EOHS Awareness Trg.ppt

Revision No. NNCPL/PPT/003 Version No. 3.0 Date: 6/11/07 1
EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
No. 36, Mukta Building,
8th Main, 18th Cross,
Malleswaram,
Bangalore - 560 055,
INDIA
Phone : 91-080-23440703, 23311622
E-mail : rcnathan@blr.vsnl.net.in
Website : www.nncpl.com
EOHMS
Contact
NATHAN & NATHAN CONSULTANTS PVT. LTD.,
[
TRAINING PROGRAMME ON
ENVIRONMENT, OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
ENVIRONMENT, OCCUPATIONAL
HEALTH AND SAFETY
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
ISO 9000 CUSTOMER SATISFACTION
ISO 14001 INTERESTED PARTIES &
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
OHSAS 18001 INTRESTED PARTIES & SAFE
WORK ENVIRONMENT
PRODUCTION
PHILOSOPHY OF ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
ENVIRONMENT
CUSTOMER
INDUSTRY
ENVIRONVIRONMENT
(POLLUTED)
Raw materials, energy Water, Air, Resources etc.
Non – product waste Wastes & waste product
PHILOSOPHY

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
1. AIR POLLUTION.
2. WATER POLLUTION.
3. NOISE POLLUTION.
4. LAND CONTAMINATION.
POLLUTION

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
AIR POLLUTION
POLLUTION
Phenomenon: Imbalance in air quality
Cause:Presence of foreign substances
Source: Natural and anthropogenic sources

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Harmful Air pollutants
POLLUTION
Total Suspended Particulate Matter
Oxides of nitrogen and Sulphur
Carbon monoxide and dioxide
Hydrocarbons
Impacts of air pollution
Human Beings: Eye irritation,allergy,Asthma,Lung cancer etc,
Plants: Suppressed Natural growth and decreased yield.
Deleterious effects on animals
Damage to materials

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Nathan and Nathan Consultants Pvt.
Ltd 7
PLLOUTION
WATER POLLUTION
Phenomenon: Degradation of water quality
Cause:Presence of substances that constitute hazard
or impair its usefulness
Source: Natural and anthropogenic sources

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Ltd 8
POLLUTION
Harmful Water pollutants
 Organic matter and microorganisms
 Heavy metals and chemical substances
 Nitrates, phosphates,chlorides,sulphates
 Insecticides and pesticides
Impacts of water pollution
Health hazards: Cholera, Gastroenteritis,Jaundice,
Malaria etc.,
Decreased potability of water
Retarded growth and yield of crops
Effect on structure and Function of aquatic ecosystem

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Ltd 9
POLLUTION
NOISE POLLUTION
Phenomenon: Discomfort or Nuisance
Cause: Undesirable sound
Source: Anthropogenic sources

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Ltd 10
POLLUTION
EFFECTS OF NOISE POLLUTION
Increased general stress
Elevated blood pressure
Stroke/heart attack
Hearing impairment
Sleep interference

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Ltd 11
POLLUTION
LAND CONTAMINATION
Phenomenon: Degradation of fertile lands
Cause : Presence of foreign substances
Sources: Anthropogenic sources

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Ltd 12
POLLUTION
Sources of Land Contamination:
Solid wastes generated in the urban areas.
Usage of excess of Fertilizers and Insecticides.
Improper agricultural practices
Release of effluents from the Industrial activities
Effects of Land Contamination:
Loss of fertile land for cultivation
Affects the growth of plants on the contaminated soil.

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Ltd 13
GLOBAL ISSUES

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Ltd 14
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
All the activities contributing towards contamination of
the environment have their impacts felt locally or
globally. Local effects may not be of much concern
worldwide. However, there are few activities whose
impacts are felt globally and these are termed as
"GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES".
Some of these issues that are of serious concern are:-
1. GLOBAL WARMING.
2. ACID RAIN.
3. OZONE DEPLETION.
4. DESERTIFICATION.
5. DEFORESTATION. (DEPLETION OF NATURAL
RESOURCES).
GLOBAL
ISSUES

