Enzymes, Secreted by and Function
โขDownload as PPTX, PDFโข
0 likesโข228 views
The Enzymes present in our Human body are explained in this PPT. The roles of the various enzymes, their location, secreted by etc.. have been depicted. The images are also given. The digestive enzymes like Pepsin, Rennin etc.. are clearly mentioned. The points are essential for the aspirants who are preparing for the competitive examinations (including Medical and non-medical exams).
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Fermentation of ABE and butanediol
Fermentation of ABE produces acetone, butanol and ethanol through fermentation. Fermentation of 2,3 butanediol has advantages and its production pathway involves converting pyruvate to 2,3 butanediol. Testing for 2,3 butanediol fermentation can be done using MR VP biochemical tests where MR VP positive organisms are able to produce 2,3 butanediol.
IMViC Biochemical Tests Principle|Indole|Methyl Red|Voges Proskauer|Citrate Test
This document describes biochemical tests used to identify bacteria, including the Indole test, Methyl Red test, Voges-Proskauer test, and Citrate test.
The Indole test detects the production of indole from tryptophan. A positive result is indicated by a yellow or cherry red color change with Kovac's reagent.
The Methyl Red test identifies stable acid production from glucose in MR-VP broth, indicated by a red color with methyl red indicator.
The Voges-Proskauer test detects acetyl methyl carbinol production from glucose, shown as a pinkish red color change when alpha-naphthol and potassium hydroxide are added.
Amino Acids metabolism
This document discusses protein metabolism and the metabolism of amino acids. It notes that proteins are the most abundant organic compounds in the body, making up 10-12kg of dry weight, and perform many structural and functional roles. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and there are 20 naturally occurring amino acids, with 10 being non-essential and needing to be synthesized by the body. The amino acid pool is maintained through intake from dietary proteins and synthesis of non-essential amino acids, and is utilized for protein synthesis and other metabolic processes. Protein metabolism involves the constant breakdown and resynthesis of body proteins.
Enzymology
This document provides an overview of enzymology and enzymes. It discusses how enzymes are biological catalysts that accelerate chemical reactions in living organisms. Each reaction is catalyzed by one or more specific enzymes, which are proteins that recognize substrate molecules and facilitate their transformation. Enzymes play a key role in coupling exergonic and endergonic reactions to allow biochemical processes to occur under the constraints of thermodynamics. The document covers basics of enzyme kinetics, cofactors, classification, factors influencing enzyme activity such as temperature and pH, inhibition, and measurement of enzymatic activity.
Lactic acid, cheese, glutamic production
The document provides information on the production of lactic acid, cheese, and glutamic acid. It discusses the microorganisms used in each process, such as various Lactobacillus species for lactic acid production. The key steps in cheese production are outlined as pasteurization, coagulation, separation of curd and whey, and ripening. Corynebacterium glutamicum is used commonly to produce glutamic acid through biosynthesis from glucose.
PENTOSE PHOSPHATE PATHWAY
The pentose phosphate pathway generates reducing equivalents in the form of NADPH and produces ribose-5-phosphate. It functions primarily in anabolic biosynthesis reactions that require NADPH, such as fatty acid and nucleic acid synthesis. Cells with high levels of these biosynthetic pathways, such as liver, adipose, and lactating mammary gland cells, have high levels of pentose phosphate pathway enzymes. The pathway oxidizes glucose through a series of reactions that ultimately produce ribulose-5-phosphate, which can be converted back into glucose-6-phosphate or other three and six carbon intermediates.
Enzyme technology: Enzyme versus catalyst
This document discusses enzyme technology and the process of producing enzymes. It begins by providing contact information for Dr. Harinatha Reddy to purchase a powerpoint presentation on the topic. It then compares and contrasts enzymes and catalysts. The rest of the document outlines the general steps involved in producing enzymes commercially, including selecting an organism, formulating growth media, fermentation, recovery and purification of the enzymes. It provides examples of organisms commonly used like Aspergillus niger and discusses techniques like immobilization, regulation of production through induction and repression, and formulation of enzymes for storage and marketing.
ENZYMES IN LEATHER INDUSTRY.pptx
Enzymes play an important role in various stages of the leather industry. In soaking, proteases and lipases help remove proteins, fats, and oils from hides. During dehairing, proteases break down keratin in hair roots. Bating uses proteases to loosen non-collagenous skin structures. Lipases aid in degreasing by breaking down triglycerides. Enzymatic treatment of solid wastes like fleshings and trimmings increases proteolysis and reduces pollution. The use of enzymes provides environmental benefits over conventional chemical methods by producing less toxic and more biodegradable effluents.
Recommended
Fermentation of ABE and butanediol
Fermentation of ABE produces acetone, butanol and ethanol through fermentation. Fermentation of 2,3 butanediol has advantages and its production pathway involves converting pyruvate to 2,3 butanediol. Testing for 2,3 butanediol fermentation can be done using MR VP biochemical tests where MR VP positive organisms are able to produce 2,3 butanediol.
IMViC Biochemical Tests Principle|Indole|Methyl Red|Voges Proskauer|Citrate Test
This document describes biochemical tests used to identify bacteria, including the Indole test, Methyl Red test, Voges-Proskauer test, and Citrate test.
The Indole test detects the production of indole from tryptophan. A positive result is indicated by a yellow or cherry red color change with Kovac's reagent.
The Methyl Red test identifies stable acid production from glucose in MR-VP broth, indicated by a red color with methyl red indicator.
The Voges-Proskauer test detects acetyl methyl carbinol production from glucose, shown as a pinkish red color change when alpha-naphthol and potassium hydroxide are added.
Amino Acids metabolism
This document discusses protein metabolism and the metabolism of amino acids. It notes that proteins are the most abundant organic compounds in the body, making up 10-12kg of dry weight, and perform many structural and functional roles. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and there are 20 naturally occurring amino acids, with 10 being non-essential and needing to be synthesized by the body. The amino acid pool is maintained through intake from dietary proteins and synthesis of non-essential amino acids, and is utilized for protein synthesis and other metabolic processes. Protein metabolism involves the constant breakdown and resynthesis of body proteins.
Enzymology
This document provides an overview of enzymology and enzymes. It discusses how enzymes are biological catalysts that accelerate chemical reactions in living organisms. Each reaction is catalyzed by one or more specific enzymes, which are proteins that recognize substrate molecules and facilitate their transformation. Enzymes play a key role in coupling exergonic and endergonic reactions to allow biochemical processes to occur under the constraints of thermodynamics. The document covers basics of enzyme kinetics, cofactors, classification, factors influencing enzyme activity such as temperature and pH, inhibition, and measurement of enzymatic activity.
