Insular fauna is the fauna situated on an island. There are different types of islands and they are different from each other because of their age and there way of emergence. There are Continental Islands, Oceanic islands and ancient islands.
Palaerarctic region.the zoogeographical separation and distribution of animal...Anand P P
zoogeography mean that simply state that distribution of animals on the basics of geography.several zoogeography area present.palaearctic region have a special type of organisms distribution
Ethoipian Region
Distribution of animals
Common Names
Scientific Names
Habitat
Feeding Habits
General Characteristics
Represented Images
Geographical region
Insular (isolated) fauna is the animal biodiversity of islands. This is a brief outline of the fauna of several islands, spread throughout the world, and divided into three categories: continental islands, oceanic islands, and ancient islands.
Introduction
Ostracoderms (shell-skinned) are of several groups of extinct, primitive, jawless fishes that were covered in an armour of bony plates.
They appeared in the Cambrian, about 510 million years ago, and became extinct towards the end of the Devonian, about 377 million years ago. They were quite abundant during the upper Silurian and Devonian periods. Most of fossils of Ostracodermi were preserved in the bottom sediments of freshwater streams.
However, the opinion is sharply divided as to whether their habitat was freshwater or marine.
The first fossil fishes that were discovered were ostracoderms.
The Swiss anatomist Louis Agassiz received some fossils of bony armored fish from Scotland in the 1830s.
The ostracoderms resembled the present day cyclostomes (lampreys and hagfishes) in many respects and together with them constitute a special group of jawless vertebrates, the Agnatha.
Characteristics: They use gills exclusively for respiration but not for feeding . Earlier chordates with gills used them for both respiration and feeding. Ostracoderms had separate pharyngeal gill pouches along the side of the head, which were permanently open with no protective operculum. mostly small to medium-sized fishes, protected by a heavy, bony dermal (derived from skin) armor. bottom-dwellers; filter-feeders or grazers. no paired fins, but many with stabilizing paired flaps on either side of head.
(1) Ostracoderms were the first vertebrates.
(2) They were popularly called armoured fishes.
(4) They lived in freshwater.
(5) They were bottom dwellers.
(6) Their body was fish-like and did not exceed 30 cm in size.
(7) Paired fins were absent.
(8) Median and caudal fins were present.
(9) The caudal fin was of heterocercal type.
(10) The head and thorax were covered by heavy armour of bones. It protected ostracoderms from the giant scorpion like arthropods, eurypterids.
(11) Bony skull was well developed.
(12) Mouth was mostly present on the ventral side.
(13) They were having large number of gill slits.
(14) The nervous system had 10 pairs of cranial nerves.
(15) The head had a pair of lateral eyes, and a median pineal eye.
(16) They were filter feeders, feeding like a vacuum cleaner.
(17) The endoskeleton was either bony or cartilaginous.
A zoogeographical region/realm is a sub-division of the Earth having a unique fauna, i.e. species that are found only in that area. Alfred Russel Wallace introduced six zoogeographical realms: Palearctic, Ethiopian, Oriental, Australian, Neotropical, and Nearctic regions. This is a brief overview of each.
Insular fauna is the fauna situated on an island. There are different types of islands and they are different from each other because of their age and there way of emergence. There are Continental Islands, Oceanic islands and ancient islands.
Palaerarctic region.the zoogeographical separation and distribution of animal...Anand P P
zoogeography mean that simply state that distribution of animals on the basics of geography.several zoogeography area present.palaearctic region have a special type of organisms distribution
Ethoipian Region
Distribution of animals
Common Names
Scientific Names
Habitat
Feeding Habits
General Characteristics
Represented Images
Geographical region
Insular (isolated) fauna is the animal biodiversity of islands. This is a brief outline of the fauna of several islands, spread throughout the world, and divided into three categories: continental islands, oceanic islands, and ancient islands.
Introduction
Ostracoderms (shell-skinned) are of several groups of extinct, primitive, jawless fishes that were covered in an armour of bony plates.
They appeared in the Cambrian, about 510 million years ago, and became extinct towards the end of the Devonian, about 377 million years ago. They were quite abundant during the upper Silurian and Devonian periods. Most of fossils of Ostracodermi were preserved in the bottom sediments of freshwater streams.
However, the opinion is sharply divided as to whether their habitat was freshwater or marine.
The first fossil fishes that were discovered were ostracoderms.