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Ltd 15
GLOBAL WARMING
Warming up of the earth's surface due to blanketing effect
caused by the presence of certain gases in the atmosphere is
known as "global warming". This phenomenon is termed as
"green house gas effect".
Some of the important and potential green house gases
(GHG) are :
1. Carbon-dioxide.
2. Methane.
3. Nitrous oxide.
Sources of GHG emissions are:-
1. Fossil fuel based power plants, .
2. Emissions from automobiles,.
3. Emissions from industrial activities,.
4. Burning of fossil fuels and hydrocarbons.
GLOBAL
WARMING

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Ltd 16
GLOBAL WARMING
GLOBAL
WARMING

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Ltd 17
ACID RAIN
RAINFALL IS TERMED "ACIDIC", WHEN THE ph OF
RAINFALL IS LESS THAN 5.6. ( Literally it means the
presence of excessive acids in rain water.)
Gases responsible for the formation of acid rain are :
 Sulphur-dioxide.
 Carbon –dioxide.
 Nitrous oxide.
 Other oxides of nitrogen and sulphur.
Sources of emissions are:-
 Fossil fuel based power plants,.
 Emissions from automobiles,.
 Emissions from industrial activities,.
 Burning of fossil fuels and hydrocarbons .
ACID
RAIN

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Ltd 18
POLLUTED ATMOS.
ACID RAIN
ACID
RAIN

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Ltd 19
The role of ozone layer is very crucial and significant
because it acts as a protective shield in the biospheric
ecosystem, against their exposure to deadly and dangerous
ultra violet radiations.
OZONE LAYER DEPLETION
UV Rays
Sun
OZONE
DEPLETION

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Ltd 20
OZONE LAYER DEPLETION
SOME OF THE IMPORTANT AND POTENTIAL OZONE DEPLETING
SUBSTANCES ARE:
 FREON -11, 12, 22.
 FREON - 113, 114, 115.
 HALON - 1211, 1301, 2402.
 CARBON TETRA CHLORIDE.
 OTHER CHLORO FLURO CARBONS (CFC'S).
SOURCES OF CFC USAGE & EMISSIONS ARE:-
 AIR CONDITIONERS.
 REFRIGERATORS.
 FIRE EXTINGUISHERS.
 PERFUMES AND SPRAY CANS.
 WATER COOLERS.
OZONE
DEPLETION

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Ltd 21
DESERTIFICATION
Desertification is a phenomenon during which, the fertile lands
becomes degraded. This degraded land becomes unfit for
cultivation.
This phenomenon is extensively observed in the borders of
the desert regions. The main cause for this can be attributed
to deforestation and soil erosion.
DESERTIFCATION

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Ltd 22
DEFORESTATION & DEPLETION OF
NATURAL RESOURCES
IMPORTANT CAUSES FOR DEFORESTATION ARE :
 Rapid explosion of human and livestock
population.
 Increased requirement of timber and
fuelwood because of increase in population.
 Expansion of agricultural croplands for
farming and enhanced grazing by cattle.
 Construction of dams, power stations, roads,
highways, etc.
DEFORESTATION

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Ltd 23
INTRODUCTION

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Ltd 24
WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ?
This is a system of managing environment, which :-
 Means to ensure effective use of resources and
prevention of pollution.
 Characterized by notice assessment of environmental
impacts.
 Management commitment to compliance with
applicable laws and regulations.
 Opportunity for continual improvement of
environmental performance.
EMS

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
WHAT IS OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND
SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTM?
The system aims at enabling an organisation
to establish a comprehensive frame work for
occupational health and safety policy, setting
up objectives and to assess effectiveness the
management system
OHSAS

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
PROCESS OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCUPATIONAL
HEALTH & SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
To reduce / eliminate negative impacts (or to promote positive
impacts)
 This can be achieved by managing the aspects which gives
rise to the impact.
 Protect life & property,
 Provide safety and improve oh&s performance
 OHSAS 18001 addresses occupational health and safety (OH &
S ) rather than product safety.
EOHSMS
PROCESS

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
BENEFITS OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
An organization can be substantially benefited by effective
implementing EOHS management system:-
 Protect human health and the environment from the
potential impact of the activities, products and services.
 Assist in maintaining and improving the quality of the
environment.
 Resource conservation.
BENEFITS
OF
EOHSMS

