic and explains how the internal vacuum pump supplies vacuum for the EGR system and power brake booster.
3) It describes procedures for testing exhaust gas flow through the EGR valve and testing the electric vacuum modulator to diagnose EGR system issues.
4) It provides removal and installation instructions for the EGR tube
The document discusses the causes of equipment failure due to poor battery maintenance, which accounts for 5% of overall failures, and provides best practices for battery maintenance to prevent errors related to low or fluctuating voltage and ensure reliable operation of electronic systems. Observations found numerous error codes related to electrical issues, and photos showed damaged and corroded battery terminals and loose connections.
This document provides an overview of prepaid energy meters. It discusses the components and working of traditional household energy meters. Prepaid energy meters allow customers to pay for electricity before using it. The key components of prepaid meters include an EEPROM chip for storing credit, a microcontroller for managing credit usage, and a digital energy meter. Prepaid meters provide benefits to both consumers and utilities by allowing pay-as-you-go electricity payment and reducing overhead costs.
The document provides information about the overhead console in Jeep Grand Cherokee models. It describes the different types of overhead consoles that are used depending on whether the vehicle has a power sunroof option. It also describes the major components in the overhead console including the trip computer, compass, thermometer, reading lamps, remote garage door opener storage, and sunglasses storage. The document provides details on diagnosing issues with these components through self-diagnostic tests and flow charts.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
The document provides information about testing and troubleshooting the alternator and charging system on 1993 Jeep Cherokee vehicles with a Nippondenso alternator. It describes the components of the charging system including the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) and how it monitors the system. Testing procedures using a digital multimeter, carbon pile, and the DRB-II diagnostic tool are outlined to check the alternator output, diagnose faults, and erase trouble codes from the PCM memory.
1) The document discusses the design of a hardware battery management system (BMS) for electric vehicles and energy storage.
2) A BMS monitors and controls batteries by measuring voltage, current, and temperature to keep batteries safe, efficient, and reliable.
3) The proposed BMS design uses a microcontroller-based master board to communicate with battery monitoring and balancing boards via CANBUS, measuring cell voltages and temperatures to determine state of charge and health and enable thermal management.
The document provides information on ignition system components, operation, and diagnostics for Chrysler vehicles. It includes descriptions of components like the ignition coil, distributor, oxygen sensor, and powertrain control module. The diagnostics section provides testing procedures for components such as the camshaft position sensor, crankshaft position sensor, and oxygen sensors. It also discusses using the DRB scan tool and onboard diagnostics to test the ignition system.
The document provides information on turn signal and hazard warning systems. It describes the main components, which include a combination flasher, multi-function switch, turn signal indicator lamps, and turn signal lamps. It outlines procedures for diagnosing issues and testing components like the flasher and switch. Removal and installation instructions are provided for the multi-function switch and combination flasher.
This document provides information about steering systems for ZJ vehicles. It describes the major components of the power steering system including the recirculating ball steering gear, steering linkage, power steering pump, and steering column. It provides details on identifying codes for the steering gear and pump as well as diagnosing common noise complaints.
The document provides information about rear suspension and axles for a Grand Cherokee vehicle. It describes the main components of the rear suspension system, including coil springs, upper and lower suspension arms, shock absorbers, stabilizer bar, track bar, and jounce bumpers. It also explains how the standard differential allows the axle shafts to rotate at different speeds when turning corners to compensate for the longer path of the outside wheel. The Model 35 axle used in the Grand Cherokee can be equipped with an optional Trac-Lok limited slip differential.
This document provides an overview of fuel delivery systems for vehicles with 4.0L and 5.2L engines. It describes the components of the fuel pump module, which is mounted in the fuel tank and contains the electric fuel pump, fuel pressure regulator, and in-tank fuel filter. The fuel pressure regulator is no longer mounted on the fuel rail. Procedures are provided for releasing fuel system pressure before servicing, and for testing fuel system pressure.
This document appears to be an electronic service manual for the 1995 Jeep Grand Cherokee. The logo on the page links to instructions when clicked. The page requests the user click the link for further information.
The document provides information on standard service procedures for engines, including form-in-place gaskets, honing cylinder bores, measuring crankshaft and connecting rod bearing clearances using Plastigage, repairing damaged or worn threads using a Heli-Coil tap, and servicing a 4.0L engine assembly (short block). It includes diagrams and step-by-step instructions for compression testing, measuring bearing clearance, and honing cylinder bores. Tables of contents and indexes provide page references for additional information on specific engines and procedures.
This document provides information about power mirrors and an automatic day/night rear view mirror on Jeep Grand Cherokee models. It describes the major components of these systems and their functions. The document also provides diagnostic procedures to test the power mirror switch and motors, as well as the automatic rear view mirror. Finally, it lists the service procedures for removing and installing the power mirror switch and removing the power mirrors and automatic rear view mirror.
