Homonym & polysemy
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This document discusses homonyms and polysemy. A homonym is a word that is spelled and pronounced the same as another word but has a different meaning. Polysemy refers to a single word having multiple related meanings. The document provides examples of homonyms like "arm" and "flat" and polysemous words like "book" and "milk." It explains that while homonyms have no relationship between meanings, polysemous meanings can be traced etymologically and semantically.
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Implicature
1. In the first conversation, the Quality maxim is being flouted.
2. In the second conversation, the Quantity maxim is being flouted.
3. In the third conversation, the Relevance maxim is being flouted.
4. In the fourth conversation, the Manner maxim of avoiding ambiguity is being flouted.
2. Yes, the implicatures are successful in each case because the hearer recognizes that a maxim is being flouted and is able to infer the implicated meaning.
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Implicatures
Implicatures are inferred assumptions that cannot be directly derived from linguistic forms. There are two types: conventional implicatures which are conventionally attached to linguistic forms, and conversational implicatures which are assumptions not fully encoded in what is said. Conversational implicatures are context dependent, defeasible, non-detachable, and calculable based on meaning and context. Approaches to explaining implicatures include the coding hypothesis, restricted coding mechanism, maxim-based accounts, and relevance-based accounts.
Semantics
The document discusses various lexical semantic relations between words such as synonyms, antonyms, hyponyms, homophones, polysemy, and collocations. It defines each relation and provides examples to illustrate how the meaning of words can be related or contrasted in multiple ways. The key relations covered are synonyms (words with similar meanings), antonyms (opposite meanings), hyponyms (a specific example of a general category), and polysemy (a single word with multiple related meanings).
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1. In the first conversation, the Quality maxim is being flouted.
2. In the second conversation, the Quantity maxim is being flouted.
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Implicatures are inferred assumptions that cannot be directly derived from linguistic forms. There are two types: conventional implicatures which are conventionally attached to linguistic forms, and conversational implicatures which are assumptions not fully encoded in what is said. Conversational implicatures are context dependent, defeasible, non-detachable, and calculable based on meaning and context. Approaches to explaining implicatures include the coding hypothesis, restricted coding mechanism, maxim-based accounts, and relevance-based accounts.
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This document discusses reference and inference in pragmatics. It explains that words themselves do not refer to anything directly, but rather people use words to refer to people and things. For successful reference to occur, listeners must make inferences to connect what is said to what is meant. Reference involves both the speaker's intention to identify something and the listener's recognition and interpretation of that intention through inferences based on context and shared background knowledge.
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Textual equivalence
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The document discusses the triangle of reference and the relationship between sense and reference in language. [1] It explains that the triangle of reference describes how words suggest ideas in the mind that relate to real-world objects. [2] It then discusses the difference between sense, which deals with relationships within language, and reference, which deals with relationships between language and the world. [3] It provides examples of how expressions can have variable or constant reference and how the same sense can belong to expressions in different languages.
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This document discusses the seven types of meaning:
1. Conceptual or denotative meaning refers to the basic dictionary definition.
2. Connotative meaning includes attributes and associations beyond the literal meaning.
3. Social meaning conveys information about the social context and characteristics of the speaker.
4. Affective or emotive meaning refers to the feelings and attitudes expressed by the speaker.
5. Reflected meaning arises when a word has multiple meanings that influence one another.
6. Collocative meaning refers to associations based on habitual co-occurrence with other words.
7. Thematic meaning is communicated through how the message is organized and what is emphasized.
Collocation
The document discusses different types of collocations, including grammatical collocations, lexical collocations, strong collocations, weak collocations, medium strength collocations, and unique collocations. Grammatical collocations involve a noun, verb, or adjective plus a preposition or verb form. Lexical collocations predictably connect a verb, noun, adjective, or adverb with another word. Strong collocations have words that are highly attached and occur together frequently, while weak collocations have freely substitutable words. Medium strength collocations occur together more often than other combinations. Unique collocations involve words that are singular in how they co-occur.
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The document introduces the concept of referring expressions and discusses how some expressions can be used to refer to objects or people depending on the context, while others can never be used to refer. It also defines opaque contexts as parts of sentences where substituting co-referential expressions can change the meaning, and equative sentences as those used to assert the identity of two referring expressions.
