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Enlightenment and Neoclassicism Art
- 1. Enlightenment(18th Century Pluralism)and Neoclassicism18th Century
- 2. 18th CenturyA philosophyof thinking freely unconnected to religion and tradition.
- 3. Participatory and knowledgeablecitizenry
- 4. American and FrenchRevolutions
- 5. Promoted scientific questioningof previous affirmations
- 6.
- 7.
- 8.
- 9. First Iron Bridge(Coalbrookdale, England, 1776)
- 10. Ancient Roman studiesrequired for an elite education
- 11. Increased travel byEuropean and Americans to ItalyElements in Art:Geometric harmony of classical art and architecture
- 12. New innovative buildingmaterials
- 13. Portrait painting againstlandscapes
- 14.
- 15. Moral and honorabledeeds
- 16.
- 17. Loyalty, courage,leadershipGiambattista Tiepolo,Apotheosis of Pisani Family, Ceiling fresco in the Villa Pisani, Stra, Italy, 1761-1762
Editor's Notes
- #5 What two art periods are combined here? Baroque and Rococo, Why?Tiepolo worked in Austria, Germany, Spain and Italy, Master illusionist Airy figures fluttering through vast sunlit skies and fleecy cloudsThe Pisani family members were elevated to the rank of gods in heavenElegance and grace
- #7 Chardin turned away from the artificial to the naturalQuiet scenes of domestic tranquilityPraised ordinary peoplewho lived far from corrupt societyMood of quiet attention, hushed lighting and mellow colors.Gentle sentiment prevails in all his pictures, Emotion borne out of honesty, insight, sympathy
- #8 Again, what do see as common for Chardin? Young children, how quick life can come and go,
- #10 Blend of naturalistic and RococoBritish painterSoft hued light, feathery, brushwork, Hair flows freelyWhy does her Ingenuous sweetness bring it into the enlighteness
- #11 Naturalistic, Heroic toneVirtues of honor, valor, and love of countryThese virtues produced great people and exemplary deeds nobilityRefers to character not aristocratic birth Courage, resolution, patriotism, self sacrifice, rising from humble origins, Modern military hero, not the decadent aristocraticDepicted contemporaries that who participated in great events Clearly individualizedCommunicated a person’s grace and class through standardized conventions:Large scale of the figure relative to the canvas, controlled pose, low horizon line,, landscape setting
- #12 What do you see that is Roman? Piranesi, Giovanni Battista - Italian etcher, archaeologist and architect. He was born in Venice and was active in Rome from 1740. He was famous for his poetic views of Rome and also his fantastic imaginary interiors. Trained in Venice as an engineer and architect, his studies had included perspective and stage design. These skills, allied to his deep knowledge of archaeology, provided the substance for his Vedute (Views), a series of 135 etchings of ancient and contemporary Rome, published from 1745 onwards, Piranesi's image was a thoroughly romanticized one, His most remarkable etchings are perhaps those of imaginary interiors, the 14-740) a series of plates issued in 1749-50 and reworked in 1761. Piranesi was also an outspoken architectural polemicist who believed absolutely in the supremacy of Roman over Greek architecture, (On the Magnificence of Roman Architecture, 1761(Observations on Architecture, 1765), he advocated an imaginative use of antique Roman models to produce a new style of architecture.
- #13 Travel throughout Europe was commonItaly was the most popularAristocrats, wealthy, politicians, diplomats, it came to be known as the Grand tourIt fueled Neoclassicism revival of classicism Ca
- #16 Jacques-Louis David, Oath of the Horatii, 1784Story told of conflict between love and patriotismThe leaders of the warring cities of rome and Alba decided to resolve their conflicts in a seires of encounters waged by three representatives from each side. Roman chose the Horatius brothers who took on the three sons Curatius from Alba, A bride to be of the Curatius sons, and the wife of the youngest Horatius was the sister of a Curatii,They are swearing on their swords held by their fatherContrast of rigid angular and virile forms of the men and curvilinear shapes of the distraught women. Pits enlightenment- leaders, courage, patriotism, loyalty against love sorrow and despair of neoclassical womenBecame the statement of the French Revolution, created neoclassicism to awaken patriotic fervor
- #17 How does this match the definition of neoclassical art?He displayed the knife, the wound and the blood for emphasis and realism
- #18 A writer and David’s friend, assassinated, depicted as a martyred revolutionary Charlotte Corday stabbed him in his medicinal bath taken due to a skin infection