Sometimes it can be difficult to identify when you're facing an ethical dilemma in your work with volunteers. Using volunteer management scenarios and a conversational format, this webinar will cover some of the dilemmas you face when you engage and manage volunteers and provide ideas on how to resolve these situations effectively and ethically.
Creating a Culture of Volunteer EngagementVolunteerMatch
It's important to create a culture of inclusion and engagement of volunteers within your organization. But, it can be hard to recognize what your current culture says to volunteers, or identify how to make changes to help volunteers feel more welcome. This webinar will help you identify how your organization's current culture is shaping or limiting what volunteers do, and provide steps you can take to start to create more understanding, respect, and appreciation for engaging volunteers.
From the Inside Out: Creating a Culture of Volunteer EngagementVolunteerMatch
Are the things you value and believe about volunteers reflected in your organization’s culture? Too often volunteers are thought of as a “nice to have” rather than a critical component to success. If there’s a lack of understanding of the real value volunteers bring to your organization, or if you want to consciously develop a culture that welcomes volunteers this workshop will help you work within your organization to create real inclusion and understanding of the work volunteers do.
How people want to spend their volunteer time is changing. What volunteers are looking for today, and will be looking for tomorrow, is different from what volunteers wanted just a few years ago. Whether you're looking to invite volunteers into your organization or send employees out into the community as volunteers this session can help. 2015 VolunteerMatch Summit attendees learned how to design opportunities that provide the right experience for volunteers by rethinking the work (and the way it's talked about), focusing on the impact of the work, and thinking about the skills, experiences and characteristics of the "right" volunteer for the role.
Making Volunteer Engagement Everyone's JobVolunteerMatch
Too often the role of engaging volunteers falls exclusively to the volunteer program manager. It's not uncommon to hear the phrase "your volunteers" used within organizations. How do you make volunteer engagement everyone's job? This webinar will provide you with the tools to become an advocate for volunteer engagement. Learn how to create a step by step communication plan to reinforce the importance of volunteer engagement to key stakeholders within your organization.
In a Volunteer Recruitment Rut? Steps to Up Your Tech GameVolunteerMatch
With new, powerful technology popping up all over the web, managing online volunteer recruitment can be a time-consuming undertaking. But it doesn’t have to be. What if we told you there’s an easier way to maximize your volunteer opportunities’ reach and streamline your online recruitment efforts so you can focus on other parts of your program, like engaging volunteers?
In this best practices webinar, VolunteerMatch and the Association for Leaders in Volunteer Engagement (AL!VE) for shared insights into recruiting great volunteers online and tips for crafting an irresistible volunteer opportunity.
If you recognize the value in recruiting volunteers online or are having trouble finding the right fit lately, watch this video recording of our webinar: http://bit.ly/2q8JNwv.
Purpose Driven Corporate Social Responsibility is Not a Myth (+ Proof!)!VolunteerMatch
How do you balance purpose and corporate responsibility? And how do directives from leadership fit into your employee volunteer program goals? Last (but certainly not least), how do you create a program that’s inclusive of employee wants? If this feels like a lot to juggle, you’re not alone.
What’s ethics got to do with this? Ethics and Decision Making in Volunteer En...VolunteerMatch
As leaders of volunteer engagement we’re often asked to make difficult decisions. How do we know if the decisions we’re making are the right ones? When you’re in this type of dilemma how do you intervene or lead? In this highly interactive workshop we’ll explore how ethics guide the work we do leading and engaging volunteers, and we’ll practice using ethical decision making. Attendees will leave with a worksheet to help introduce and use ethical decision making in their organization.
So many volunteer managers depend on groups of volunteers to meet the needs of their programs. Different types of groups can come with their own challenges.
We’ll discuss ideas for working with corporate groups, youth groups, and other groups. Effective practices for engagement, ideas for diversifying the work and commitment level of volunteer groups, the importance of creating opportunities with measurable impacts, and communicating those impacts will be discussed.
Creating a Culture of Volunteer EngagementVolunteerMatch
It's important to create a culture of inclusion and engagement of volunteers within your organization. But, it can be hard to recognize what your current culture says to volunteers, or identify how to make changes to help volunteers feel more welcome. This webinar will help you identify how your organization's current culture is shaping or limiting what volunteers do, and provide steps you can take to start to create more understanding, respect, and appreciation for engaging volunteers.
From the Inside Out: Creating a Culture of Volunteer EngagementVolunteerMatch
Are the things you value and believe about volunteers reflected in your organization’s culture? Too often volunteers are thought of as a “nice to have” rather than a critical component to success. If there’s a lack of understanding of the real value volunteers bring to your organization, or if you want to consciously develop a culture that welcomes volunteers this workshop will help you work within your organization to create real inclusion and understanding of the work volunteers do.
How people want to spend their volunteer time is changing. What volunteers are looking for today, and will be looking for tomorrow, is different from what volunteers wanted just a few years ago. Whether you're looking to invite volunteers into your organization or send employees out into the community as volunteers this session can help. 2015 VolunteerMatch Summit attendees learned how to design opportunities that provide the right experience for volunteers by rethinking the work (and the way it's talked about), focusing on the impact of the work, and thinking about the skills, experiences and characteristics of the "right" volunteer for the role.
Making Volunteer Engagement Everyone's JobVolunteerMatch
Too often the role of engaging volunteers falls exclusively to the volunteer program manager. It's not uncommon to hear the phrase "your volunteers" used within organizations. How do you make volunteer engagement everyone's job? This webinar will provide you with the tools to become an advocate for volunteer engagement. Learn how to create a step by step communication plan to reinforce the importance of volunteer engagement to key stakeholders within your organization.
In a Volunteer Recruitment Rut? Steps to Up Your Tech GameVolunteerMatch
With new, powerful technology popping up all over the web, managing online volunteer recruitment can be a time-consuming undertaking. But it doesn’t have to be. What if we told you there’s an easier way to maximize your volunteer opportunities’ reach and streamline your online recruitment efforts so you can focus on other parts of your program, like engaging volunteers?
In this best practices webinar, VolunteerMatch and the Association for Leaders in Volunteer Engagement (AL!VE) for shared insights into recruiting great volunteers online and tips for crafting an irresistible volunteer opportunity.
