International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Effect of variation of compression ratio and injection pressure on performanc...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Compression Ignition (CI) engines are widely used for transportation, agriculture, power generation and industrial applications. The conventional fuel for CI engine is petro diesel. Among the countries in the world, India is one of the largest consumers of petro diesel fuel. Indian economy is very much dependant on the consumption of petro diesel. Brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, emissions of CO, HC, CO2, NOx and smoke opacity are the major considerations with the performance and emission characteristics of CI engine. Injection pressure, compression ratio, injection timing, and fuel quality are parameters which affect the engine performance and emissions. For optimizing the consumption of diesel, use of blends of alternative fuels with diesel has been promoted and study of engine parameters with the use of these fuels have been presented by many researchers across the world.
In this review paper, effect of variation of compression ratio and injection pressure on the performance and emission characteristics of CI engine using different alternative fuels has been studied and compared with the diesel fuel. Alternative fuels under study were ethanol, methanol, Jatropha Methyl Ester, Mahua Methyl Ester and Pangomia Methyl Ester in 20% blending with diesel fuel. In this study, compression ratios 16.5, 17.5, 18.5 and injection pressures 200, 225, 250 bar have been considered for review. Review reveals that performance characteristics have been improved for all test fuels with increasing compression ratio and injection pressure at full load conditions. On the other hand emission characteristics of engines have been affected as NOx increase and HC and CO decrease with increase in compression ratio and injection pressure for all test fuels.
Keywords: injection pressure; compression ratio; alternative fuels; emission.
The use ofbiodiesel inconventional diesel engines resultsinsubstantialreductionof unburnedhydrocarbon,carbon
monoxideand particulatematters. The performance, emission and characteristics of a single cylinder four stroke
variable compression ratio multi fuel engine when fueled with mustard oil methyl ester and its 10%, 20%, and
blends with diesel (on a volume basis) are investigated and compared with standard diesel. Bio diesel
produced from mustard oil by transesterificationprocess has been used in this study. Experiment has been
conducted a compressionratios of 14:1, 16:1and 18:1 The impact of compression ratio on fuel consumption, and
exhaust gas emissions has been investigated and presented. Optimum compression ratio which gives best
performance has been identified. The blends when used as fuel results in reduction of carbon monoxide,
hydrocarbon and nitrogen oxides emissions. It is concluded that mustard oil ester can be used as fuel in diesel
engine by blending it with diesel fuel.
Karanja and Rapeseed Biodiesel: An Experimental Investigation of Performance...Er Sandeep Duran
In this research work the detailed investigation on performance and combustion characteristics of four stroke single cylinder engine with karanja and rapeseed biodiesel and its blends with diesel (in proportions of 20% and 50% by volume) under various load i.e. at no load, 25%, 50% and full load was assessed. At full load KB50 (karanja biodiesel blend) has been recorded lowest rate of pressure rise. KB20 has lowest
recorded BSFC as compared to all others of biodiesel for all loading condition even than diesel. The RB20 (rapeseed biodiesel blend) recorded maximum BMEP at full load. KB20 was recorded with maximum brake thermal efficiency at full load. So on the basis of performance and combustion parameters KB20 appears to be best alternative fuel than other blends of karanja biodiesel and rapeseed
biodiesel even than diesel.
Experimental investigation of ethanol blends with gasoline on SI engineIJERA Editor
Automobile have become a very important part of our modern life style. But the future of automobile based on internal combustion engines has been badly affected by two major problems. That is less availability of fuel and environmental degradation. So it is very important to found some new renewable non polluting alternative fuels to ensure the proper and safe survival of internal combustion engines. In present study we evaluate the performance of two stroke single cylinder spark ignition engine with ratio of 10% 20% and 30% of ethanol and gasoline by volume. Performance parameters (brake thermal efficiency, brake specific energy consumption and brake specific fuel consumption) were determined at various loads on engine with ethanol blended gasoline. The comparison was made on performance of conventional SI engine with pure gasoline operation. As a result, brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption and brake specific fuel consumption showed comparable performance when compared with pure gasoline performances.