Lactic acid, cheese, glutamic production
The document provides information on the production of lactic acid, cheese, and glutamic acid. It discusses the microorganisms used in each process, such as various Lactobacillus species for lactic acid production. The key steps in cheese production are outlined as pasteurization, coagulation, separation of curd and whey, and ripening. Corynebacterium glutamicum is used commonly to produce glutamic acid through biosynthesis from glucose.
PENTOSE PHOSPHATE PATHWAY
The pentose phosphate pathway generates reducing equivalents in the form of NADPH and produces ribose-5-phosphate. It functions primarily in anabolic biosynthesis reactions that require NADPH, such as fatty acid and nucleic acid synthesis. Cells with high levels of these biosynthetic pathways, such as liver, adipose, and lactating mammary gland cells, have high levels of pentose phosphate pathway enzymes. The pathway oxidizes glucose through a series of reactions that ultimately produce ribulose-5-phosphate, which can be converted back into glucose-6-phosphate or other three and six carbon intermediates.
Enzyme technology: Enzyme versus catalyst
This document discusses enzyme technology and the process of producing enzymes. It begins by providing contact information for Dr. Harinatha Reddy to purchase a powerpoint presentation on the topic. It then compares and contrasts enzymes and catalysts. The rest of the document outlines the general steps involved in producing enzymes commercially, including selecting an organism, formulating growth media, fermentation, recovery and purification of the enzymes. It provides examples of organisms commonly used like Aspergillus niger and discusses techniques like immobilization, regulation of production through induction and repression, and formulation of enzymes for storage and marketing.
ENZYMES IN LEATHER INDUSTRY.pptx
Enzymes play an important role in various stages of the leather industry. In soaking, proteases and lipases help remove proteins, fats, and oils from hides. During dehairing, proteases break down keratin in hair roots. Bating uses proteases to loosen non-collagenous skin structures. Lipases aid in degreasing by breaking down triglycerides. Enzymatic treatment of solid wastes like fleshings and trimmings increases proteolysis and reduces pollution. The use of enzymes provides environmental benefits over conventional chemical methods by producing less toxic and more biodegradable effluents.
Viral life cycle
The document summarizes the viral life cycle in 6 steps: attachment, penetration, uncoating, gene expression and replication, virus assembly, and release. It then provides more details on virus assembly and release, describing how new viral genomes and proteins are assembled and packaged into new virions that bud from the cell membrane. The document also lists some common agents that inhibit different stages of the viral life cycle, such as amantidine and remantidine blocking attachment and penetration or acyclovir and gancyclovir interfering with viral nucleic acid replication.
Amino acids of biological importance 2021
This document discusses amino acids and proteins of biological importance. It defines amino acids as organic acids that contain one or more amino groups. Proteins are formed from chains of 50 or more amino acids linked by peptide bonds. The document classifies amino acids and discusses the structures of proteins including primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure. It also addresses the denaturation and conformational classification of proteins.
Microbial Biotechnology- Current trends
Microbial biotechnology isย the use of microorganisms to obtain an economically valuable product or activity at a commercial or large scale.ย
Like any other man-made technology, microbial biotechnology has both positive and negative effects on the environment.
Biotechnology may carry more risk than other scientific fields: microbes are tiny and difficult to detect, but the dangers are potentially vast.ย
The use of biotechnical methodsโincluding genetically-engineered microorganismsโis indispensable for the manufacture of many products essential to mankind.
For better or for worse, it is the mankind's task to tackle the problems that are associated with the use of this technology, and which to a high degree are located in the field of unwanted environmental impacts.ย
The use of biotechnology should be restricted to enhancing the quality of life for plants, animals and human beings only. Anything beyond that is unnatural and highly disastrous to us.
De novo and salvage pathway of purines
Jayati Mishra presented on the de novo and salvage pathways of purines under the guidance of Pradip Hirapue. The presentation discussed:
1) The de novo pathway synthesizes purine nucleotides from simple precursors through a two-stage process forming IMP and then converting it to AMP or GMP.
2) The salvage pathway recycles purine bases and nucleosides obtained from the diet or cell turnover to form nucleotides.
3) Both pathways work together to synthesize the purine nucleotides needed for nucleic acid synthesis, with the salvage pathway playing a larger role in certain tissues.
Industrial production of Riboflavin, Amylase and Protease
prodcution types, conditions, media used, sources of inoculum, advantages, characterization and process parameters.
Alternative pathways.
The document discusses several alternative pathways for the utilization and metabolism of hexose sugars besides the main Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway. It describes three main alternative pathways: the fructose bisphosphate aldolase pathway, the Entner-Doudoroff pathway, and the phosphoketolase pathway. Each pathway is found in different types of bacteria and has distinguishing reactions and end products.
Chemical properties of lipids
The document discusses various chemical properties of lipids including iodine value and peroxide value. Iodine value measures the degree of unsaturation in oils and fats, with higher values indicating more double bonds. It is determined by reacting lipids with iodine and titrating excess iodine. Peroxide value measures peroxide content as a sign of oxidation, determined by titrating peroxides with thiosulfate. The document also summarizes common iodine and peroxide values of various oils and fats, and discusses factors that influence lipid oxidation. A research study is summarized that examined effects of blending different oils on storage stability and sensory properties of an extruded snack.
5 nucleotides and nucleic acids lecture
This document discusses nucleotides, nucleic acids, and their roles in biology. It describes how nucleotides are composed of a nitrogenous base bonded to a pentose sugar and phosphate group. Nucleotides bond together via phosphodiester bonds to form nucleic acids like DNA and RNA, which store and transmit genetic information in living cells. The document outlines the structures of nucleotides and nucleic acids and differentiates between ribonucleotides and deoxyribonucleotides.
Fermentative metabolism
Various fermentation process and the subsequent products in the fermentation process are described in this short presentation.
Classification of enzymes
This document categorizes enzymes into six main classes based on their catalytic activity: 1) Oxidoreductases catalyze redox reactions such as dehydrogenation and oxidation. 2) Transferases transfer atomic groups between molecules, like transaminases transferring amino groups. 3) Hydrolases catalyze hydrolysis reactions by adding water, as seen in maltase breaking maltose into glucose. 4) Lyases break chemical bonds without water, such as decarboxylases removing carboxyl groups. 5) Isomerases catalyze conversion between isomers by moving atomic groups. 6) Ligases catalyze bond formation using ATP, for example DNA ligase in DNA synthesis.
