The document discusses the importance of ethics in capitalism. It provides examples of companies like Walmart, Starbucks, Microsoft, Nike and discusses both their positive and negative ethical practices. The conclusion emphasizes that companies ignoring ethics could harm people, the environment and local businesses, while focusing on ethics can improve company value by creating happier employees and customers.
This document discusses the issues with capitalism and proposes solidarity-based economy as an alternative. It provides examples of how solidarity-based practices have helped developing regions like Bosnia and Herzegovina. Specifically, it summarizes that capitalism has led to issues like inequality, poverty and environmental degradation when profit is the sole motive. However, solidarity-based models focus on cooperation and local development, empowering small communities through associations like a raspberry farmers' cooperative in Bosnia that generates income for thousands while investing back into the community. The document argues capitalism must integrate ethical values and support local development through community groups for economic systems to be truly sustainable and beneficial.
Session IV - Policy Considerations in Addressing Malaysian Economic Inequalit...KhazanahResearchInstitute
Malaysian Income Distribution in a Global Context
A Khazanah Nasional Berhad and Khazanah Research Institute Seminar
Session IV - Cross-National Frameworks and the Management of National Inequality
18 January 2018
Session IV - Cross-National Frameworks for the Management of National Inequal...KhazanahResearchInstitute
Malaysian Income Distribution in a Global Context
A Khazanah Nasional Berhad and Khazanah Research Institute Seminar
Session IV - Cross-National Frameworks and the Management of National Inequality
18 January 2018
Session I - Framing the Conversation on Inequality and Development Choices by...KhazanahResearchInstitute
Malaysian Income Distribution in a Global Context
A Khazanah Nasional Berhad and Khazanah Research Institute Seminar
Session I - Global Poverty and Inequality: A View from the Global Consumption and Income Project
18 January 2018
Managing Human Recources Globally - Chapter 15Permata Dinda
This document discusses managing human resources globally and identifies five key learning objectives: 1) factors influencing international HRM, 2) categories of international employees, 3) four levels of global participation and their HRM issues, 4) selecting, training, compensating, and reintegrating expatriate managers. It also covers implications of culture, education, economic systems, and politics/legal factors on HRM practices in foreign countries.
This document discusses managing global human resources. It defines human resource management and globalization. Managing global HR is different due to varied labor markets, mobility issues, legal/cultural barriers, and compensation practices. The benefits of globalization include increased capital/technology flow and consumption. The main HR functions in global contexts are staffing, compensation, training, performance management, and employee relations. Effective global HR is strategic and aligns compensation, training, staffing and culture with organizational strategy. There are various approaches to international staffing such as ethnocentric, polycentric and geocentric. Managing expatriation, compensation and repatriation are also key HR issues for global organizations.
Industry associations are organizations that allow businesses within an industry to interact for mutual benefit. The document discusses several major industry associations in India, including the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI), Confederation of Indian Industry (CII), The Indus Entrepreneur (TIE), Dalit Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industry (DICCI), and Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India (ASSOCHAM). It provides details on the history, objectives, roles and functions of these associations.
This document discusses the campaign to raise Ontario's minimum wage to $14 per hour. The campaign is led by a coalition of advocacy groups including ACORN, the Workers' Action Centre, and the Ontario Coalition Against Poverty. They argue that the minimum wage needs to be increased and indexed to cost of living in order to lift workers and their families out of poverty and close the wage gap.
This document discusses the issues with capitalism and proposes solidarity-based economy as an alternative. It provides examples of how solidarity-based practices have helped developing regions like Bosnia and Herzegovina. Specifically, it summarizes that capitalism has led to issues like inequality, poverty and environmental degradation when profit is the sole motive. However, solidarity-based models focus on cooperation and local development, empowering small communities through associations like a raspberry farmers' cooperative in Bosnia that generates income for thousands while investing back into the community. The document argues capitalism must integrate ethical values and support local development through community groups for economic systems to be truly sustainable and beneficial.
Session IV - Policy Considerations in Addressing Malaysian Economic Inequalit...KhazanahResearchInstitute
Malaysian Income Distribution in a Global Context
A Khazanah Nasional Berhad and Khazanah Research Institute Seminar
Session IV - Cross-National Frameworks and the Management of National Inequality
18 January 2018
Session IV - Cross-National Frameworks for the Management of National Inequal...KhazanahResearchInstitute
Malaysian Income Distribution in a Global Context
A Khazanah Nasional Berhad and Khazanah Research Institute Seminar
Session IV - Cross-National Frameworks and the Management of National Inequality
18 January 2018
Session I - Framing the Conversation on Inequality and Development Choices by...KhazanahResearchInstitute
Malaysian Income Distribution in a Global Context
A Khazanah Nasional Berhad and Khazanah Research Institute Seminar
Session I - Global Poverty and Inequality: A View from the Global Consumption and Income Project
18 January 2018
Managing Human Recources Globally - Chapter 15Permata Dinda
This document discusses managing human resources globally and identifies five key learning objectives: 1) factors influencing international HRM, 2) categories of international employees, 3) four levels of global participation and their HRM issues, 4) selecting, training, compensating, and reintegrating expatriate managers. It also covers implications of culture, education, economic systems, and politics/legal factors on HRM practices in foreign countries.