Effect of variation of compression ratio and injection pressure on performanc...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Compression Ignition (CI) engines are widely used for transportation, agriculture, power generation and industrial applications. The conventional fuel for CI engine is petro diesel. Among the countries in the world, India is one of the largest consumers of petro diesel fuel. Indian economy is very much dependant on the consumption of petro diesel. Brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, emissions of CO, HC, CO2, NOx and smoke opacity are the major considerations with the performance and emission characteristics of CI engine. Injection pressure, compression ratio, injection timing, and fuel quality are parameters which affect the engine performance and emissions. For optimizing the consumption of diesel, use of blends of alternative fuels with diesel has been promoted and study of engine parameters with the use of these fuels have been presented by many researchers across the world.
In this review paper, effect of variation of compression ratio and injection pressure on the performance and emission characteristics of CI engine using different alternative fuels has been studied and compared with the diesel fuel. Alternative fuels under study were ethanol, methanol, Jatropha Methyl Ester, Mahua Methyl Ester and Pangomia Methyl Ester in 20% blending with diesel fuel. In this study, compression ratios 16.5, 17.5, 18.5 and injection pressures 200, 225, 250 bar have been considered for review. Review reveals that performance characteristics have been improved for all test fuels with increasing compression ratio and injection pressure at full load conditions. On the other hand emission characteristics of engines have been affected as NOx increase and HC and CO decrease with increase in compression ratio and injection pressure for all test fuels.
Keywords: injection pressure; compression ratio; alternative fuels; emission.
The use ofbiodiesel inconventional diesel engines resultsinsubstantialreductionof unburnedhydrocarbon,carbon
monoxideand particulatematters. The performance, emission and characteristics of a single cylinder four stroke
variable compression ratio multi fuel engine when fueled with mustard oil methyl ester and its 10%, 20%, and
blends with diesel (on a volume basis) are investigated and compared with standard diesel. Bio diesel
produced from mustard oil by transesterificationprocess has been used in this study. Experiment has been
conducted a compressionratios of 14:1, 16:1and 18:1 The impact of compression ratio on fuel consumption, and
exhaust gas emissions has been investigated and presented. Optimum compression ratio which gives best
performance has been identified. The blends when used as fuel results in reduction of carbon monoxide,
hydrocarbon and nitrogen oxides emissions. It is concluded that mustard oil ester can be used as fuel in diesel
engine by blending it with diesel fuel.
Karanja and Rapeseed Biodiesel: An Experimental Investigation of Performance...Er Sandeep Duran
In this research work the detailed investigation on performance and combustion characteristics of four stroke single cylinder engine with karanja and rapeseed biodiesel and its blends with diesel (in proportions of 20% and 50% by volume) under various load i.e. at no load, 25%, 50% and full load was assessed. At full load KB50 (karanja biodiesel blend) has been recorded lowest rate of pressure rise. KB20 has lowest
recorded BSFC as compared to all others of biodiesel for all loading condition even than diesel. The RB20 (rapeseed biodiesel blend) recorded maximum BMEP at full load. KB20 was recorded with maximum brake thermal efficiency at full load. So on the basis of performance and combustion parameters KB20 appears to be best alternative fuel than other blends of karanja biodiesel and rapeseed
biodiesel even than diesel.
Experimental investigation of ethanol blends with gasoline on SI engineIJERA Editor
Automobile have become a very important part of our modern life style. But the future of automobile based on internal combustion engines has been badly affected by two major problems. That is less availability of fuel and environmental degradation. So it is very important to found some new renewable non polluting alternative fuels to ensure the proper and safe survival of internal combustion engines. In present study we evaluate the performance of two stroke single cylinder spark ignition engine with ratio of 10% 20% and 30% of ethanol and gasoline by volume. Performance parameters (brake thermal efficiency, brake specific energy consumption and brake specific fuel consumption) were determined at various loads on engine with ethanol blended gasoline. The comparison was made on performance of conventional SI engine with pure gasoline operation. As a result, brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption and brake specific fuel consumption showed comparable performance when compared with pure gasoline performances.
Alcohols are particularly attractive as alternative fuels because they are a renewable resource. Ethanol has been
studied in spark ignition application. However, it is verydifficult to fuel compression ignition engines because of the lowercetane
number, higher latent heat, and otherchemical properties.This paper describes the performance (torque, brake mean effective
pressure, brake horse power, brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption rate) and emission (CO, HC, smoke)
characteristics of ethanol-diesel dual-fuels engine combustion for the homogeneous charge compression ignition engine.