PYRIMIDINE SYNTHESIS
The document summarizes the de novo synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides in three steps. First, carbamoyl phosphate and aspartate condense to form carbamoyl aspartate. Second, the pyrimidine ring forms and is further modified through a series of reactions to eventually form orotidine monophosphate. Third, OMP undergoes reactions to form the pyrimidine nucleotides UMP, UDP, UTP, CTP, and through additional steps, dUMP and dTMP. Key enzymes involved include carbamoyl phosphate synthetase, aspartate transcarbamoylase, and OMP decarboxylase. Feedback inhibition regulates the process.
Weighing Balances
There are three main types of balances used in clinical laboratories: physical balances, analytical balances, and monopan balances. Physical balances are open-pan balances used to weigh substances where great accuracy is not required. Analytical balances can measure small masses in the sub-milligram range and have components like a beam, pans, and an ivory scale. Monopan balances work on the principle of substitution, using counterpoise weights and calibrated weights to determine the weight of an unknown substance. Electronic balances use a null detector, feedback loop, and digital display to electromagnetically compensate for weights and provide highly accurate weight measurements.
Virological Techniques for Virology
VIROLOGICAL TECHNIQUES
Introduction of Serology
Types of Serology
Radioimmunoassay (RIA) Techniques
Enzyme Linked ImmunosorbentAssay (ELISA) Techn
Agglutination Techniques
Immunofluorescence techniques
Complement Fixation Techniques
Problems With Serology
Summary
Reference
ฮฒ Oxidation of fatty acid
1. Beta-oxidation is the process by which fatty acids are broken down in the mitochondria to produce acetyl-CoA, which enters the citric acid cycle.
2. It involves three main stages: activation of fatty acids in the cytosol, transport into the mitochondria via carnitine shuttle, and beta-oxidation within the mitochondrial matrix.
3. During beta-oxidation, fatty acid chains are shortened by two carbons in each cycle through four steps, producing acetyl-CoA and reducing equivalents like FADH2 and NADH that generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
Enzyme inhibition
Inhibitors are chemicals that reduce the rate of the enzymatic reactions,
They are usually specific and work at low concentrations,
They block the enzyme, but they do not usually destroy it,
Many drugs and poisons are inhibitors of enzymes in the nervous system,
Inhibitors of the catalytic activities of enzymes provide both pharmacologic agents and research tools for the study of the mechanism of enzyme action.
Purine and Pyrimidine biosynthesis
Nucleotide Biosynthesis involves 2 processes. one is Denovo synthesis and other is Salvage pathway. An outline of both the processes has given in this presentation.
Lipogenesis(denovo synthesis of fatty acidds)
This document summarizes fatty acid synthesis. Key points include:
- Fatty acid synthesis occurs in the cytoplasm and is initiated by acetyl-CoA carboxylase converting acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA.
- A fatty acid synthase complex containing multiple enzymatic domains then catalyzes the steps of fatty acid elongation using malonyl-CoA, culminating in the formation of palmitic acid.
- The process is regulated by hormones like insulin and glucagon through effects on the activity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase.
1stchapter-190407101248 (1).pdf
Industrial microorganisms are microbes used in industry to produce products like chemicals, food, detergents, textiles, and bioenergy. Important industrial microbes include Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus niger. Microorganisms are isolated using techniques like enrichment culture and indicator systems. Isolated strains can be improved through mutation, genetic engineering, and hybridization to develop strains with desired properties like increased yield, stability, and safety. Improved strains are preserved long-term using cryopreservation or freeze drying for future use in industrial fermentation and production.
Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis
For More Medicine Free PPT - http://playnever.blogspot.com/
For Health benefits and medicine videos Subscribe youtube channel - https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLKg-H-sMh9G01zEg4YpndngXODW2bq92w
Fermentation presentation
Fermentation is the conversion of carbohydrates into alcohols, carbon dioxide, or organic acids by microorganisms like yeast and bacteria in anaerobic conditions. It results in less energy production than aerobic respiration. Key steps include glycolysis which converts glucose to pyruvate, and alcoholic fermentation which converts pyruvate to ethanol and carbon dioxide. Fermentation is used to produce foods and beverages like beer, wine, yogurt and cheese, as well as treat wastewater.
Anatomy and physiology
The document discusses the digestive system and lists the major digestive enzymes secreted by different organs. The mouth secretes enzymes like ptyalin and amylase that convert starch to sugars. The stomach secretes enzymes like pepsin and gastric lipase that break down proteins and fats. The pancreas secretes trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase and other enzymes that further break down macromolecules into simpler compounds. The small intestine contains enzymes like sucrase, maltase and lactase that complete the digestion process by breaking down disaccharides into monosaccharides.
Role of Enzymes in GIT.pptx
1. Enzymes play an important role in metabolism and digestion in the gastrointestinal system. In the mouth, salivary amylase and lingual lipase begin breaking down carbohydrates and fats.
2. In the stomach, pepsin and gastric lipase break down proteins and fats. Pancreatic enzymes like trypsin, chymotrypsin, and pancreatic lipase further break down proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids.
3. Enzymes in the small intestine, including peptidases, lactase, sucrase, maltase, and intestinal lipase, complete digestion by breaking nutrients down into absorbable molecules like amino acids, mon
More Related Content
What's hot
Viral life cycle
The document summarizes the viral life cycle in 6 steps: attachment, penetration, uncoating, gene expression and replication, virus assembly, and release. It then provides more details on virus assembly and release, describing how new viral genomes and proteins are assembled and packaged into new virions that bud from the cell membrane. The document also lists some common agents that inhibit different stages of the viral life cycle, such as amantidine and remantidine blocking attachment and penetration or acyclovir and gancyclovir interfering with viral nucleic acid replication.
Amino acids of biological importance 2021
This document discusses amino acids and proteins of biological importance. It defines amino acids as organic acids that contain one or more amino groups. Proteins are formed from chains of 50 or more amino acids linked by peptide bonds. The document classifies amino acids and discusses the structures of proteins including primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure. It also addresses the denaturation and conformational classification of proteins.
Microbial Biotechnology- Current trends
Microbial biotechnology isย the use of microorganisms to obtain an economically valuable product or activity at a commercial or large scale.ย
Like any other man-made technology, microbial biotechnology has both positive and negative effects on the environment.
Biotechnology may carry more risk than other scientific fields: microbes are tiny and difficult to detect, but the dangers are potentially vast.ย
The use of biotechnical methodsโincluding genetically-engineered microorganismsโis indispensable for the manufacture of many products essential to mankind.
For better or for worse, it is the mankind's task to tackle the problems that are associated with the use of this technology, and which to a high degree are located in the field of unwanted environmental impacts.ย
The use of biotechnology should be restricted to enhancing the quality of life for plants, animals and human beings only. Anything beyond that is unnatural and highly disastrous to us.