This document discusses managing global human resources. It defines human resource management and globalization. Managing global HR is different due to varied labor markets, mobility issues, legal/cultural barriers, and compensation practices. The benefits of globalization include increased capital/technology flow and consumption. The main HR functions in global contexts are staffing, compensation, training, performance management, and employee relations. Effective global HR is strategic and aligns compensation, training, staffing and culture with organizational strategy. There are various approaches to international staffing such as ethnocentric, polycentric and geocentric. Managing expatriation, compensation and repatriation are also key HR issues for global organizations.
Industry associations are organizations that allow businesses within an industry to interact for mutual benefit. The document discusses several major industry associations in India, including the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI), Confederation of Indian Industry (CII), The Indus Entrepreneur (TIE), Dalit Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industry (DICCI), and Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India (ASSOCHAM). It provides details on the history, objectives, roles and functions of these associations.
This document discusses the campaign to raise Ontario's minimum wage to $14 per hour. The campaign is led by a coalition of advocacy groups including ACORN, the Workers' Action Centre, and the Ontario Coalition Against Poverty. They argue that the minimum wage needs to be increased and indexed to cost of living in order to lift workers and their families out of poverty and close the wage gap.
The document discusses key economic concepts managers use to evaluate different national economic environments. It describes three main types of economic systems - market, command, and mixed - and provides examples of each. Key factors for economic analysis are then outlined, including inflation, unemployment, debt, income distribution, poverty, and balance of payments.
This document discusses social entrepreneurship in India. It defines social entrepreneurship as start-ups and entrepreneurs that develop solutions to social, cultural, or environmental issues. Some key issues addressed in India include rural poverty, unemployment, and educational crisis. It provides examples of several social entrepreneurs in India including Vikash Das who founded Vat Vrikshya to empower women artisans, and Binayak Acharya who started ThinkZone to provide low-cost education to underserved children. Social entrepreneurs in India face challenges such as raising funds, creating awareness, building a sales team, investing in people, and balancing their social vision with business needs.
This document discusses issues in business governance following the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 in response to major corporate accounting scandals. It provides background on the role of businesses in the economy and the need for proper ethical governance. It discusses reactions to SOX through similar laws in other countries and debates around the costs and benefits. Finally, it calls for businesses to practice genuine corporate social responsibility, care for human capital, and support moral education in business schools.
University of Lampung
Economic and Business Faculty
Human Resource Management
International Class
Group 5
-Muhammad Nabil Risqika 1711011102
-Princhita Nabila Maram Pahlawan 1711011128
This document discusses venture capital and its importance for startup growth and economic development. It defines venture capital as financing provided to startup companies and small businesses believed to have long-term growth potential. While risky for investors, venture capital funding is becoming essential for new companies lacking other capital sources. The document outlines the history of venture capital in the US and discusses how venture capital could determine Africa's future by supporting technology startups, as software innovation could help lift millions out of poverty as it has in other nations. The author argues that venture capital funds, operational expertise, and startup founders will be central to technology-driven economic growth.
A conceptual study of social entrepreneurshipdeshwal852
This document summarizes a research article on social entrepreneurship. It defines social entrepreneurship as entrepreneurial activity with an embedded social purpose, focusing on addressing societal problems and creating social value rather than profit. The document discusses how social entrepreneurship differs from corporate social responsibility by existing to directly help those in need. It also examines some of the ethics around social entrepreneurship, how it can be practiced by for-profit organizations, and the importance of developing young social entrepreneurs to solve social issues.
This document provides information on WASME's worldwide network and linkages with various international organizations such as WIPO, ECOSOC, UNESCO, UNCTAD, UNIDO, WCO, UNDP, UNCITRAL, UNESCAP, APCTT, OECD, ICSB, ITC, and ILO. It includes a brief description of each organization and a link for more information. This allows WASME to collaborate with and leverage the expertise and resources of these prominent intergovernmental institutions in order to further its own mission and efforts.
This document discusses social entrepreneurship in the Indian context. It defines social entrepreneurship as creating social change and social capital through a venture that improves productivity and team building. Social entrepreneurship can positively impact economic development policies and outcomes. Key characteristics of social entrepreneurship include having an exclusively social mission, autonomy, innovation, sustainability, and equal opportunities. Applications in industry include employment development, innovating new goods/services, building social capital, and promoting equity. Examples highlighted are microfinance initiatives and policies promoting women's participation. The conclusion states that social enterprises foster equitable and sustainable development through ethical profit-making and should be more organized to build stronger corporate citizenship in India.
ScaleUp Partners is America's only economic development consultancy focused on inculcating Inclusive Competitiveness: improving the competitive performance of underrepresented populations in the innovation economy.
Our approach relies upon three priorities:
1. Changing the economic narrative across underrepresented populations in urban and rural regions
2. Inculcating Inclusive Competitiveness policies and strategies in regions across the U.S.
3. Connecting economically disconnected communities to local innovation ecosystems and economic opportunity
We believe:
STEAM education (science, technology, engineering, arts and math) is a critical educational prerequisite to access the dual pipelines of productivity:
A. High-wage, tech-based workforce
B. High-growth, tech-driven entrepreneurship
ScaleUp Partners assists regions in achieving their economic competitiveness goals through development of Inclusive Competitiveness strategies and frameworks.
We work with educational institutions, foundations, policymakers, elected leadership, tech-based economic development organizations, community development organizations, small businesses, entrepreneurs, funders and equity investors, and regional development organizations nationwide.