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Sense relations & Semantics
1. Sense relation is a paradigmatic relation between words or predicates that results from the semantic relatedness between forms and meanings.
2. There are several types of sense relations, including synonymy (words with the same meaning), polysemy (words with multiple meanings), hyponymy (more specific terms that fall under a more general term), and antonyms (words with opposite meanings).
3. Semantics is the study of meaning in language. Word meanings can be classified in different ways, including referential, associative, connotative, social, affective, and reflected meanings.
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This document presents a group project discussing five semantic relations: homonymy, polysemy, synonymy, meronymy, and metonymy. The group provides definitions and examples for each relation. Homonymy refers to words with the same spelling but different meanings. Polysemy is when a word has multiple distinct meanings. Synonymy involves words with similar or identical meanings. Meronymy describes a part-whole relationship between words. Metonymy is when one word is substituted for another closely associated word.
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This document discusses reference and inference in pragmatics. It explains that words themselves do not refer to anything directly, but rather people use words to refer to people and things. For successful reference to occur, listeners must make inferences to connect what is said to what is meant. Reference involves both the speaker's intention to identify something and the listener's recognition and interpretation of that intention through inferences based on context and shared background knowledge.
Deixis
Deixis refers to linguistic expressions that can only be interpreted based on contextual information like who is speaking, their location, or the time. There are several types of deixis:
1. Person deixis refers to pronouns like I, you, he, she that indicate speakers and addressees.
2. Place or spatial deixis uses words like here, there, this, that to indicate locations relative to the speaker.
3. Time or temporal deixis includes words like now, then, tomorrow to reference times in relation to the moment of speaking.
4. Other types include discourse deixis which references elements within a conversation or text, and social deixis which reflects social relationships
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This document discusses semantics and the key concepts of reference, sense, and referring expressions. It defines semantics as the study of meaning in language. Reference deals with the relationship between language and the world, while sense deals with relationships inside language. Referring expressions are used to refer to something and can be indefinite or definite noun phrases depending on context. The document provides examples and explanations of these semantic concepts.
Collocations
The document discusses collocations, or words that frequently occur together. It provides examples of verbs that collocate with certain nouns, such as "perform an operation" but not "perform a discussion". Adjectives are also discussed, such as "high probability" but not "high chance". Finally, it discusses adverb and adjective combinations like "terribly sorry" and "highly unlikely".
Ambiguity
This document discusses ambiguity in language. It defines ambiguity as when a word, phrase or sentence has more than one possible meaning. There are two main types of ambiguity: lexical ambiguity, which occurs when a single word has multiple meanings, and structural ambiguity, which occurs when the structure of a phrase or sentence allows for more than one interpretation. Several examples are provided to illustrate different instances of lexical and structural ambiguity.
Constatives & performatives
This document discusses the distinction between constative and performative utterances as described by J.L. Austin. Constatives are statements that can be true or false, such as "the window is open." Performatives are utterances that perform an action, like orders, promises, and bets. Implicit performatives do not specify the speech act, while explicit performatives use performative verbs like "I promise." Performatives can be happy if well-chosen or unhappy if inappropriate. The key difference is that constatives report or describe while performatives perform an action in saying something.
Presupposition
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This document discusses reference, sense, and referring expressions in semantics. It defines semantics as the study of meaning in language. Reference deals with the relationship between language and the world, while sense deals with relationships inside language. There are two types of reference: variable reference, where a word can refer to different things, and constant reference, where a word always refers to the same thing. Sense is the place of an expression in a system of semantic relationships with other expressions. A referring expression is any expression used to refer to something, and can be indefinite or definite depending on the context. Opaque contexts and equative sentences are also discussed in relation to referring expressions.
Polysemi
Polysemy refers to a single word having multiple related meanings. It occurs when the same phonological word is used with different but related senses. An example is the word "walk" which can mean to move on foot, go on a stroll, or leave in an angry manner. Another example is the word "bank" which can refer to a financial institution or the rising land at the edge of a river or other body of water. According to linguist Saeed, polysemy is similar to homonymy but involves a close semantic relationship between the multiple meanings of a single word form.
