The document discusses computerized monitoring and control of wastewater treatment systems. It describes the multi-stage treatment process that uses physical, chemical, and biological processes to remove contaminants from wastewater. A computerized system is used to automatically control and monitor variables like oxygen levels, chemical additions, and return/recycling flows. Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems are implemented to control processes, monitor operations, collect data, and alert operators of abnormalities. Remote monitoring reduces time spent on site inspections.

1. BY
A.PONMALR
10-510-007
ENS 505 WASTE WATER
MANAGEMENT
COMPUTERIZATION AND MONITORING OF
WASTE WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

2. INTRODUCTION
 A Computer based software for monitoring the different
treatment process.
 In order to perform the activity of analyzing a variety of
sampling points and type of samples depending on the
objective of control.
 Type of samples are
1) Treated water.
2) Raw water and waste water.
3) Sludge from sewage works.
4) Treatment reagents, etc.

3. DEFINITION
 Polluted wastewater pumped into the Wastewater
Treatment Plant goes through a complex, multi-
stage treatment process that takes about 22
hours.
 The treatment plant uses physical, chemical and
biological processes to removed contaminants,
producing a high quality discharge.
 All the process are carried out by computerized
system

4. Why Computer Aided Control and
Operation?
A lot of money is being invested into measurement
and monitoring systems in most process industries
today and the wastewater treatment industry is no
exception.

5. System Complexity
The operation and control of a modern process industry,
such as wastewater treatment plants, is often associated
with high complexity.
 The vast source of disturbances,
e.g. changing ambient conditions, mechanical
breakdowns, the large amount of data collected by the
measurement systems.
 A Dynamic conditions caused by changes in the influent
wastewater.
 Complex cause-effect relationships caused by the use of
biological cultures, recirculations and control actions.

6. Automation and Control in Wastewater
Treatment
 The Treatment plants all over the world are equipped
with data collecting systems.
 These systems are used for monitoring, automatic
control and as a decision base for operational
strategies.
 The sample values are often an average over the
sampling period, during which some sensors
continuously deliver values and others perhaps only
once a minute.

7. CONT…
 Some variables are controlled automatically with
controllers.
 The controlled variables are
1) Oxygen level in aerated basins
2) Return and Recycling flow rates
3) Adding of chemicals

8. Monitoring
1. In most process industries, monitoring of the process
and the process output is performed to achieve
conformity with quality, safety and economic
requirements imposed on the production.
2. The level of monitoring differs from various fields.
3. Pioneering efforts can be found for petrochemical and
pharmaceutical industries.
4. Waste water treatment industries cannot be considered
to be the most diligent and systematic users of
monitoring.

9. Industrial waste water monitoring check
list
Each facility with anaerobic wastewater treatment must
monitor these parameters.
 Volume of wastewater entering an anaerobic
reactor or anaerobic lagoon.
 Concentration of COD or BOD of wastewater
entering an anaerobic reactor or lagoon.

10. Anaerobic wastewater or anaerobic sludge treatment processes
with biogas recovery must also monitor these parameters…
 Volumetric flow rate of recovered biogas.
 CH4 content of recovered biogas.
 Temperature
 Pressure
 Moisture content

11. CONT…
 An advanced monitoring system for controlling the
treatment process of wastewater containing
chromium (VI) was developed by using a flow
method as a chemical sensing probe.
 In this system, the acquisition of monitoring
information and the control of the treatment process
is computer-controllable

12. . SEP-1701002-D
ST 203 Chrome Removal Complete System.
 ENPROX 1500D
Wastewater Treatment System 15 GPM.
 ENPROX 500D
Wastewater Treatment System 5 GPM.
Equipment for monitoring wastewater
treatment chemicals

13. Remote Monitoring of Waste Water
Treatment Equipment

14.  Alarm functions enable rapid identification of
abnormalities.
 Reduces time required for periodic monitoring and
patrolling of facilities.
 Systems easy to set up, minimizing engineering man
hours.
 Powerful software (DAQWORX) available for remote
monitoring.
 Measured data can also be saved to the
CX1000/CX2000 storage media for extra security.

15. SCADA IN WASTEWATER
TREATMENT
 SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) + HMI
(Human Machine Interface)
 Its an assemblage of computer and communications
equipment designed to work together for the purpose of
controlling a commercial process.
 SCADA is usually implemented on
1) Manufacturing processes (chemical and
pharmaceutical processing, food processing, and discrete
manufacturing)

16. CONT
2) Treatment processes (wastewater
treatment, municipal water treatment
systems)
3) Distribution systems (gas, oil and water
pipelines)
 Besides control, SCADA systems also
perform monitoring, data logging, alarming
and diagnostic functions.

17. Cont…
 The term SCADA also refers to centralized systems
which monitor and control entire sites or complexes
of systems spread out over large areas.
 SCADA = CCC (Control, Cost reduction and
Confidence)

18. Systems concepts
 Most control actions are performed automatically by
Remote Terminal Units ("RTUs")
 or by programmable logic controllers ("PLCs").

19. FUNCTIONS IN SCADA
 Control function
 Monitoring function
 Data logging function

20. CONTROL FUNCTION
 SCADA systems are capable of running standard
control algorithms like P, PI, and PID regulatory.
 It is for maintaining
1. Specific levels in tanks,
2. Maintaining prescribed flow rates and
3. Maintaining processes at specific temperatures
and pressures.

21. Monitoring Functions
 Providing an effective visual interface
between the process and an operator is often
the main function of the system.

22. Data Logging Functions
 Once data has been brought into the system, the
SCADA system will archive selected data into
electronic records that may be recalled and reviewed
at a later time.