The document discusses various exterior body components of a vehicle. It provides removal and installation instructions for components like the grille, headlamps, hood, hood latches and related parts. The document is organized in sections covering the grille/reinforcement, radiator support, hood, hood hinges/latches/striker and other exterior parts. Diagrams and step-by-step instructions are provided for servicing these exterior body parts.
This document provides information about power seats in Jeep Grand Cherokee models. It describes the major components of the power seat system, including the power seat switch and three reversible motors that operate the seat adjustments. The document provides guidance on diagnosing issues with the power seat motors or switch, including continuity tests of the switch connections. It also outlines procedures for removing and installing the power seat switch and motor/adjuster assembly.
This document provides information about a vehicle theft alarm system, including:
- General descriptions of how the system arms, disarms, and responds to unauthorized access attempts.
- Instructions for performing self-diagnosis tests to check the operation of sensors and circuits.
- Procedures for technicians to remove and install the VTA module, which involves removing various dash panel components.
- Steps for technicians to diagnose the system using the self-diagnosis mode and by checking for proper horn responses from sensors.
This document contains information about brakes for a vehicle model. It includes sections on general brake information, ABS brakes, changes for the 1995 model year, brake components, fluids and cleaning products, safety precautions, and an index of topics. The key points are:
- The vehicle uses power assisted four-wheel disc brakes with ABS standard on all models.
- Changes for 1995 include different master cylinder, power brake booster, and hydraulic control unit components for the ABS system.
- Safety precautions for working on brakes include wearing protective equipment and properly disposing of any potential asbestos dust.
This document provides information about exhaust systems and intake manifolds. It discusses the basic components of exhaust systems, including exhaust manifolds, pipes, catalytic converters, heat shields, mufflers and tailpipes. It describes symptoms of exhaust system problems and provides procedures for removing and installing exhaust pipes and manifolds. Intake manifolds and catalytic converters are also discussed.
The document provides general information about emission control systems, including:
1) It describes the different emission control components and systems used on 4.0L and 5.2L engines.
2) It explains how the on-board diagnostic system checks for faults in emission components like the EGR and EVAP systems.
3) It provides an overview of the evaporative emission control system and its components like the EVAP canister.
This document provides general information about audio systems for Jeep Grand Cherokee models. It describes components such as radios, speakers, antennas, and amplifiers. It also provides diagnostic procedures and service instructions for removing and installing these components.
This document provides contact information for obtaining special service tools in the United States, Canada, and internationally. The same tools or their equivalent are required for certain vehicle service operations and can be obtained from local sources or through the listed contacts, which include addresses and phone/fax numbers for Miller Special Tools in Michigan and C&D Riley Enterprises in Ontario.
The document provides information about manual transmissions and transfer cases used in Jeep vehicles, including:
- An index listing transmission and transfer case models covered
- Service information for the AX15 5-speed manual transmission, including identification, gear ratios, lubrication, diagnosis and repair procedures
- Procedures for transmission removal, disassembly, component inspection and installation
The document provides information about diagnosing issues with a vehicle's rear window defogger system. It describes the major components of the system, including the rear window glass grid, defogger switch, and defogger relay/timer. It then lists steps to test overall system operation and to isolate problems, such as using a voltmeter to check for breaks in the glass grid lines or testing power supply to the relay.
This document provides information on propeller shafts. It discusses:
1) There are three types of propeller shafts used on 4WD vehicles, differing by their joint configurations and whether they include a slip yoke.
2) Universal joints are used to allow the propeller shaft to operate at different angles and are not repairable if damaged.
3) Vibration can be caused by an unbalanced propeller shaft, worn or misaligned universal joints, or other vehicle component issues like loose engine mounts. Diagnosis procedures include measuring runout and clamping sections to isolate the source.
The document provides information on servicing a clutch system. It includes:
- Descriptions of clutch components and their functions.
- Procedures for diagnosing clutch problems through road testing, inspection of components for contamination, misalignment or excessive wear.
- Guidelines for checking flywheel and clutch disc runout and how to address issues found.
- Causes of clutch housing misalignment and how it can lead to premature wear.
- Charts outlining common clutch faults, their causes and recommended corrective actions.
- Steps for removal and installation of clutch cover/disc, housing, hydraulic linkage, pedal, pilot/release bearings and flywheel service.
The
EV Charging at MFH Properties by Whitaker JamiesonForth
Whitaker Jamieson, Senior Specialist at Forth, gave this presentation at the Forth Addressing The Challenges of Charging at Multi-Family Housing webinar on June 11, 2024.
Charging Fueling & Infrastructure (CFI) Program by Kevin MillerForth
Kevin Miller, Senior Advisor, Business Models of the Joint Office of Energy and Transportation gave this presentation at the Forth and Electrification Coalition CFI Grant Program - Overview and Technical Assistance webinar on June 12, 2024.