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This document discusses implicature, which refers to what a speaker suggests or implies beyond the literal meaning of an utterance. There are two types of implicature: conversational implicature, which is derived from conversational principles and assumptions, and conventional implicature, which is associated with specific words. Conversational implicature can be generalized or particularized. Scalar implicature communicates additional information based on a scale of values used in an utterance. The document provides examples to illustrate these concepts of implicature.
Semantics
This document discusses semantics, which is the study of meaning in language. It defines semantics as the analysis of meaning of words, phrases, and sentences. It then discusses different types of meaning, including conceptual meaning, which refers to the linguistic function of a word, and associative meaning, which deals with additional concepts linked to words. The document also covers semantic features, roles, and lexical relations that provide meaning, such as synonymy, antonymy, hyponymy, and polysemy.
Textual equivalence
The document discusses various types of cohesion that provide links between parts of a text, including reference, substitution, ellipsis, conjunction, and lexical cohesion. Reference uses words like pronouns to refer to things introduced earlier. Substitution and ellipsis involve replacing or omitting words. Conjunction uses words like "and" and "but" to connect sentences. Lexical cohesion involves repeating or associating vocabulary through reiteration or collocation. Different languages use these cohesion techniques in different ways.
Unit 3 - Reference and Sense
The document discusses the triangle of reference and the relationship between sense and reference in language. [1] It explains that the triangle of reference describes how words suggest ideas in the mind that relate to real-world objects. [2] It then discusses the difference between sense, which deals with relationships within language, and reference, which deals with relationships between language and the world. [3] It provides examples of how expressions can have variable or constant reference and how the same sense can belong to expressions in different languages.
Semantics: Seven types of meaning
This document discusses the seven types of meaning:
1. Conceptual or denotative meaning refers to the basic dictionary definition.
2. Connotative meaning includes attributes and associations beyond the literal meaning.
3. Social meaning conveys information about the social context and characteristics of the speaker.
4. Affective or emotive meaning refers to the feelings and attitudes expressed by the speaker.
5. Reflected meaning arises when a word has multiple meanings that influence one another.
6. Collocative meaning refers to associations based on habitual co-occurrence with other words.
7. Thematic meaning is communicated through how the message is organized and what is emphasized.
Collocation
The document discusses different types of collocations, including grammatical collocations, lexical collocations, strong collocations, weak collocations, medium strength collocations, and unique collocations. Grammatical collocations involve a noun, verb, or adjective plus a preposition or verb form. Lexical collocations predictably connect a verb, noun, adjective, or adverb with another word. Strong collocations have words that are highly attached and occur together frequently, while weak collocations have freely substitutable words. Medium strength collocations occur together more often than other combinations. Unique collocations involve words that are singular in how they co-occur.
LEXICOGRAPHY
Lexicography involves processes for determining word meanings and constructing dictionaries. It includes designing guidelines, researching words and definitions, and formatting entries for publication. There are two related disciplines: practical lexicography focuses on compiling dictionaries, while theoretical lexicography analyzes lexicons and develops theories to improve dictionaries. Corpora are important resources used in both disciplines to study word usage and inform dictionary content. Word sketches were developed to efficiently analyze large corpora and streamline the process of identifying relevant collocates for dictionary entries.
Unit 4 - Referring Expressions
The document introduces the concept of referring expressions and discusses how some expressions can be used to refer to objects or people depending on the context, while others can never be used to refer. It also defines opaque contexts as parts of sentences where substituting co-referential expressions can change the meaning, and equative sentences as those used to assert the identity of two referring expressions.
Speech acts
The document discusses speech acts, which are actions performed through language. A speech act can be divided into a locutionary act (the words used), an illocutionary act (the intended meaning or function), and a perlocutionary act (the effect on the listener). Certain words like "I promise" explicitly indicate the speech act, while others rely on context clues. For a speech act to be valid, certain felicity conditions regarding the situation and participants must be met. Speech acts can be classified based on their functions, such as representatives that convey information or directives that request actions. Indirect speech acts imply a meaning different than the literal words.