23. A SCADA System usually consists of the
following subsystems
1) Human Machine Interface or HMI
HMS is the apparatus which presents
process data to a human operator and through which
the human operator monitors and controls the
process.
2) A supervisory (computer) system, gathering data on
the process and sending commands to the process.

24. Cont…
3) Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) connecting to
sensors in the process, converting sensor signals to
digital data and sending digital data to the
supervisory system.
4) Communication infrastructure connecting the
supervisory system to the Remote Terminal Units.

25. A SCADA system could be
programmed to
1. Monitor high and low levels in the day tanks.
2. Fill them when a certain level is reached.
3. Calculate and store the volume used.
4. Monitor the level in the main feed tank.
5. Alarm when a certain level is reached to notify
purchasing.
6. Plot the usage of chemicals vs time, process, or any
other parameter.

27. ADVANTAGES
 Systems have multiple levels of security available so
that screens can be locked, hidden or displayed
depending on the security level.
 Higher levels of authorization can change set points
and timing.
 Updating software is a remote operation and is easily
done without a site visit.

28. CONT…
 Once a system is running, program changes are
easily made at little cost.
 We can remotely monitor a system to debug or
update software in real time.
 The system stays running while we work.
 Costs are relatively low and the new object oriented
systems can be programmed rapidly.

29. ABS (Absorbent Bio-filter System)
 ABS significantly lowers costs and increases treatment
performance for rural areas.
 As an alternative to village-scale on-site wastewater
treatment units.
 The monitoring parameters -operational conditions of
the systems are
1) Oxidation Reduction Potential (ORP),
2) Water level,
3) Pump status,
4) Power supply (on / off).

30. CONT…
 The monitoring system included measurement,
control and display devices.
 The dispersed nature of such on-site units has
brought about the need for remote monitoring
systems and integrated management with the least
number of operators in a central location.

31. CMMS (COMPUTERIZED MAINTENANCE
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM)
 It is a software based information management
system used to automate the maintenance
process.
 One major benefit of CMMS is the ability to
schedule equipment and
 maintenance in a way that does not interfere with
use of the equipment.

32. St. Marys New Wastewater Treatment
Plant
 Flow Equalization
 Equipment at the beginning of the treatment plant
controls the volume of wastewater that can be
processed for treatment.
 During high flow conditions (> 9,000,000 gallons per
day) - plant cannot treat all of the flow- electric gate-
divert a portion - 2,700,000 gallon equalization basin-
storage.

33. CONT…
 The captured wastewater in the equalization basin is
automatically returned to the treatment plant for
treatment when system flows return to normal.
 A computerized process monitoring and control
system controls all aspects of flow equalization.

34. Wastewater Treatment Stages
 1. Influent Screening & Vortex De-gritting - large
and heavy inorganic material are removed.
 2. Oxidation Ditch
wastewater is biologically
treated to reduce biological oxygen demand and
to oxidize ammonia.
 The ditch is sized to accommodate the design
loading without the need for separate primary
settling.
 A chemical is added to removed phosphorus.

35. CONT…
 5. Plant Effluent - treated wastewater is discharged to
the St. Marys River.
 6. Cannibal Solids Reduction Process - solids
removed or generated during treatment undergo
further treatment through a cannibal solids reduction
process.

36. CONT…
 3. Final Clarifiers
1) Two peripheral feed clarifiers separate sludge from
treated wastewater.
2) Clear wastewater flows to the disinfection process.
3) Sludge is returned to the oxidation ditch or wasted to
the solids reduction process.
 4. UV Disinfection - the energy from ultraviolet lights is
utilized to reduce the pathogen content of the wastewater.

37. 6. Solids Reduction Process
 Solids separation module.
 Interchange module

38. CONT…
 1. Solids Separation Module -screens small material
from the solids, and an interchange module.
 2. Interchange Module -the solids are subjected to
alternating periods of oxygen-available (aerobic) and
oxygen-deficient (facultative) environments.
 which encourages cannibalization of the
microorganisms and reducing the volume of the
solids.

39. CONT…
 7. Sludge Storage - solids ultimately are wasted from
the cannibal process to one of two digesters for
thickening and storage.
 Sludge is either applied to agricultural land as a soil
conditioner (bio solids) or dewatered and disposed of
in a landfill.

40. The Klagshamn Wastewater
Treatment Plant (WWTP)
 Southern parts of Malmo
 The treatment process has to be monitored and adjusted
continuously through a computerized control system to
ensure that the effluent requirements are fulfilled.

41. COMPUTERIZED MONITORING
 The monitoring is carried out by meters which continuously measure
the
 1) Phosphorus concentration
 2) Water flow and
 3) Other parameters.
 At the Klagshamn laboratory the water from the different stages of the
treatment process is analysed.
 The advantage of using meters is the opportunity to monitor, process
and control the plant as changes occur.

42. REFERENCE:
 St. Marys New Wastewater Treatment Plant
 http://WWW.vasyd.se.
 Stephan J. Sosik, CEO, scada system in waste water treatment.
 S.-K. Kwun, Y.-H. Cho, J.-K. Chun, Development of monitoring
system for a multiple on –site waste water treatment unit mo,
American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers.
 "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCADA"
 Christian Rosen ,Monitoring Wastewater Treatment Systems,
Department of Industrial Electrical Engineering and Automation.
 Sam Bastawros, P.E. Nosa Irenumaagho, P.E. Ewa Gorgi, P.E.,
utilization of computerized maintenance management system at
south side waste water treatment plant