An Experimental Study of Variable Compression Ratio Engine Using Diesel Blend...IJAEMSJORNAL
Increase in the scarcity of the fossil fuels, prices and global warming have generated an interest in developing alternate fuel for engine. Technologies now focusing on development of plant based fuel, plant oils and plant fats as alternative fuel. The present work deals with finding the better compression ratio for the honne oil diesel blend fueled C.I engine at variable load and constant speed operation. In order to find out optimum compression ratio, experiments are carried out on a single cylinder four stroke variable compression ratio diesel engine. Engine performance tests are carried out at different compression ratio values. The optimum compression ratio that gives better engine performance is found from the experimental results. Using experimental data Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model was developed and the values were predicted using ANN. Finally the predicted values were validated with the experimentally.
EFFECT OF INJECTION PRESSURE ON PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS AND COMBUSTION CHARA...IAEME Publication
As a renewable, sustainable and alternative fuel for compression ignition engines, biodiesel instead of diesel has been increasingly fueled to study its effects on engine performances and emissions in the recent 10 years. But these studies have been rarely reviewed to favor understanding and popularization for biodiesel so far in conventional diesel engines. Biodiesels derived from vegetable oils present a very promising alternative for diesel fuel, since they have numerous advantages compared to fossil fuels.
COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS OF TWO STROKE SPARK IGNITION EN...IAEME Publication
Experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of two stroke single cylinder, spark ignition (SI) engine, with alcohol blended gasoline (80% gasoline, 20% methanol, by volume) having copper coated engine [CCE, copper-(thickness, 300 μ) coated on piston crown] and compared with
conventional SI engine (CE) with pure gasoline operation. Performance parameters (brake thermal efficiency, exhaust gas temperature and volumetric efficiency) were determined with different values of brake mean effective pressure of the engine Copper coated engine (CCE) with methanol blended
gasoline considerably improved the performance in comparison with CE with pure gasoline operation. CCE with methanol blended gasoline increased the brake thermal efficiency, decreased the exhaust gas temperature and
increased the volumetric efficiency.
An Experimental Analysis of Performance, Combustion and Emission Characteris...IJMER
The use of biodiesel, the methyl esters of vegetable oils are becoming popular due to their
low environmental impact and potential as a green alternative fuel for diesel engine. With this objective,
the present work has focused on the performance and emission characteristics of diesel engine using
rice bran oil and its blends with diesel. In this investigation, the blends of varying proportions of rice
bran biodiesel with diesel (RB20, RB40, RB60, RB80 & RB100) were prepared, analyzed, and compared
the performance and exhaust emission with diesel using 5.2 kW Single cylinder, 4stroke diesel engine.
The performance and emission characteristics of blends are evaluated at variable loads and constant
rated speed of 1500 rpm and found that the performance of RB20 blend of rice bran oil gives result, that
is near to the diesel and also found that the emission CO, CO2, HC, smoke & NOX of this blend is less
than the diesel.