Sense relations & Semantics
1. Sense relation is a paradigmatic relation between words or predicates that results from the semantic relatedness between forms and meanings.
2. There are several types of sense relations, including synonymy (words with the same meaning), polysemy (words with multiple meanings), hyponymy (more specific terms that fall under a more general term), and antonyms (words with opposite meanings).
3. Semantics is the study of meaning in language. Word meanings can be classified in different ways, including referential, associative, connotative, social, affective, and reflected meanings.
Speech acts and events
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This document presents a group project discussing five semantic relations: homonymy, polysemy, synonymy, meronymy, and metonymy. The group provides definitions and examples for each relation. Homonymy refers to words with the same spelling but different meanings. Polysemy is when a word has multiple distinct meanings. Synonymy involves words with similar or identical meanings. Meronymy describes a part-whole relationship between words. Metonymy is when one word is substituted for another closely associated word.
Homonym
Homonyms are words that are identical in sound, spelling, or both, but have different meanings. There are three main types of homonyms: homonyms proper which have the same spelling and sound but different meanings, homographs which have the same spelling but different sounds and meanings, and homophones which have the same sound but different spellings and meanings. Linguists further classify homonyms into full homonyms and partial homonyms depending on the extent of the overlap in spelling, sound, and meaning.
Cooperative principle.
The document summarizes Grice's theory of conversational implicature, which proposes that conversations are generally cooperative endeavors governed by a cooperative principle and four maxims: quality, quantity, relation, and manner. It provides definitions and examples of each maxim, and explains how apparent violations of the maxims, known as floutings, can imply additional meanings through implicature.
figures of speech metanomy and metaphor
This document discusses figures of speech and provides examples of metonymy and metaphor. Metonymy is when one element is substituted for another related element, such as referring to people in "suits" being at a meeting. Metaphor is an implied comparison without using words like "like" or "as", comparing two unlike things such as describing someone as "a walking dictionary". Examples of both figures of speech are given, such as "the pen is mightier than the sword" being an example of metonymy and "he is the Hitler of our school" being an example of metaphor.
Homonymy
The document discusses homonyms, which are words that are identical in sound or spelling but have different meanings. It provides examples of different types of homonyms in English, such as lexical homonyms which differ only in meaning (e.g. fair-fare), grammatical homonyms which also differ in part of speech (e.g. milk-to milk), and lexico-grammatical homonyms which differ in both meaning and part of speech (e.g. tear-to tear). The document also examines how homonyms can arise through processes like sound changes, borrowings, shortenings, and the diverging or converging development of word meanings over time.
Figures of speech (Semantics)
The document discusses denotation and connotation of words. It defines denotation as the core or dictionary meaning of a word, while connotation refers to the additional meanings and associations a word can have beyond its denotative meaning. These associations can be positive or negative depending on cultural and personal factors. Examples are provided to illustrate how the same words like "child" and "woman" can have different connotations in different contexts. The document also distinguishes between denotation and connotation, literal and figurative meanings of words, and different types of figures of speech like simile, metaphor, metonymy and synecdoche.
Polysemous and Homonymous expressions
Polysemous expressions are words or phrases that have multiple related meanings. They differ from homonyms, where the multiple meanings are unrelated. Newspaper and wood are examples of polysemous expressions, as newspaper can refer to the company, physical paper, or edited work, and wood can refer to tree material or a forested area. In contrast, a homonym is a word that shares spelling and pronunciation with another word but has an unrelated meaning, like bow as a gesture of respect or a weapon.
Metaphor and metonymy franklin delacruz
This document discusses metaphor and metonymy. [1] Metaphor involves understanding one conceptual domain in terms of another domain through similarity or analogy. Metonymy involves understanding one domain in terms of another associated domain through physical or causal proximity. [2] Examples of common metaphors include ARGUMENT IS WAR and TIME IS MONEY. Examples of common metonymies include PART FOR WHOLE and PRODUCER FOR PRODUCT. [3] Metaphor and metonymy are pervasive in both everyday language and abstract thought, and involve complex cognitive mappings between conceptual domains.