If you recognize the value in recruiting volunteers online or are having trouble finding the right fit lately, watch this video recording of our webinar: http://bit.ly/2q8JNwv.
Purpose Driven Corporate Social Responsibility is Not a Myth (+ Proof!)!VolunteerMatch
How do you balance purpose and corporate responsibility? And how do directives from leadership fit into your employee volunteer program goals? Last (but certainly not least), how do you create a program that’s inclusive of employee wants? If this feels like a lot to juggle, you’re not alone.
What’s ethics got to do with this? Ethics and Decision Making in Volunteer En...VolunteerMatch
As leaders of volunteer engagement we’re often asked to make difficult decisions. How do we know if the decisions we’re making are the right ones? When you’re in this type of dilemma how do you intervene or lead? In this highly interactive workshop we’ll explore how ethics guide the work we do leading and engaging volunteers, and we’ll practice using ethical decision making. Attendees will leave with a worksheet to help introduce and use ethical decision making in their organization.
So many volunteer managers depend on groups of volunteers to meet the needs of their programs. Different types of groups can come with their own challenges.
We’ll discuss ideas for working with corporate groups, youth groups, and other groups. Effective practices for engagement, ideas for diversifying the work and commitment level of volunteer groups, the importance of creating opportunities with measurable impacts, and communicating those impacts will be discussed.
Measuring Success: How to Strategically Assess Your ProgramVolunteerMatch
Your volunteer engagement program can be measured by more than just the hours a volunteer gives your organization. What other kinds of information should you keep track of, and how do you know if you're doing a good job with your volunteer engagement program? This webinar will help you think through both the quantitative and qualitative information you can use to evaluate your program.
Are you engaging volunteers with an eye to the future? Do you know what your volunteer program should look like in 3 or 5 years? Join us as we talk about the fundamentals for creating a strategic plan for volunteer engagement for your organizations. This webinar will include components that should be included as well as ideas for working with organization leaders to include strategic goals for volunteer engagement in your organization's overall strategic plan.
The Power of WHY: The Key to Uniting Employees Around Your Company Vision [Ma...VolunteerMatch
What separates successful, innovative corporate responsibility programs from the status quo? The answer may be simpler than you think.
On March 18th, 2016, Stephanie Staidle, founder of The Right Brain Entrepreneur joined VolunteerMatch to explore The Power of Why: The Key to Uniting Employees Around Your Company Vision. In this complimentary webinar, attendees learned how to unite employees around your company vision and inspire them to take part in your cause work. How? By understanding and using your company's "why".
Where Do I Go From Here? Evolving your Volunteer Program for More InvolvementVolunteerMatch
How long do volunteers usually stay with your program? Do you struggle with keeping them interested, involved and engaged? This webinar will help you think about new strategies and help you evolve your program to include new roles and responsibilities for volunteers, pathways for more involvement and leadership positions in your program, how recognition plays a role in retention, and the importance of including continuing education and professional development to keep your volunteers engaged. Tools to help you evaluate your program implement new ideas will be provided.
Walking the Walk: Engage Volunteers in your Volunteer Engagement ProgramVolunteerMatch
Stop just talking the talk and start walking the walk! Learn how to effectively delegate volunteer engagement and management work to volunteers so you have the opportunity to "think bigger." We'll discuss evaluating your program for volunteer engagement, determining how best to use volunteers, creating a communication plan, screening and training volunteers to be an important part of your volunteer recruiting, retention and recognition plans.
Creative and Innovative Recognition Strategies for Today's VolunteersVolunteerMatch
Are you doing the right things to recognize the work volunteers do for your organization? Are your recognition strategies and events stuck in the past? In this webinar we'll discuss what motivates today's volunteers and discuss strategies for matching recognition to motivation. We'll also share examples and ideas to incorporate creative and meaningful recognition into your volunteer engagement strategy
Build Staff Buy-in for your Volunteer Engagement ProgramVolunteerMatch
Is your organization open to engaging volunteers in new ways? Often one of the biggest challenges to a new model of volunteer engagement is the resistance of paid staff. Often attitudes and fears of our co-workers prevent us from expanding the work that volunteers do. But, if you've never worked with volunteers before, it can be scary. In this webinar we'll discuss strategies for working with paid staff to engage volunteers. We'll cover what you can do to alleviate some of those fears, strategies for working within a Union environment, and how you can train and support your coworkers as they become responsible for managing volunteers.
What do you do when it's time to ask a volunteer to leave your organization? This webinar will give you the tools to address challenges around difficult volunteers, including volunteers aging in place and entrenched volunteers. You'll also learn how to minimize these situations in the future. Suggestions for determining when a volunteer should be terminated, and making it easier on you, other volunteers, and staff will be presented. The role that risk management plays in these decisions will also be included.
Raising the profile of comms in your organisation. Small charities communicat...CharityComms
Kay Parris, writer/editor
Visit the CharityComms website to view slides from past events, see what events we have coming up and to check out what else we do: www.charitycomms.org.uk
Re=Energize Your Volunteer Program: Creating Mission-Driven OpportunitiesVolunteerMatch
Too often organizations look at volunteer engagement as something that's nice to have, and never realize the true potential of volunteers. But, our organizations become more successful, responsive, and effective when we look at volunteers as a key component to our organization's success. In this session we'll discuss creating a connection between the work volunteers do and the mission of your organization. You'll learn how to design volunteer opportunities with real impact, and how to tell the story of that impact both within your organization and to your community. Attendees will leave with sample mission-driven position descriptions and a worksheet to help craft their organization's story of volunteer engagement.
Balancing it all: The Shifting Role of Volunteer Engagement LeadersVolunteerMatch
Roles and organizational priorities are shifting. It's exciting, but it can also feel like there's too much to do and no one to help you! In this session we'll discuss strategies for evolving and managing your role, being 'all things to all people' and how delegating and developing processes can help.
Nonprofit Insights: A 360-Degree View of Corporate-Nonprofit Partnerships - P...VolunteerMatch
In September, 2013, VolunteerMatch hosted a webinar that covered the key ingredients for a successful corporate-nonprofit volunteer partnership. The session was so popular, we've brought you back for round two! In this special session dive into how nonprofits and businesses can increase both the breadth and depth of these cross-sector relationships.
