This document provides information about comparatives and superlatives in English. It discusses how they are formed depending on whether the adjective is one or more than one syllable. It also explains how comparatives use "than" and superlatives generally use "the" when preceding the adjective. Some exceptions to normal formation like good, bad, and far are noted. Examples are provided to demonstrate usage and an exercise for students to practice is included with answers. The document also covers the present continuous versus the present simple tenses, noting their typical uses and providing examples for practice.

1. English class 9
Elementary level
Juan José Simón Pérez
Mail: simondeibi@gmail.com

2. ADJECTIVES: COMPARATIVES
AND SUPERLATIVES
Son adjetivos especiales.
Ambos se utilizan para comparar dos o más
cosas.
Los comparativos expresan que una cosa ‘es
mas’ que otra/s’.
Los superlativos expresan que una cosa es ‘la
mas’ entre todas las de su grupo.

3. ADJECTIVES: COMPARATIVES
AND SUPERLATIVES
1) CÓMO SE FORMAN:
FORMACIÓN COMPARATIVOS SUPERLATIVOS
Una sílaba, terminados
en -E
Añadir –r:
Nice - nicer
Añadir –ST:
Nicest
Una sílaba, terminados
en vocal + consonante
Repetir la consonante y
añadir –ER:
Hot – hotter
Repetir la consonante y
añadir –EST:
Hot – hottest
Una sílaba, en el resto
de casos
Añadir –ER:
Slow - slower
Añadir -EST
Slow – slowest
Más de 1 sílaba,
terminados en –Y
Cambiar la –Y por –IER:
happy - happier
Cambiar la –Y por –IEST
Happy – happiest
Más de 1 sílaba, en el
resto de casos
Se pone delante del
adjetivo ‘MORE’
Se pone delante del
adjetivo ‘MOST’

4. ADJECTIVES: COMPARATIVES
AND SUPERLATIVES
2) CÓMO SE UTILIZAN:
COMPARATIVOS: Se utiliza la palabra THAN
tras el adjetivo: He is taller than me.
Se pueden utilizar también conjunciones, p.ej.
BUT: I am tall, but he is taller.
SUPERLATIVOS: Al tratarse de cosas únicas,
generalmente van precedidos de THE: He is
the tallest of his class.

5. ADJECTIVES: COMPARATIVES
AND SUPERLATIVES
3) VARIANTES:
AS + ADJECTIVE + AS: Tan … como…
Utilizado para indicar igualdad.
He is as tall as me – Él es tan alto como yo.
NEGACIÓN: NOT AS + ADJECTIVE + AS:
He is not as tall as me.

6. ADJECTIVES: COMPARATIVES
AND SUPERLATIVES
4) Excepciones:
Ciertos adjetivos son irregulares, es decir, sus
comparativos y superlativos tienen una forma
especial:
ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE
Good Better Best
Bad Worse Worst
Far Further Furthest

7. ADJECTIVES: COMPARATIVES
AND SUPERLATIVES
Exercise. Complete the sentences. Use
comparatives or superlatives of the verbs in
(brackets) and other missing words.
1) Paris is ____ ____ Lyon from here. (far)
2) She is ____ ____ ____ her sister. (beautiful)
3) Their car is the ____ car on the Earth. (good)
4) That jacket is ____ ____ ____ this one.
(expensive)
5) This is a small house, I’d prefer a ___ one.
(big)

8. ADJECTIVES: COMPARATIVES
AND SUPERLATIVES
Answers.
1) Paris is FURTHER THAN Lyon from here.
2) She is MORE BEAUTIFUL THAN her sister.
3) Their car is the BEST car on the Earth.
4) That jacket is MORE EXPENSIVE than this
one.
5) This is a small house, I’d prefer a BIGGER
one.

9. PRESENT CONTINUOUS VS.
PRESENT SIMPLE
Uso del presente simple:
1) Acciones o eventos regulares, hábitos…
He plays tennis most weekends.
2) Hechos y verdades aceptadas
The sun rises in the east.
3) Eventos planeados en horarios
We leave at 8.30 next Monday

10. PRESENT CONTINUOUS VS.
PRESENT SIMPLE
Uso del presente continuo:
1) Acciones en el momento de hablar.
Shh, I'm trying to hear what they are saying .
2) Acciones en progreso, aunque no se realicen
en el momento en que se habla.
We're looking for a new flat.
3) Planes para el futuro que ya están decididos.
We're having dinner with them next week.

11. PRESENT CONTINUOUS VS.
PRESENT SIMPLE
Excepciones:
El presente continuo no se suele utilizar en
verbos de estado, p.ej: love, enjoy, want,
know…
Palabras clave:
P. simple: never, often, always, sometimes,
then, usually…
P. continuo: now, at this moment, today, look!,
listen!...

12. PRESENT CONTINUOUS VS.
PRESENT SIMPLE
 Ejemplos:
-It is 7:50 now and the school opens at 8:00 AM,
so the children are walking to the school.
-They are building a new house there.
- Be careful! You are throwing your coffee on me!
- The sun rises every morning and comes down
every afternoon.
- The sun is shining today!

13. PRESENT CONTINUOUS VS.
PRESENT SIMPLE
 Exercise. Read the sentences with the
appropriate form of the verbs
1) Those boys always (go)______ to the park at
the same time.
2) Now she (not/know) _______ what to do.
3) At this moment I (walk) _______ in the way to
your home.
4) It(rain) ________ now in your town?
5) We (travel) ________ to Paris next month.
6) What time (arrive) _________ the plane?

14. PRESENT CONTINUOUS VS.
PRESENT SIMPLE
 Answers.
1) Those boys always GOES to the park at the
same time.
2) Now she DOESN’T KNOW what to do.
3) At this moment I’M WALKING in the way to
your home.
4) IS IT RAINING now in your town?
5) We ARE TRAVELLING to Paris next month.
6) What time DOES the plane ARRIVE?

15. Thank you for your attention!