De novo and salvage pathway of purines
Jayati Mishra presented on the de novo and salvage pathways of purines under the guidance of Pradip Hirapue. The presentation discussed:
1) The de novo pathway synthesizes purine nucleotides from simple precursors through a two-stage process forming IMP and then converting it to AMP or GMP.
2) The salvage pathway recycles purine bases and nucleosides obtained from the diet or cell turnover to form nucleotides.
3) Both pathways work together to synthesize the purine nucleotides needed for nucleic acid synthesis, with the salvage pathway playing a larger role in certain tissues.
Industrial production of Riboflavin, Amylase and Protease
prodcution types, conditions, media used, sources of inoculum, advantages, characterization and process parameters.
Alternative pathways.
The document discusses several alternative pathways for the utilization and metabolism of hexose sugars besides the main Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway. It describes three main alternative pathways: the fructose bisphosphate aldolase pathway, the Entner-Doudoroff pathway, and the phosphoketolase pathway. Each pathway is found in different types of bacteria and has distinguishing reactions and end products.
Chemical properties of lipids
The document discusses various chemical properties of lipids including iodine value and peroxide value. Iodine value measures the degree of unsaturation in oils and fats, with higher values indicating more double bonds. It is determined by reacting lipids with iodine and titrating excess iodine. Peroxide value measures peroxide content as a sign of oxidation, determined by titrating peroxides with thiosulfate. The document also summarizes common iodine and peroxide values of various oils and fats, and discusses factors that influence lipid oxidation. A research study is summarized that examined effects of blending different oils on storage stability and sensory properties of an extruded snack.
5 nucleotides and nucleic acids lecture
This document discusses nucleotides, nucleic acids, and their roles in biology. It describes how nucleotides are composed of a nitrogenous base bonded to a pentose sugar and phosphate group. Nucleotides bond together via phosphodiester bonds to form nucleic acids like DNA and RNA, which store and transmit genetic information in living cells. The document outlines the structures of nucleotides and nucleic acids and differentiates between ribonucleotides and deoxyribonucleotides.
Fermentative metabolism
Various fermentation process and the subsequent products in the fermentation process are described in this short presentation.
Classification of enzymes
This document categorizes enzymes into six main classes based on their catalytic activity: 1) Oxidoreductases catalyze redox reactions such as dehydrogenation and oxidation. 2) Transferases transfer atomic groups between molecules, like transaminases transferring amino groups. 3) Hydrolases catalyze hydrolysis reactions by adding water, as seen in maltase breaking maltose into glucose. 4) Lyases break chemical bonds without water, such as decarboxylases removing carboxyl groups. 5) Isomerases catalyze conversion between isomers by moving atomic groups. 6) Ligases catalyze bond formation using ATP, for example DNA ligase in DNA synthesis.
PYRIMIDINE SYNTHESIS
The document summarizes the de novo synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides in three steps. First, carbamoyl phosphate and aspartate condense to form carbamoyl aspartate. Second, the pyrimidine ring forms and is further modified through a series of reactions to eventually form orotidine monophosphate. Third, OMP undergoes reactions to form the pyrimidine nucleotides UMP, UDP, UTP, CTP, and through additional steps, dUMP and dTMP. Key enzymes involved include carbamoyl phosphate synthetase, aspartate transcarbamoylase, and OMP decarboxylase. Feedback inhibition regulates the process.
Weighing Balances
There are three main types of balances used in clinical laboratories: physical balances, analytical balances, and monopan balances. Physical balances are open-pan balances used to weigh substances where great accuracy is not required. Analytical balances can measure small masses in the sub-milligram range and have components like a beam, pans, and an ivory scale. Monopan balances work on the principle of substitution, using counterpoise weights and calibrated weights to determine the weight of an unknown substance. Electronic balances use a null detector, feedback loop, and digital display to electromagnetically compensate for weights and provide highly accurate weight measurements.
Virological Techniques for Virology
VIROLOGICAL TECHNIQUES
Introduction of Serology
Types of Serology
Radioimmunoassay (RIA) Techniques
Enzyme Linked ImmunosorbentAssay (ELISA) Techn
Agglutination Techniques
Immunofluorescence techniques
Complement Fixation Techniques
Problems With Serology
Summary
Reference
ฮฒ Oxidation of fatty acid
1. Beta-oxidation is the process by which fatty acids are broken down in the mitochondria to produce acetyl-CoA, which enters the citric acid cycle.
2. It involves three main stages: activation of fatty acids in the cytosol, transport into the mitochondria via carnitine shuttle, and beta-oxidation within the mitochondrial matrix.
3. During beta-oxidation, fatty acid chains are shortened by two carbons in each cycle through four steps, producing acetyl-CoA and reducing equivalents like FADH2 and NADH that generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
Enzyme inhibition
Inhibitors are chemicals that reduce the rate of the enzymatic reactions,
They are usually specific and work at low concentrations,
They block the enzyme, but they do not usually destroy it,
Many drugs and poisons are inhibitors of enzymes in the nervous system,
Inhibitors of the catalytic activities of enzymes provide both pharmacologic agents and research tools for the study of the mechanism of enzyme action.
Purine and Pyrimidine biosynthesis
Nucleotide Biosynthesis involves 2 processes. one is Denovo synthesis and other is Salvage pathway. An outline of both the processes has given in this presentation.
Lipogenesis(denovo synthesis of fatty acidds)
This document summarizes fatty acid synthesis. Key points include:
- Fatty acid synthesis occurs in the cytoplasm and is initiated by acetyl-CoA carboxylase converting acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA.
- A fatty acid synthase complex containing multiple enzymatic domains then catalyzes the steps of fatty acid elongation using malonyl-CoA, culminating in the formation of palmitic acid.
- The process is regulated by hormones like insulin and glucagon through effects on the activity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase.
1stchapter-190407101248 (1).pdf
Industrial microorganisms are microbes used in industry to produce products like chemicals, food, detergents, textiles, and bioenergy. Important industrial microbes include Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus niger. Microorganisms are isolated using techniques like enrichment culture and indicator systems. Isolated strains can be improved through mutation, genetic engineering, and hybridization to develop strains with desired properties like increased yield, stability, and safety. Improved strains are preserved long-term using cryopreservation or freeze drying for future use in industrial fermentation and production.
Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis
For More Medicine Free PPT - http://playnever.blogspot.com/
For Health benefits and medicine videos Subscribe youtube channel - https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLKg-H-sMh9G01zEg4YpndngXODW2bq92w
Fermentation presentation
Fermentation is the conversion of carbohydrates into alcohols, carbon dioxide, or organic acids by microorganisms like yeast and bacteria in anaerobic conditions. It results in less energy production than aerobic respiration. Key steps include glycolysis which converts glucose to pyruvate, and alcoholic fermentation which converts pyruvate to ethanol and carbon dioxide. Fermentation is used to produce foods and beverages like beer, wine, yogurt and cheese, as well as treat wastewater.
What's hot (20)
Industrial production of Riboflavin, Amylase and Protease
Industrial production of Riboflavin, Amylase and Protease
ย
Similar to Enzymes, Secreted by and Function
Anatomy and physiology
The document discusses the digestive system and lists the major digestive enzymes secreted by different organs. The mouth secretes enzymes like ptyalin and amylase that convert starch to sugars. The stomach secretes enzymes like pepsin and gastric lipase that break down proteins and fats. The pancreas secretes trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase and other enzymes that further break down macromolecules into simpler compounds. The small intestine contains enzymes like sucrase, maltase and lactase that complete the digestion process by breaking down disaccharides into monosaccharides.
Role of Enzymes in GIT.pptx
1. Enzymes play an important role in metabolism and digestion in the gastrointestinal system. In the mouth, salivary amylase and lingual lipase begin breaking down carbohydrates and fats.
2. In the stomach, pepsin and gastric lipase break down proteins and fats. Pancreatic enzymes like trypsin, chymotrypsin, and pancreatic lipase further break down proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids.
3. Enzymes in the small intestine, including peptidases, lactase, sucrase, maltase, and intestinal lipase, complete digestion by breaking nutrients down into absorbable molecules like amino acids, mon
HUMAN DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.ppt
The document discusses the human digestive system, including its main phases, types of digestion, organization, and key organs. The phases are ingestion, movement, mechanical and chemical digestion, absorption, and elimination. Mechanical digestion involves physical breakdown through chewing, tearing, etc. while chemical digestion uses enzymes to break down carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. The main organs discussed are the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. The small intestine absorbs most nutrients with finger-like villi and microvilli increasing surface area for absorption. The pancreas produces enzymes and regulates blood sugar.
BSN1-N GROUP 6.pdf
The document discusses the digestive system and digestive enzymes. It describes the different parts of the digestive tract including the mouth, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and their functions. It explains how enzymes in saliva, stomach, pancreas and intestines help break down food into smaller molecules so they can be absorbed into the bloodstream. Specifically, it details the roles of amylase, protease, lipase and other enzymes in breaking down carbohydrates, proteins and lipids during digestion.
Gastrointestinal Physiology - A Slideshow
Parietal cells in the oxyntic glands secrete hydrochloric acid. The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes and bicarbonate ions, which neutralize acidic chyme. Pancreatic enzymes that digest proteins include trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, and procarboxypolypeptidase. The liver secretes bile, which helps emulsify and absorb fats. Bile is stored and concentrated in the gallbladder before being released in response to cholecystokinin.
DIGESTION & ABSORPTION OF PROTEINS
The document summarizes the digestion and absorption of proteins in the human body. Dietary and endogenous proteins are broken down through digestion by enzymes in the stomach, pancreas, and intestines. In the stomach, pepsin digests proteins into proteoses and peptones. The pancreas secretes trypsin, chymotrypsin, and other enzymes as zymogens which are activated and further break down proteins. In the intestines, aminopeptidases and dipeptidases break down peptides into amino acids, which are then absorbed into the bloodstream through active transport mechanisms.
Digestion and absorption of proteins
This document summarizes the digestion and absorption of proteins. It explains that proteins are broken down into amino acids by proteolytic enzymes in the stomach, pancreas, and small intestine. These amino acids are then absorbed into the bloodstream through active transport mechanisms in the intestinal epithelium. Genetic disorders like Hartnup's disease and cystinuria can impair amino acid transport and cause amino acids to be lost in urine or feces.
THE DIGESTIVE ENZYME - BSN1N - GROUP 6.pptx
The document discusses the human digestive system and digestive enzymes. It describes the stages of digestion beginning in the mouth where amylase breaks down carbohydrates. Proteins are broken down in the stomach by pepsin and in the small intestine by trypsin, lipases break down fats with the help of bile which emulsifies lipids. Nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine through the villi and remaining waste is eliminated in the large intestine and rectum. Digestion involves both mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed and used by the body.
Kuliah 2 metabolisme kh
1. Metabolism of carbohydrates involves the breakdown of glucose through various pathways like glycolysis and the Krebs cycle to produce energy in the form of ATP.
2. Glucose is either stored as glycogen or converted to fat for later use.
3. During fasting states, the liver produces new glucose through gluconeogenesis using substrates like glycerol, amino acids, and lactate derived from stored glycogen, fat, and proteins.
Digestion and absorption review k&m chapter1
The document discusses the digestive system and process of digestion and absorption. It describes how the digestive system breaks down food into smaller molecules through mechanical and chemical breakdown. Various organs secrete enzymes that break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Nutrients are then absorbed through the small intestine into blood or lymph and transported to the liver and cells. Accessory organs like the pancreas, liver, and gallbladder aid digestion through secretion of enzymes and bile.
Digestion and absorption review k&m chapter1
The document summarizes key aspects of digestion and absorption in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. It describes how the digestive system breaks down food into smaller components through mechanical and enzymatic processes. Nutrients are then absorbed through the walls of the small intestine and transported to the liver and bloodstream. Accessory organs like the pancreas, liver, and gallbladder aid digestion by secreting enzymes and bile.
Digestion IGCSE
The document discusses the process of digestion in humans. It defines digestion as the breakdown of food into simpler substances that can be absorbed and used by cells in the body. The two main types of digestion are mechanical, which involves physical breakdown of food, and chemical, where enzymes break food into smaller particles. The major organs involved in the human digestive system are also described, including their roles in digestion.
Digestion & absorption of proteins
This document summarizes the digestion and absorption of proteins in the human body. It discusses that proteins are obtained endogenously from digestive enzymes and cells, as well as exogenously from dietary intake. The stomach contains hydrochloric acid and pepsin to denature and break down proteins. The pancreas secretes trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, and other zymogens which are activated and further digest proteins into peptides and amino acids in the small intestine. Aminopeptidases and dipeptidases on intestinal cells complete the digestion. Amino acids are then absorbed via active transport systems involving sodium and ATP. Deficiencies or defects in these digestive processes can impair protein digestion.
Biochemistry Presentation.pptx
1. The document discusses lipid and protein metabolism. Lipid metabolism involves the breakdown and synthesis of lipids through various pathways like lipolysis, beta-oxidation, and ketogenesis. Protein metabolism involves the breakdown of proteins into amino acids and the synthesis of new proteins.