Join VolunteerMatch for a special joint edition of the Nonprofit Insights and Best Practice Network webinar series, as we welcome back three experts in corporate-nonprofit partnerships who present from multiple perspectives: Nonprofit consultant Mazarine Treyz represents the small nonprofit viewpoint, Desiree Adaway of The Adaway Group provides the voice of large organizations, and Amanda Lenaghan from the Charles Schwab Foundation presents the corporate angle.
Viewers walk away with new knowledge, practical strategies and tactics, as well as concrete resources and handouts. Whether you work at a nonprofit or a corporation, this webinar will enable you to move your program to the next level through successful partnerships.
Playing by the Rules: Creating an Effective Volunteer HandbookVolunteerMatch
When was the last time you reviewed your Volunteer Handbook or Policies and Procedures Manual? It's probably been too long. Learn how to create a living document that can help both paid and volunteer staff be better informed and know what is expected of them. A good Volunteer Handbook can also help you better identify and deal with challenging volunteers. Whether you're just starting to create a Handbook or if you're looking for best practices on information to include, this webinar will evaluate the Handbook you have and help you create a stronger framework for your volunteer engagement program.
Nonprofit Insights: Building a Future-Friendly Nonprofit BoardVolunteerMatch
Your board plays a critical role in overseeing your organization's mission, finances and strategic direction. So it's equally critical that these board members are supportive of the changes in tools and practices necessary to help your organization stay relevant and viable in today's rapidly changing world.
For the March 2014 Nonprofit Insights webinar hosted by VolunteerMatch focused on how to cultivate, engage and retain great board members that are "future-friendly." Jenifer Holland, Director of Consulting at BoardSource, shared best practices and strategies for finding and engaging the best board members for your organization. We were also joined by Shayla Price, Executive Director for the National Search Dog Alliance, who shared her first-hand experience working with boards from the nonprofit side, as well as serving as a board member herself.
Wondering how to build a board that will support your organization as it moves forward into the future? This webinar will provide ideas and strategies so you'll never need to "fight" your board for change again.
Lisa Hoffman, Nonprofit Consultant
Whether your organization is new to individual fundraising, or has an established program, you will learn tactics and techniques critical to success in this interactive workshop. Lisa will approach the topic from a continuum perspective, beginning with finding new donors, and concluding with exquisite stewardship once they have given."
Lori and Sean from The Connected Brand share their expertise on how strong brands are built, why this matters to charitable organizations of all sizes, and the common misconceptions about what brands are. They will also be sharing a donor journey tool that attendees can take away and put into action.
Chapter 4 Theories Responding to the Challenge of Cultural Re.docxrobertad6
Chapter 4: Theories Responding to the Challenge of Cultural Relativism from The Business
Ethics Workshop was adapted by Saylor Academy and is available under a Creative Commons
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported license without attribution as requested by
the work's original creator or licensor. UMGC has modified this work and it is available under
the original license.
http://www.saylor.org/site/textbooks/The%20Business%20Ethics%20Workshop.pdf
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
137
Chapter 4
Theories Responding to the Challenge of Cultural
Relativism
Chapter Overview
Chapter 4 "Theories Responding to the Challenge of Cultural Relativism" examines some theories guiding
ethical decisions in business. It considers reactions to the possibility that there are no universal
definitions of right and wrong, only different customs that change from one society to another.
4.1 What Is Cultural Relativism?
L E A R N I N G O B J E C T I V E S
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
138
1. Define cultural relativism.
2. Show how cultural relativism defies traditional ethics.
Nietzsche and the End of Traditional Ethics
“God is dead,” the declaration attributed to Friedrich Nietzsche, stands along with “I think, therefore I
am” (René Descartes, 1641) as philosophy’s most popularized—and parodied—phrases. The t-shirt
proclaiming “Nietzsche is dead, signed, God” is funny, but it doesn’t quite answer what Nietzsche was
saying in the late 1800s. What Nietzsche meant to launch was not only an assault on a certain religion but
also a suspicion of the idea that there’s one source of final justice for all reality. Nietzsche proposed that
different cultures and people each produce their own moral recommendations and prohibitions, and
there’s no way to indisputably prove that one set is simply and universally preferable to another. The
suspicion that there’s no final appeal—and therefore the values and morality practiced by a community
can’t be dismissed as wrong or inferior to those practiced elsewhere—is called cultural relativism.
Example: For most of us, the killing of a newborn would be among the most heinous of immoral acts; a
perpetrator would need to be purely evil or completely mad. The Inuit Eskimos, however, regularly
practiced female infanticide during their prehistory, and it was neither evil nor insane. Their brutal living
conditions required a population imbalance tipped toward hunters (males). Without that gender
selecting, the plain fact was the entire group faced starvation. At another place and time, Bernal
Diaz’s The Conquest of New Spain recounts the Spanish invasion of the Americas and includes multiple
reports of newborns sacrificed in bloody ceremonies that made perfect sense to the locals, but left
Spaniards astonished and appalle.
Measuring Success: How to Strategically Assess Your ProgramVolunteerMatch
Your volunteer engagement program can be measured by more than just the hours a volunteer gives your organization. What other kinds of information should you keep track of, and how do you know if you're doing a good job with your volunteer engagement program? This webinar will help you think through both the quantitative and qualitative information you can use to evaluate your program.
Are you engaging volunteers with an eye to the future? Do you know what your volunteer program should look like in 3 or 5 years? Join us as we talk about the fundamentals for creating a strategic plan for volunteer engagement for your organizations. This webinar will include components that should be included as well as ideas for working with organization leaders to include strategic goals for volunteer engagement in your organization's overall strategic plan.
The Power of WHY: The Key to Uniting Employees Around Your Company Vision [Ma...VolunteerMatch
What separates successful, innovative corporate responsibility programs from the status quo? The answer may be simpler than you think.
On March 18th, 2016, Stephanie Staidle, founder of The Right Brain Entrepreneur joined VolunteerMatch to explore The Power of Why: The Key to Uniting Employees Around Your Company Vision. In this complimentary webinar, attendees learned how to unite employees around your company vision and inspire them to take part in your cause work. How? By understanding and using your company's "why".