Welcome to International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
call for paper 2012, hard copy of journal, research paper publishing, where to publish research paper,
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Experimental investigation on performance of single cylinder four stroke spar...eSAT Journals
Abstract
A decent swirl advances the quick burning and enhances the efficiency for engine which is preferably running at low speeds in order to have low mechanical losses and empowering good combustion efficiency. Subsequently to create high turbulence preceding burning inside the cylinder, swirl prompted by the bay channel inside the cylinder head will be useful. The automobile vehicles still satisfying demands for high performance, requires immense efforts to create new engine ideas and deliver less emission. Swirl is used in SI engine to speed up the combustion process in four stroke engines It increases turbulence and accelerates chemical action by intimating mixing of fuel and oxygen there by weak mixtures can be burnt effectively. In Petrol engine, swirl can increase the rate of fuel-air mixing, reducing the combustion duration for re-entrant chambers at retarded injection timings. Swirl interaction with compression induced squish flow increases turbulence levels in the combustion bowl, promoting mixing. In order to achieve the swirl the piston crown of the conventional petrol engine was suitably modified by forming different shaped grooves on it. This facilitates increased intensity of the swirl for proper mixing of air fuel and to examine their effects on the performance of this engine fuelled with petrol and its blends with ethanol. In the present work Experiment was carried out with unmodified and modified piston with different shapes without much changing compression ratio comparative results shows that better combustion in gasoline engine was obtained with single groove hemispherical piston. Brake thermal efficiency increased by 1.39% and Brake specific fuel consumption reduced by 3% for E10P90 blend compared to unmodified piston
This paper describes the CFD analysis and experimental validation for a blend of Ethanol and Diesel in CI Engine. Ethanol is the alcohol found in alcoholic beverages but it also makes an effective motor fuel. Since, ethanol possess low Cetane number it fails to auto ignite. In order to overcome this Diesel is blended with Ethanol. Thus the Diesel will ignite and thus facilitate the Ethanol to start burning. In this work a CFD model was created and the combustion analysis was carried out and the results were validated with experimental data. The Ethanol and Diesel fuels were mixed in different proportions and they were injected to the combustion chamber of a normal diesel engine. A single cylinder PC based VCR Engine was operated with this Ethanol - Diesel blend in different concentrations and at various loads. The experiment was successful and it showed that the Ethanol could be mixed with Diesel and could be injected without any engine modification. The difference between CFD and the experimental results obtained was found within acceptable range.
An Experimental Analysis of Performance, Combustion and Emission Characteris...IJMER
Bio-diesel is one of the most promising alternatives for diesel needs. Use of edible oils may
create shortage of oil for daily food. This required identification of new kinds of non-edible vegetable oil.
With this objective, the present work has focused on the performance, combustion and emission
characteristics of diesel engine using simarouba oil and its blends with diesel. In this investigation, the
blends of varying proportions of simarouba biodiesel with diesel (S20, S40, S60, S80 & S100) were
prepared, analyzed, and compared the performance, combustion and exhaust emission with diesel using
5.2 kW Single cylinder, 4stroke diesel engine. The performance, combustion and emission characteristics
of blends are evaluated at variable loads and constant rated speed of 1500 rpm and found that the
performance of S20 blend of simarouba oil gives result, that is near to the diesel and also found that the
emission CO, HC, & NOX of this blend is less than the diesel.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Alcohols are particularly attractive as alternative fuels because they are a renewable resource. Ethanol has been
studied in spark ignition application. However, it is verydifficult to fuel compression ignition engines because of the lowercetane
number, higher latent heat, and otherchemical properties.This paper describes the performance (torque, brake mean effective
pressure, brake horse power, brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption rate) and emission (CO, HC, smoke)
characteristics of ethanol-diesel dual-fuels engine combustion for the homogeneous charge compression ignition engine.
An Experimental Study of Variable Compression Ratio Engine Using Diesel Blend...IJAEMSJORNAL
Increase in the scarcity of the fossil fuels, prices and global warming have generated an interest in developing alternate fuel for engine. Technologies now focusing on development of plant based fuel, plant oils and plant fats as alternative fuel. The present work deals with finding the better compression ratio for the honne oil diesel blend fueled C.I engine at variable load and constant speed operation. In order to find out optimum compression ratio, experiments are carried out on a single cylinder four stroke variable compression ratio diesel engine. Engine performance tests are carried out at different compression ratio values. The optimum compression ratio that gives better engine performance is found from the experimental results. Using experimental data Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model was developed and the values were predicted using ANN. Finally the predicted values were validated with the experimentally.
EFFECT OF INJECTION PRESSURE ON PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS AND COMBUSTION CHARA...IAEME Publication
As a renewable, sustainable and alternative fuel for compression ignition engines, biodiesel instead of diesel has been increasingly fueled to study its effects on engine performances and emissions in the recent 10 years. But these studies have been rarely reviewed to favor understanding and popularization for biodiesel so far in conventional diesel engines. Biodiesels derived from vegetable oils present a very promising alternative for diesel fuel, since they have numerous advantages compared to fossil fuels.
COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS OF TWO STROKE SPARK IGNITION EN...IAEME Publication
Experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of two stroke single cylinder, spark ignition (SI) engine, with alcohol blended gasoline (80% gasoline, 20% methanol, by volume) having copper coated engine [CCE, copper-(thickness, 300 μ) coated on piston crown] and compared with
conventional SI engine (CE) with pure gasoline operation. Performance parameters (brake thermal efficiency, exhaust gas temperature and volumetric efficiency) were determined with different values of brake mean effective pressure of the engine Copper coated engine (CCE) with methanol blended
gasoline considerably improved the performance in comparison with CE with pure gasoline operation. CCE with methanol blended gasoline increased the brake thermal efficiency, decreased the exhaust gas temperature and
increased the volumetric efficiency.
An Experimental Analysis of Performance, Combustion and Emission Characteris...IJMER
The use of biodiesel, the methyl esters of vegetable oils are becoming popular due to their
low environmental impact and potential as a green alternative fuel for diesel engine. With this objective,
the present work has focused on the performance and emission characteristics of diesel engine using
rice bran oil and its blends with diesel. In this investigation, the blends of varying proportions of rice
bran biodiesel with diesel (RB20, RB40, RB60, RB80 & RB100) were prepared, analyzed, and compared
the performance and exhaust emission with diesel using 5.2 kW Single cylinder, 4stroke diesel engine.
The performance and emission characteristics of blends are evaluated at variable loads and constant
rated speed of 1500 rpm and found that the performance of RB20 blend of rice bran oil gives result, that
is near to the diesel and also found that the emission CO, CO2, HC, smoke & NOX of this blend is less
than the diesel.
Welcome to International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
call for paper 2012, hard copy of journal, research paper publishing, where to publish research paper,
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Experimental investigation on performance of single cylinder four stroke spar...eSAT Journals
Abstract
A decent swirl advances the quick burning and enhances the efficiency for engine which is preferably running at low speeds in order to have low mechanical losses and empowering good combustion efficiency. Subsequently to create high turbulence preceding burning inside the cylinder, swirl prompted by the bay channel inside the cylinder head will be useful. The automobile vehicles still satisfying demands for high performance, requires immense efforts to create new engine ideas and deliver less emission. Swirl is used in SI engine to speed up the combustion process in four stroke engines It increases turbulence and accelerates chemical action by intimating mixing of fuel and oxygen there by weak mixtures can be burnt effectively. In Petrol engine, swirl can increase the rate of fuel-air mixing, reducing the combustion duration for re-entrant chambers at retarded injection timings. Swirl interaction with compression induced squish flow increases turbulence levels in the combustion bowl, promoting mixing. In order to achieve the swirl the piston crown of the conventional petrol engine was suitably modified by forming different shaped grooves on it. This facilitates increased intensity of the swirl for proper mixing of air fuel and to examine their effects on the performance of this engine fuelled with petrol and its blends with ethanol. In the present work Experiment was carried out with unmodified and modified piston with different shapes without much changing compression ratio comparative results shows that better combustion in gasoline engine was obtained with single groove hemispherical piston. Brake thermal efficiency increased by 1.39% and Brake specific fuel consumption reduced by 3% for E10P90 blend compared to unmodified piston
This paper describes the CFD analysis and experimental validation for a blend of Ethanol and Diesel in CI Engine. Ethanol is the alcohol found in alcoholic beverages but it also makes an effective motor fuel. Since, ethanol possess low Cetane number it fails to auto ignite. In order to overcome this Diesel is blended with Ethanol. Thus the Diesel will ignite and thus facilitate the Ethanol to start burning. In this work a CFD model was created and the combustion analysis was carried out and the results were validated with experimental data. The Ethanol and Diesel fuels were mixed in different proportions and they were injected to the combustion chamber of a normal diesel engine. A single cylinder PC based VCR Engine was operated with this Ethanol - Diesel blend in different concentrations and at various loads. The experiment was successful and it showed that the Ethanol could be mixed with Diesel and could be injected without any engine modification. The difference between CFD and the experimental results obtained was found within acceptable range.
An Experimental Analysis of Performance, Combustion and Emission Characteris...IJMER
Bio-diesel is one of the most promising alternatives for diesel needs. Use of edible oils may
create shortage of oil for daily food. This required identification of new kinds of non-edible vegetable oil.