Understanding the youth for embracing rural entrepreneurship as a careerdeshwal852
This document discusses rural entrepreneurship and its importance for economic development. It presents results from a study of 240 students (120 male, 120 female) exploring their views on rural entrepreneurship as a career. The key findings are:
1) There was no significant difference between urban and rural male students in their preference for rural entrepreneurship as a career.
2) There was a significant difference between urban and rural female students, with rural females less likely to view rural entrepreneurship as a career choice.
3) Rural entrepreneurship can contribute to economic development through job creation, increased income, balanced regional growth, and utilizing local resources.
The document discusses enterprise development as a key way to address poverty and inequality. It notes that the International Labour Organization established an enterprise development department focused on cooperatives, corporate citizenship, and small business development. Enterprise development can help achieve the UN's Millennium Development Goals by creating jobs and economic growth. Examples provided include microcredit programs like Bangladesh's Grameen Bank that have helped millions escape poverty. The document then focuses on enterprise development strategies and policies in South Africa, including the government's Black Economic Empowerment program which aims to address racial inequalities through initiatives like enterprise development investments. It provides categories and definitions of small, medium and micro enterprises in South Africa and discusses support programs and challenges to enterprise growth.
Businesses exist to both serve the community and maximize owner profits through economic and social roles. Economically, businesses create wealth through sales, employment of workers, and innovation to maintain a competitive advantage. Socially, businesses improve quality of life by providing goods and services, giving consumer choice, and enabling entrepreneurship. Fulfilling these roles increases owner value through profits, which are then taxed to fund community services.
The document discusses the reasons for forming cooperatives and the principles that guide them. It notes that cooperatives aim to address issues like lack of opportunities, income, education, and inequitable distribution of wealth. It then outlines the seven cooperative principles of democratic member control, member economic participation, autonomy and independence, education/training, cooperation among cooperatives, concern for community, and voluntary open membership. The principles are meant to establish a governance structure and distribute profits in a way that differs from other business types.
This document discusses the effects of globalization on productivity-based compensation arrangements and decent work. It begins by defining compensation and its components, including monetary rewards, non-monetary rewards, and psychological rewards. It then discusses the rationale for variable compensation systems and three forms of productivity-based compensation arrangements: time rate systems, payment-by-result, and franchising/joint venture arrangements. The document analyzes the implications of these arrangements in the Philippines, including effects on employment, wages, labor costs, and the informal sector.
The paper starts out by examining the civil society strategy of the Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs which forms the basis for public NGO financing in Denmark. The assessment of the Danish policy environment includes extensive reference to a paper on the role of civil society in pro-poor growth initiatives prepared by CISU, an umbrella and fund for smaller Danish NGOs. Secondly, a couple of studies on the experiences of Danish NGOs working with the private sector are presented. Starting from a short reference to the role of NGOs and private sector in the area of microfinance, the paper then presents the role of the NGO in the development of pro-poor value chains including the planning and analysis process. Interventions are further specified in terms of a number of areas in which NGOs can support lead firms and small producers followed by a presentation of a number of ways that NGOs can ensure that working with the private sector indeed benefits the very poor. (Taken from the paper)
This document provides an overview of social entrepreneurship and social enterprises. It begins by defining social enterprises and explaining their focus on tackling social/environmental needs through business approaches while maintaining a social aim. The document then discusses the spectrum between purely profit-focused businesses and charities, noting where social enterprises fall focusing on generating profit to reinvest over 50%. It also profiles characteristics of social entrepreneurs and differences between social entrepreneurs and social enterprises. The summary concludes by noting the document discusses forces impacting social enterprises, definitions and structures of social enterprises in Europe and the UK, as well as academics and institutions involved in research and education around social entrepreneurship.
Social Entrepreneurship and its Importance for Successful Nonprofit Practice...AshokaFEC
Can Social Entreprenuers Save the World? See Ashoka FEC's Chief Entrepreneur, Valeria Budinich's Keynote address to the Novartis "Power of Partnering" National Meeting from November 9, 2010. The theme focuses on social entrepreneurship and its importance for successful nonprofit practices in today’s economy and culture. Want more info? Check out fec.ashoka.org
The document provides an overview of capitalism including its definition, key historical developments, and moral justifications and criticisms. It defines capitalism as an economic system with private ownership operating under a profit/market system. Key topics discussed include the Protestant work ethic, Marx's critique of exploitation, alternative views emphasizing benevolence over self-interest, and alternatives to capitalism from Buddhist, Christian, and Islamic perspectives emphasizing social justice, charity, and the common good.
Capitalism is an economic system defined by private ownership of production assets and the operation of markets. It has key features like the existence of companies, a profit motive, competition between producers, freedom of enterprise, private property rights, economic inequalities, and the sovereignty of consumers. Supporters argue it is morally justified based on natural property rights and its economic benefits like efficiency. However, critics argue it leads to problems like inequality, concentration of wealth, and the formation of monopolies and oligopolies that undermine competition.
This document discusses the relationship between capitalism and ethics. It argues that while capitalism focuses on profit maximization, ethics encourages consideration of broader stakeholders. It analyzes examples like Enron and the financial crisis where short-term individual gains led to long-term societal losses due to a lack of ethical decision making. The document concludes that for capitalism to be sustainable, ethics must be incorporated as a key component of business and society. Without ethics, actors may realize short-term monetary gains but jeopardize the overall goals of capitalism in the long run. Ethics emerges as a necessity, not a choice, for a well-functioning capitalist system.