Where Do I Go From Here? Evolving your Volunteer Program for More InvolvementVolunteerMatch
How long do volunteers usually stay with your program? Do you struggle with keeping them interested, involved and engaged? This webinar will help you think about new strategies and help you evolve your program to include new roles and responsibilities for volunteers, pathways for more involvement and leadership positions in your program, how recognition plays a role in retention, and the importance of including continuing education and professional development to keep your volunteers engaged. Tools to help you evaluate your program implement new ideas will be provided.
Walking the Walk: Engage Volunteers in your Volunteer Engagement ProgramVolunteerMatch
Stop just talking the talk and start walking the walk! Learn how to effectively delegate volunteer engagement and management work to volunteers so you have the opportunity to "think bigger." We'll discuss evaluating your program for volunteer engagement, determining how best to use volunteers, creating a communication plan, screening and training volunteers to be an important part of your volunteer recruiting, retention and recognition plans.
Creative and Innovative Recognition Strategies for Today's VolunteersVolunteerMatch
Are you doing the right things to recognize the work volunteers do for your organization? Are your recognition strategies and events stuck in the past? In this webinar we'll discuss what motivates today's volunteers and discuss strategies for matching recognition to motivation. We'll also share examples and ideas to incorporate creative and meaningful recognition into your volunteer engagement strategy
Build Staff Buy-in for your Volunteer Engagement ProgramVolunteerMatch
Is your organization open to engaging volunteers in new ways? Often one of the biggest challenges to a new model of volunteer engagement is the resistance of paid staff. Often attitudes and fears of our co-workers prevent us from expanding the work that volunteers do. But, if you've never worked with volunteers before, it can be scary. In this webinar we'll discuss strategies for working with paid staff to engage volunteers. We'll cover what you can do to alleviate some of those fears, strategies for working within a Union environment, and how you can train and support your coworkers as they become responsible for managing volunteers.
What do you do when it's time to ask a volunteer to leave your organization? This webinar will give you the tools to address challenges around difficult volunteers, including volunteers aging in place and entrenched volunteers. You'll also learn how to minimize these situations in the future. Suggestions for determining when a volunteer should be terminated, and making it easier on you, other volunteers, and staff will be presented. The role that risk management plays in these decisions will also be included.
Raising the profile of comms in your organisation. Small charities communicat...CharityComms
Kay Parris, writer/editor
Visit the CharityComms website to view slides from past events, see what events we have coming up and to check out what else we do: www.charitycomms.org.uk
Re=Energize Your Volunteer Program: Creating Mission-Driven OpportunitiesVolunteerMatch
Too often organizations look at volunteer engagement as something that's nice to have, and never realize the true potential of volunteers. But, our organizations become more successful, responsive, and effective when we look at volunteers as a key component to our organization's success. In this session we'll discuss creating a connection between the work volunteers do and the mission of your organization. You'll learn how to design volunteer opportunities with real impact, and how to tell the story of that impact both within your organization and to your community. Attendees will leave with sample mission-driven position descriptions and a worksheet to help craft their organization's story of volunteer engagement.
Balancing it all: The Shifting Role of Volunteer Engagement LeadersVolunteerMatch
Roles and organizational priorities are shifting. It's exciting, but it can also feel like there's too much to do and no one to help you! In this session we'll discuss strategies for evolving and managing your role, being 'all things to all people' and how delegating and developing processes can help.
Nonprofit Insights: A 360-Degree View of Corporate-Nonprofit Partnerships - P...VolunteerMatch
In September, 2013, VolunteerMatch hosted a webinar that covered the key ingredients for a successful corporate-nonprofit volunteer partnership. The session was so popular, we've brought you back for round two! In this special session dive into how nonprofits and businesses can increase both the breadth and depth of these cross-sector relationships.
Join VolunteerMatch for a special joint edition of the Nonprofit Insights and Best Practice Network webinar series, as we welcome back three experts in corporate-nonprofit partnerships who present from multiple perspectives: Nonprofit consultant Mazarine Treyz represents the small nonprofit viewpoint, Desiree Adaway of The Adaway Group provides the voice of large organizations, and Amanda Lenaghan from the Charles Schwab Foundation presents the corporate angle.
Viewers walk away with new knowledge, practical strategies and tactics, as well as concrete resources and handouts. Whether you work at a nonprofit or a corporation, this webinar will enable you to move your program to the next level through successful partnerships.
Playing by the Rules: Creating an Effective Volunteer HandbookVolunteerMatch
When was the last time you reviewed your Volunteer Handbook or Policies and Procedures Manual? It's probably been too long. Learn how to create a living document that can help both paid and volunteer staff be better informed and know what is expected of them. A good Volunteer Handbook can also help you better identify and deal with challenging volunteers. Whether you're just starting to create a Handbook or if you're looking for best practices on information to include, this webinar will evaluate the Handbook you have and help you create a stronger framework for your volunteer engagement program.
Nonprofit Insights: Building a Future-Friendly Nonprofit BoardVolunteerMatch
Your board plays a critical role in overseeing your organization's mission, finances and strategic direction. So it's equally critical that these board members are supportive of the changes in tools and practices necessary to help your organization stay relevant and viable in today's rapidly changing world.
For the March 2014 Nonprofit Insights webinar hosted by VolunteerMatch focused on how to cultivate, engage and retain great board members that are "future-friendly." Jenifer Holland, Director of Consulting at BoardSource, shared best practices and strategies for finding and engaging the best board members for your organization. We were also joined by Shayla Price, Executive Director for the National Search Dog Alliance, who shared her first-hand experience working with boards from the nonprofit side, as well as serving as a board member herself.
Wondering how to build a board that will support your organization as it moves forward into the future? This webinar will provide ideas and strategies so you'll never need to "fight" your board for change again.
Lisa Hoffman, Nonprofit Consultant
Whether your organization is new to individual fundraising, or has an established program, you will learn tactics and techniques critical to success in this interactive workshop. Lisa will approach the topic from a continuum perspective, beginning with finding new donors, and concluding with exquisite stewardship once they have given."
Lori and Sean from The Connected Brand share their expertise on how strong brands are built, why this matters to charitable organizations of all sizes, and the common misconceptions about what brands are. They will also be sharing a donor journey tool that attendees can take away and put into action.
