The Era of Good Feelings in the US following the War of 1812 was characterized by a heightened sense of nationalism, optimism about the country's future, and reduced sectionalism and political divisions. There was a decline in political parties, particularly the Federalists, after their opposition to the war. The period saw economic nationalism through measures like tariffs and the Second Bank of the US, as well as judicial nationalism under Chief Justice John Marshall that strengthened the federal government. Territorially, the US expanded its borders through treaties like the Adams-Onis Treaty and asserted its influence through the Monroe Doctrine.
The Missouri Compromise was the result of the first debate in Congress concerning the spread of slavery, occurring in 1819-1820. When Missouri applied for admission into the Union, many in Congress objected to Missouri's admission as a slave state, supporting the Tallmadge Amendment that would have made gradual emancipation a condition for admission. When the Senate and the House could not agree on whether to pass the bill with or without the Tallmadge Amendment (the slave states had more influence in the Senate), Henry Clay proposed a compromise that brought Missouri into the Union as a slave state on the condition that Maine also be brought in as a free state and that all territories in the Louisiana Purchase north of the 36˚30 parallel be closed to slavery.
While many congratulated Henry Clay on a job well done, Thomas Jefferson worried greatly from his retirement at Monticello. He believed that the Missouri debate would only be the first of several debates regarding slavery and its expansion. While an opponent of the idea of slavery in the abstract, he did not see a path toward a practical end of slavery in the immediate future. With Jefferson's predictions coming true and the period between 1820-1860 being filled with debates concerning slavery, historians have often placed the Missouri Compromise at the beginning of the Antebellum (Before the War) Period.
For more PowerPoints for history and government courses, visit my website: http://www.tomrichey.net
The Missouri Compromise was the result of the first debate in Congress concerning the spread of slavery, occurring in 1819-1820. When Missouri applied for admission into the Union, many in Congress objected to Missouri's admission as a slave state, supporting the Tallmadge Amendment that would have made gradual emancipation a condition for admission. When the Senate and the House could not agree on whether to pass the bill with or without the Tallmadge Amendment (the slave states had more influence in the Senate), Henry Clay proposed a compromise that brought Missouri into the Union as a slave state on the condition that Maine also be brought in as a free state and that all territories in the Louisiana Purchase north of the 36˚30 parallel be closed to slavery.
While many congratulated Henry Clay on a job well done, Thomas Jefferson worried greatly from his retirement at Monticello. He believed that the Missouri debate would only be the first of several debates regarding slavery and its expansion. While an opponent of the idea of slavery in the abstract, he did not see a path toward a practical end of slavery in the immediate future. With Jefferson's predictions coming true and the period between 1820-1860 being filled with debates concerning slavery, historians have often placed the Missouri Compromise at the beginning of the Antebellum (Before the War) Period.
For more PowerPoints for history and government courses, visit my website: http://www.tomrichey.net
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2. Era of Good Feeling
▪ “Never did a government
commence under auspices
so favorable. . . . If we
look to the history of
other nations, ancient or
modern, we find no
example of a growth so
rapid, so gigantic, of a
people so prosperous and
happy. “
3. What are the characteristics of the Era of
Good Feelings?
4. Era of Good Feeling
▪ After War of 1812 a heightened sense of
Nationalism
▪ Battle of New Orleans
▪ U.S. can now capable of defend itself
against a world power.
5. Era of Good Feeling
▪ Decline of economic and political
dependence on Europe
▪ Westward expansion and optimism about
the future
▪ Americans began to see themselves as
Americans first and state citizens second.
8. Election of 1816
▪ The Federalists, all
but disappeared
after of the War of
1812
▪ Federalist
opposition to the
war
9. Election of 1816
▪ Death of Federalist
party temporarily
reduced
sectionalism
▪ Reduced the states’
rights sentiment
10. Election of 1816
▪ The public saw the
party as unpatriotic
and possibly
treasonous
▪ Many members
abandoned the
party name
altogether.
11. Economic Nationalism
▪ Create a new national bank
▪ Protect American manufactures from
foreign competition
▪ Building canals and roads to improve
transportation
12. 2nd Bank of the United States
▪ The US found itself in circumstances
similar
▪ Mounting debt from a war with England,
▪ High prices,
▪ Devalued money from rising inflation.
13. Was a Bank a good idea?
▪ 20 year charter
▪ Would it get renewed?