The document discusses key economic concepts managers use to evaluate different national economic environments. It describes three main types of economic systems - market, command, and mixed - and provides examples of each. Key factors for economic analysis are then outlined, including inflation, unemployment, debt, income distribution, poverty, and balance of payments.
This document discusses social entrepreneurship in India. It defines social entrepreneurship as start-ups and entrepreneurs that develop solutions to social, cultural, or environmental issues. Some key issues addressed in India include rural poverty, unemployment, and educational crisis. It provides examples of several social entrepreneurs in India including Vikash Das who founded Vat Vrikshya to empower women artisans, and Binayak Acharya who started ThinkZone to provide low-cost education to underserved children. Social entrepreneurs in India face challenges such as raising funds, creating awareness, building a sales team, investing in people, and balancing their social vision with business needs.
This document discusses issues in business governance following the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 in response to major corporate accounting scandals. It provides background on the role of businesses in the economy and the need for proper ethical governance. It discusses reactions to SOX through similar laws in other countries and debates around the costs and benefits. Finally, it calls for businesses to practice genuine corporate social responsibility, care for human capital, and support moral education in business schools.
University of Lampung
Economic and Business Faculty
Human Resource Management
International Class
Group 5
-Muhammad Nabil Risqika 1711011102
-Princhita Nabila Maram Pahlawan 1711011128
This document discusses venture capital and its importance for startup growth and economic development. It defines venture capital as financing provided to startup companies and small businesses believed to have long-term growth potential. While risky for investors, venture capital funding is becoming essential for new companies lacking other capital sources. The document outlines the history of venture capital in the US and discusses how venture capital could determine Africa's future by supporting technology startups, as software innovation could help lift millions out of poverty as it has in other nations. The author argues that venture capital funds, operational expertise, and startup founders will be central to technology-driven economic growth.
A conceptual study of social entrepreneurshipdeshwal852
This document summarizes a research article on social entrepreneurship. It defines social entrepreneurship as entrepreneurial activity with an embedded social purpose, focusing on addressing societal problems and creating social value rather than profit. The document discusses how social entrepreneurship differs from corporate social responsibility by existing to directly help those in need. It also examines some of the ethics around social entrepreneurship, how it can be practiced by for-profit organizations, and the importance of developing young social entrepreneurs to solve social issues.
This document provides information on WASME's worldwide network and linkages with various international organizations such as WIPO, ECOSOC, UNESCO, UNCTAD, UNIDO, WCO, UNDP, UNCITRAL, UNESCAP, APCTT, OECD, ICSB, ITC, and ILO. It includes a brief description of each organization and a link for more information. This allows WASME to collaborate with and leverage the expertise and resources of these prominent intergovernmental institutions in order to further its own mission and efforts.
This document discusses social entrepreneurship in the Indian context. It defines social entrepreneurship as creating social change and social capital through a venture that improves productivity and team building. Social entrepreneurship can positively impact economic development policies and outcomes. Key characteristics of social entrepreneurship include having an exclusively social mission, autonomy, innovation, sustainability, and equal opportunities. Applications in industry include employment development, innovating new goods/services, building social capital, and promoting equity. Examples highlighted are microfinance initiatives and policies promoting women's participation. The conclusion states that social enterprises foster equitable and sustainable development through ethical profit-making and should be more organized to build stronger corporate citizenship in India.
ScaleUp Partners is America's only economic development consultancy focused on inculcating Inclusive Competitiveness: improving the competitive performance of underrepresented populations in the innovation economy.
Our approach relies upon three priorities:
1. Changing the economic narrative across underrepresented populations in urban and rural regions
2. Inculcating Inclusive Competitiveness policies and strategies in regions across the U.S.
3. Connecting economically disconnected communities to local innovation ecosystems and economic opportunity
We believe:
STEAM education (science, technology, engineering, arts and math) is a critical educational prerequisite to access the dual pipelines of productivity:
A. High-wage, tech-based workforce
B. High-growth, tech-driven entrepreneurship
ScaleUp Partners assists regions in achieving their economic competitiveness goals through development of Inclusive Competitiveness strategies and frameworks.
We work with educational institutions, foundations, policymakers, elected leadership, tech-based economic development organizations, community development organizations, small businesses, entrepreneurs, funders and equity investors, and regional development organizations nationwide.
Understanding the youth for embracing rural entrepreneurship as a careerdeshwal852
This document discusses rural entrepreneurship and its importance for economic development. It presents results from a study of 240 students (120 male, 120 female) exploring their views on rural entrepreneurship as a career. The key findings are:
1) There was no significant difference between urban and rural male students in their preference for rural entrepreneurship as a career.
2) There was a significant difference between urban and rural female students, with rural females less likely to view rural entrepreneurship as a career choice.
3) Rural entrepreneurship can contribute to economic development through job creation, increased income, balanced regional growth, and utilizing local resources.
The document discusses enterprise development as a key way to address poverty and inequality. It notes that the International Labour Organization established an enterprise development department focused on cooperatives, corporate citizenship, and small business development. Enterprise development can help achieve the UN's Millennium Development Goals by creating jobs and economic growth. Examples provided include microcredit programs like Bangladesh's Grameen Bank that have helped millions escape poverty. The document then focuses on enterprise development strategies and policies in South Africa, including the government's Black Economic Empowerment program which aims to address racial inequalities through initiatives like enterprise development investments. It provides categories and definitions of small, medium and micro enterprises in South Africa and discusses support programs and challenges to enterprise growth.