Chapter 4 Theories Responding to the Challenge of Cultural Re.docxrobertad6
Chapter 4: Theories Responding to the Challenge of Cultural Relativism from The Business
Ethics Workshop was adapted by Saylor Academy and is available under a Creative Commons
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported license without attribution as requested by
the work's original creator or licensor. UMGC has modified this work and it is available under
the original license.
http://www.saylor.org/site/textbooks/The%20Business%20Ethics%20Workshop.pdf
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
137
Chapter 4
Theories Responding to the Challenge of Cultural
Relativism
Chapter Overview
Chapter 4 "Theories Responding to the Challenge of Cultural Relativism" examines some theories guiding
ethical decisions in business. It considers reactions to the possibility that there are no universal
definitions of right and wrong, only different customs that change from one society to another.
4.1 What Is Cultural Relativism?
L E A R N I N G O B J E C T I V E S
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
138
1. Define cultural relativism.
2. Show how cultural relativism defies traditional ethics.
Nietzsche and the End of Traditional Ethics
“God is dead,” the declaration attributed to Friedrich Nietzsche, stands along with “I think, therefore I
am” (René Descartes, 1641) as philosophy’s most popularized—and parodied—phrases. The t-shirt
proclaiming “Nietzsche is dead, signed, God” is funny, but it doesn’t quite answer what Nietzsche was
saying in the late 1800s. What Nietzsche meant to launch was not only an assault on a certain religion but
also a suspicion of the idea that there’s one source of final justice for all reality. Nietzsche proposed that
different cultures and people each produce their own moral recommendations and prohibitions, and
there’s no way to indisputably prove that one set is simply and universally preferable to another. The
suspicion that there’s no final appeal—and therefore the values and morality practiced by a community
can’t be dismissed as wrong or inferior to those practiced elsewhere—is called cultural relativism.
Example: For most of us, the killing of a newborn would be among the most heinous of immoral acts; a
perpetrator would need to be purely evil or completely mad. The Inuit Eskimos, however, regularly
practiced female infanticide during their prehistory, and it was neither evil nor insane. Their brutal living
conditions required a population imbalance tipped toward hunters (males). Without that gender
selecting, the plain fact was the entire group faced starvation. At another place and time, Bernal
Diaz’s The Conquest of New Spain recounts the Spanish invasion of the Americas and includes multiple
reports of newborns sacrificed in bloody ceremonies that made perfect sense to the locals, but left
Spaniards astonished and appalle.
Chapter 4 Theories Responding to the Challenge of Cultural Re.docxketurahhazelhurst
Chapter 4: Theories Responding to the Challenge of Cultural Relativism from The Business
Ethics Workshop was adapted by Saylor Academy and is available under a Creative Commons
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported license without attribution as requested by
the work's original creator or licensor. UMGC has modified this work and it is available under
the original license.
http://www.saylor.org/site/textbooks/The%20Business%20Ethics%20Workshop.pdf
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
137
Chapter 4
Theories Responding to the Challenge of Cultural
Relativism
Chapter Overview
Chapter 4 "Theories Responding to the Challenge of Cultural Relativism" examines some theories guiding
ethical decisions in business. It considers reactions to the possibility that there are no universal
definitions of right and wrong, only different customs that change from one society to another.
4.1 What Is Cultural Relativism?
L E A R N I N G O B J E C T I V E S
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
138
1. Define cultural relativism.
2. Show how cultural relativism defies traditional ethics.
Nietzsche and the End of Traditional Ethics
“God is dead,” the declaration attributed to Friedrich Nietzsche, stands along with “I think, therefore I
am” (René Descartes, 1641) as philosophy’s most popularized—and parodied—phrases. The t-shirt
proclaiming “Nietzsche is dead, signed, God” is funny, but it doesn’t quite answer what Nietzsche was
saying in the late 1800s. What Nietzsche meant to launch was not only an assault on a certain religion but
also a suspicion of the idea that there’s one source of final justice for all reality. Nietzsche proposed that
different cultures and people each produce their own moral recommendations and prohibitions, and
there’s no way to indisputably prove that one set is simply and universally preferable to another. The
suspicion that there’s no final appeal—and therefore the values and morality practiced by a community
can’t be dismissed as wrong or inferior to those practiced elsewhere—is called cultural relativism.
Example: For most of us, the killing of a newborn would be among the most heinous of immoral acts; a
perpetrator would need to be purely evil or completely mad. The Inuit Eskimos, however, regularly
practiced female infanticide during their prehistory, and it was neither evil nor insane. Their brutal living
conditions required a population imbalance tipped toward hunters (males). Without that gender
selecting, the plain fact was the entire group faced starvation. At another place and time, Bernal
Diaz’s The Conquest of New Spain recounts the Spanish invasion of the Americas and includes multiple
reports of newborns sacrificed in bloody ceremonies that made perfect sense to the locals, but left
Spaniards astonished and appalle ...
Talk for social work students at Huddersfield UniversityCitizen Network
Talk on personalisation, social justice, citizenship, individual service design and the welfare state. Given to MSc and BSc student social workers at Huddersfield University, November 2014.
“Symbolic Framework: Transparency and the Public Trust”
Program Transcript
HOLLY HOEY: We're much more under a microscope than other organizations
and the private sector. I think that we are kind of scrutinized a little bit more,
because we deal with public trusts so much more. And I think all of us would
probably agree that without public trusts, we wouldn't exist. I mean really, without
people trusting in us and our volunteers trusting in us to fulfill the mission, to be a
good steward, we wouldn't be in existence. So we raise a total of about $34
million from over 100,000 donors. So talking about public trusts, individuals are
investing in United Way, giving us their confidential information, their credit card
information, and saying, "I trust in you. I think United Way is the most efficient
and effective way to give. Here's my money, now I know and I trust United Way
what they're going to do with it, and they're going to help people in need."
At United Way, every employee and every board member has to sign a code of
ethics. That's just to start out. We have to sign a code of ethics every year that
basically says that we're going to uphold the highest ethical standards with
ourselves and with the community. So I think that in terms of public trust and
transparency, it's something that we hold to the highest standards and it's
something that we continuously are in front of.