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
BENEFITS OF EMS
 It encourages planned investment at the start of the project,
instead of forced investment in cleaning-up at the end.
 It is a long term investment and provides many in-tangible
benefits.
 Enhance image and market share by meeting customer
environmental expectations.
 Maintain good public and community relations.
 Satisfy vendor certification criteria.
 Provide effective technology development and transfer.
BENEFITS
OF
EMS

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
BENEFITS OF OHSAS
• Reducing the number of injuries through prevention and
control of workplace hazards.
• Legal compliance
• Reducing the risk of major accidents.
• Improved internal safety management.
• Improved relation with authorities and provides
confidence to its interested parties such as government,
stake holders etc…
BENEFITS
OF
OHSAS

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
EVOLUTION

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
EVOLUTION OF ISO 14001 STANDARDS
 ISO 14001 standard was conceived during the earth
summit held in Rio De Janeiro, Brazil in the year 1992.
 Sustainable development is the principle for development
of ISO 14001.
 ISO published revised, improved versions of its ISO
14001 and ISO 14004 standards on 15th November 2004
and expects them to put the benefits of implementing an
Environmental Management System (EMS) within the
reach of an even greater number and variety of
organizations worldwide.
EVOLUTION
OF
EMS

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
EVOLUTION OF OHSAS 18000
Developed by National standard bodies, certification bodies and
specialists
• BS 8800 : 1996
• OHSAS : 1999
• Latest update – OHSAS 18001:2007 standard
Compactable with ISO9000 & ISO14000 standards
EVOLUTION
OF
OHSAS

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
SURVEY
• Approximately 4 million death per year due to
accident
• Worker’s Compensation Medical : 3.6 billion in 1999-
2000 (increase of >70% or >1.5 billion since 1994)
• Physician’s costs : 2.2 billion years in 2002, up 85%
since 1994.
• All other medical costs have rose 53% in the 2002.
SURVEY

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
According to research by a safety institute in
USA , the rate of accidents occurring in
factories can be interpreted roughly as
• Fatal accidents = 1
• Minor Injuries = 13
• Near misses = 600
SAFETY
RESULTS

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
DEFINITIONS
ENVIRONMENT : The surrounding in which an organization
operates, including air, water, land, natural resources, flora and
fauna, human beings and their inter-relationship.
POLLUTION: The adverse impact resulting from an organization's
activities that create and change the environment
INTERESTED PARTY: Individual or group concerned with or
affected by environmental and oh&s performance of an
organization.
HAZARD The source or situation with a potential to cause harm in
terms of human injury, ill health, damage to property, damage to
workplace environment, or a combination of these.
RISK The likelihood and consequence of a specified hazardous event
occurring.
SAFETY Freedom from unacceptable risk of harm
DEFINITIONS

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
ACCIDENT Undesired event giving rise to death, ill
health, injury, damage or other loss
INCIDENT Event that give rise to an accident or had the
potential to lead to an accident
TOLERABLE RISK Risk that has been reduced to a level
that can be endured by the organization having regard to
its legal obligations and its own OH&S Policy.
DEFINITIONS

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECT: Element of an organization's
activities, products or services that can interact with the environment
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT: Any change in the
environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially
resulting from an organization's activities, products or services.
E.g.:-
ACTIVITY ASPECT IMPACT
Burning coal Emission of SO2 Acid rain
Treating pulp Discharge of chlorine Water
pollution
DEFINITIONS

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
CASE STUDIES: 1
3 workers died and 4 were injured in 1997 at Max
Pharma, Nanjangud when Hydrogen Disulfide, a gas
used for bulk drug manufacturing, built up pressure in
the holding tank resulting in bursting of the tank. The
reason due to non-functioning of safety valves.
CASE
STUDY

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
CASE STUDIES: 2
The leak of Ammonia gas, which is corrosive to skin,
killed 3 workers in Mangalore Chemicals and fertilizers,
Mangalore in December 2000. Reason was lack of
proper maintenance of the conveying pipes and holding
tanks.
CASE
STUDY