Homonyms
Homonyms are words that sound the same but have different meanings and spellings. Common homonym mistakes in writing can be corrected by memorizing frequently confused word pairs like its/it's and to/too/two and practicing using the right homonym for the intended meaning in sentences. Spellcheckers cannot fix homonym errors, so writers need to learn the differences to produce correct grammar.
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HOMONYM, POLYSEM &HYPONYMY
This document discusses different types of word relationships:
Homonyms are words that are spelled or pronounced the same but have different unrelated meanings, like "arm" and "flat".
Polysemy refers to words that have multiple related meanings, like "head" referring to both the body part and the leader of a company.
Hyponymy is a hierarchical relationship where one word includes the meaning of another more specific word, like "cook" being more general than the hyponyms "roast", "boil", etc.
Theory, text and context
The document discusses various techniques for creating cohesion in text, including repetition, reference, substitution, ellipsis, and conjunction. It defines each technique and provides examples to illustrate how they link ideas and give text meaning and coherence.
Essay Every Journey Has An End. Online assignment writing service.
This graduation speech encourages students to build themselves and others up through their actions. It emphasizes that everyone, regardless of status, can choose to be either "a stumbling block or stepping stone" for others through how they live their life. The speech cites Martin Luther King Jr. as exemplifying effort towards his dreams and being "essential" through serving others with love and grace. Students are encouraged to put forth effort into who they are, and also be essential members of their communities through service.
Class 6
This document provides guidance on using pronouns and presents examples of the object pronouns "me" and "myself" and subject pronouns "I" and "me". It explains that "me" is an object pronoun that refers to the recipient of an action, while "myself" is a reflexive pronoun used with the subject "I", not in place of "me". It also discusses when to use "I" versus "me" in sentences with multiple subjects. The document includes an agenda for an EWRT 1A class that covers essay reviews, group work on analyzing comparisons in writing, and an in-class writing exercise on similes, verb tenses, and integrating quotations.
Figurative language
The document defines and provides examples of various figurative language devices including alliteration, allusion, apostrophe, euphemism, hyperbole, verbal irony, dramatic irony, situational irony, litotes, metaphor, onomatopoeia, oxymoron, paradox, personification, pun, simile, and symbol. It explains what each device is and gives a brief example of its use.
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The document provides instructions for requesting writing assistance from HelpWriting.net. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with a password and email, 2) Complete a 10-minute order form providing instructions, sources, and deadline, 3) Review bids from writers and choose one based on qualifications, 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment, 5) Request revisions until satisfied. It emphasizes original, high-quality work and refunds for plagiarism.
3 Linguistic features
This document discusses various linguistic features used in stylistic analysis. It describes four main types of stylistics: general stylistics, literary stylistics, stylo-stylistics, and phono-stylistics. General stylistics deals with non-dialectical language variations based on context, field, mode, and style of discourse. Literary stylistics examines language variations between individual writers. Stylo-stylistics uses computers to analyze statistical patterns in texts. Phono-stylistics studies the aesthetic functions of sound. Additional linguistic features discussed include diction, sentence structure, parallelism, parenthetical expressions, and passive voice.
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The poem "The Charge of the Light Brigade" by Alfred, Lord Tennyson describes the Battle of Balaclava during the Crimean War in 1854. It tells of the Light Brigade, a unit of British cavalry, who misinterpreted orders and made a fatal charge into heavy Russian artillery fire, being attacked from three sides. Though most were killed or wounded, Tennyson ends the poem honoring the brigade for their bravery and sacrifice, saying "Honor the charge they made, honor the Light Brigade, noble six hundred."
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The document provides instructions for using the HelpWriting.net website to request writing assistance. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account; 2) Complete an order form with instructions and deadline; 3) Review bids from writers and select one; 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment; 5) Request revisions until satisfied. The website offers original, plagiarism-free content and refunds if plagiarized work is provided.
Korean Linguistics 101 handout
This document provides an overview of Korean slang and linguistic concepts for learners of the Korean language. It begins by defining common slang terms used among Korean youth and in schools. It then discusses offensive ethnic and political slurs. The document also examines Konglish, which refers to English words borrowed into Korean that take on new or altered meanings. Examples of Konglish terms are provided relating to food, clothing, business, and more. The document cautions that Konglish can lead to misunderstandings but also reflects Korean creativity. It concludes with survival tips on Korean phonology rules.