Implementing ELDs or Electronic Logging Devices is slowly but surely becoming the norm in fleet management. Why? Well, integrating ELDs and associated connected vehicle solutions like fleet tracking devices lets businesses and their in-house fleet managers reap several benefits. Check out the post below to learn more.
Expanding Access to Affordable At-Home EV Charging by Vanessa WarheitForth
Vanessa Warheit, Co-Founder of EV Charging for All, gave this presentation at the Forth Addressing The Challenges of Charging at Multi-Family Housing webinar on June 11, 2024.
Welcome to ASP Cranes, your trusted partner for crane solutions in Raipur, Chhattisgarh! With years of experience and a commitment to excellence, we offer a comprehensive range of crane services tailored to meet your lifting and material handling needs.
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Understanding Catalytic Converter Theft:
What is a Catalytic Converter?: Learn about the function of catalytic converters in vehicles and why they are targeted by thieves.
Why are They Stolen?: Discover the valuable metals inside catalytic converters (such as platinum, palladium, and rhodium) that make them attractive to criminals.
Steps to Prevent Catalytic Converter Theft:
Parking Strategies: Tips on where and how to park your vehicle to reduce the risk of theft, such as parking in well-lit areas or secure garages.
Protective Devices: Overview of various anti-theft devices available, including catalytic converter locks, shields, and alarms.
Etching and Marking: The benefits of etching your vehicle’s VIN on the catalytic converter or using a catalytic converter marking kit to make it traceable and less appealing to thieves.
Surveillance and Monitoring: Recommendations for using security cameras and motion-sensor lights to deter thieves.
Statistics and Insights:
Theft Rates by Borough: Analysis of data to determine which borough in NYC experiences the highest rate of catalytic converter thefts.
Recent Trends: Current trends and patterns in catalytic converter thefts to help you stay aware of emerging hotspots and tactics used by thieves.
Benefits of This Presentation:
Awareness: Increase your awareness about catalytic converter theft and its impact on vehicle owners.
Practical Tips: Gain actionable insights and tips to effectively prevent catalytic converter theft.
Local Insights: Understand the specific risks in different NYC boroughs, helping you take targeted preventive measures.
This presentation aims to equip you with the knowledge and tools needed to protect your vehicle from catalytic converter theft, ensuring you are prepared and proactive in safeguarding your property.
Charging and Fueling Infrastructure Grant: Round 2 by Brandt HertensteinForth
Brandt Hertenstein, Program Manager of the Electrification Coalition gave this presentation at the Forth and Electrification Coalition CFI Grant Program - Overview and Technical Assistance webinar on June 12, 2024.
Charging Fueling & Infrastructure (CFI) Program Resources by Cat PleinForth
Cat Plein, Development & Communications Director of Forth, gave this presentation at the Forth and Electrification Coalition CFI Grant Program - Overview and Technical Assistance webinar on June 12, 2024.
Charging Fueling & Infrastructure (CFI) Program Resources by Cat Plein
Exj 8 c
1. XJ CHARGING SYSTEM 8C - 1
CHARGING SYSTEM
CONTENTS
page page
GENERAL INFORMATION CHARGING SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... 2
OVERVIEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... 1 CURRENT OUTPUT TEST . . . . . . . . ......... 3
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION ON-BOARD DIAGNOSTIC TEST FOR
BATTERY TEMPERATURE SENSOR . . . . . . . . . 2 CHARGING SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . ......... 5
CHARGING SYSTEM OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . 1 REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
ELECTRONIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR . . . . . . . 2 BATTERY TEMPERATURE SENSOR ......... 7
GENERATOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 GENERATOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... 5
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING SPECIFICATIONS
BATTERY TEMPERATURE SENSOR . . . . . .... 5 GENERATOR RATINGS . . . . . . . . . . ......... 7
CHARGING SYSTEM RESISTANCE TESTS .... 3 TORQUE CHART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... 7
GENERAL INFORMATION • Electronic Voltage Regulator (EVR) circuitry
within the Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
OVERVIEW • Ignition switch (refer to Group 8D, Ignition Sys-
The battery, starting, and charging systems oper- tem for information)
ate with one another, and must be tested as a com- • Battery (refer to Group 8A, Battery for informa-
plete system. In order for the vehicle to start and tion)
charge properly, all of the components involved in • Battery temperature sensor
these systems must perform within specifications. • Generator Lamp (if equipped)
Group 8A covers the battery, Group 8B covers the • Check Gauges Lamp (if equipped)
starting system, and Group 8C covers the charging • Voltmeter (refer to Group 8E, Instrument Panel
system. Refer to Group 8W - Wiring Diagrams for and Gauges for information)
complete circuit descriptions and diagrams. We have • Wiring harness and connections (refer to Group
separated these systems to make it easier to locate 8W, Wiring for information)
the information you are seeking within this Service The charging system is turned on and off with the
Manual. However, when attempting to diagnose any ignition switch. When the ignition switch is turned to
of these systems, it is important that you keep their the ON position, battery voltage from the powertrain
interdependency in mind. control module (PCM) is supplied to the generator
The diagnostic procedures used in these groups rotor to produce a magnetic field. This is done
include the most basic conventional diagnostic meth- through one of the two field terminals at the rear of
ods to the more sophisticated On-Board Diagnostics generator. On models of previous years, battery
(OBD) built into the Powertrain Control Module voltage to this field terminal was supplied
(PCM). Use of a induction milliampere ammeter, volt/ directly from the ASD relay.