The Swiss anatomist Louis Agassiz received some fossils of bony armored fish from Scotland in the 1830s.
The ostracoderms resembled the present day cyclostomes (lampreys and hagfishes) in many respects and together with them constitute a special group of jawless vertebrates, the Agnatha.
Characteristics: They use gills exclusively for respiration but not for feeding . Earlier chordates with gills used them for both respiration and feeding. Ostracoderms had separate pharyngeal gill pouches along the side of the head, which were permanently open with no protective operculum. mostly small to medium-sized fishes, protected by a heavy, bony dermal (derived from skin) armor. bottom-dwellers; filter-feeders or grazers. no paired fins, but many with stabilizing paired flaps on either side of head.
(1) Ostracoderms were the first vertebrates.
(2) They were popularly called armoured fishes.
(4) They lived in freshwater.
(5) They were bottom dwellers.
(6) Their body was fish-like and did not exceed 30 cm in size.
(7) Paired fins were absent.
(8) Median and caudal fins were present.
(9) The caudal fin was of heterocercal type.
(10) The head and thorax were covered by heavy armour of bones. It protected ostracoderms from the giant scorpion like arthropods, eurypterids.
(11) Bony skull was well developed.
(12) Mouth was mostly present on the ventral side.
(13) They were having large number of gill slits.
(14) The nervous system had 10 pairs of cranial nerves.
(15) The head had a pair of lateral eyes, and a median pineal eye.
(16) They were filter feeders, feeding like a vacuum cleaner.
(17) The endoskeleton was either bony or cartilaginous.
A zoogeographical region/realm is a sub-division of the Earth having a unique fauna, i.e. species that are found only in that area. Alfred Russel Wallace introduced six zoogeographical realms: Palearctic, Ethiopian, Oriental, Australian, Neotropical, and Nearctic regions. This is a brief overview of each.
Tabulador agua potable y alcantarillado 2013 por regionesgetzahel gonzalez
para la verificacion de agua potable sus precios unitarios, por region de la zona de chiapas. esperado que le sirva de gran ayuda mas despues subire el catalogo de regiones de las localidades en las que se encuentran. gracias
Endangered Species : Power Point Presentationaiswaryab916
THIS GIVES AN ACCOUNT ABOUT THE ENDANGERED SPECIES. THE ACCOUNTS ABOUT THE TYPES OF SPECIES ARE GIVEN . ITS WITH GREAT EFFORT THAT WE MADE THIS AND HOPE WILL HELP ALL
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
6. Has big rivers, Tropical evergreen forests, mountains and grassy plains like neotropical region but does not reach far into the southern temperate zone.
9. Mammals Most varied with 38 fam. excluding bats In no. of unique fam. it rank second to Neotropical Apart from Twelve exclusive fam. , rest of families shared with either palearctic or oriental region
10. Mammals- widely distributed Shrews With a wide distribution:- Shrews Cricetid mice Murid mice Dogs Mustelids Badgers, Otters etc. Cats Bovids(hollow-horned ruminants) Mostly antelopes, Cape buffaloes etc. Badger (Mustelid) Cape Buffaloes
11. Mammals- Palearctic & Oriental Fam. Fam. Shared with both palearctic and Oriental Regions Hedgehogs Porcupines Civets Hyenas Pigs Hyenas Hedgehog Porcupines African Civet
12. Mammals-Palearctic fam. Fam. Shared with Palearctic Dormice Jerboas (Dipodidae) Coneys (e.g. Hyrax called asDassie in S. Africa) Wild Horses Jerboas Dormice Rock Hyrax
13. Mammals- Difference with Palearctic Palearctic fam. not represented in Ethiopian region Moles Beavers Bears Camels (camels seen in Africa are domesticated) Eurasian Mole Eurasian Beaver
14. Mammals- Oriental Fam. 8 families- 3 primates and two large ungulates Pangolins or scaly anteaters, only genus shared by both regions, but all other shared fam. are different at generic level in the two regions. Scaly Anteater
15. Mammals- Oriental Fam. Loxodonta, the African Elephant Huge ears and long tusks Elephas, the Indian Elephant, a smaller animal
16. Mammals- Oriental Fam. African Black Rhino Sumatran Rhino African White Rhino Two oriental genera, one of which two-horned Indian Rhinoceros, Rhinoceros unicornis1 Javan Rhinoceros, Rhinoceros sondaicus1 Sumatran Rhinoceros, Dicerorhinussumatrensis2 White and black African Rhinoceros each with two nasal horns (2)