Slides socioling
Pidgins are languages that arise for communication between groups that do not share a common language. They have no native speakers and sound like simplified languages. Creoles develop from pidgins and become the native language of children. They are fully developed languages used across different domains. Verbal hygiene refers to attempts to control and standardize language use through prescriptive rules and complaints about changes or uses seen as improper.
How To Write A Topic Sentence For An Informati
The document discusses the implications of consumer location-based services apps. It introduces how location-based services have risen with public access to positioning technologies and are increasingly being used through mobile devices. However, it also notes that LBS create augmented privacy and security concerns due to the collection and sharing of user location data. The document likely analyzes both benefits and risks of LBS apps for consumers.
Class 13 online
This document provides guidance on writing an essay about a memorable personal event. It discusses using quotations from another text to introduce the topic and transitioning to discussing one's own experience. It offers tips on using descriptive details, dialogue, and figurative language like similes and metaphors to engage readers. The document also emphasizes establishing a clear timeline through temporal transitions and verb tenses. Integrating quotations using signal phrases and formatting long quotes is reviewed. Finally, checklist questions are provided to help structure the beginning, middle, and end of the essay draft.
Service Essay
How to Get Your Community Service Essay Crafted | Pro Essay Help. Service essay - College Homework Help and Online Tutoring.. 016 College Essay Service Example Bestessayservices Thumbnail ~ Thatsnotus. Essay writing service | Writing services, Essay writing, Best essay .... Essay Writing Service For Students. SOLUTION: Community Service Essay - Studypool. Custom essay writing service being of great assistance to the students .... PPT - Best essay writing service PowerPoint Presentation, free download .... Essay For Service Learning - Essay Writing Service Reviews theomcarthur.com. Free Essay Service. Free essay writing service. Essay writing service | Writing services, Essay writing, Essay. Hire an essay writer at the 1 essay writing service in the uk. 004 Essay About Service To Others 7094273834 ~ Thatsnotus. Best essay writing service by lewisahmed - Issuu. essay writing service. Essay writing service by Watut1978 - Issuu. Great Essay Writing Service, What are the Characteristics of a Good and .... Calaméo - Affordable Best Essay Writing Service at Your Doorway through .... Essay Writing Service Sample - Admission Essay Writing Service. Top 5 Essay Writing Services: In-Depth Review. 008 Service Learning Essay Example My Community Custom Definition ....
Voice 100916102926-phpapp01
The document discusses various style concerns related to using a personal voice in writing. It states that a personal voice does not require using first person pronouns or being informal, but rather means using natural language. The document provides examples of passages with and without a personal voice. It also discusses using quotations, paraphrasing, and summarizing and the differences between those techniques.
Voice
The document discusses various style and voice concerns in writing, including the appropriate use of first and third person pronouns, formality versus informality, and ensuring one's writing reflects a natural personal voice. It provides examples of passages that effectively or ineffectively demonstrate these qualities. The document also briefly covers topics like quoting, paraphrasing, summarizing information from sources, and using punctuation correctly with quotations.
Literature in Language Teaching
This document provides an overview of literature and its use in language teaching. It begins by outlining the objectives of the presentation, which are to define literature from generic and functional perspectives, describe models for using literature in language teaching, discuss criteria for selecting literary texts, and provide an example evaluation of a grade 5 English textbook. It then introduces literature and provides definitions from various scholars. The main body discusses oral and written literature, their forms and genres. It explains key elements of fiction like setting, characters, plot, conflict, theme, and style. It also defines short stories and novels. The overall document serves to define literature and analyze its components to understand how it can be incorporated into language teaching.
Literary devices
The document defines literary devices as techniques writers use to produce special effects in their writing. It provides examples of 20 common literary devices: allegory, alliteration, allusion, analogy, foreshadowing, imagery, irony, metaphor, mood, onomatopoeia, oxymoron, synecdoche, tone, epithet, simile, personification, apostrophe, metonymy, hyperbole, and climax. The document encourages understanding literary devices as it improves writing and helps comprehend others' works. It then prompts identifying the literary devices in 20 example sentences.