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
CASE STUDIES: 3
The scale of Chernobyl nuclear disaster (Kiev, Russia) is so
much greater that even now the children of the affected are
born with deformed parts. It happened on 25th-26th April
1986 when the chain reaction in the nuclear reactor went
out of control due to safety lapses and the reactor bursted.
30 people were killed due to high intensity radiation and
thousands evacuated.
CASE
STUDY

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
AIM
Protects life & Property
Provides safety
Improves OH&S Performance
AIM

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
FOCUS
OHSAS 18001 focus on Occupational Health and
Safety rather than Product Safety.
FOCUS

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
TYPES OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS
• Physical - Fall from heights, flying splinters etc,
• Chemical - Gas inhalation, ingestion of chemicals etc,
• Biological - Bacterial infection, viral infection etc.
• Ergonomic - Repeated movement
• Others – Confined spaces, occupational hazards,
radiation hazards
HAZARDS

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Roof Cleaning
ROOF
CLEANING

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Roof Work
ROOF
WORK

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Poor Storage
POOR
STORAGE

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Working at height
WORKING
AT
HEIGHT

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Working Without Goggles
WORKING
WITHOUT
GOGGLES

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Hazard is a source of danger (ie, material, energy
source, or operation) with the potential to cause
illness, injury, or death to personnel or damage to a
facility or the environment.
A risk is the probability of a hazard resulting in an
injury or disease, together with the seriousness of the
injury or disease. For example, electricity is a hazard
but may not necessarily be a risk unless it is
incorrectly wired, or wiring is exposed.
HAZARD

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
TYPES OF HAZARD:
I. Physical hazard
II. Chemical hazard
III. Biological hazard
IV. Ergonomics
TYPES

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
1. Work activity Hazard
2. Penetration Hazard
3. Mechanical Hazard
4. Dust Hazard
5. Work Environment Hazard
6. Electrical Hazard
7. Thermal Hazard
8. Fire And Explosion Hazard
I. PHYSICAL HAZARD CATEGORIES COVERED
PHYSICAL
HAZARD

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Sources of hazard include:
1. Chipping
2. Grinding
3. Sanding
4 . Chiseling
5. Drilling
6. Sawing
7. Riveting
8. Nailing
9. Others
Causes of hazards:
1. Handling
2. Strike
3. Struck by
3. Slips & trips
4. Transport
5. Loading/ unloading
6. Particles penetrating into
eye
7. Noise
8. Dust generation
9. Others
1. Work Activity Hazard:
PHYSICAL
HAZARD

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
2. Penetration Hazard
Sources of hazards:
1. Sharp objects
2. Metal chips, shavings
3. Pinch projections
4. Grinding
5. Drilling
6. Chiseling
7. Sawing
8. Riveting
9. Others
Causes of hazard:
1. Unsafe/ incorrect handling
2. Transport
3. Struck by
4. Loads sharp edges
5. Others
PHYSICAL
HAZARD

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
3. Mechanical Hazard:
Sources of hazard:
1.Vehicles
2.Machinery/ moving equipment
3.Pressure equipment
4.Vibration
5.Others
Causes of hazard:
1.Unsafe/ incorrect handling
2.Transport
3.Struck by
4.Loads sharp edges
5.Others
PHYSICAL
HAZARD

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Causes :
1.Inhalation
2.Penetration into eyes
3.Exposure
4.Others
4. Dust Hazard :
Sources of hazard :
1.Buffing
2.Loading or unloading
3.Sand blasting
4.Wood cutting
5. Grinding
6.Drilling
7.Chiseling
8.Sawing
9.Others
PHYSICAL
HAZARD

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Risks of hazard:
1.Injury
2.Death
3.Electrocution
4.Accidents
5.Conjession
6.Fall from height
7.Suffocation
8.Slippages
9.Discomfort
Causes of hazards:
1.Working in cold
temperatures or handling
cold items;
2.Layout
3.Floor space
4.Noise
5.Cables or air lines
6.Working at heights
7.House keeping
8.Air circulation
9.Spillages
10.Humidity
11.Dim light
12.Shadow or glare which
causes a worker to adopt an
awkward position to see better.
5. Work Environment Hazard
PHYSICAL
HAZARD

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Sources/Cause of hazard:
1.Energized switch gear/
equipment
2.Energized lines
3.Short circuits
4.Loose connections
5.Open wires
6.Others
Risks:
1.Death
2.Electrocution
3.Others
6. Electrical hazard
PHYSICAL
HAZARD