Businesses exist to both serve the community and maximize owner profits through economic and social roles. Economically, businesses create wealth through sales, employment of workers, and innovation to maintain a competitive advantage. Socially, businesses improve quality of life by providing goods and services, giving consumer choice, and enabling entrepreneurship. Fulfilling these roles increases owner value through profits, which are then taxed to fund community services.
The document discusses the reasons for forming cooperatives and the principles that guide them. It notes that cooperatives aim to address issues like lack of opportunities, income, education, and inequitable distribution of wealth. It then outlines the seven cooperative principles of democratic member control, member economic participation, autonomy and independence, education/training, cooperation among cooperatives, concern for community, and voluntary open membership. The principles are meant to establish a governance structure and distribute profits in a way that differs from other business types.
This document discusses the effects of globalization on productivity-based compensation arrangements and decent work. It begins by defining compensation and its components, including monetary rewards, non-monetary rewards, and psychological rewards. It then discusses the rationale for variable compensation systems and three forms of productivity-based compensation arrangements: time rate systems, payment-by-result, and franchising/joint venture arrangements. The document analyzes the implications of these arrangements in the Philippines, including effects on employment, wages, labor costs, and the informal sector.
The paper starts out by examining the civil society strategy of the Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs which forms the basis for public NGO financing in Denmark. The assessment of the Danish policy environment includes extensive reference to a paper on the role of civil society in pro-poor growth initiatives prepared by CISU, an umbrella and fund for smaller Danish NGOs. Secondly, a couple of studies on the experiences of Danish NGOs working with the private sector are presented. Starting from a short reference to the role of NGOs and private sector in the area of microfinance, the paper then presents the role of the NGO in the development of pro-poor value chains including the planning and analysis process. Interventions are further specified in terms of a number of areas in which NGOs can support lead firms and small producers followed by a presentation of a number of ways that NGOs can ensure that working with the private sector indeed benefits the very poor. (Taken from the paper)
This document provides an overview of social entrepreneurship and social enterprises. It begins by defining social enterprises and explaining their focus on tackling social/environmental needs through business approaches while maintaining a social aim. The document then discusses the spectrum between purely profit-focused businesses and charities, noting where social enterprises fall focusing on generating profit to reinvest over 50%. It also profiles characteristics of social entrepreneurs and differences between social entrepreneurs and social enterprises. The summary concludes by noting the document discusses forces impacting social enterprises, definitions and structures of social enterprises in Europe and the UK, as well as academics and institutions involved in research and education around social entrepreneurship.
Social Entrepreneurship and its Importance for Successful Nonprofit Practice...AshokaFEC
Can Social Entreprenuers Save the World? See Ashoka FEC's Chief Entrepreneur, Valeria Budinich's Keynote address to the Novartis "Power of Partnering" National Meeting from November 9, 2010. The theme focuses on social entrepreneurship and its importance for successful nonprofit practices in today’s economy and culture. Want more info? Check out fec.ashoka.org
The document provides an overview of capitalism including its definition, key historical developments, and moral justifications and criticisms. It defines capitalism as an economic system with private ownership operating under a profit/market system. Key topics discussed include the Protestant work ethic, Marx's critique of exploitation, alternative views emphasizing benevolence over self-interest, and alternatives to capitalism from Buddhist, Christian, and Islamic perspectives emphasizing social justice, charity, and the common good.
Capitalism is an economic system defined by private ownership of production assets and the operation of markets. It has key features like the existence of companies, a profit motive, competition between producers, freedom of enterprise, private property rights, economic inequalities, and the sovereignty of consumers. Supporters argue it is morally justified based on natural property rights and its economic benefits like efficiency. However, critics argue it leads to problems like inequality, concentration of wealth, and the formation of monopolies and oligopolies that undermine competition.
This document discusses the relationship between capitalism and ethics. It argues that while capitalism focuses on profit maximization, ethics encourages consideration of broader stakeholders. It analyzes examples like Enron and the financial crisis where short-term individual gains led to long-term societal losses due to a lack of ethical decision making. The document concludes that for capitalism to be sustainable, ethics must be incorporated as a key component of business and society. Without ethics, actors may realize short-term monetary gains but jeopardize the overall goals of capitalism in the long run. Ethics emerges as a necessity, not a choice, for a well-functioning capitalist system.
The document discusses several modern phenomena that threaten democracy, including paid news, crony capitalism, lack of legal and ethical business practices, and corporate philanthropy being used more for publicity than social good. Specifically, it notes how paid news deceives citizens and breaks tax laws, how crony capitalism involves favoritism and nexus between politicians and businesses, and how corporate social responsibility programs are sometimes used more for advertising than meaningful social impact.
This document discusses the importance of balancing social responsibility and ethics with financial performance in business. It notes that companies should consider long term goals over short term costs and consider their reputation, brand integrity, and risk of litigation when pursuing profits to best serve shareholders and stakeholders in the long run. Doing good for the world and stakeholders can outweigh some short term financial gains.