When we talked in the first session about partnerships and collaboration, we
collaborate and partner with wonderful, wonderful organizations in this
community. And at times, we do events or we do programatic work. And at times,
the organization would call us and say, "Hey, we have an event going. Can we
mail out the invitations to this select group of donors?"
Well something at United Way that we really hold true to our hearts and that we
really take pride in, is that when a donor gives us their information that is their
personal information. That is information that is confidential and that we feel is
served for internal purposes only. Several staff members were very
uncomfortable with this. So what we had to do was, to prevent any unethical
situations happening, is we had to create a policy that basically says that the
information that we gain from donors is strictly for internal purposes. And that
really is important, as it pertains to public trusts.
So tell me, what about your organization? How do you maintain that public trust
and the transparency?
ANDREA INGRAM: Well, first of all, I really wholeheartedly agree with everything
that you said. Your reputation is the most important thing you have. And it's one
of those things that's hard to earn and easy to lose. So, there's just nothing more
important than maintaining your reputation in the community. And this can
actually get to be a fairly technical discussion, because there are a lot of ways
that we are accountable, that you are reporting to funders, that you are reporti ...
ETHICS DEMYSTIFIEDMention that you are interested in learnin.docxSANSKAR20
ETHICS DEMYSTIFIED
Mention that you are interested in learning how people become ethically mature and people will give you
lots of advice … often not useful.
Many believe that they learned everything that they need about ethics and morals as kids, so they don’t
need any more training. However, just like learning addition doesn’t give us enough math to function in an
adult world, the beginning truths of “don’t hit your sister” and “don’t lie” don’t provide us with enough
guidance to know what to do in complex situations.
Many will say that they “just know” what to do. Unfortunately, our gut is not very good at helping us
explain to others why a particular course of action is better than another. Self-knowledge and thoughtful
reflection help us find the right words to explain our positions and influence a course of action.
Many will say that every problem has only one right answer — and we should know that answer. If that
were so, we would not have so many laws and over 5,000 years of conversation about how one should act in
community. If all the answers were self evident, few would make terrible and often unintentional errors of
judgment that call their ethics into question.
And, finally, every person knows they are ethical — just ask. Yet, as we look around, ethics scandals abound.
With a cocked eyebrow we judge each other’s ethics but not our own. We often find that the other person is
ethically deficient and we are just fine.
And we have this niggling question: why, when so many say they are ethical, do we have so many prob-
lems? Is the problem due to human nature — no one can claim to be ethical and there is no hope? Or is there a
more basic problem, one of definition? What do we mean by ethics? And exactly how do we determine what
actions are — or are not — ethical?
The Ethical Lens Inventory (ELI) is a tool to help you answer those questions and to help you become more
aware about your own values. As you understand what values are important to you, you will discover your
preferred approach to solving ethical dilemmas. The ELI will identify your natural ethical home. You will
also be given strategies to help you become more ethically mature. However, before exploring the four ethi-
cal lenses, let’s examine some basic concepts.
BASIC DEFINITIONS
Ethics can be broadly defined as demonstrating our values through our actions. As we make choices, each of
us knows our own heart, our values, and our motivations. With each choice, our values are translated into
concrete actions in specific situations.
The specific actions are then defined as “ethical” or “unethical” depending on whether the actions match
the observer’s understanding of what behaviors count.
§ Did you follow accepted principles?
§ Did you choose ideal goals?
§ Did you seek justice?
§ Did you demonstrate the expected virtues?
Morality: Each of us has a personal set of values that help us decide what to do. While we share
values with others in a v ...
Cost:
Free
Designing meaningful, mission-driven virtual volunteer opportunities, and managing remote volunteers can be challenging. How do you create work than can be done independently, and still supervise, evaluate, or recognize the work of a volunteer you never meet face to face? The good news is that now, with an ever growing set of online tools, building an online community and connecting with someone across miles (or continents) is easier. In this webinar we will discuss best practices for creating those opportunities and developing meaningful relationships with remote volunteers, including building and empowering remote teams, managing projects by letting go but not checking out, and creating a two-way communication plan to share the work of remote volunteers with the organization and share what's happening at the organization with remote volunteers.
Engaging Pro Bono and Skills-Based VolunteersVolunteerMatch
Integrating skills-based volunteers into your existing volunteer program is both exciting and scary. If you're thinking about adding skilled volunteers to your program, or if you've just started, this seminar can help you make the experience successful for both the volunteer and the organization. Navigating the introduction of the idea into your organization, developing the art of delegating work to volunteers, and setting achievable outcomes will be covered.
What You'll Learn:
How to design successful skills-based volunteer projects
Strategies for managing skills-based volunteers
VolunteerMatch Best Practices for Recruiting OnlineVolunteerMatch
Learn how to make the most of your VolunteerMatch account by creating your volunteer opportunities using best practices. This webinar will cover the eight simple steps to making your opportunities stand out on VolunteerMatch.
Tap into the Power of Training and Set your Volunteers up to Succeed!VolunteerMatch
Are you preparing your volunteers for success, or leaving them to figure things out on their own? This session will explore best practices for adult education, and the need to develop a curriculum that meets the learning needs for new volunteers as well as supports ongoing learning for existing volunteers. In this engaging session we’ll practice effective and creative training delivery methods. Attendees will leave with a sample curriculum and a plan to evaluate their current volunteer training.
How to boost employee engagement with the volunteer match networkVolunteerMatch
Many companies invest a lot of time in researching nonprofits and curating one-off volunteer opportunities for their employees. Yet research shows that one-third of employees won’t actually give through their workplace because they’re not able to choose the causes that matter to them.
What if there were an easy way to connect employees with high-quality volunteer experiences that are meaningful to them?
There is. The VolunteerMatch Network is a consolidation of vetted, real-time nonprofit volunteer needs, all in one place. It can be easily integrated into your existing corporate giving platform in a way that’s tailored to your company’s goals and preferences.
On Tuesday, May 29, 2018 at 2pm ET/11am PT webinar attendees got a walkthrough of:
-Why it’s important to give your employees choice in your volunteer program
-How to balance employee choice with company-sponsored cause areas
-How the VolunteerMatch Network connects employees with causes that are meaningful to them
-How VolunteerMatch’s custom integrations can serve the interests of both your company and its individual employees, while saving you time and money.