2. Key aspects of lipid metabolism include the breakdown of triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol by lipases, beta-oxidation of fatty acids in the mitochondria, and synthesis of ketone bodies from acetyl-CoA when glucose is low.
3. Protein metabolism involves the breakdown of dietary proteins into amino acids and their absorption. Amino acids can then be used to synthesize new proteins or glucose. Proteases
Enzymes 2015
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions. This document discusses several important enzymes including amylolytic enzymes that break down starches and sugars, lipolytic enzymes that break down fats, proteolytic enzymes that break down proteins, and oxidizing enzymes involved in oxidation reactions. Specific enzymes discussed include pepsin, trypsin, rennin, papain, pancreatin, and hyaluronidase. These enzymes are obtained from animal sources like the stomach and pancreas and are used to treat digestive deficiencies or aid in various medical applications.
AAM-1:Digestion & absorption of protein By Santhosh Kumar. Nune
This document summarizes the digestion and absorption of proteins in the human body. It describes how proteins are initially undigested in the mouth but are broken down in the stomach through the actions of gastric juices containing hydrochloric acid and the enzyme pepsin. In infants, rennin is also secreted to curdle milk. In the small intestine, pancreatic enzymes further break proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids. These include trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidases. Absorption then occurs as individual amino acids are transported through the intestinal walls and into the hepatic portal vein for use in protein synthesis or other metabolic processes.
Integration of Metabolism
1. After a meal, nutrients like glucose, amino acids, and triglycerides increase in the bloodstream. This causes insulin levels to rise and glucagon levels to fall.
2. In the fed state, the liver takes up nutrients from the bloodstream and directs them to storage or other tissues. Glucose is stored as glycogen or converted to fatty acids. Amino acids are used for protein synthesis.
3. The liver increases fatty acid synthesis, triglyceride synthesis, and releases triglycerides into the blood to be stored in adipose tissue and muscle. This allows storage of excess nutrients from meals.
Digestion and absorption
Digestion & absorption of carbohydrate, protein and lipid following the curriculum of medical biochemistry of MBBB course
lipid2-121005091239-phpapp01 (1).pptx
The document summarizes lipid digestion and absorption. It describes how lipids are broken down in the mouth, stomach and small intestine by lingual, gastric and pancreatic lipases. Bile salts emulsify lipids into micelles in the small intestine to aid digestion by pancreatic lipase. This breaks triglycerides down into fatty acids and glycerol. Fatty acids and monoglycerides are absorbed via micelles in the small intestine. The liver plays a key role in recycling bile salts through enterohepatic circulation to aid continuous fat digestion and absorption.
Lipids (feb 2014)
The document discusses lipid digestion and absorption. It begins by describing the sources and roles of lipids in the body. Lipid digestion is initiated in the mouth by lingual lipase and continued in the stomach. In the small intestine, pancreatic lipase works with bile salts to break down triglycerides into fatty acids and monoacylglycerols. Bile salts emulsify lipids and facilitate fat absorption. Absorbed lipids are resynthesized into triglycerides and cholesterol esters within enterocytes then packaged into chylomicrons for transport to lymph and circulation. Any defects in this process can lead to lipid malabsorption disorders.
Similar to Enzymes, Secreted by and Function (20)
AAM-1:Digestion & absorption of protein By Santhosh Kumar. Nune
AAM-1:Digestion & absorption of protein By Santhosh Kumar. Nune
ย
More from Bharath Raj
About 5G!!
Applications, uses of 5G but also a summary of all generations of Networks we had till date.
This presentation helps to attain Konwledge, and also to get prepared for the upcoming competetive exams as well.
Exam bits related to 5G may appear in the exams under the section of Current affairs.
Vernalisation and aox pathway!
This Presentation helps the Studetns preparing for the CSIR-NET in Life Sciences. Not only CSIR but also the exams like DBT, GATE, ICMR, TIFR and all the other exams related to Life Sciences.
For MSc entrance exams too.
This topic deals with the Plant Metabolic process. It is under the subject Plant Physiology.
Tricks for Life Sciences!!
The slides shown in this PPT are very important for all the aspirants preparing for LIfe Sciences Exams like CSIR-NET, DBT-JRF, GATE, ICMR etc..
The points and MCQs depicted in this video are previously appeared in the above said exams.
This Presentation are very helpful for Lecturers to Teach and Students to Learn.
About Amino Acids!
The points depicted in this presentation are very helpful for the aspirants like CSIR-NET, DBT-JRF, GATE, ICMR, TIFR etc.,
These points (some Question and Answers) are helpful for Life Sciences exams.
The tricks shown in every slide are must to remember and hence "Points to Remmeber"!!
About Mammals!
This presentation gives the clear details on the Mammals. Information on all type of Mammals are included.
Fast and quick facts are also included. The pictures are neatly depicted by which one can understand easily.
Gestation period of Mammals are depicted in an order. Some rarely observed Mammals are shown in the initial slides.
Parents and Teachers find this presentation very helpful as this is very easy to explain their Children. Even, Civil Service Exam aspirants and other exam aspirants like Life Sciences, Groups etc., find this presentation helpful and useful for their preparation.
Quick facts 3! #StayHome and Save Lives!
This document presents 20 facts in brief statements. Some facts include that a mile on land and sea are different distances, Donald Duck has been a character for over 80 years, humans shrink daily rather than with age, mosquitoes have 47 teeth, ants can lift 50 times their own weight, and the average person makes 1,140 phone calls per year. The facts cover topics in geography, biology, sports, and human behavior.
Quick facts 2!
The facts presented in this PowerPoint Presentation are interesting to learn and increases one's enthusiasm. These are very helpful for Children as well as Adults or Parents. Parents can Teach their children during leisure time holidays of lock-downtime.
In this way Parents can help their Children in gaining General Knowledge by discussing these facts!
Quick facts 1!
The facts shown in this PPT are very interesting and knowledge oriented. Images are also depicted to have an easy understanding. Helpful for the Children in their School projects.
Even for Parents also. During the leisure time, you can teach these facts your Children. Imparts knowledge.
The Earth Day 2020!
The Earth is the common Mother to all of us. She withstood many difficulties, deformations, damages and is making our Life full of Happies. As the Children, it is our responsibility to take care of Her properly and provide Her with good Health.
In this PPT, the importance of our Mother Earth and a brief History has been presented. Read it, Learn it, Enjoy it and Excel!!