ohmmeter, battery charger, carbon pile rheostat (load The amount of DC current produced by the gener-
tester), and 12-volt test lamp may be required. ator is controlled by the EVR (field control) circuitry
All OBD-sensed systems are monitored by the contained within the PCM. This circuitry is con-
PCM. Each monitored circuit is assigned a Diagnos- nected in series with the second rotor field terminal
tic Trouble Code (DTC). The PCM will store a DTC in and ground.
electronic memory for any failure it detects. See the A battery temperature sensor, located in the bat-
On-Board Diagnostics Test in Group 8C - Charging tery tray housing, is used to sense battery tempera-
System for more information. ture. This temperature data, along with data from
monitored line voltage, is used by the PCM to vary
the battery charging rate. This is done by cycling the
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION ground path to control the strength of the rotor mag-
netic field. The PCM then compensates and regulates
CHARGING SYSTEM OPERATION generator current output accordingly.
The charging system consists of: All vehicles are equipped with On-Board Diagnos-
• Generator tics (OBD). All OBD-sensed systems, including the
EVR (field control) circuitry, are monitored by the
2. 8C - 2 CHARGING SYSTEM XJ
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION (Continued)
PCM. Each monitored circuit is assigned a Diagnos- ing circuit located within the Powertrain Control
tic Trouble Code (DTC). The PCM will store a DTC in Module (PCM). The EVR is not serviced separately. If
electronic memory for any failure it detects. Refer to replacement is necessary, the PCM must be replaced.
On-Board Diagnostic Test For Charging System in Operation: The amount of DC current produced
this group for more information. by the generator is controlled by EVR circuitry con-
The Check Gauges Lamp monitors: charging sys- tained within the PCM. This circuitry is connected in
tem voltage, engine coolant temperature and engine series with the generators second rotor field terminal
oil pressure. If an extreme condition is indicated, the and its ground.
lamp will be illuminated. This is done as reminder to Voltage is regulated by cycling the ground path to
check the three gauges. The signal to activate the control the strength of the rotor magnetic field. The
lamp is sent via the CCD bus circuits. The lamp is EVR circuitry monitors system line voltage and bat-
located on the instrument panel. Refer to Group 8E, tery temperature (refer to Battery Temperature Sen-
Instrument Panel and Gauges for additional informa- sor for more information). It then compensates and
tion. regulates generator current output accordingly. Also
see Charging System Operation for additional infor-
GENERATOR mation.
The generator is belt-driven by the engine using a
serpentine type drive belt. It is serviced only as a
complete assembly. If the generator fails for any rea- DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
son, the entire assembly must be replaced.
As the energized rotor begins to rotate within the CHARGING SYSTEM
generator, the spinning magnetic field induces a cur- The following procedures may be used to diagnose
rent into the windings of the stator coil. Once the the charging system if:
generator begins producing sufficient current, it also • the generator lamp (if equipped) is illuminated
provides the current needed to energize the rotor. with the engine running
The Y type stator winding connections deliver the • the voltmeter (if equipped) does not register
induced AC current to 3 positive and 3 negative properly
diodes for rectification. From the diodes, rectified DC • an undercharged or overcharged battery condi-
current is delivered to the vehicle electrical system tion occurs.
through the generator battery and ground terminals. Remember that an undercharged battery is often
Although the generators appear the same exter- caused by:
nally, different generators with different output rat- • accessories being left on with the engine not
ings are used on this vehicle. Be certain that the running
replacement generator has the same output rating • a faulty or improperly adjusted switch that
and part number as the original unit. Refer to Gen- allows a lamp to stay on. See Ignition-Off Draw Test
erator Ratings in the Specifications section at the in Group 8A, Battery for more information.
back of this group for amperage ratings and part
INSPECTION
numbers.
To perform a complete test of the charging system,
Noise emitting from the generator may be caused
refer to the appropriate Powertrain Diagnostic Proce-
by: worn, loose or defective bearings; a loose or defec-
dures service manual and the DRB scan tool. Per-
tive drive pulley; incorrect, worn, damaged or misad-
form the following inspections before attaching the
justed fan drive belt; loose mounting bolts; a
scan tool.
misaligned drive pulley or a defective stator or diode.
(1) Inspect the battery condition. Refer to Group
8A, Battery for procedures.