17. Lorisidae- Slender lorises in Oriental Mammals- Oriental Fam. Pottos Galagos Slender lorises Primate-Pottos (Tailless ape) Galagos (Bush babies, Nagapies, Little night monkeys) lives in Africa
18. Mammals- Oriental Fam. Drill Baboons Hanuman Langur Mangabeys Geladas Guenons Golden Langur Old World Monkeys- More diverse and varied Macaques, drills, baboons, mangabeys, guenons and geladas Less divers- small no. of oriental langurs
19. Mammals- Oriental Fam. Gorilla Orangutan Gibbon Chimpanzee Apes- Gorilla, Chimpanzee in Western and Central Africa Apes- Orangutan and Gibbon in Oriental region
20. Mammals No mammal fam. exclusively in common with either nearctic or neotropical Herds of large herbivorous animals on open plains, zebras, loping giraffes, leaping and springing antelopes, rhinoceros, elephants along with lions and other members of the cat family are commonly seen
21. Mammals- Exclusive Fam. 12 unique fam. Giraffe Hippopotamuses and aardvarks 3 fam. of insectivores 6 fam. Of rodents (interesting comparison with neotropical whose rodents are also diverse and restricted).
23. Mammals- Exclusive fam. Amphibious hippopotamus fam. 2 genera Choeropsisliberiensis or Hexaprotodonliberiensis(Pygmy Hippopotamus) Hippopotamus amphibius
24. Mammals- Exclusive fam. Aardvarks- *Order Tubulidentata – only 1 genus (Cape anteater- size of a small pig with a highly curved back, long snout and long tongue, on the four digits of its front feet and the five of its hind there are sharp hoofs for digging through termites nests) *Exclusive Order Aardvark
25. Mammals- Exclusive fam. Endemic insectivores Otter shrews Golden moles Elephant shrews Elephant shrews Golden Mole Otter Shrews
26. Mammals- Exclusive fam. Endemic rodents Anomaluridae (anomalures or scaly-tailed flying squirrels) Three genera: Anomalurus(Scaly-tailed Flying Squirrels), Idiurus(Flying Mice), Zenkerella(Cameroon Scaly-tail or Flightless Scaly-tailed Squirrel) some are squirrel like but others are more like mice some are gliders like, the gliding Idiurusand the african flying squirrel, Anomalurusbut some are not. Idiurus Anomalurus Zenkerella
27. Mammals- Exclusive fam. Endemic rodents Fam. Pedetidae Pedetescapensis <Spring Haas /Spring Hare (the sole representative)> Pedestes(Spring Haas)
28. Mammals- Exclusive fam. Cave Rat Other Endemic rodents Cave rats and Rock rats (affinities with old world procupines) Gundis and Blesmols(Mole Rats) Rock Rat Gundis Blesmol Naked Mole Rat Blesmol (Mole Rat)
29. Mammals- Overview Diverse mixture of widely distributed fam. Fam. shared with oriental regions Exclusive fam. A few fam. with other relationships Oriental Relationships are relatively stronger than shown for many Ethiopian genera and even some species of mammals also occur in Oriental Region or have some close relatives there
31. Birds Numerous having strong affinities with Oriental Region 67 fam., 53 occur all or much of the world Six exclusive fam. Three – honey guides, broad bills and bulbuls shared only or mainly with oriental region Five –crab plover, sand grouse, hoopoes, a doubtful bombycillid and a doubtful honey eaters have special or doubtful relationship
32. Birds- common Cuckoos Woodpeckers Hornbills Sunbirds Orioles Many birds of prey Few pigeons, parrots and pheasants Wood pecker Hornbill Red crested sun bird Oriole
34. Birds- Old world fam. Bustards Rollers Bee eaters O.world flycatchers Warblers Weaver birds Starlings Kori Bustard Roller Starlings Warblers Weaver Bird Bee eater Blue Fly catcher
35. Birds- Tropical/ Old world tropical fam. Trogons Hornbills Barbets Honey guides Pittas Bulbuls Sunbirds Barbet Trogon Honeyguide Pitta
36. Birds- Exclusive Ostriches Secretary birds Ostrich is the only member of a unique order, doubtfully related to other large flightless birds in other parts of the southern hemisphere Secretary Birds Ostriches
43. Reptiles - Lizards Exclusive fam.- Cordylidae or spinytailed lizards or girdle-tailed lizards Spiny-tailed Lizard
44. Reptiles - Lizards Chameleon fam – nearly exclusive, only 4 of 50 sp. found outside Africa and only one lizard lives as far as India. A few agamid (Agama sp.) and lacertid (wall lizard/ True Lizard) lizards No Iguanids Agama Chameleon
