Environmental biology is the study of the relationship between organisms and their external environment. The document defines key terms like environment, ecology, species, habitat, and population. It describes different types of environments like internal/external, natural/built, aquatic/terrestrial/atmospheric. Environmental factors that influence organisms are identified as temperature, climate, biosphere, and others. The challenges facing the environment due to human activity are also discussed, including threats to wildlife.

1. Environmental
biology
Presented By:
Asma Rashid

2. TABLEOFCONTENTS
Completedefination types
challenges
01 02
03

3. ENVIRONMENT
Everything that affects or surround an organism during
its lifetime is collectively known as its environment.
It includes both
 Biotic
 Abiotic

4. ecology
It is defined as:
the surrounding conditions and
elements with which a living thing
interacts with. However, apart from the
physical, there are other types of
elements that make up an environment.
ecology as the study of the
relationship of organisms with their
environment.

5. A biological species is a group of organisms that can reproduce with one another in nature
and produce fertile offspring.
Species

6. the area and resources used by a particular species (the
habitat of a species) or an assemblage of animals and
plants together with their abiotic environment.
Habitat

7. Population
a population consists of all the organisms of a particular
species living in a given area. For instance, we could say
that a population of humans lives in New York City, and that
another population of humans lives in Gross.

8. Types of
Environment
s

9. Types ofenvironmental
Internal and
external
Aquatic,
terrestrial,
and
atmospheric
Natural and
Built

10. Internal and
external
• An internal environment would
be the internal milieu of a
multicellular organism.
Maintaining the internal
environment of an organism
through homeostasis is crucial to
the organism’s survival.
An external environment refers
to the environment outside of
the organism. The next sections
focus on the external
environment.

11. Natural and Built
A natural environment is a type of
environment found in nature. It
includes all naturally occurring things,
both living and nonliving. It, therefore,
involves the complex relationships of
weather, climate, living species, and
natural resources.
Built environments, unlike natural environments,
are made by humans, such as agricultural
conversions or urban settings. With the current
breadth of human interventions and conversions,
many natural environments have acquired some
degree or level of being “built”.

12. Aquatic,
terrestrial, and
atmospheric

13. Marine environments are the largest known environments, they are
characterized by the presence of water with great salt content. On the
other hand, freshwater environments have less salt content. Marine
environments represent about 97% of the water on Earth. Organisms
within marine environments communicate with each other and with their
physical surrounding. These environments are of great importance to
humans because it is an important source of nutrition and resources.
Marine pollution, acidification, and warming are threats to the marine
environment as a result of human activities.
Aquatic

14. Terrestrial
Terrestrial environments are environments found
on land only. It represents the land of islands and
continents and organisms living on them. Unlike
aquatic or marine environments, terrestrial
environments are not abundant in water;
therefore, the presence of water in terrestrial
environments is important. Due to the relatively
lower availability of water, the temperature of
terrestrial environments fluctuates daily and
seasonally. There are six terrestrial ecosystems:
taiga, rainforests, temperate forests, tundra,
deserts, and grassland.

15. Atmospheric
The atmospheric environment refers to the
atmospheric component of an environment. The
atmosphere (air) is a part of the Earth that has a
huge impact on the thriving and survival of many
organisms. Solar radiation, air components,
climate, and air pollution are just some of the
physicochemical attributes that can define an
environment.

16. It is clear that man is a part of the
environment; however, the intervention of a
man produces a built environment. Humans
have developed advanced tools to change
components of the environment to meet their
needs. Some animal species are also capable of
using tools such as raw material to build nests,
mounds, dams, and dwellings. However, their
tools are relatively primitive and often the
impact is not as extensive as that of human
tools and technology. Human technology
became widely distributed all over the world
affecting all aspects of the environment either
directly or indirectly.
CONCLUSION

17. External Environment
Components

18. Environmental factors include temperature,
food, pollutants, population density, sound,
light, and parasites. The diversity of
environmental stresses that have been
shown to cause an increase in asymmetry is
probably not exclusive; many other kinds of
stress might provide similar effects.

19. Microbes have no way to regulate their internal temperature so they must
evolve adaptations for the environment they would like to live in. Changes
in temperature have the biggest effect on enzymes and their activity, with
an optimal temperature that leads to the fastest metabolism and resulting
growth rate. Temperatures below optimal will lead to a decrease in enzyme
activity and slower metabolism, while higher temperatures can actually
denature proteins such as enzymes and carrier proteins, leading to cell
death. As a result, microbes have a growth curve in relation to temperature
with an optimal temperature at which growth rate peaks, as well
as minimum and maximum temperatures where growth continues but is
not as robust. For a bacterium the growth range is typically around 30
degrees.
Temperature

20. The climate is the state of wind, humidity, rain, atmospheric pressure, and
temperature in a given area over a long period of time. It is classified in relation
to different variables such as precipitation and temperature. Conversely,
weather represents the condition of these elements but in the short term only.
Both are important components of the environment. Weather is the sum of all
phenomena taking place at a given time in a given area. Generally, the weather
describes daily temperature values, while the climate describes the average
condition of the atmosphere over a long time.
Climate

21. Biomes are ecological communities of different organisms that are able to adapt to the
environmental conditions and climate in a certain geographic area; therefore, biomes are
large environments characterized by biotic and abiotic factors such as light, temperature,
precipitation, and other factors. Biomes are classified into 6 regions, which may either be
land or aquatic. Land biomes are grassland, forest, tundra, and desert whereas aquatic
biomes are freshwater and marine biomes. Biomes are useful in ecological studies and
ecosystem changes as they provide information about the environments and how they
change, adapt, evolve, and function.
Biosphere

22. Challenges

23. The environment is facing many challenges due to human
technologies. Environmentalism is a social movement that aims to
eliminate or minimize the harmful effect of humans on the
environment. environmentalism is mainly concerned with natural
environments and issues they are facing such as the extinction of
species, change in climate, loss of old forests, and pollution.
Wildlife is generally the natural environment that has not been
affected or modified by man. Wildlife represents regions that are
not controlled or developed by human industrial activity.
Wilderness areas are mainly used to protect some animal species
from extinction, it can also be used in ecological studies and
recreation. Wildlife is greatly valued for its environmental, cultural,
and spiritual importance.

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