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Sources/causes of hazard:
1.Cryogenic fluids
2.Heat treatment
3.Brazing
4.Welding
5.Furnace or boiler operations
6.Oxygen cutting
7.Steam
8.Extreme weather
9.Others
Risks:
1.Inflammation
2.Pain in muscles
3.Heat strokes
4.Calves pain
5.Abdominal pain
6.Hypothermia
7.Cryogenic fluids
8.Others
7. Thermal Hazards
PHYSICAL
HAZARD

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
8. Fire & Explosion Hazards:
Sources/causes of hazard:
1.Petrol
2.LPG
3.Varnishes
4.Paints
5.Mists
6.Pressure conduits
7.Solvents
8.Dust from milling & sanding operations
9.Others
Risks:
1.Burns
2.Injury
3.Potential risk of death
4.Material damage
5.Others
PHYSICAL
HAZARD

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
PHYSICAL HAZARDS - COMMON BODY PARTS AFFECTED
1.Head
2.Face
3.Eyes
4.Hands
5.Foot
6.Body
7.Tongue
8.Others
PHYSICAL
HAZARD

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Risks Of Physical Hazards
1. Respiratory disorders
2. Hearing impairment
3. Injuries
4. Accidents
5. Upper limb disorders
6. Cuts
7. Death
8. Fire and explosion
9. Property damage
10. Burns
11. Loss of eye sight
12. Skin abrasions
13. Eye irritation
14. Cancer
15. Others
PHYSICAL
HAZARD

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
II. CHEMICAL HAZARD
1. General Chemical Hazards
2. Cryogenic Fluid Hazards
CHEMICAL
HAZARD

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Sources of hazard:
1.Carcinogens
2.Genotoxins
3.Irritants
4.Oils/fuels
5.Sensiting agents
6.Toxic substances
7.Solvents
8.Acids/ alkalies
9.Methylated spirits
10.Others
Causes :
1.Use of dangerous substances
2.Transport
3.Spill
4.Handling
5.Slips and trips
6.Struck by
7.Others
1. General Chemical Hazards
CHEMICAL
HAZARD

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
2. Cryogenic Fluid Hazards
Sources:
1. Condensation of O2
2. Release of Cryogenic fluids
3. Pressurization
4. Cold stress to material
CHEMICAL
HAZARD
Causes:
1. Nitrogen
2. Helium
3. Argon

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
III. BIOLOGICAL HAZARD
1. Field Work Activities Hazards
2. Contamination Hazard
BIOLOGICAL
HAZARD

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
1. Field Work Activities Hazards:
Sources of hazard :
1.Sample collection
2.Bush walking
3.Traverse on foot
4.Animal bite
5.Insect bite
6.Poisonous plants or weeds
7.Allergens
8.Others
Risks:
2.Allergy
3.Others
BIOLOGICAL
HAZARD

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
2. Contamination Hazard:
Sources of hazard:
1.Infection due to sanitation
2.Infected employees
3.Water borne
4.Soil borne
5.Waste borne
6.Food borne
7.Air borne
8.Others
Causes:
1.Contaminated water, air,& soil
2.Indoor airborne particulates
3.Epidemic diseases
4.Infectious diseases
5.Others
Risks:
1.Viral fever
2.Cholera
3.Food poisonin
4.Allergy
6.Others
BIOLOGICAL
HAZARD

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Causes:
1.Culture
2.Demandsofthejob
3.Control
4.Relationship
5.Change
6.Support and individual
1.Physical Hazard
2.Psychological Hazard
IV. ERGONOMICS :
ERGONOMICS

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
1.Physical hazards:
Sources of hazard:
1.Lifting
2.Pushing
3.Carrying or moving
4.Awkward postures
5.Putting down
6.Pulling
7.Bending/ twisting
8.VDUs
9.Others
Body parts affected :
1.Head
2.Foot
3.Hand
4.Tongue
5.Ear
6.Eyes
7.Face
8.Others
ERGONOMICS