Listen to Your Employees: How to Craft a Volunteer Program That Meets Their N...VolunteerMatch
In overwhelming numbers, employees want their companies to offer ways for them to volunteer. Yet, one-third of employees won’t give through their workplace because they’re not able to choose the causes that matter to them. On Tuesday, March 27, 2018, VolunteerMatch presented ways to gauge employee preferences and mobilize employees to give back in the way they want to.
Join this free webinar, hosted only once a year, to learn more about the CCVA and the process for applying for and receiving your CVA. Credentialing in any profession increases credibility and promotes career development. Learn about this unique performance-based credentialing program, the process for becoming Certified in Volunteer Administration and how it can benefit you and your organization. Recommended for those with at least 3 years of experience in any setting.
Stop Wasting Time! How to ‘Go Big’ with Your Employee Volunteer Program’s ImpactVolunteerMatch
We know the benefits employee volunteer programs have on business: increased employee engagement and satisfaction, better recruitment and retention, publicity, skill development, team-building, and more. But how do you maximize these benefits while also achieving the greatest community impact possible? VolunteerMatch delved into this topic in this webinar.
Aligning your volunteer program with employee interestsVolunteerMatch
Studies show that employees seek out companies that embody socially responsible values and provide an outlet for volunteering. You’ve checked those boxes yet can’t seem to get your employees to participate in your volunteer program.
Where’s the disconnect here?
How to Make Volunteering Work for All Your EmployeesVolunteerMatch
On June 13, 2017, VolunteerMatch and Bright Funds teamed up to discuss how to create a multi-faceted corporate volunteer program to engage all employees.
Nonprofit Insights: Stories & Solutions Shaping the Future of Volunteer Scree...VolunteerMatch
It’s undeniable: vetting volunteers is essential in securing your nonprofit’s work.
The way in which you vet volunteers is equally as important. It could make all the difference as to whether a volunteer is mistakenly screened or not. It’s one reason why we’re sharing positive volunteer screening experiences and other stories of how crises happened or were averted from peers in the field.
You’ve just learned about technology options for your nonprofit, and you think, “Great, I’m so excited to get started! But wait—how can we start implementing within our current resources?” Engaging pro bono volunteers might be the right way to go!
Engaging pro bono volunteers for your technology needs will not only allow you to create new ways to deliver on your mission, but it will help broaden your volunteer options as well (in a way that many, many corporate volunteer programs are looking for!).
This session will take you through the entire process of finding just the right volunteer or group of volunteers, including:
How to create an effective job description and project timeline geared toward technology volunteers
Best practices in recruiting pro bono volunteers with specialized skill sets
How to market your new volunteer roles
How to scale your program to accommodate companies seeking pro bono opportunities for their employees
How to align your staff or volunteer structure to support pro bono volunteers
Nonprofit Insights: How Design Thinking Helps You Increase Impact And InnovationVolunteerMatch
Nonprofit organizations provide some of the most basic and essential services to those who need them most: clean water, food, shelter, etc. However, despite often Herculean efforts, many organizations lack resources and find themselves understaffed and underfunded. For organizations to survive, thrive, and fulfill their missions, the key is constant innovation.
During this free webinar, we’ll discuss how innovative nonprofits (e.g. American Red Cross, GRID Alternative, buildOn, etc.) utilize Customer Centric Design Thinking — a methodology developed at the Institute of Design at Stanford — to think outside-the-box and find ways to leverage existing resources, volunteers, staff, and social media presence to increase impact. We’ll then discuss methods for using design thinking to increase engagement, awareness, volunteerism, and fundraising at your organization.
This webinar will be lead by Ryall Carroll, Ph.D. Marketing and Co-Founder of raiserve.org.
At VM Summit 16, we heard from members of the Hunger Volunteer Collaborative including VolunteerMatch, the
Alliance to End Hunger, and the Taproot Foundation about how they fight hunger with pro bono programming that leverages logistic and safety expertise. Learn about ways to get involved and reduce food insecurity in the U.S., as well as examples of how companies are joining the effort.
"Stop the Funding: Social Sector is Fully Resourced." Until we see this headline across our newsfeeds, the corporate sector must continue to innovate on ways to build nonprofit capacity. Pro bono and skilled volunteering can connect the dots between the shortage of resources and the wealth of skills in the private sector. With 76% of nonprofits reporting an increase in demand for their services and over 50% unable to meet the demand, skilled volunteering programs offer a tremendous value to an organization’s infrastructure allowing for increased capacity and expanded programming. Taproot Foundation led a panel discussion with leading corporate
and nonprofit partners who shared real-life examples of succeeding at, stumbling with, and scaling skilled volunteer and pro bono programs! Attendees heard from experts and
walked away with tools supporting an increased engagement in pro bono and skilled volunteering.
Imagine recruiting over 100 new volunteers each week or supporting over 250 local nonprofits annually with your employee volunteer program. The Girl Scouts of Greater Chicago and Northwest Indiana and Groupon have been able to accelerate their volunteer programs through an innovative approach and strategic community partnerships. Learn about this unique partnership and signature skills-based volunteer event—“Scout Out Engineering”—that was developed in Chicago and has scaled to the Bay Area! Both organizations also shared tips on how they use YourMatch and VolunteerMatch for volunteer management and recruitment.
In an increasingly globalized world, using technology to reconnect people with their local communities and exploring the ways they can give back is something each of us does in our daily work. Get inspired by stories of local communities becoming increasingly connected and how you can continue to build networks of impact. Similar to VolunteerMatch, Groupon helps people connect with their local communities. Groupon is building the daily habit for local commerce, redefining how traditional small businesses attract customers. The mission: to grow our love of local and build networks of impact.
The CSR Scene: From Checkbook Philanthropy to Authentic EngagementVolunteerMatch
This stimulating session offered a perspective on how
corporate community involvement has evolved over the
past 20 years. We explored the key trends in philanthropy
and corporate social responsibility (CSR), examined the
challenges companies and nonprofits face in working
together to achieve authentic engagement, and took a
peek at what may be coming down the line. The “CSR
Scene” is a constantly evolving field of work, with many
moving parts. Participants engaged in conversation
about this dynamically changing environment and the
obstacles as well as opportunities it presents.