45. Reptiles Crocodiles and turtles abound Pelmedusid turtle- side necks (Neotropical) (Pelomedusaand Pelusios) Trionychids Testudinine land tortoises An emydine in northwestern Africa Pelomedusa Pelusios
47. Amphibians Less distinctive Widespread frogs and toads Pipid fam. represented by Xenopus, the African clawed toad or Platanna (like neotrop relative aquatic) Hylid tree frogs absent Polypedatids tree frog present No tailed amphibians Xenopus
50. Fishes - Endemic Mormyrids Characin From their electric organs in their tails, the mormyrids generate an electric field and they are made aware of prey in their muddy pools when this field is distorted. Not related to electric eels of Amazon A fam. Shared by Ethiopian and Neotropical Mormyrids Characins
51. Fishes - Endemic Lung fish Protopterus Related to Neotropical Lung fish Lepidosiren Protopterus
53. Overview Most varied fauna of all region In no of endemic fam. Second to neotropical region In fish, amphibia, reptiles it resembles both neotropical and oriental region In mammals and birds has strong affinity with oriental region. Similarities with both neotropical and oriental regions because all three have a tropical climate Stronger similarities with oriental because its similarities are much more stronger with the tropics of the old world than those of the new world
54. Overview As a whole, vertebrate fauna is most like the Oriental one the two are roughly similar in size and in composition they share many fam., v. many genera and some sp. Parts of the fauna have close relationships with Palearctic principally by northward extension of tropical groups including many migratory birds and certain fam., genera and species of other vertebrates
55. Overview Some parts of fuana more distantly related to Neotropical region Include several imp grps of fishes, certain amphibians and reptiles but v few birds and mammals Hardly any direct relationships b/w Ethiopian and Australian region b/w Ethiopian and Nearctic region.
56. Overview Fauna is richest and most varied in more tropical areas. A strong general reduction of fauna northward into Sahara and less strong reduction and some differentiation southward into South Africa. Some differentiation of a west African wet forest and an east African open forest and steppe fauna, although the two overlap and mix complexly. These general differences led Wallace to divide the region into 3 subregions: West Africa, East Africa and South Africa
Editor's Notes
Cricetid mice- (Cricetidae)- A large and very successful family that comprises the hamsters, voles, lemmings, gerbils, and the New World rats and mice. Murid mice-(Muridae) Muridae (order Rodentia, suborder Myomorpha) A family of Old World rats and mice that are perhaps the most successful of all mammalian families.Mustelids (Family Mustelidae) is a diverse group of carnivores that includes skunks, martens, badgers, otters, and minks. Various members of this family inhabit terrestrial, arboreal, semiaquatic, or aquatic habitats. The are distributed throughout North and South America, Europe, Asia, and Africa.
Coneys- any of several small ungulate mammals of Africa and Asia with rodent-like incisors and feet with hooflike toes
the dromedary or Arabian camel has a single hump, and the Bactrian camel has two humps, They are native to the dry desert areas of West Asia, and Central and East Asia, respectively. The term camel is also used more broadly to describe any of the six camel-like creatures in the family Camelidae: the two true camels, and the four South Americancamelids, the llama, alpaca, guanaco and vicuña. Fossil evidence indicates that the ancestors of modern camels evolved in North America during the Palaeogene period, and later spread to most parts of Asia. Humans first domesticated camels before 2000 BC. The almost 14 million dromedaries alive today are domesticated animals (mostly living in Somalia, the Sahel, Maghreb, Middle East and Indian subcontinent). The Bactrian camel is now reduced to an estimated 1.4 million animals, mostly domesticated. It is thought that there are about 1000 wild Bactrian camels in the Gobi Desert in China and Mongolia.[There is a substantial feral population of dromedaries estimated[4] at up to 1,000,000 in central parts of Australia, descended from individuals introduced as transport animals in the 19th century and early 20th century.
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