BATTERY TEMPERATURE SENSOR
(2) Inspect condition of battery cable terminals,
The battery temperature sensor is used to deter-
battery posts, connections at engine block, starter
mine the battery temperature and control battery
solenoid and relay. They should be clean and tight.
charging rate. This temperature data, along with
Repair as required.
data from monitored line voltage, is used by the PCM
(3) Inspect all fuses in both the fuseblock and
to vary the battery charging rate. System voltage will
Power Distribution Center (PDC) for tightness in
be higher at colder temperatures and is gradually
receptacles. They should be properly installed and
reduced at warmer temperatures.
tight. Repair or replace as required.
(4) Inspect generator mounting bolts for tightness.
ELECTRONIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR
Replace or tighten bolts if required. Refer to the Gen-
The Electronic Voltage Regulator (EVR) is not a
erator Removal/Installation section of this group for
separate component. It is actually a voltage regulat-
torque specifications.
3. GROUND TERMINAL
FIELD TERMI-
NALS B+ (OUTPUT TERMINAL)
XJ CHARGING SYSTEM 8C - 3
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING (Continued)
(5) Inspect generator drive belt condition and ten- (2) Check condition of battery cables at battery.
sion. Tighten or replace belt as required. Refer to Clean if necessary.
Belt Tension Specifications in Group 7, Cooling Sys- (3) Start the engine and allow it to reach normal
tem. operating temperature.
(6) Inspect automatic belt tensioner (if equipped). (4) Shut engine off.
Refer to Group 7, Cooling System for information. (5) Connect an engine tachometer.
(7) Inspect connections at generator field, battery (6) Fully engage the parking brake.
output, and ground terminals. Also check ground con-
nection at engine. They should all be clean and tight. TEST
Repair as required. (1) Start engine.
(2) Place heater blower in high position.
CHARGING SYSTEM RESISTANCE TESTS (3) Turn on headlamps and place in high-beam
These tests will show the amount of voltage drop position.
across the generator output wire, from the generator (4) Turn vehicle interior lamps on.
output (B+) terminal to the battery positive post. (5) Bring engine speed up to 2400 rpm and hold.
They will also show the amount of voltage drop from (6) Testing (+) circuitry:
the ground (-) terminal on the generator to the bat- (a) Touch the negative lead of voltmeter directly
tery negative post. A typical generator wiring har- to battery positive post.
ness is shown in (Fig. 1). Wiring harness routing as (b) Touch the positive lead of voltmeter to the
shown in (Fig. 1) may be slightly different depending B+ output terminal stud on the generator (not the
on vehicle model and/or engine. Refer to Group 8W, terminal mounting nut). Voltage should be no
Wiring Diagrams for additional information. higher than 0.6 volts. If voltage is higher than 0.6
volts, touch test lead to terminal mounting stud
nut and then to the wiring connector. If voltage is
now below 0.6 volts, look for dirty, loose or poor
connection at this point. Also check condition of the
generator output wire-to-battery bullet connector
(if equipped). Refer to Group 8, Wiring for connec-
tor location. A voltage drop test may be performed
at each (+) connection in this circuit to locate the
excessive resistance.
(7) Testing (-) circuitry:
(a) Touch the negative lead of voltmeter directly
to battery negative post.
(b) Touch the positive lead of voltmeter to the
ground terminal stud on the generator case (not
the terminal mounting nut). Voltage should be no
higher than 0.3 volts. If voltage is higher than 0.3
volts, touch test lead to terminal mounting stud
nut and then to the wiring connector. If voltage is
now below 0.3 volts, look for dirty, loose or poor
connection at this point. A voltage drop test may be
performed at each (-) connection in this circuit to
locate the excessive resistance. This test can also
be performed between the generator case and the
Fig. 1 Generator Terminals (Typical Wiring Harness engine. If test voltage is higher than 0.3 volts,
Shown) check for corrosion at generator mounting points or
A voltmeter with a 0–18 volt DC scale should be loose generator mounting.
used for these tests. By repositioning the voltmeter
test leads, the point of high resistance (voltage drop) CURRENT OUTPUT TEST
can easily be found. The current output test will determine if the
charging system can deliver its minimum test cur-
PREPARATION rent (amperage) output. Refer to the Specifications
(1) Before starting test, make sure battery is in section at the end of this group for minimum test
good condition and is fully-charged. See Group 8A, current (amperage) requirements.
Battery for more information. The first part of this test (Test 1) will determine
the combined amperage output of both the generator
4. 8C - 4 CHARGING SYSTEM XJ
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING (Continued)
and the Electronic Voltage Regulator (EVR) circuitry. (5) With engine speed held at 2500 rpm, slowly
The second part of this test (Test 2) will determine adjust the rheostat control (load) on the tester to
only generator amperage and will not include anal- obtain the highest amperage reading. Do not allow
ysis of EVR circuitry. EVR circuitry is located within voltage to drop below 12 volts. Record the reading.
the Powertrain Control Module (PCM). To test volt- This load test must be performed within 15 sec-
age regulator circuitry, refer to the appropriate Pow- onds to prevent damage to test equipment. On
ertrain Diagnostic Procedures service manual. certain brands of test equipment, this load will be
applied automatically. Refer to the operating manual
PREPARATION supplied with test equipment.