The document discusses various recent publications focused on ethics guidelines for journalists. It describes updated codes of ethics from the Society of Professional Journalists and guiding principles from a book edited by Kelly McBride and Tom Rosenstiel. It also summarizes crowd-sourced ethics "building blocks" from ONA, a plagiarism and fabrication guide from several journalism groups, and handbooks on verification and rules for local news startups. The document advocates for continued discussion on ethics from groups like the Reuters Institute and voices like Jay Rosen, and endorses Bob Steele's 10 questions for guiding ethical decisions.
WebInterpret is a solution that allows sellers to increase their international sales and visibility by automatically translating listings to other languages and marketplaces. During a trial period, foreign listings will be visible on the original shop. After the trial, sellers can get discounted international fees by opening shops on marketplaces abroad through WebInterpret. Based on results from beta users, listings translated and marketed internationally through WebInterpret generated over twice as much in sales compared to the same listings only listed on the original shop.
This document summarizes lessons learned from the Enron scandal. Some key points:
- Enron collapsed in 2001 after a major accounting fraud, becoming the largest bankruptcy in U.S. history at the time and wiping out billions in shareholder wealth.
- The scandal exposed widespread corruption and lack of ethics at Enron, including executives profiting while employees lost pensions.
- It also revealed complicity of other organizations like governments, analysts, and business schools in propping up Enron's image without oversight of their business practices.
- In the aftermath, reforms like the Sarbanes-Oxley Act aimed to improve financial reporting and accountability, but more work is still needed to integrate
A Philosophical Approach to the Role of Ethics in BusinessAhsan Zahid
This document discusses the ethics of Socrates. It outlines that Socrates believed that self-knowledge is necessary for living a good life, and that the unexamined life is not worth living. It also discusses that Socrates thought virtue could be taught through gaining knowledge, and that he sought knowledge to guide ethical action. The document analyzes Socrates' views that true happiness comes from doing what is right and tending to one's soul. It examines Socrates' influence on Western ethics and some objections to his views.
This document outlines the important elements of an Organization Ethics Development System (OEDS), including moral leadership, regular assessment, an ethics steering committee, written codes of conduct, preventative steps, ethics training, nominating an ethics officer, and establishing ethics reporting and conflict resolution processes. It also emphasizes the need for ongoing ethics audits and evaluations.
This document discusses environmental ethics and provides definitions of key concepts. It begins by stating that ethics are important for development and societies without ethical principles can experience moral decay. It then defines concepts like values, morals, environment, ecology, ecosystem, and different perspectives on environmental ethics like anthropocentrism, biocentrism, and ecocentrism. The document examines environmental ethics as the application of ethical standards to human relationships with the environment and poses example ethical dilemmas. It explores expanding ethical consideration to include animals, communities, and nature. In closing, it recommends developing a holistic perspective that preserves ecological connections.
This document discusses the ethical and social impacts of information systems. It covers several topics, including privacy and intellectual property issues, system quality concerns, and effects on quality of life. The goals are to analyze ethical problems raised by technology, identify moral aspects of the information society, and examine principles for conducting systems work ethically. Specific issues addressed include accountability, rapid social change, and various types of internet crime and computer abuse.
Today's Environment for Business Ethics and Related Social IssuesQamar Farooq
This document discusses business ethics and social responsibility. It defines business ethics and explains how they are influenced by factors like laws, public acceptance, and trust between businesses and consumers. Organizations shape ethical behavior through codes of conduct, training, and leadership that demonstrates ethical values. Businesses have social responsibilities to the public, customers, employees, and investors. They must consider issues like health, safety, diversity, and the environment. Regulations protect stakeholders, and ethics are important for maintaining society's trust in business.
Today's Environment for Business Ethics and Related Social Issues (Chapter 2)Qamar Farooq
This document provides an overview of business ethics and social responsibility. It discusses how business ethics are shaped by factors like an organization's ethical climate and codes of conduct. It also outlines the responsibilities of businesses to various stakeholders like customers, employees, investors and the public. This includes ensuring product safety, protecting the environment, avoiding discrimination and providing fair opportunities and treatment to all.
This document discusses business ethics and values. It begins by asking whether companies truly apply their ethical values and codes of conduct. It then defines business ethics as the moral principles or guidelines that govern organizational conduct. The document notes that while making money is not wrong, how a business treats individuals and other organizations is important. It argues that good business ethics should be part of every business and discusses factors like a business's responsibility in its relationships with other entities. Overall, the document examines the concept of business ethics and their role and importance in organizations.
The document discusses business ethics and corporate social responsibility. It defines business ethics as determining what should and should not be done from a business perspective. It examines ethical issues like product safety, advertising, the work environment, and the environment. It also discusses three views of ethics - unitarian, separatist, and integrated. The integrated view sees business ethics and morality as interconnected. The document also outlines three theories of normative ethics - stakeholders theory, stockholders theory, and social contract theory. Finally, it provides examples of CSR programs from companies like Nabard, Bank of India, and BPCL.
The Co-operative Bank introduced the world's first ethical banking policy in 1992 in response to growing customer demand. The policy prohibits investment in companies involved in arms, tobacco, human rights abuses, and other industries. It has driven steady growth and increased customer loyalty. While initially controversial, the bank's ethical stance and customer-led approach have now been widely embraced and have positioned it as a pioneer in the field of sustainable and responsible finance.