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Risks:
1.Upper limb disorders like pain / ache in
shoulders / forearm/ elbow / wrist/ fingers &
neck (Repetetive Strain Injury)
2.Stresses and strains on muscles, joints,
nerves, back pain
3.Loss of strength & Fitness
4.Adverse effects on the senses especially
vision, hearing & touch
5.Property damage
6.Beat disorder
ERGONOMICS

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
2. Psychological Hazards:
Sources of hazard :
1.Poor scheduling of shifts
2.Overtime work
3.Insufficient recovery
time between shifts
4.Work demands too high
or too low
5.Conflicting demands
6.Juggling shifts with domestic
responsibilities
7.Others
Risks:
1.Heart diseases
2.Depression
3.Frustration
4.Distress or fatigue
5.Mistakes & poor productivity
6.Headaches / other aches / pains
7.Nervous breakdown
ERGONOMICS

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
STANDARD REQUIREMENT

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
P D C A Cycle PLAN
DO
ACT
CHECK
 DEFINE POLICY
 PLAN -TO FULFILL THE COMMITMENT
 DO – IS IMPLEMENTATION AND OPERATION – DO WHAT IS
DOCUMENTED
 CHECK – IS MONITORING AND MEASUREMENT
 ACT – IS TO TAKE CORRECTIVE & PREVENTIVE ACTION FOR
DEVIATIONS AND REVIEW THE SYSTEM
REVIEW WILL CHANGE THE PLANS AND THE CYCLE CONTINUES
……

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
ELEMENTS of EOHS
• Policy Statement
• Identification of Significant Aspects / Risks.
• Deployment of EOHS policy
• Legal & Other Requirements.
• Development of Objectives and Targets
• Implementation Plan to Meet Objectives and Targets
• Training
• Internal audit
• CAPA
• Management Review
KEY
ELEMENTS
OF
EOHS

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
EMS 14001 / OHSAS 18001 Requirements
4.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
• Commitment & Policy
• Planning-Plan to fulfill the policy
• Implementation- Put the plan in action with resources and
support mechanism
• Measurement & evaluation - Measure & Monitor performance
against set objectives & targets
• Review and Improvement - To achieve improvements in overall
safety performance
REQUIREMENTS

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
4.2 EOH & S POLICY
Top management commits to
• Comply with applicable EOH&S legislations & with
other requirements
• Pollution Prevention
 Resource conservation
 Legal compliance
 Continual improvement
 Reduction in accidents / incidents
 Improve employees Health & Safety
• Be available to public
EOH
&
S
POLICY

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
PLANNING
–
4.3
4.3 PLANNING
4.3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS/PLANNING FOR
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION ,RISK ASSESSMENT &
DETERMINATION OF CONTROLS
4.3.2 LEGAL & OTHER REQUIREMENTS
4.3.3 OBJECTIVES,TARGETS & PROGRAMS

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
4.3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS/PLANNING FOR
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT AND
DETERMINATION OF CONTROLS
ASPECTS
/
IMPACT
HAZARDS/RISKS
Identify Environmental aspects & Safety
Hazards
Determine significant impacts or Hazards
Set Environmental & Safety objectives
Draft operational control procedures
Establish other controls like monitoring
plan, medical plan, PPEP, training plan etc.

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Aspect &Impacts/Hazard & Risks
Identification
Impact Study/Risk assessment
EOH&S Objective or other Control Methods
The steps include the following

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Aspects & Impacts/Hazards & Risks
Identification Process
IDENTIFY
ASPECT
/
HAZARD
Process flow
Raw material
Waste generation
MSDS
Checklist /
work place hazard
Aspects / Impacts & Hazard/Risk List
Inputs
Output

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Impact/Risk Assessment Process
ASSESS
IMPACTS/
RISKS
Aspects & Impacts/
Hazard & Risk List
Inputs
Output
Significant Impact/
Risk Study Guideline
Significant Impact/Risk Assessment & Control Methods
List of Significant Aspects & Impacts/
Hazards & Risk

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Control Methods
PLAN
CONTROLS
Inputs
Output
Significant
Aspects
& Impacts /
Hazards
& Risk
Operation Control Procedure - OCP
Management Program -OHSMP
Health Plan
Emergency Manual
Performance Monitoring & Measurement Plan - PMP
Personnel Protective Equipment Plan
Training Plan

