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Ethers
- 1. ETHERS John Cedric Malayag Samantha Elizabeth Sequito Dessi Raye Tan
- 2. Ether comes from the Latin aether, means “to ignite”. High vapor pressure at room temperature, which makes them very flammable.
- 3. An ether is an organic compound in which an oxygen atom is bonded to two carbon atoms by single bonds.
- 8. Note that unlike alcohols and phenols, ethers do not possess a hydroxyl (—OH) group.
- 11. Ethyl methyl ether (methoxyethane) Diethyl ether (ethoxyethane) Dipropyl ether (1 – propxypropane)
- 13. Ether in the molecule of which the two ligands on the ether group are different.
- 14. Name both hydrocarbon groups bonded to the oxygen atom in alphabetical order and add the word ether, separating the words with a space. CHɜ—O—CH2—CHɜ Ethyl methyl ether CHɜ—CH2—O— Ethyl phenyl ether
- 16. Ether in the molecule of which the two ligands on the ether group are identical.
- 17. Name the alkyl group, add the prefix di- , and then add the word ether, separating the words with a space. CHɜ—O—CHɜ Dimethyl ether CHɜ—CH2—O—CH2—CHɜ Diethyl ether
- 18. ALKOXY GROUP
- 19. Is an — OR group, an akyl/aryl group attached to an oxygen atom. Examples: CHɜ—O— CHɜ—CH2—O— Methoxy group Ethoxy group CHɜ—CH2—CH2—O— Propoxy group
- 20. RULES FOR NAMING AN ETHER USING THE IUPAC SYSTEM
- 21. Rule 1: Select the longest carbon chain and use its name as the base name. Rule 2: Change the –yl ending of the other hydrocarbon group to –oxy to obtain the alkoxy group name; methyl becomes methoxy, ethyl becomes ethoxy, etc. Rule 3: Place the alkoxy name with a locator number, infront of the base chain name.
- 23. CHɜ—O—CH2—CH2—CH2—CHɜ 1 - Methoxybutane CHɜ—CH—CH2—O—CH2—CHɜ | CHɜ 1- Ethoxy – 2-methylproprane
- 26. Ethers contain two carbon chains (two alkyl groups), unlike the one carbon chain found in alcohols.
- 28. CHɜ—CH2—O—CH2—CHɜ Diethyl ether CHɜ—O—CH2—CH2—CH2—CHɜ Methyl propyl ether CHɜ—O—CH—CHɜ CHɜ Isopropyl methyl ether
- 31. Are constitutional isomers that contain different functional groups.
- 32. CHɜ—CH2—O—CHɜ Ethyl methyl ether CHɜ—CH2—CH2—OH Propyl alcohol CHɜ—CH—OH CHɜ Isopropyl alcohol
- 34. The boiling points of ethers are similar to those of alkanes of comparable molecular mass and are much lower than those of alcohols of comparable molecular mass.
- 35. Alkane CHɜ—CH2—CH2—CH2—CHɜ Mol. Mass = 72 amu bp=36°C Ether CHɜ—CH2—O—CH2—CHɜ Mol. Mass = 74 amu bp=35°C Alcohol CHɜ—CH2—CH2—CH2—OH Mol. Mass = 74 amu bp=117°C
- 36. The much higher boiling point of the alcohol results from hydrogen bonding between alcohol molecules.
- 37. Gas Liquid
- 38. Ether are more soluble in water than are alkanes Similar to alcohols of the same molecular mass.
- 39. TWO CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ETHERS ARE SPECIALLY IMPORTANT
- 40. Ethers are flammable. Ethers react slowly with oxygen from the air to form unstable hydroperoxides and peroxides.
- 42. CYCLIC ETHERS
- 43. Cyclic ethers contain ether functional groups as part of a ring system.
- 44. ETHYLENE OXIDE
- 46. FURAN
- 47. PYRAN
- 49. Is a cyclic organic compound in which one or more of the carbon atoms in the ring have been replaced with atoms of other elements.