(1) Determine if any Diagnostic Trouble Codes (6) The ammeter reading must meet the Minimum
(DTC’s) exist. To determine a DTC, refer to On-Board Test Amps specifications as displayed in the Genera-
Diagnostics in this group. For repair, refer to the tor Ratings chart. This can be found in the Specifica-
appropriate Powertrain Diagnostic Procedures man- tions section at the end of this group. A label stating
ual. a part reference number is attached to the generator
(2) Before starting test, make sure battery is in case. On some engines this label may be located on
good condition and is fully-charged. See Group 8A, the bottom of the case. Compare this reference num-
Battery for more information. ber to the Generator Ratings chart.
(3) Check condition of battery cables at battery. (7) Rotate the load control to the OFF position.
Clean if necessary. (8) Continue holding engine speed at 2500. If EVR
(4) Perform the previous Charging System Resis- circuitry is OK, amperage should drop below 15–20
tance Tests (voltage drop tests). This will ensure amps. With all electrical accessories and vehicle
clean and tight generator/battery electrical connec- lighting off, this could take several minutes of engine
tions. operation. If amperage did not drop, refer to the
(5) Be sure the generator drive belt is properly appropriate Powertrain Diagnostic Procedures man-
tensioned. Refer to Group 7, Cooling System for ual for testing.
information. (9) Remove volt/amp tester.
(6) A volt/amp tester equipped with both a battery If minimum amperage could not be met, proceed to
load control (carbon pile rheostat) and an inductive- Test 2. This test will determine if the generator is
type pickup clamp (ammeter probe) will be used for faulty, or if EVR circuitry is defective.
this test. Refer to operating instructions supplied
with tester. When using a tester equipped with an TEST 2
inductive-type clamp, removal of wiring at the gener- (1) Perform the previous test preparation.
ator will not be necessary. (2) Fully engage the parking brake.
(7) Start the engine and allow it to reach operating (3) Connect one end of a jumper wire to a good
temperature. ground. Connect the other end of jumper wire to the
(8) Shut engine off. generator field driver (-) terminal. The 2 field termi-
(9) Turn off all electrical accessories and all vehicle nals (+ and -) are located on the back of the genera-
lighting. tor (Fig. 1). To locate and identify the (-) terminal
(10) Connect the volt/amp tester leads to the bat- and circuit, refer to Group 8W, Wiring Diagrams.
tery. Be sure the carbon pile rheostat control is in the Another way to identify the (-) terminal is to start
OPEN or OFF position before connecting leads. See the engine and measure voltage at both field termi-
Load Test in Group 8A, Battery for more information. nals. The (+) terminal will show battery voltage
Also refer to the operating instructions supplied with (12.5–14.5 volts). The (-) terminal will show 3–5 volts
test equipment. less than battery voltage.
(11) Connect the inductive clamp (ammeter probe).
Refer to the operating instructions supplied with test CAUTION: Do not connect the jumper ground wire
equipment. to the generator field source (+) field terminal. Dam-
(12) If volt/amp tester is not equipped with an age to electrical system components may result.
engine tachometer, connect a separate tachometer to
the engine. Connecting the jumper wire will remove the volt-
age regulator circuitry from the test. It will also gen-
TEST 1 erate a Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC).
(1) Perform the previous test Preparation. (4) Start engine. Immediately after starting,
(2) Fully engage the parking brake. reduce engine speed to idle. This will prevent any
(3) Start engine. electrical accessory damage from high voltage.
(4) Bring engine speed to 2500 rpm. (5) Adjust carbon pile rheostat (load) and engine
speed in slow increments until a speed of 1250 rpm,
5. BATTERY TRAY BATTERY TEMPERATURE SENSOR
XJ CHARGING SYSTEM 8C - 5
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING (Continued)
and a voltmeter reading of 15 volts is obtained.
Immediately record ammeter reading. Do not apply
load to system longer than 15 seconds as damage to
test equipment may result.
CAUTION: When adjusting rheostat load, do not
allow voltage to rise above 16 volts. Damage to the
battery and electrical system components may
result.
(6) The ammeter reading must meet the Minimum
Test Amps specifications as displayed in the Genera-
tor Ratings chart. This can be found in the Specifica-
tions section at the end of this group. A label stating
a part reference number is attached to the generator
case. On some engines this label may be located on
the bottom of the case. Compare this reference num-
ber to the Generator Rating chart.
(7) Remove volt/amp tester.
(8) Remove jumper wire.
(9) Use the DRB scan tool to erase the DTC. Refer
to the DRB screen for procedures.