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
4.3.2 LEGAL AND OTHER REQUIREMENTS
Setting legal framework for the EOHSMS
• Have a procedure to identify and access the legal requirements
• Have a documented system for keeping up-to-date
• Communicate to the right people
• Identify Industry-specific requirements
• Other voluntary requirements
LEGAL
REQUIREMENTS

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
4.3.3 OBJECTIVES,TARGETS & PROGRAMME(S)
The organization shall establish and maintain documented environmental
objectives and targets.
Objectives Can include commitment to:
• Prevent pollution,
• Conserve natural resources,
• reduce risk of accidents
• reduce near miss
• design structure/ machine to avoid unsafe conditions
• Be realistic. Keep objectives SMART .
OBJECTIVES
&
PROGRAM

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
The following factors are considered while
establishing an objectives.
• Significant Impact / Risk assessment
• Legal requirement
• Business requirement
• Financial Option
• Technological Option
• Operational requirement
• Interested party concern
OBJECTIVES

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
PROGRAMS
It explains the action plan to achieve the Objectives
• What must be done
• By whom
• How
• By when
EOH
&
S
PROGRAM

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
4.4 IMPLEMENTATION AND OPERATION
4.4.1 Resources, Roles, responsibility, accountability &
authority.
4.4.2 Competence, Training & Awareness
4.4.3 Communication, Participation & Consultation
4.4.4 Documentation
4.4.5 Control of documents
4.4.6 Operation Control
4.4.7 Emergency Preparedness & response
IMPLEMENTATION
4.4

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
4.4.1 RESOURCES, ROLES, RESPONSIBILITY,
ACCOUNTABILITY & AUTHORITY
Organization must;
• Define, document and communicate Roles, Responsibilities
and authorities to implement EOHS
• Management shall ensure the Provision of resources
• Appoint Management Representative with defined
responsibility, authority and accountability
RESPONSIBILITY

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
4.4.2 COMPETENCE, TRAINING & AWARENESS
• Training to be provided to those personnel whose work may create
a significant impact on man or material or environment
(Including the contract personnel)
• Necessary training to be provided to the personal about the
potential consequences of departure from specified operating
procedures.
• Topics of Training for all employees – EOH&S Policy, Objectives,
Emergency preparedness, Operation control procedures – at the
respective areas
• Competence to be demonstrated through Training, experience,
Education & necessary records to be maintained.
TRAINING

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
4.4.3 –COMMUNICATION, PARTICIPATION &
CONSULTATION
Organization shall establish and maintain procedure for
• Internal communication between various levels and functions
within the organization.
• Receiving, documenting and responding to relevant communication
from external interested parties.
• Involve / participation the operators, contractors while
establishing OHSMS, especially in hazard identification, risk
assessments, determination of controls, in incident investigation,
in the development and review of OH&S policies / objectives;
COMMUNICATION

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
4.4.4 DOCUMENTATION
Documentation to ensure the core elements of the
management system & their interactions & provide the
directions to related documentations
Levels of Documentation:
• Level -1: EOHS Management System Manual
• Level -2: EOHS Management System Procedure
• Level -3: Work Instruction
• Level -4: Formats
DOCUMENTATION

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
4.4.5 CONTROL OF DOCUMENTS
• Locatable, Legible, dated.
• Periodically reviewed & Approved by authorized personnel
• Available at points of use with the current versions of the
pertinent document
• Identification & removal of Obsolete documents
DOCUMENT
CONTROL

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
4.4.6 OPERATION CONTROL
• Ensure that EOH&S performance meets the policy,
Objectives & Targets.
• Ensure activities are carried out in specified conditions
where their absence will lead to deviations from EOHS
policy.
• Operation control to detail on the operating criteria.
• Applicable operation control procedures to be communicated
to the suppliers & contractors.
OPERATION
CONTROL

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
4.4.7 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS &
RESPONSE
Procedure requirements
• Identify potential for Emergency
• Establish procedure to respond
• Mitigate (Procedure shall consider On-site & Off-Site
impacts)
• Prevent impact on man and material
EMERGENCY
RESPONSE

