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Erasmus Bucarest Romania 1920
- 1. DEMOCRATIC SUCCESS IN SPAIN Escola Garbí, Catalonia, Spain
- 2. 1. Franco dictatorship 2. Francoist Spain 3. John Charles Bourbon as a successor 4. Political opposition in secrecy 5. Dictator’s death 6. Democratic transition 7. Mobilisations during transition 8. Legalisation of political parties 9. June 1977 elections 10. Situation in Catalonia 11.1978 constitution 12.Statute of Autonomy and elections in Catalonia INDEX
- 3. FRANCO DICTATORSHIP (Ferrol, 4 December of 1892 - Madrid, 20 November of 1975) Francisco Franco Bahamonde Part of the military leadership that took part in the 1936 Coup. Leader of the right-wing policy party The Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista (FET and ONS). Chief of the insurgent camp in the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) After war, he became Head of state in Spain (1 October of 1936 - 20 November of 1975).General of the Armed Forces and dictator
- 4. FRANCOIST SPAIN Suppressed free speech and political opposition Unchallenged power of the Church (particularly in children’s education and orphanages) Women with few rights (couldn’t have a job, a driver license, a passport, or own property without their husband’s permission) Spain isolated from the rest of Europe 1960: Economic boom with new tourist industry CATALONIA: Statute of Autonomy and its associated institutions were abolished. Repression of Catalan culture.
- 5. Compilation of fundamental laws that provided the succession of Head of State level to John Charles JOHN CHARLES BOURBON AS A SUCCESSOR He would come king when Franco died 5 January of 1938 (81) Juan Carlos Alfonso Victor María de Borbón y Borbón Dos Silicias State Organic Laws 1966 and 1967 Organic Laws of the 1969 movement
- 6. https://images.app.goo.gl/BeXehLjXBVWmrdRt9 POLITICAL OPPOSITION IN SECRECY https://images.app.goo.gl/7HFevyJc75cihVj C6 The Montserrat community is a referent of anti-Franco ideas Demonstration of priests Closing in 1970. Burgos trial Judgement to sixteen people of terrorism Political parties that are hidden Their leaders are persecuted by the police until 1972
- 7. POLITICAL OPPOSITION IN SECRECY Attack of ETA to Carrero Blanco (president of the government) in June 1973 https://images.app.goo.gl/BwcJiTc3zm1u 2qZi6 Death penalty to Salvador Puig Antich on March 2 of 1974 ttps://images.app.goo.gl/hyh6KoQFFqSPQQhU6 Artistic movement that during the Franco dictatorship reclaimed the normal use of language https://images.app.goo.gl/s3XVn8Le7eMGm9Xb6 Hunger strike to protest for the political prisoners
- 8. DICTATOR’S DEATH The dictator is hospitalized because he is sick. 20 of November of 1975 Francisco Franco dies. He signs a political will leaving his succession to John Charles. 23 of November he is buried in Valle de los Caídos (memorial to supposedly honor the fallen of the Spanish Civil War). Spain is paralyzed for weeks after dictator's death.
- 9. DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION https://www.eldiario.es/eldiarioex/sociedad/Extr emadura-Transicion-Democratica-congreso- Caceres_0_581292926.html November 22, 1975, first speech by John Charles I in his crown. LEGION PRESENTATION DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION
- 14. STATUTE OF AUTONOMY AND ELECTIONS IN CATALONIA Jordi Pujol Adolfo SuárezNarcís Serra
- 15. THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION ! Escola Garbí, Catalonia, Spain
Editor's Notes
- Good morning we are the students form Catalonia, Spain and now we are going to show you our presentation of the triumph of democracy in our country.
- First of all we are going to talk about the dictator and how was Francois Spain, then we are going to see who was his successor and finally we will explain the transition to democracy in Spain and Catalonia.
- Francisco Franco bahamonde was a general of the armed forces and a dictator. He took part in the military leadership of the 1936 coup. He was leader of the right-wing policy party called The Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista Beteró know as (FET and ONS). Franco was Chief of the insurgent camp in the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) When the conflict ended he became Head of state in Spain on 1 of October of 1936 until 20 of November of 1975.
- In all this years of dictatorship, the way of living in spain changed completely. Citizens had supressed free speech and political opotision partys. The church had unchallenged power specially in children's education and orphanages. Women had few rights so they couldn’t have a job, a driver license, a passport, or own property without their husband’s permission. Throughout this stage Spain was very isolated from Europe because most of countries dindn't share their way of “organizing” the country. It's also true that around 1960 Spain improved a bit economy and had a lot of tourist industry. Franco dictatorship affected a lot to catalonia because the Statute of Autonomy and its associated institutions were abolished. Also there was a Repression of all kinds of Catalan culture.
- Some years before Franco died, he started to arrange some laws to leave his charge to Juan Carlos I. State Organic Laws 1966 and 1967 and Organic Laws of the 1969 movement were a Compilation of fundamental laws that provided the succession of Head of State level to one person. So John Charles would become king I.F Franco died of give up his position as head of state.
- November 22, 1975, first speech by Joan Carles I in his crown. LEGION PRESENTATION DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION EO1.1-ES-RE-ERASMUS TRIUMHP OF EUROPE -CURS 19-20Ed. • The king ratifies Carlos Arias Navarro as president of the government (he was the president of thegovernment with Franco) • February 1976 demonstrations in favor of the political amnesty in Barcelona summoned by the Assembly of Catalonia • Celebration of May I with hard political repression. Labor Party XXX Congress of the UGT first public act although it is still a clandestine entity • The Assembly of Catalonia demands the restoration of the Generalitat with the return of his president in exile. Josep Tarradellas. • Summer 1976 March of Freedom • September 11, 1976 concentration in Sant Boi del Llobregat 100,000 people .
- Demonstrating freedom, democracy and self-government. • Political reform. Adolfo Suarez, president of the government. Law on political reform 4 January 1977 . • General elections. • Black week GRAPO kidnaps the president of the State Council. The same week A student dies in a proamnist rally. An extreme right group Assassin in his office 5 labor lawyers.
- The political parties were legalized from December of 1976 to April of 1977 some of them were Felipe Gonzalez of the PSOE, Santiago Carrillo of the PCE among others parties The elections were convened on June 15, 1977 These elections were won by the UCD political party
- Meanwhile, in Catalonia, they recovered the Catalan Generalitat with a demonstration of the eleventh of September 1977, calling for Catalan autonomy. Tarradelles later returned to a Catalan president who was in exile and was set up as provisional president on October 23, 1977.
- The constitution of 1978 made the king the Head of State, making Spain a Parliamentary monarchy, also introduced a bicameral system with the Senate and the Congress of deputies. An important thing about the constitution is the option that each autonomous region was able to have its own Congress and decide things on its own. Nowadays Spain is still having this Constitution and has not changed any part in it.
- In Spain democracy is consolidated with legislative elections and on March 1, 1979 they give the presidency of the government to Adolfo Suarez of the UCD party. In the presence of the Generalitat of Catalonia, he won CDC with Jordi Pujol as president and as mayor of the city of Barcelona, he won the PCS party with Narcis Serra as mayor.