▪ Promoted by the Federalists
▪ They had lost power – remember?
14. The Second Bank
▪ Republicans
opposed the bank
▪ State banks grew
and charged higher
rates
15. The Second Bank
▪ Created in 1816
▪ Given power to
• issue notes for
national currency
• control state banks
16. Tariff and Transportation
• British goods were
cheaper after the war
and dumped on US
markets
• Almost impossible to
compete with the
cheap foreign imports.
17. Tariff of 1816
▪ US had maintained a revenue tariff
▪ intended to provide government income.
▪ A protective tariff, would protect the US business
from foreign competition.
18. Tariff of 1816
• Protective tariff
• Temporary
• Taxed imports to
make them more
expensive
• 20%-25%
19. Tariff of 1816
• Difficult transition from
war time to peacetime
20. Tariff of 1816
• Opposed by
southern cotton
farmers
• NE shippers would
not benefit as much
- but as a whole they
would
22. The American System - Roads
▪ Build numerous new
roads to make travel
easier.
▪ Promote business
between states and
encourage travel;
▪ Tie the country
together.
24. The American System - Tariffs
▪ Tax on imported
goods.
▪ More money for the
government; it needs
more money to pay
for roads (and other
improvements).
“protective” tariff
25. Federal internal improvement plan
▪ Madison vetoed
▪ Nothing in the
Constitution
about spending
money this way
▪ Private enterprises
were begun
26. Judicial Nationalism
▪ John Marshall
▪ Chief Justice for thirty-four
years.
▪ Remembered for the landmark
decisions he made while Chief
Justice of the United States
▪ Decisions that have shaped the
country in important and
historic ways.
28. John Marshall
▪ Decisions that have
shaped the country
in historic ways.
▪ His landmark
decisions
strengthened the
judicial branch of
government
29. John Marshall
▪ Defined the 3
branch system
▪ Many scholars hold
that Marshall the
doctrine of judicial
review.
30. McCulloh v. Maryland (1819)
• Court ruled that Congress had implied powers create
the Second Bank of the United States
• The state of Maryland lacked the power to tax the
Bank.
• Gave Congress broad discretionary power to
implement the enumerated powers, but also
repudiated, the radical states' rights arguments
31. Gibbons v.Ogden (1824)
• Vastly expanded the powers of Congress through a
single clause in the Constitution: the Commerce Clause
of Article I, Section 8.
• The Court ruled that under that clause Congress had
powers to regulate any aspect of commerce that crossed
state lines
• Such regulation preempted conflicting regulation by the
states.
32. Martin v. Hunter Lessee (1816)
• The Court has the authority to hear all appeals of
state court decisions in cases of federal statutes and
treaties
• Court is the nation’s last court of appeal
34. The Convention of 1818
▪ Treaty with Canada
▪ American
fishermen could
now fish in
Canadian Waters.
▪ Fixed the U.S.-
Canada border
from Minnesota to
the Rockies.
35. Nationalist Diplomacy
▪ The US looks to expand it borders
▪ Jackson Invasion of Florida (slave expedition)
• Florida was Spanish territory, US law did not apply
• Creek – Seminole begin to attack GA from Florida
• Spain could not control the border – US must
do something
36. Nationalist Diplomacy
▪ John Quincy Adams backs Jackson and blames
Spain
• Spain in the midst of serious internal problems its
colonies out west were on the brink of revolution
is convinced to give FLA to the US
37. Adams-Onis Treaty 1819
• Drew a definite border
between Spanish land and
the Louisiana Territory
• Spain retained possession
of Texas, California and
the region of New Mexico.
38. Adams-Onis Treaty 1819
• Mandated that Spain relinquish
its claims to the country of
Oregon north of the 42 degrees
parallel
• US agreed to pay its citizens’
claims against Spain up to $5
Million.
39.
40.
41. Monroe Doctrine 1823
• Spanish colonies
were in revolution
• Quadruple Alliance
• The Concert of
Europe 1815
• To enforce the
decisions of the
Congress of
Vienna.
42. Monroe Doctrine 1823
• Britain look to issue a joint statement
• US wants to go it alone
• The United States would not get involved
in European affairs.
• The United States would not interfere
with existing European colonies in the
Western Hemisphere.
• No other nation could form a new colony
in the Western Hemisphere.