Confucianism is a philosophy founded by Confucius that focuses on social order, ethics, and restoring harmony. It teaches human-heartedness and proper behavior in relationships. Confucius established schools advocating learning strategies like reviewing lessons and eliciting student understanding. He believed education should be available to all and aimed at developing good citizens, family members, and subjects of the emperor.
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) involves businesses delivering economic, social and environmental benefits to all stakeholders. CSR activities typically go beyond legal compliance and include areas like corporate governance, human rights, community development, and working conditions. While many companies view CSR as philanthropy, it is important for businesses to understand stakeholders' perspectives on their CSR initiatives through research. Implementing CSR can benefit companies through improved public image, employee engagement, and attracting investors.
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2. What is Ethics?
● A group or profession’s values
● Involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right
and wrong conduct.
● Social Responsibility- an ethical framework which suggests that an entity,
be in an organization or individual, has an obligation to act for the benefit
of society at large.
● Study of standards between which we promote human welfare and the
“good”
3. Why Care About Ethics?
● It is about knowing what is right or wrong, and whether is it practical
● Within a business, It is just as important as the actual production and
business transactions that take place in order to make the business
profitable.
● it is important that a business be consistent with both Ethical and Social
practices. If not, it can cause conflict within an individual’s priorities which
in turn can affect economic priorities (Ex: Revenue, Cost, etc..)
4. The Stakeholders
● These are the people that are going to be affected by the practices that an
organization conducts.
● Internal - Board members, Executives, Employees, Trade Unions
● External - Customers, Suppliers, Creditors, Communities, Government
5. ● Since the beginning in 1962 as a small business, it has expanded rapidly
now operating over 7,000 stores in over 13 countries
● The goal is to provide quality products at an affordable price to its
customers
6. Upside of Walmart
● Walmart works close with its suppliers to cut back shipping and packing
costs to save their consumers money.
● In efforts to do so, they enforce strict requirements on their suppliers as
to the production processes
● Within its presence in many areas, walmart is able to provide a lot of jobs
7. Downside of Walmart
● Makes it harder for local businesses to
compete within the area, often calling for them
to cease existence thus creating somewhat of a
monopoly effect. This can correlate to a
decrease in pressure to provide adequate
wages and benefits in that area.
● Walmart has been known to lack proper
working conditions and exhibiting
discrimination among its employees.
● Walmart had been known for failing to provide
healthcare to employees, and not even offering
it at all to part time-employees
8. What’s Right? What's Wrong? How to Improve?
● Overtime, Walmart has continued to work on their weaknesses
● Walmart has since offered health care to both fulltime and part-time
employees. Their most popular plan starts at $18.40 per pay period.
● In efforts to improvement on their environmental concerns, Walmart
came up with Sustainability 360
● Establishing the Global Ethics office
● Aiding in Times of Need
● Partnering with United Way and One Economy Corporation
9. • Starbucks founder and chair Howard Schultz has long
been a public advocate for increased awareness of
ethics in business.
• Involved in social development programs
• Helps to improve the lives of the poor farmers from
whom Starbucks buys its beans.
• Offers most employees a comprehensive benefits
package
• Starbucks in 2005 even spent more money on health
insurance for its employees than on raw materials
required to brew its coffee.
10. Starbucks (continued)
• Starbucks embraces that diversity as an essential component of doing
business. The company has more than 146,000 U.S. employees and
nearly 71,000 outside the United States. Of these, around 31 percent are
minorities, and 67 percent are women.
• Starbucks launched the Shared Planet website which has three main
goals:
1. to achieve ethical sourcing
2. environmental stewardship
3. greater community involvement
• Starbucks also actively partners with nonprofits around the globe.
• Currently, 5 percent of total coffee purchases are Fair Trade Certified.
11. • Starbucks has forced many smaller coffee
shops out of business.
• In 2009 Starbucks made the decision to
close 600 underperforming stores in the
United States and 61 in Australia.
• Starbucks’ current plan includes closing
hundreds of underperforming stores in
the United States and Australia.
12. “It turns out the corporation with the very best CSR is Microsoft, the
Washington-based software giant.”
(forbes)
● Although Microsoft has their flaws, they still portray strong CSR in most areas.
● Microsoft, according to Forbes in 2010, is a company that portrays a strong amount
of Corporate Social Responsibility.
● Their business strategy isn’t only aimed at profitability but it is also aimed at the
environmental and social consequences of their business.
13. Microsoft’s Strong Support for CSR
● Microsoft works with governments,
investors, nonprofits, and a wide
range of other organizations
worldwide to insure their
commitment to social responsibility.
● Internally, Microsoft has developed
many programs that take
responsibility for unfortunate
conditions and situations, nationwide
and worldwide.
14. Microsoft & Social Responsibility
● In 2012, Microsoft launched Microsoft YouthSpark which refocused much of their efforts
around creating opportunities for youths.
● The Initiative behind the program was simply to connect hundreds of millions of youth with
opportunities for education, employment, and entrepreneurship.
● Thus, Microsoft is working to bridge the opportunity divide that separates youth who have
opportunities from those who don’t to help young people secure individual futures.
● Microsoft is also involved in what they call the “Employee Giving Campaign.” In the 2012 Giving
Campaign, employees managed to come up with $1 billion in contributions to more than
31,000 nonprofits around the world.
● Microsoft’s “Match Program,” lead to more than 2 million Microsoft employees volunteering
their time. In total, the Match Program has provided more than $6.5 billion in cash, services,
and software to nonprofits in the world.