With this objective, the present work has focused on the performance, combustion and emission
characteristics of diesel engine using simarouba oil and its blends with diesel. In this investigation, the
blends of varying proportions of simarouba biodiesel with diesel (S20, S40, S60, S80 & S100) were
prepared, analyzed, and compared the performance, combustion and exhaust emission with diesel using
5.2 kW Single cylinder, 4stroke diesel engine. The performance, combustion and emission characteristics
of blends are evaluated at variable loads and constant rated speed of 1500 rpm and found that the
performance of S20 blend of simarouba oil gives result, that is near to the diesel and also found that the
emission CO, HC, & NOX of this blend is less than the diesel.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
From June to September 2013, Jim Anderson and Alice Ferris of GoalBusters Consulting embarked on a mission to thank someone every day for 100 days. The 100 Days of Gratitude was supposed to be a way to get us to blog more, but instead, it was an inspiring, emotional, touching, frustrating, occasionally dramatic, and, in the end, transforming experience.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Performance & emission characteristics of Two Cylinder Diesel Engine Using D...IJMER
With modernization and increase in the number of automobiles worldwide, the consumption of
diesel and gasoline has enormously increased. As petroleum is non renewable source of energy and the
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Eu36897901
1. S. Kirankumar Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 3, Issue 6, Nov-Dec 2013, pp.897-901
RESEARCH ARTICLE
www.ijera.com
OPEN ACCESS
A Study on Diesel Engine with Palmstearin-Diesel Blends at
Different Injection Pressures
S. Kirankumar
Lecturer, Department of Mechanical Engineering Bule Hora university, Ethiopia
ABSTRACT
Injection pressure plays an important role in the engine performance and emission control of internal
combustion engines. Present work describes the experimental investigations carried on a four stroke single
cylinder water cooled Kirloskar diesel engine with vegetable oil-diesel blends. Palmstearin oil is blended with
diesel in varying proportions like (B10, B15, B20) 10%, 15% and 20% and experiments were carried out by
varying the injection pressures from 165 bar to 210 bar. The performance characteristics like brake thermal
efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption and exhaust gas temperatures are investigated. Based on
investigations, a comparison is drawn on engine performance with pure diesel operation and with different
blends. Experimental results demonstrate that at 195 bar fuel injection pressure, the performance characteristics
are observed to be better with blends when compared to the pure diesel operation. Maximum brake thermal
efficiency observed is 38% with 20% blend at an injection pressure of 195 bar and lower specific fuel
consumption observed is 0.25 kg/kw-hr with 20% blend at an injection pressure of 195bar.
Keywords: injection pressure, palmstearin, brake power, specific fuel consumption, compression ignition.
I.
INTRODUCTION
Fuel injection pressure in diesel engine
plays an important role in engine performance. A
fuel injection system for a diesel engine operating at
retarded fuel injection timing includes a fuel cam
configured to increase fuel injection pressure and
decrease fuel injection duration, thereby improving
fuel atomization and combustion in a plurality of
engine cylinders and improving indicated efficiency
of the engine and reducing exhaust emissions The
present engines such as fuel direct injection, the
pressures can be increased from 100 bar – 200 bar in
fuel pump injection system. When injection pressure
increases fuel particle diameter will become small.
Since formation of mixing of fuel to air becomes
better during ignition period, engine performance
will increase. If injection pressure is too high,
ignition delay period becomes shorter and as a result
combustion efficiency decreases.
A high linolenic linseed oil methyl ester
has been investigated 1 in a constant speed, DI diesel
engine with varied fuel injection pressures (200, 220
and 240 bar).They
investigated the effect of
injection pressures on performance, emissions and
combustion characteristics of the engine. The test
results show that the optimum fuel injection pressure
is 240 bar with linseed methyl ester. At this
optimized within limited of BIS standard.
Operational efficiency of diesel pump set for various
blends of bio-diesel were found nearer to the
expected efficiency of 20 percent. Bio-diesel can be
used as an alternate and non-conventional fuel to run
all type of C.I. engine.
The effect of Fuel Injection Pressure on
www.ijera.com
Performance of Direct Injection Diesel Engines
4
,shows the fixed load-variation speeds and fixed
speed-variation loads have been given that the higher
engine speed (rpm) given higher engine power. The
increase in
injection pressure is inline with
increasing power. The fuel consumptions experiment
result for fixed load-variation speeds and fixed
speed-variation loads have been given that
increasing injection pressure gives increased fuel
consumption for the diesel engine.