Prof. Geeta Ramjee Madam
She helped man people to overcome the AIDS. She is the Torch-bearer in the field of Virology. A Renowned Scientist in Life Sciences. Dr. Geeta Ramjee Madam is an Angel God for many who are being suffered with HIV-AIDS.
She introduced technical solutions to eradicate the AIDS from the society and Her research works played an amazing role in lighting up the lamp in the lives of AIDS patients instead of darkness.
Just facts!
The facts shown in this PPT are very interesting to learn and know. The images are also depicted for each fact so as to make the viewer understand well. The General Knowledge as well as your timee gets passed easily during this lock-down time. #StayHome #StaySafe
Testing kits for COVID-19!
At present situation, the COVID-19 outbreak is disappointing every individual, every Society, every Nation and the whole World.
The necessity of Testing kits to check for the Virus among the people is need of the hour.
In this presentation, the testing kits, their types, working mechanisms, working Principle are explained in a detailed manner. Kindly go through all the slides.
Biology Full-Forms
The full-forms and abbreviations given in this PPT are very helpful for all the competitive examination of Life Sciences like CSIR, DBT, GATE,ICMR, NEET, AIMS etc..
About virus!
The precautions and care to be taken to avoid the Viral infection is depicted in this PPT. Almost all the precautions are generally taught by our parents in our home like "cut your nails, wash your hands whenever you touch hair, dust off the clothes outside the house" etc...
{March 22nd is observed as the World Water Day. Ned to conserve Water, otherwise there will be no Water at least for cleaning the hands and to eliminate virus from the society. The theme for 2020 is "Water and Climate Change" i.e the link or relation between Water and Climate change. the theme for 2019 is "Leaving No One behind"}.
Important points for life sciences!!
Cell signaling occurs through two main types: electrical signals using ions and chemical signals using signaling molecules. The majority (60-70%) of drugs bind to G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Muscle contraction, writing, and boxing occur due to nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ion channels. Signaling molecules act by binding to receptors and are also called ligands. Signaling molecules can be agonists, which stimulate pathways, or antagonists, which inhibit pathways. End targets of cell signaling include transport proteins, cytoskeleton, enzymes, and genes. Signaling mediators include adapter proteins, effectors, cAMP as a second messenger, and protein kinases. Scaffold proteins cause localization of signaling mediators
Exam points for life sciences.
Each and every slide contains very important points for the aspirants of Life Sciences examinations. Even for MSc entrance exams also these questions are very helpful in getting prepared for the exam!!
General awareness bits!!
The slides depicted in this presentation carries the General knowledge bits which are very important for the competitive exam preparation.
The aspirants are advised to go through this presentation and gain knowledge. Not only for competitive exam preparation but also for children this is very helpful. Parents can ask these bits to their children randomly in random time!!
Quick points on DNA Polymerase I
The important points on DNA Polymerase I are exclusively depicted in this Presentation. The roles and functions of DNA Pol I during the Molecular processes are discussed.
{Every year, January 24th is observed as the National Girl Child. It is the responsibility of everyone of us to bring awareness about the Girl child. Every Girl must be given proper Nutrition, proper Education, proper encouragement in the studies, Sports and Cultural activities. One is not supposed to confine the Girl to a Kitchen room. It is the right of every Girl child to get educated and become independent.
Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Sir says, "Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world". Like that, every Girl must be educated and given a 'weapon'.}
{Disclaimer: The images have been downloaded from Google images and used in this video. I thank all the sources, references, and creators of these images. These pictures are used for EDUCATION and fair purpose only}
Cell cycle studies.
All the points depicted in this presentation are very important and asked in the competitive exams like CSIR, GATE and various University entrance examinations previously.
So, don't neglect these points, make a note of it and revise.
Hope you like my presentation. Thank you.
Learn Ketone Bodies.
Ketone bodies are low molecular weight lipids produced by the liver during periods of low blood glucose and include acetone, acetoacetate, and beta-hydroxybutyrate. The liver is the only organ capable of producing ketone bodies through the process of ketogenesis in the mitochondrial matrix. During prolonged starvation or untreated diabetic ketoacidosis, ketone bodies provide energy for peripheral tissues and are the primary fuel source for the brain. Complete oxidation of the ketone bodies acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate produces more ATP than glucose oxidation, allowing them to effectively replace glucose as an energy source during periods of low blood sugar.
More from Bharath Raj (20)
Recently uploaded
Educational Technology in the Health Sciences
Plenary presentation at the NTTC Inter-university Workshop, 18 June 2024, Manila Prince Hotel.
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...
The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
How to Download & Install Module From the Odoo App Store in Odoo 17
Custom modules offer the flexibility to extend Odoo's capabilities, address unique requirements, and optimize workflows to align seamlessly with your organization's processes. By leveraging custom modules, businesses can unlock greater efficiency, productivity, and innovation, empowering them to stay competitive in today's dynamic market landscape. In this tutorial, we'll guide you step by step on how to easily download and install modules from the Odoo App Store.
A Free 200-Page eBook ~ Brain and Mind Exercise.pptx
(A Free eBook comprising 3 Sets of Presentation of a selection of Puzzles, Brain Teasers and Thinking Problems to exercise both the mind and the Right and Left Brain. To help keep the mind and brain fit and healthy. Good for both the young and old alike.
Answers are given for all the puzzles and problems.)
With Metta,
Bro. Oh Teik Bin ๐๐ค๐ค๐ฅฐ
How to Setup Default Value for a Field in Odoo 17
In Odoo, we can set a default value for a field during the creation of a record for a model. We have many methods in odoo for setting a default value to the field.
skeleton System.pdf (skeleton system wow)
๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ
โ โุฅุถุบ ุจูู ุฅูุฏููู
โู
ู ุฃููู ุงูู
ูุงุฒู
ุงูุชู ุตู
ู
ุชูุง
ู
ูุฒู
ุฉ ุชุดุฑูุญ ุงูุฌูุงุฒ ุงูููููู (ูุธุฑู 3)
๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐
ุชุชู
ูุฒ ูุฐูู ุงูู
ูุฒู
ุฉ ุจุนูุฏุฉ ู
ูู
ูุฒุงุช :
1- ู
ูุชุฑุฌู
ุฉ ุชุฑุฌู
ุฉ ุชููุงุณุจ ุฌู
ูุน ุงูู
ุณุชููุงุช
2- ุชุญุชูู ุนูู 78 ุฑุณู
ุชูุถูุญู ููู ููู
ุฉ ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ุจุงูู
ูุฒู
ุฉ (ููู ููู
ุฉ !!!!)