15. Microsoft & Jobs
● Microsoft provides thousands of jobs, not only for the US, but also for the
international economy.
● Microsoft provides 115,905 jobs worldwide while 60,515 of them are
American jobs.
● Microsoft is also diverse in their hiring practices as they offer a wide
variety of job titles.
● They hire in engineering, sales and marketing, finance, human resources,
and in typical business functions.
16. Microsoft & Employees
● Microsoft provides employees with flexible work hours treating employees with respect
and continue to provide increased benefits such as maternity leave, paid holidays and
bettered 401(k) plans.
● 8 weeks of fully paid maternity disability leave are provided for new mothers plus 12
weeks of Parental Leave for all parents of new children with 4 weeks paid leave and also
provide increased paid Holidays.
● Microsoft recently announced that by 2016 they will add MLK Day and Presidents Day to
the list of paid Holidays for which employees have a break.
● In 2016, Microsoft will increase the company’s 401(k) match from 50 percent of the first 6
percent that employees defer, to 50 percent of all regular deferrals.
● The current IRS deferral limit is $18,000. Microsoft’s new 401(K) plan will match
employee’s contributions up to the 50% of regular referrals thus it could save employees
17. Downside of Microsoft
● Microsoft has been known to develop its own competing standards thus acting in a
monopolistic manner and eliminating the competitive companies by forcing customers to have
to purchase Microsoft products.
● Microsoft forces its partners to guarantee their loyalty by means of contracts for which they
falsely persuade continued loyalty by threatening their partners that they will lose
competitiveness with others so they will not back out of arrangements.
● A report by the National Labor Committee hones in on conditions at a factory, run by a
company called KYE, which produces hardware (mice, webcams, and some Xbox components)
for Microsoft.
● It was stated that workers worked extremely long shifts, typically making $0.65 an hour, and
like manufacturing operations in China, are forced to live onsite.
18. Nike
● Nike was an early target for the very reason it's been so successful. Its
business model was based on outsourcing its manufacturing and using the
money it saved on aggressive marketing campaigns.
19. Nike Turmoil
•After prices rose and labor organized
in Korea and Taiwan, Nike begins to
urge contractors to move to Indonesia,
China, and Vietnam.
•1996: Kathy Lee Gifford's clothing line
is shown to be made by children in poor
labor conditions. Her teary apology and
activism makes it a national issue.
20. Nike Turmoil Continues
•Abuse continued to emerge, like a report that alleging that a Vietnamese sub-
contractor ran women outside until they collapsed for failing to wear
regulation shoes.
•1997: College students around the country began protesting the company.
•1998: Nike faces weak demand and unrelenting criticism. It has to lay off
workers, and begins to realize it needs to change.
21. Improving Nike
•1998: Ceo Phil Knight announces Nike will raise the minimum age of workers;
significantly increase monitoring; and will adapt U.S. OSHA clean air standards
in all factories.
•1999: Nike begins creating the Fair Labor Association, a nonprofit group that
combines companies, and human rights and labor representatives to
establish independent monitoring and a code of conduct, including a
minimum age and a 60-hour work week, and pushes other brands to join.
22. Nike Standards
•NIKE, Inc. has a code of ethics for all employees called Inside the Lines.
•It defines the standards of conduct they expect employees to follow and
includes a range of topics on employee activity, ethical behavior, product
safety, legal compliance, competition and use of resources.
•Each year, all NIKE, Inc. employees are required to verify that they have read
and understand Inside the Lines.
23. Nike Success
•NIKE, Inc. also operates a global toll-free AlertLine for employees to
confidentially report any suspected violations of the law or our code of ethics.
•Any reported concerns around accounting, auditing or internal control are
communicated to the Board's audit committee, which determines appropriate
action.
24. Nike Success
•While Inside the Lines addresses the behavior of NIKE, Inc. employees, the
Code of Conduct addresses contractors that manufacture Nike-branded
products
•It directs them to respect the rights of their employees and to provide them
with a safe and healthy work environment.
25. Concluding Nike
•Nike was known for outsourcing factory jobs to countries with less strict labor
laws, paying very low wages, and using sweatshops
•They were not the only company to use these practices, however they were one of
the biggest to do it, therefore they received a lot of criticism
•This public criticism forced Nike to review its business practices and code of ethics
•Nike has since changed some of its business practices and ethics to try to improve
its image, but still has some work to do
26. Conclusion
We should care about ethics in capitalism because if companies ignored
ethics and just focused solely on profits, then many people would suffer
consequences from their actions.
The environment would suffer because companies would get rid of their
waste the cheapest way they could, which would mean dumping it in
rivers and lakes; endangering not only the animals that live in and around
the water but also the people that rely on the water for drinking and using
it for their homes
27. Conclusion (Continued)
Their customers would suffer because companies would charge the
maximum amount possible in order to make as much money as possible;
this means that these customers would have less money to spend on
other products and services which would make them choose between
certain products and services, damaging other businesses’ sales
Small and local businesses would suffer because the big corporations would
be able to charge their product for a lower amount than they could
(Walmart and Starbucks cases) due to economies of scale, which would
drive the smaller companies out of business
28. Conclusion (Continued)
Companies that focus on ethics can improve their overall value because
their employees and their customers will be happier, the environment will
be stronger and less polluted, and this will reflect the stock price; making
the company and its shareholders happier