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Since a emergency is a type of nonconformance, it should also
include –
• Analysis of cause
• Corrective or preventive action
• Reporting, where required
• Review and revision of procedure after the occurrence of
emergency situation
EMERGENCY
RESPONSE

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Potential Emergency Types
• Fire (Oil, electrical, combustible materials)
• Explosion (gas, flammable substances)
• Spills or leakage of hazardous waste / materials
• Control Equipment breakdown
• Electrocution
• Death due to Fall from Heights
• Exposure to Ionic radiations
• Death due to confined spaces
EMERGENCY
TYPES

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
Potential Emergency Types
• Death due to occupational dieses
• Heat stroke leading to death
• Necessary human resource- technical expertise
• Contractor awareness
• Review & revise the procedures particularly after the
occurrence of emergency situations or based on the
lessons learnt during mock drill.
• Proper organization
• Roles, procedures (including communications)
• Experience (through tests, Mock drills, exercises etc.,)
PREPAREDNESS

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
4.5 CHECKING AND CORRECTIVE
ACTION
4.5.1 MONITORING AND MEASUREMENT
PLAN/PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT AND
MONITORING
4.5.2 EVALUTAION OF COMPLIANCE
4.5.3 INCIDENT INVESTIGATION, NON CONFORMANCE,
CORRECTIVE AND PREVENTIVE ACTION
4.5.4 CONTROL OF RECORDS
4.5.5 INTERNAL AUDIT
CHECK
&
ACT

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
4.5.1 MONITORING AND MEASUREMENT
PLAN/PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT AND
MONITORING
 Documented procedure to monitor and measure
 Key characteristics of operations, activities that can have
significant risk.
 Track the effectiveness of the system
 Objectives & Targets
 Performance of operational controls and achievement of
Objectives & Target
 Procedure to calibrate monitoring equipment's
MONITOR
&
MEASURE

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
4.5.2 EVALUTAION OF COMPLIANCE
4.5.2.1 Evaluation of compliance to Legal Requirements
Establish, implement and maintain a procedure for periodically
evaluating your compliance with applicable legal requirements
4.5.2.1 Evaluation of compliance to Other Requirements
Establish, implement and maintain a procedure for periodically
evaluating your compliance with applicable other Requirements
keep records of the results of these

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
4.5.3 INCIDENTS INVESTIGATION, NON CONFORMANCE,
CORRECTIVE AND PREVENTIVE ACTION
4.5.3.1 Incident Investigation
• Develop procedure for investigating, correcting, and preventing
system deficiencies.
4.5.3.2 Non Conformance, Corrective Action and Preventive
Action
• Handling and investigating Nonconformance for the root causes for
prioritizing Corrective & Preventive Actions.
• Set up process for assigning responsibilities and for tracking
completion of corrective action & review of effectiveness.
• Process to revise EOHS Documents to give permanency of
corrective actions.
NON
CONFORMANCE

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
4.5.4 - CONTROL OF RECORDS
To demonstrate conformance to the requirements of the
Standard
• To evaluate performance against Objectives & Targets
• Records shall be legible, Identifiable, retrievable and
protected against damage.
• Include - training records, audits, management reviews
RECORDS

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
4.5.5 - INTERNAL AUDIT
Develop internal EOHS audit program
 Establish procedure for conducting audit
 Specify audit frequency and audit scope
 Designate responsibilities for conducting audit and reporting
results
 Inform outcome of the audit to management
 Are all EOHS requirements met? (Are we meeting the
standard?)
 Is the system working? (Are we doing what we said we
would?)
AUDITING

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
4.6 MANAGEMENT REVIEW
• Reviews EOHS to ensure its continuing suitability, adequacy
and effectiveness
• Reviews process to ensure necessary information is
collected for evaluation (INPUTS TO MRM)
The elements to be reviewed are
• Objectives and its status
• Last meeting minutes
• Performance of EHS
• Audit results / Accident details
• Legal updates & compliance concerns
• Resources
• Changing circumstances
Review must be documented (OUT PUT OF MRM)
REVIEW

EMS 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007
THANK YOU

EOHS Awareness Trg.ppt

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (20)

Similar to EOHS Awareness Trg.ppt

Similar to EOHS Awareness Trg.ppt (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

EOHS Awareness Trg.ppt