Adding any inert gas as diluent to the inlet
air reduces oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions 5. In
this study, carbon dioxide (CO2) was used as diluent
and introduced to the intake manifold of a diesel
engine at a ratio of 2%, 4% and 6% respectively. The
investigation was conducted on a four stroke, fourcylinder, indirect injection (IDI), turbocharged diesel
engine and was concerned with the effect of using
diluting CO2 in the intake manifold and injection
pressure on engine torque, power, brake mean
effective pressure, specific fuel consumption, carbon
monoxide, smoke and NOx emissions. The tests
have demonstrated that NOx is reduced by the
introduction of CO2 in the inlet charge. The results
are given in the graph.
The performance of a diesel engine using
biodiesel from refined palm oil stearin6 obtained the
following results. Biodiesel from refined palm oil
stearin is a promising alternative for using in diesel
engines. It is easier for delivering and storage than
diesel oil, because of its higher flash point. The
biodiesel from refined palm oil stearin has the lowest
operating temperature at 15 °C or it may clog at a
pipe. The 10%blended biodiesel from refined palm
897 | P a g e
2. S. Kirankumar Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 3, Issue 6, Nov-Dec 2013, pp.897-901
www.ijera.com
established that 40–50% of jatropha oil can be
substituted for diesel without any engine
modification and preheating of the blends.
II.
EXPERIMENTAL WORK
The engine used was a four stroke, single
cylinder, water cooled Kirlosker diesel engine. It is
provided with accessories for the measurement of
load, fuel consumption, exhaust gas temperature and
volume of air inducted. The specifications of the
engine are given below.
Rated power
:
5 HP
Speed
:
1500 r.p.m
Bore
:
80mm
Stroke
:
110mm
Starting
:
Cranking
Method of ignition:
Compression ignition
Engine is loaded mechanically with rope
brake dynamometer and speed is kept constant at
1500 rpm. By varying the injection pressure from
165 bar to 210 bar tests are conducted at 3kg, 6kg,
9kg and 12kg loads to study the effect of injection
pressure on various parameters like brake thermal
efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption and
exhaust gas temperatures at the above operating
conditions with pure diesel operation and blending
the palmstearin with different proportions like
10%,15% and 20%.
III.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The results obtained from the tests
conducted on four stroke single cylinder water
cooled diesel engine with palmstearin-diesel blends
are presented and discussed. Figures 1-4 show the
variation of brake thermal efficiency with injection
pressure, with increase in injection pressure, brake
thermal efficiency increases for 10% and 15% and
20% blends.
35
30
25
BTE (%)
oil stearin can be used in high-speed diesel engine
since the viscosity and pour point are in the standard
limit for high-speed diesel.
Performance Evaluation of DI and IDI
engines with Jatropha oil based biodiesel 7 concluded
that transesterification reduces the viscosity by
about 88% and density by 4.34%. BSEC values are
little higher with biodiesel compared to diesel fuel
operation under NA condition. DI engine operation
with biodiesel under supercharged condition brings
the performance very close to diesel fuel operation.
Gummy deposits on important engine components
are reduced with biodiesel operation. 50/50 blend of
biodiesel and diesel leads to lower BSFCs when
compared to 100% biodiesel operation under NA
condition. IDI engine operation with biodiesel not
only improves the performance but also
tremendously reduces the gummy deposits. DI
engine exhibits superior BSFC performance
compared to IDI engine. Lower pollution levels are
achieved in IDI engine with biodiesel and IDI engine
operation with biodiesel can be regarded as ecofriendly performance.
In present diesel engines such as common
rail engine injection, the pressures can be increased
about 150–200 bar 8. The effects of injection
pressure on engine performance and exhaust
emissions have been investigated. Experiments have
been performed on a turbocharger diesel engine with
4-cylinder, 4-stroke, indirect injection. Emissions
and engine performance values such as torque,
power, break main effective pressure, specific fuel
consumption, and fuel flow have been measured
both full and part loads by changing injection
pressure from 100 to 250 bar and for different
throttle positions. According to results, maximum
performance has been obtained at 150 bar. In
addition, high injection pressure for O2, SO2 , and
CO2, low injection pressure for NOx, and smoke
level must be preferred for decreasing emissions.
Results have been given as graphics.