Fig. 2 Battery Temperature Sensor
RESULTS
• If amp reading meets specifications in Test 2, ON-BOARD DIAGNOSTIC TEST FOR CHARGING
generator is OK. SYSTEM
• If amp reading is less than specified in Test 2, The Powertrain Control Module (PCM) monitors
and wire resistance (voltage drop) tests were OK, the critical input and output circuits of the charging sys-
generator should be replaced. Refer to Removal and tem, making sure they are operational. A Diagnostic
Installation in this group for procedures. Trouble Code (DTC) is assigned to each input and
• If Test 2 results were OK, but Test 1 results output circuit monitored by the On-Board Diagnostic
were not, the problem is in EVR circuitry. Refer to (OBD) system. Some circuits are checked continu-
appropriate Powertrain Diagnostic Procedures man- ously and some are checked only under certain con-
ual for diagnosis. ditions.
For DTC information, refer to Diagnostic Trouble
BATTERY TEMPERATURE SENSOR Codes in Group 25, Emission Control System. This
To perform a complete test of this sensor and its will include a complete list of DTC’s including DTC’s
circuitry, refer to the appropriate Powertrain Diag- for the charging system.
nostic Procedures manual. To test the sensor only,
refer to the following:
(1) The sensor is located under the battery and is REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
attached to the battery tray (Fig. 2). A two-wire pig-
tail harness is attached directly to the sensor. The GENERATOR
opposite end of this harness connects the sensor to
the engine wiring harness. REMOVAL
(2) Disconnect the two-wire pigtail harness from
WARNING: DISCONNECT NEGATIVE CABLE FROM
the engine harness.
BATTERY BEFORE REMOVING BATTERY OUTPUT
(3) Attach ohmmeter leads to the wire terminals of
WIRE (B+ WIRE) FROM GENERATOR. FAILURE TO
the pigtail harness.
DO SO CAN RESULT IN INJURY OR DAMAGE TO
(4) At room temperature of 25° C (75–80° F), an
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM.
ohmmeter reading of 9,000 (9K) to 11,000 (11K) ohms
should be observed. (1) Disconnect negative battery cable at battery.
(5) If reading is above or below the specification, (2) Remove generator drive belt. Refer to Group 7,
replace the sensor. Cooling System for procedures.
(6) Refer to the Removal and Installation section (3) Left Hand Drive (LHD) Vehicles Only: Remove
for procedures. generator pivot and mounting bolts/nut (Fig. 3) or
6. UPPER MOUNTING
BRACKET SPACER
SPACER UPPER MOUNTING BOLT
GENERATOR
BRACKET BOLT
GENERATOR
LOWER BOLT
UPPER
UPPER WIRE HARNESS
BELT ADJUSTMENT
HOLDOWN NUT
BOLTS B+ TERMINAL GROUND (-)GENERATORUPPER NUT
FWD TERMINALFIELD BOLT
LOWER TERMI-
NALS
8C - 6 CHARGING SYSTEM XJ
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION (Continued)
(Fig. 4). Position generator for access to wire connec-
tors.
(4) Right Hand Drive (RHD) Vehicles Only:
Remove upper nut (generator adjustment nut) and
both belt adjustment bolts (Fig. 5). Remove generator
lower nut/bolt. Position generator for access to wire
connectors.
Fig. 5 Remove/Install Generator—4.0L Engine—RHD
Fig. 3 Remove/Install Generator—2.5L Engine
Fig. 6 Remove/Install Generator Connectors—
Typical
Remove wire connectors. A typical generator wiring
harness is shown in (Fig. 6). Wiring harness routing
as shown may be slightly different depending on
vehicle model and/or engine. Refer to Group 8W, Wir-
ing Diagrams for additional information.
(6) Remove generator from vehicle.
INSTALLATION
(1) Position generator to engine and install wiring
to rear of generator. Tighten all wiring fasteners as
follows:
Fig. 4 Remove/Install Generator—4.0L Engine—LHD • Battery terminal nut-8.5 N·m (75 in. lbs.)
• Ground terminal nut-8.5 N·m (75 in. lbs.)
(5) Remove nuts from harness hold-down, battery • Harness hold-down nut-8.5 N·m (75 in. lbs.)
terminal, ground terminal and 2 field terminals. • Field terminal nuts-2.8 N·m (25 in. lbs.)
7. BATTERY TRAY BATTERY TEMPERATURE SENSOR
XJ CHARGING SYSTEM 8C - 7
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION (Continued)
(2) LHD Vehicles: Install generator fasteners and
tighten as follows:
• Generator upper mounting bolt-55 N·m (41 ft.
lbs.)
• Generator lower pivot bolt/nut-55 N·m (41 ft.
lbs.)
CAUTION: Never force a belt over a pulley rim
using a screwdriver. The synthetic fiber of the belt
can be damaged.
CAUTION: When installing a serpentine accessory
drive belt, the belt MUST be routed correctly. The
water pump will be rotating in the wrong direction if
the belt is installed incorrectly, causing the engine
to overheat. Refer to belt routing label in engine
compartment, or refer to Belt Schematics in Group
7, Cooling System.
