This document discusses the use of exclamatory words and sentences to express strong emotions. It provides examples of exclamatory words used to show emotions like love, anger, happiness, and confusion. It also discusses rules for using exclamatory punctuation, noting that an exclamation mark should be placed at the end of the sentence, not in the middle. Finally, it gives more examples of exclamatory sentences expressing various emotions.

2. EXCLAMATORY WORDS IS USED TO SHOW A VAST RANGE OF EMOTIONS OR A STRONG EMOTIONAL
RESPONSES.
( LOVE, ANGER, HAPPINESS, CONFUSION, ELATION OR ANY OTHER TYPED OF EXUBERANT
EXUBERANT EMOTION).
FOR EXAMPLE:
- WOW! - HOW TERRIBLE!
- AMAZING! - HOW AWESOME!
- FANTASTIC! - HOW INTERESTING!

3. • AN EXCLAMATORY SENTENCE IS USED EXPRESS A SUDDEN EMOTION. IT COULD BE FEAR,
ANGER, ANXIETY, ADMIRATION, EXCITEMENT ETC.
• RULE NUMBER ONE: IF THE NOUN IN YOUR SENTENCE IS PLURAL, THE CORRECT CHOICE
CORRECT CHOICE IS WHAT, NOT HOW.
“WHAT FANTASTIC DRESSES THESE ARE!”
“WHAT A FANTASTIC DRESS THIS!”

4. WHEN PUNCTUATING AN EXCLAMATORY SENTENCE, THE EXCLAMATION MARK
SHOULD BE AT THE SENTENCE END, NOT IN THE MIDDLE OF THE SENTENCE.
“FANTASTIC, WE CLOSED THE DEAL!”
• FOR EXAMPLE: NO, YOU DID NOT HAVE PERMISSION TO STAY OUT THIS LATE!
(ANGER)
I CAN’T FIGURE THIS OUT! (FRUSTRATION)
OUR TEAM WON THE CHAMPIONSHIP! (HAPPINESS)
I DON’T KNOW WHAT HAPPENED HERE!
(CONFUSION)
I SIMPLY ADORE YOU! (LOVE)
I JUST WON THE LOTTERY! (ELATION)
MY LIFE WILL NEVER BE THE SAME WITHOUT YOU! (SORROW)
OH, I DIDN’T SEE YOU COME IN! (SURPRISE)

5. 1. EXPRESSING IDEAS SUCH AS JOY, ADMIRATION, SURPRISE AND WONDER
EXAMPLE :
- WELL DONE !
- BRAVO !
- EXCELLENT !
- HOW LOVELY !
- CONRATULATIONS !

6. We can use these modal verbs (also
called modals of deduction, speculation or
certainty) when we want to make a guess
about something. We choose the verb
depending on how sure we are.

7. THE PAST
• STRUCTURE: MODAL + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
MUST HAVE BEEN, CAN'T HAVE GONE, COULDN'T HAVE GONE
• WE USE MUST HAVE TO EXPRESS THAT WE FEEL SURE THAT
SOMETHING WAS TRUE.
FOR EXAMPLE: THEY MUST HAVE LEFT EARLY.
HE MUST HAVE ALREADY GONE.
• WE USE CAN'T HAVE / COULDN'T HAVE TO SAY THAT WE BELIEVE
SOMETHING WAS IMPOSSIBLE.
FOR EXAMPLE: HE CAN'T HAVE ESCAPED THROUGH THIS
WINDOW. IT IS TOO SMALL.
SHE CAN'T HAVE SAID THAT.
SHE COULDN'T HAVE SAID THAT.

8. •MAY / MIGHT / COULD HAVE - TO EXPRESS PROBABILITY IN THE
PAST
• STRUCTURE: MODAL + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
MAY HAVE BEEN, COULD HAVE GONE, MIGHT HAVE LOST
• WE USE MAY / COULD / MIGHT HAVE TO SAY THAT IT WAS
POSSIBLE THAT SOMETHING HAPPENED IN THE PAST (BUT WE
ARE NOT 100% SURE).
FOR EXAMPLE: HE MAY HAVE MISSED THE BUS.
THE ROAD MIGHT HAVE BEEN BLOCKED.
• THE NEGATIVES ARE MAY NOT HAVE AND MIGHT NOT HAVE.
FOR EXAMPLE: HE MAY NOT HAVE LEFT YET.
THE ASSISTANT MIGHT NOT HAVE RECEIVED HIS
MESSAGE.