Lesson-8-Fallacies-Hand-outs.pdf
This document discusses 14 common logical fallacies:
1. Ad hominem - Attacking the person making the argument instead of the argument itself.
2. Ad baculum - Using threats or force to support an argument.
3. Ad misercordiam - Using emotion like pity to persuade rather than reason.
4-7. Additional fallacies like appeals to popularity, tradition, ignorance, and circular reasoning.
8. Hasty generalization - Making broad claims without sufficient evidence.
9. Post hoc fallacy - Assuming cause and effect without evidence of a relationship.
10-11. Composition and division fallacies - Inferring something is true of a whole because
Colossians 1 commentary
Paul wrote this epistle from prison in Rome where he had plenty of time as he awaited his trial. Daille wrote, "The imprisonment of St. Paul has done the church more good than the prosperity of the rest of the faithful of that age." This letter was written the same time as the letter to the Ephesians and Philemon, and they all seem to be delivered by the same messengers, Tychicus and Onesimus who was returning to his master, Philemon, who lived in Colosse.
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Homonym & polysemy
- 1. HOMONYM & POLYSEMY By GroupII Eka Hardiyanti Bugis Siti Muslimah
- 2. WHAT IS HOMONYM? Derived from the word homo means the same and nym means name Words having the same spelling and pronunciation, but with two or more meanings
- 3. WHAT IS POLYSEMY? POLYSEMY POLY SEMY MANY MEANING The same word which has many RELATED meaning
- 4. Example Of Homonym Arm: 1. The portion of the upper human appendage, from the shoulder to the wrist and sometimes including the hand. “She stood with her right arm extended and her palm forward to indicate “Stop!”. 2. A long, narrow, more or less rigid part of an object extending from the main part or centre of the object, such as the arm of an armchair, a crane, a pair of spectacles or a pair of compasses. “The robot arm reached out and placed the part on the assembly line”. 3. A branch of an organization. “The cavalry arm of the military service”. 4. A bay or inlet off a main body of water. “Shelburne Bay is an arm of Lake Champlain”.
- 5. Example Of Homonym Flat: 1. Having no variations in height. “The land around here is flat”. 2. Uninteresting. “The party was a bit flat”. 3. Absolute. “His claim was in flat contradiction to experimental results”. “I'm not going to the party and that's flat”. 4. (Music, note) Lowered by one semitone.
- 6. Example Of Homonym The word down in sentence (a) and the word down in sentence (b). These are two words that happen to share sound and spelling. There is no relation between them: a. Sarah climbed down the ladder. b. Sarah bought a down blanket. The word bark in sentence (a) and the word Bark in sentence (b). a. My dog would always bark at mailmen. b. The tree's bark was a rusty brown.
- 7. Example Of Polysemy • The word Newspaper in the following sentences. The object that got wet cannot fire people, and the company didn't get wet. Still, it's obvious that the same word is used to refer to them both. a. The newspaper got wet in the rain. b. The newspaper red some of its editing staf. • The word Good in the following two examples. In one case it's a moral judgement, in the other case it's a judgement of skill. a. John was a good man. He donated a lot of money to charity. b. Bill was a good painter. His drawings always were exciting to look at.
- 8. Example Of Polysemy • Book a. A bound collection of pages. b. A text reproduced and distributed (thus, someone who has read the same text on a computer has read the same book as someone who had the actual paper volume). c. To make an action or event a matter of record (e.g. "Unable to book a hotel room, a man sneaked into a nearby private residence where police arrested him and later booked him for unlawful entry.") • Milk The verb milk (e.g. "he's milking it for all he can get") derives from the process of obtaining milk.
- 9. Difference Of Homonym & Polysemy Meanings that exist in polysemy although different but can be traced etymologically and semantically, that the meanings that they have a relationship. For example: the word boyfriend "henna" and said girlfriend "lover".
- 10. Difference Of Homonym & Polysemy Meanings in two forms homonym has no relationship at all. For example: "head" on the letter head shape and meaning "head" at the head of the needle can trace lexical meaning of the word comes from the head.