#ููู
_ู
ุงูู_ุฏุฑุฎ
3- ุฏูุฉ ุงููุชุงุจุฉ ูุงูุตูุฑ ุนุงููุฉ ุฌุฏุงู ุฌุฏุงู ุฌุฏุงู
4- ูููุงูู ุจุนุถ ุงูู
ุนููู
ุงุช ุชู
ุชูุถูุญูุง ุจุดูู ุชูุตููู ุฌุฏุงู (ุชูุนุชุจุฑ ูุฏู ุงูุทุงูุจ ุฃู ุงูุทุงูุจุฉ ุจุฅููุง ู
ุนููู
ุงุช ู
ูุจูู
ุฉ ูู
ุน ุฐูู ุชู
ุชูุถูุญ ูุฐูู ุงูู
ุนููู
ุงุช ุงูู
ูุจูู
ุฉ ุจุดูู ุชูุตููู ุฌุฏุงู
5- ุงูู
ูุฒู
ุฉ ุชุดุฑุญ ููุณูุง ุจ ููุณูุง ุจุณ ุชููู ุชุนุงู ุงูุฑุงูู
6- ุชุญุชูู ุงูู
ูุฒู
ุฉ ูู ุงูู ุณูุงูุฏ ุนูู ุฎุงุฑุทุฉ ุชุชุถู
ู ุฌู
ูุน ุชูุฑูุนุงุช ู
ุนููู
ุงุช ุงูุฌูุงุฒ ุงูููููู ุงูู
ุฐููุฑุฉ ูู ูุฐูู ุงูู
ูุฒู
ุฉ
ูุงุฎูุฑุงู ูุฐูู ุงูู
ูุฒู
ุฉ ุญูุงูู ุนูููู
ูุฅุชู
ูู ู
ููู
ุฅู ุชุฏุนููู ุจุงูุฎูุฑ ูุงูุตุญุฉ ูุงูุนุงููุฉ ููุท
ูู ุงูุชูููู ุฒู
ูุงุฆู ูุฒู
ููุงุชู ุ ุฒู
ูููู
ู
ุญู
ุฏ ุงูุฐูุจู ๐๐
๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ
CHUYรN ฤแป รN TแบฌP Vร PHรT TRIแปN CรU HแปI TRONG ฤแป MINH HแปA THI TแปT NGHIแปP THPT ...
CHUYรN ฤแป รN TแบฌP Vร PHรT TRIแปN CรU HแปI TRONG ฤแป MINH HแปA THI TแปT NGHIแปP THPT ...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/qspvswamcohjtbvbbhjad04lg65waylfย
KHUSWANT SINGH.pptx ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT KHUSHWANT SINGH
INDIA`S OWN LITERARY GENIUS MR.KHUSHWANT SINGH WAS TRULY A VERY BRAVE SOUL AND WAS AWARDED WITH THE MAGIC OF WORDS BY GOD.
220711130082 Srabanti Bag Internet Resources For Natural Science
Internet resources for natural science
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation results
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
HYPERTENSION - SLIDE SHARE PRESENTATION.
IT WILL BE HELPFULL FOR THE NUSING STUDENTS
IT FOCUSED ON MEDICAL MANAGEMENT AND NURSING MANAGEMENT.
HIGHLIGHTS ON HEALTH EDUCATION.
Contiguity Of Various Message Forms - Rupam Chandra.pptx
Contiguity Of Various Message Forms - Rupam Chandra.pptx
CapTechTalks Webinar Slides June 2024 Donovan Wright.pptx
Slides from a Capitol Technology University webinar held June 20, 2024. The webinar featured Dr. Donovan Wright, presenting on the Department of Defense Digital Transformation.
Recently uploaded (20)
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...
ย
220711130088 Sumi Basak Virtual University EPC 3.pptx
220711130088 Sumi Basak Virtual University EPC 3.pptx
ย
How to Download & Install Module From the Odoo App Store in Odoo 17
How to Download & Install Module From the Odoo App Store in Odoo 17
ย
A Free 200-Page eBook ~ Brain and Mind Exercise.pptx
A Free 200-Page eBook ~ Brain and Mind Exercise.pptx
ย
CHUYรN ฤแป รN TแบฌP Vร PHรT TRIแปN CรU HแปI TRONG ฤแป MINH HแปA THI TแปT NGHIแปP THPT ...
CHUYรN ฤแป รN TแบฌP Vร PHรT TRIแปN CรU HแปI TRONG ฤแป MINH HแปA THI TแปT NGHIแปP THPT ...
ย
KHUSWANT SINGH.pptx ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT KHUSHWANT SINGH
KHUSWANT SINGH.pptx ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT KHUSHWANT SINGH
ย
220711130082 Srabanti Bag Internet Resources For Natural Science
220711130082 Srabanti Bag Internet Resources For Natural Science
ย
Contiguity Of Various Message Forms - Rupam Chandra.pptx
Contiguity Of Various Message Forms - Rupam Chandra.pptx
ย
CapTechTalks Webinar Slides June 2024 Donovan Wright.pptx
CapTechTalks Webinar Slides June 2024 Donovan Wright.pptx
ย
Enzymes, Secreted by and Function
- 2. Rennin is produced by Stomach Converts Milk proteins to peptides.
- 3. Pepsin is secreted by Stomach Function: Converts other proteins to Peptides.
- 4. Carboxypolypeptidase is secreted by Pancreas(Exocrine function). Function: Converts peptides into amino acid.
- 5. Trypsin is secreted by Pancreas Function: Converts Proteins to peptides.
- 6. Salivary Amylase(Ptyalin) are secreted by Salivary glands Converts Starch to Maltose.
- 7. Gastric Amylase is secreted by Stomach Function: Converts Starch to Maltose.
- 8. Gastric Lipase is secreted by Stomach Function: Converts butter fat into fatty acids and Glycerol.
- 9. Chymotrypsin is secreted by Pancreas. Function: Converts proteins to peptides
- 10. Steapsin(Pancreatic Lipase) is secreted by Pancreas Function: Converts fats into fatty acids and Glycerol.
- 11. Pancreatic Amylase is secreted by Pancreas Function: Converts starch to Maltose. In Pancreas
- 12. Entirokinase is secreted by Small-Intestine Function: Entirokinase activates Trypsinogen to Trypsin.
- 13. Eripsin is secreted by Small-Intestine Function: Converts Polypeptides to amino acids.
- 14. Maltase is secreted by Small-Intestine Function: Digests Maltose to Glucose.
- 15. Sucrase is secreted by Small-Intestine Function: Digests Sucrose into Glucose and Fructose.
- 16. Lactase is secreted by Small-Intestine. Function: Digests Lactose into Glucose and Galactose. (Milk undigestion)
- 17. Every year on March 8th, The International Womenโs Day is observed. This is year 2020!!