Have you ever wondered what’s possible with collaboration? Time Warner Cable—while a corporate client of VolunteerMatch—saw a need for more STEM-related volunteer opportunities for their employees. The Connectory—the largest database of youth-serving STEM programs in the world—saw a need for more STEM-focused volunteers to support a growing number of programs. VolunteerMatch provided the perfect platform
for these resources to meet. At this session, VM Summit 16 attendees learned about how this partnership was launched, the
impact it has had so far, and best practices for
collaboration.
Surprising Ways You Can Get the Most out of Your MeetingsVolunteerMatch
Most meetings are bad; virtual meetings are worse. But you keep having meetings. There is hope. This session, presented by Danny Mittleman, focused on: [1] specific research-proven techniques that can triple your team’s brainstorming productivity [2] a process to help your team decide which few of those
many brainstormed ideas to focus on—without ever voting an idea “off the island”; and [3] an argument for never voting at meetings—unless you vote at the beginning, before you discuss
a topic.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
4. Ethics Is…
A guide for navigating confusion and conflict
More than a written “code”
Influenced by history, culture, faith, experience
A management tool
Connected to effective leadership
CCVA 2014
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5. Ethical Organizations
Are accessible to diverse groups
Operate ethically with all stakeholders
Strive for excellence
Maintain the public trust
Sustain a helping environment
Are at low risk for legal actions against it
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7. Recognizing an Ethical Dilemma
Am I trying to determine the right course of action?
Am I asking a “should” question?
Are values and beliefs involved?
Am I feeling uncomfortable?
Is there a downside to making the “correct” choice?
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8. Universal Core Values
Six “Pillars of Character”:
Citizenship and Philanthropy
Respect
Responsibility
Compassion and Generosity
Justice and Fairness
Trustworthiness
Josephson Institute of Ethics
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9. Professional Values and Principles
Citizenship and Philanthropy
Personal philosophy of volunteerism
Social responsibility to meet human needs
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10. Professional Values and Principles
Respect
Self-determination
Mutuality
Human dignity
Privacy
Safeguarding confidential information
Accessibility
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11. Professional Values and Principles
Responsibility
Staff relationships
Professional responsibility
Diligence
Doing one’s best and perseverance
Continuous Improvement
Self-disclosure and self-restraint
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12. Professional Values and Principles
Compassion and Generosity
Caring and kindness
Minimal harm to others
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13. Professional Values and Principles
Justice and Fairness
Procedural fairness
Impartiality
Equity
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14. Professional Values and Principles
Trustworthiness
Truthfulness and candor
Sincerity/Non-deception
Principled and moral courage
Reasonability & clarity of commitments
Limitations to loyalty
Addressing conflict of interests
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15. Real-Life Scenario I
You are Director of Volunteer Services at a residential facility for
seniors.
An anonymous note was left on your desk, accusing a volunteer
named Ruth of downloading and sharing information about
residents.
As far as you know, Ruth does not have access to any confidential
files and has very limited computer skills.
However, you am aware that Ruth has a reputation among staff
and other volunteers for gossiping about community members
during her volunteer shift.
How should you respond to the note?
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16. Ethical Decision-Making Steps
1. Identify the facts.
Evidence
Situational context
Multiple perspectives
Relevant policies
2. Determine the ethical issue.
Which ethical values & principles are involved?
Where is the conflict?
Who will be most affected by your decision?
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17. Ethical Decision-Making Steps
3. Explore the options.
Harms and benefits
Legal implications
Policy implications
Connection to organizational mission and values
What is the path of least harm?
4. Make a decision and test it.
5. Act, with confidence and courage.
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19. Real-Life Scenario II
You manage a group of 20 volunteers doing trail construction in a
state forest.
Volunteers must be housed in congregate living with no individual
rooms, shared sleeping and bathroom facilities, and limited privacy.
Alex, a transgender volunteer, expresses concern to you about how
others will treat him and his potential exposure to fears,
discrimination or prejudice from other workers.
Alex asks to be allowed to stay in a private hotel room nearby.
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20. Real-Life Scenario II
You manage a group of 20 volunteers doing trail construction in a
state forest.
Volunteers must be housed in congregate living with no individual
rooms, shared sleeping and bathroom facilities, and limited privacy.
Alex, a transgender volunteer, expresses concern to you about how
others will treat him and his potential exposure to fears, discrimination
or prejudice from other workers.
Alex asks to be allowed to stay in a private hotel room nearby.
What else do I need to know before deciding what to do?
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21. Real-Life Scenario II
You manage a group of 20 volunteers doing trail construction in a
state forest.
Volunteers must be housed in congregate living with no individual
rooms, shared sleeping and bathroom facilities, and limited privacy.
Alex, a transgender volunteer, expresses concern to you about how
others will treat him and his potential exposure to fears,
discrimination or prejudice from other workers.
Alex asks to be allowed to stay in a private hotel room nearby.
What are some possible courses of action I could take?
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22. Real-Life Scenario II
You manage a group of 20 volunteers doing trail construction in
a state forest.
Volunteers must be housed in congregate living with no
individual rooms, shared sleeping and bathroom facilities, and
limited privacy.
Alex, a transgender volunteer, expresses concern to you about
how others will treat him and his potential exposure to fears,
discrimination or prejudice from other workers.
Alex asks to be allowed to stay in a private hotel room nearby.
What might I learn from this situation?
How could it be prevented in the future?CCVA 2014
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23. Ideas for “Exercising” Ethics
Develop or revisit an organizational code of ethics
Discuss ethics at staff and volunteer orientation
Use scenarios as a discussion starter
Focus on each core value at staff or board meetings
Convene a training on ethical decision-making, and
practice on examples from fellow professionals
Find colleagues to serve as a “sounding board”
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24. Related Resources
Independent Sector (sample codes)
www.independentsector.org
Professional Ethics in Volunteer Administration
www.cvacert.org
How Good People Make Tough Choices: Resolving the
Dilemmas of Ethical Living, by Rushworth M. Kidder
Josephson Institute of Ethics www.josephsoninstitute.org
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