The high viscosity of the jatropha curcas oil
which has been considered as a potential alternative
fuel for the compression ignition (C.I.) engine was
decreased by blending with diesel 9. The blends of
varying proportions of jatropha curcas oil and diesel
were prepared, analyzed and compared with diesel
fuel. The effect of temperature on the viscosity of
biodiesel and jatropha oil was also studied. The
performance of the engine using blends and jatropha
oil was evaluated in a single cylinder C.I. engine and
compared with the performance obtained with diesel.
Significant improvement in engine performance was
observed compared to vegetable oil alone. The
specific fuel consumption and the exhaust gas
temperature were reduced due to decrease in
viscosity of the vegetable oil. Acceptable thermal
efficiencies of the engine were obtained with blends
containing up to 50% volume of jatropha oil. From
the properties and engine test results it has been
www.ijera.com
3kg
20
6kg
15
9kg
10
12kg
5
0
165
180
195
210
injection pressure (bar)
Fig 1. variation of BTE with Injection
Pressure (100% diesel)
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3. S. Kirankumar Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 3, Issue 6, Nov-Dec 2013, pp.897-901
Fig 2. Variation of BTE with Injection pressure
(B10)
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Fig 5. Variation of BSFC with Injection
Pressure(pure diesel)
Fig6. Variation of BSFC with Injection Pressure
(B10)
Fig 3. Variation of BTE with Injection Pressure
(B15)
Fig4. Variation of BTE with Injection Pressure
(B20)
Fig 7. Variation of BSFC with Injection Pressure
(B15)
Figures 5-8 show the variation of specific
fuel consumption with injection pressure. 10% and
15% blends show the similar trends as pure diesel
but for 20% blend it is observed to be better
Fig 8. Variation of BSFC with Injection
Pressure(B20)
www.ijera.com
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4. Fig. 9 to Fig. 12 show the variation of
exhaust gas temperature with injection pressure, it
increases up to 195 bar after that there is a fall in
exhaust gas temperature at 210 bar.The reason for
the variation in performance is at lower injection
pressures the drop let size of the spray is more, but
the area exposed is less. Due to higher momentum
penetration of droplet is more. But due to less area of
the spray the utilization of air is not up to
considerable extent. At higher injection pressures
droplet size is less and area exposed is more. Due to
small size of droplet, penetration is less. Hence, in
this case also air utilization is not proper. At
optimum injection pressure, the spray utilizes the air
to a better extent resulting in higher efficiencies. The
exhaust gas temperature graphs indicate that, the
temperature is higher at optimum injection pressure
in almost all the cases. This may be due to better
utilization of air at optimum injection pressure,
leading to improvement in combustion efficiency.
Fig 9. Variation of T exg with Injection
pressure(pure diesel)
exhaust gas temperature (deg C)
S. Kirankumar Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 3, Issue 6, Nov-Dec 2013, pp.897-901
www.ijera.com
300
250
200
3kg
6kg
150
9kg
12kg
100
50
0
165
180
195
210
injection pressure (bar)
Fig 12. Variation of Texg with Injection
Pressure(B20)
IV.
CONCLUSIONS
In this present work investigations on a
single cylinder four stroke water cooled diesel
engine with Palmstearin oil-Diesel blends (B10,
B15, and B 20) at different fuel injection pressures
165 bar, 180 bar, 195 bar and 210 bar, the
performance characteristics like brake thermal
efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption and
exhaust gas temperatures are investigated. It is
concluded that at 195 bar fuel injection pressure, the
performance characteristics are observed to be better.
Maximum brake thermal efficiency observed is 47%
with 20% blend at an injection pressure of 195bar.
Lower specific fuel consumption (0.2 kg/kw-hr) is
observed with 20% blend at an injection pressure of
195bar. Palmstearin can be substituted for diesel
blending in small proportions with diesel without
any modifications.
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[1].
[2].
exhaust gas temperature (deg C)
Fig 10. Variation of Texg with Injection
Pressure(B10)
300
[3].
250
200
3kg
6kg
150
9kg
12kg
100
[4].
50
0
165
180
195
210
injection pressure (bar)
Fig 11. Variation of T exg with Injection
Pressure(B15)
www.ijera.com
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ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 3, Issue 6, Nov-Dec 2013, pp.897-901
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