(3) LHD Vehicles: Install generator drive belt.
Refer to Group 7, Cooling System for procedures.
(4) RHD Vehicles: Install upper nut (generator
adjustment nut) and both belt adjustment bolts. Fig. 7 Battery Temperature Sensor
Install generator lower nut/bolt. REMOVAL
(5) RHD Vehicles: On vehicles equipped with RHD, (1) Remove battery. Refer to Group 8A, Battery for
the generator is used to adjust the serpentine belt. procedures.
Refer to Group 7, Cooling System for belt routing, (2) Disconnect sensor pigtail harness from engine
belt adjustment and bolt tightening procedures. wire harness.
(6) Install negative battery cable to battery. (3) Pry sensor straight up from battery tray
mounting hole.
BATTERY TEMPERATURE SENSOR
The battery temperature sensor is located under INSTALLATION
vehicle battery and is attached to a mounting hole on (1) Feed pigtail harness through hole in top of bat-
battery tray. tery tray and press sensor into top of battery tray.
(2) Connect pigtail harness.
(3) Install battery. Refer to Group 8A, Battery for
procedures.
SPECIFICATIONS
GENERATOR RATINGS
TYPE PART NUMBER RATED SAE AMPS ENGINES MINIMUM TEST AMPS
DENSO 56005685AB 119 2.5L/4.0L 90
TORQUE CHART Description Torque
Right Hand Drive= RHD, Left Hand Drive= LHD. Battery Terminal Nut—LHD or
RHD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5 N·m (75 in. lbs.)
Description Torque Ground Terminal Nut—LHD or
Generator Mounting RHD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5 N·m (75 in. lbs.)
Bolt—LHD—2.5L/4.0L Harness Hold-down Nut—LHD or
Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 N·m (41 ft. lbs.) RHD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5 N·m (75 in. lbs.)
Generator Pivot Bolt/ Field Terminal Nuts—LHD or
Nut—LHD—2.5L/4.0L Engine . 55 N·m (41 ft. lbs.) RHD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8 N·m (25 in. lbs.)
8.
9. XJ CHARGING SYSTEM 8C - 1
CHARGING SYSTEM
CONTENTS
page page
GENERAL INFORMATION REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 GENERATOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
VACUUM PUMP TEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
GENERAL INFORMATION CAUTION: When installing a serpentine accessory
drive belt, the belt MUST be routed correctly. The
INTRODUCTION water pump will be rotating in the wrong direction if
The generator used on the 2.5L diesel engine is the belt is installed incorrectly, causing the engine
equipped with a built-on vacuum pump. This pump, to overheat. Refer to belt routing label in engine
in conjunction with a second vacuum pump located compartment, or refer to Belt Schematics in Group
within the engine, will supply vacuum for: the heat/ 7, Cooling System.
A-C system, speed control system and power brake
booster. (1) Disconnect negative battery cable.
The generator/vacuum pump assembly is serviced (2) Remove generator/vacuum pump drive belt.
as one part. If the pump or generator should be Refer to Group 7, Cooling System for procedure.
faulty, replace the entire assembly. The only service- (3) Remove the nut securing battery output cable
able part is the drive pulley. to B+ terminal (Fig. 1) at rear of generator.
(4) Unplug field terminal connector (Fig. 1) at rear
of generator.
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING (5) Remove vacuum hose from upper vacuum hose
fitting on vacuum pump (Fig. 2).
VACUUM PUMP TEST (6) Remove upper generator mounting bolt.
Refer to Group 5, Brake System for vacuum pump (7) Loosen, but do not remove, the lower generator
information and testing. mounting bolt as required to gain access to vacuum
pump oil lines.
(8) Place a drain pan below generator to catch oil
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION from vacuum pump.
(9) Remove banjo bolt retaining oil feed hose (Fig.
GENERATOR 3) at bottom of vacuum pump.
(10) Loosen hose clamp and remove oil return hose
WARNING: DISCONNECT NEGATIVE CABLE FROM
(Fig. 2) from fitting at bottom of pump.
BATTERY BEFORE REMOVING BATTERY OUTPUT
(11) Remove lower generator mounting bolt and
WIRE FROM GENERATOR. FAILURE TO DO SO
remove generator/vacuum pump from vehicle.
CAN RESULT IN INJURY.
(12) Reverse the removal procedures for installa-
tion. Tighten hardware in order as follows:
CAUTION: Never force a belt over a pulley rim • Banjo Bolt (Vacuum Pump Oil Feed Hose)—15
using a screwdriver. The synthetic fiber of the belt N·m (11 ft. lbs.)
can be damaged. • Upper Generator Mounting Bolt—27.5 N·m (20
ft. lbs.)
• Lower Generator Mounting Bolt—47 N·m (35 ft.
lbs.)
• Battery Terminal (generator B+ terminal) Nut—
8.5 N·m (75 in. lbs.)