Emollients are moisturizing ingredients used in cosmetics and skin care products. They work by forming a protective film on the skin to trap moisture. Common emollients include shea butter, mineral oil, and various plant oils. Emollients are available as creams, lotions, ointments, and soap substitutes. They should be applied regularly, especially after bathing, to keep skin well moisturized. Possible side effects can include irritation or folliculitis, though emollients are generally well tolerated when used as directed.
The presentation contains brief explanation about the Emollients, its types with detailed examples. Brief classification of Rheological additives is also presented along with the applications in cosmeceuticals.
cosmetic and cosmeceutical
Classification of cosmetic and cosmeceutical products
Definition of cosmetics as per Indian and EU regulations, Evolution of cosmeceuticals from cosmetics, cosmetics as quasi and OTC drugs
Cosmetic excipients: Surfactants, rheology modifiers, humectants, emollients, preservatives. Classification and application
Skin: Basic structure and function of skin.
Hair: Basic structure of hair. Hair growth cycle.
Oral Cavity: Common problem associated with teeth and gums
The presentation contains brief explanation about the Emollients, its types with detailed examples. Brief classification of Rheological additives is also presented along with the applications in cosmeceuticals.
cosmetic and cosmeceutical
Classification of cosmetic and cosmeceutical products
Definition of cosmetics as per Indian and EU regulations, Evolution of cosmeceuticals from cosmetics, cosmetics as quasi and OTC drugs
Cosmetic excipients: Surfactants, rheology modifiers, humectants, emollients, preservatives. Classification and application
Skin: Basic structure and function of skin.
Hair: Basic structure of hair. Hair growth cycle.
Oral Cavity: Common problem associated with teeth and gums
Myself Omkar Tipugade , M -Pharm sem II , Department of Pharmaceutics . today i upload presentation on addressing dry skin , acne , pigmentation , prickly heat , body odor .
ANTIPERSPIRANTS AND DEODORANTS : MECHANISM OF ACTIONojaswinihemane
Antiperspirants and deodorants are personal care products used to manage body odor and sweat. Antiperspirants reduce sweat production, while deodorants mask or neutralize odor. They come in various forms and are widely used for daily hygiene and comfort.
Emollients are moisturising treatments applied directly to the skin to soothe and hydrate it. They cover the skin with a protective film to trap in moisture.
Emollients are often used to help manage dry, itchy or scaly skin conditions such as eczema, psoriasis.
Emollients are available as:
Lotions – good for hairy or damaged areas of skin (such as weeping eczema) as they are thin and spread easily, but they're not very moisturising
Sprays – good for hard-to-reach areas and for sore or infected skin that shouldn't be touched; quickly absorbed
Creams – good for daytime use as they're not very greasy and are absorbed quickly
Ointments – good for very dry, thickened skin and for night-time use as they are greasy, thick and very moisturising; they're usually free of preservatives so are suitable for sensitive skin, but they shouldn't be used on weeping eczema
Bath Oils and Shower Products
Soap Substitutes
Leave-on emollients
Emollient lotions, sprays, creams and ointments should be applied directly to the skin. They should be smoothed, not rubbed, into the skin gently and in the same direction that your hair grows, to help prevent hair follicles from getting blocked.
They can be used to replace lost moisture whenever your skin feels dry or tight. They are very safe and you can't overuse them.
You may need to experiment with different emollients or try a combination. For example, you may decide to use a cream during the day and an ointment at night.
Leave-on emollients
Emollient lotions, sprays, creams and ointments should be applied directly to the skin. They should be smoothed, not rubbed, into the skin gently and in the same direction that your hair grows, to help prevent hair follicles from getting blocked.
They can be used to replace lost moisture whenever your skin feels dry or tight. They are very safe and you can't overuse them.
You may need to experiment with different emollients or try a combination. For example, you may decide to use a cream during the day and an ointment at night.
Leave-on emollients
Emollient lotions, sprays, creams and ointments should be applied directly to the skin. They should be smoothed, not rubbed, into the skin gently and in the same direction that your hair grows, to help prevent hair follicles from getting blocked.
They can be used to replace lost moisture whenever your skin feels dry or tight. They are very safe and you can't overuse them.
You may need to experiment with different emollients or try a combination. For example, you may decide to use a cream during the day and an ointment at night.
Leave-on emollients
Emollient lotions, sprays, creams and ointments should be applied directly to the skin. They should be smoothed, not rubbed, into the skin gently and in the same direction that your hair grows, to help prevent hair follicles from getting blocked.
They can be used to replace lost moisture whenever your skin feels dry or tight.
Myself Omkar Tipugade , M -Pharm sem II , Department of Pharmaceutics . today i upload presentation on addressing dry skin , acne , pigmentation , prickly heat , body odor .
ANTIPERSPIRANTS AND DEODORANTS : MECHANISM OF ACTIONojaswinihemane
Antiperspirants and deodorants are personal care products used to manage body odor and sweat. Antiperspirants reduce sweat production, while deodorants mask or neutralize odor. They come in various forms and are widely used for daily hygiene and comfort.
Emollients are moisturising treatments applied directly to the skin to soothe and hydrate it. They cover the skin with a protective film to trap in moisture.
Emollients are often used to help manage dry, itchy or scaly skin conditions such as eczema, psoriasis.
Emollients are available as:
Lotions – good for hairy or damaged areas of skin (such as weeping eczema) as they are thin and spread easily, but they're not very moisturising
Sprays – good for hard-to-reach areas and for sore or infected skin that shouldn't be touched; quickly absorbed
Creams – good for daytime use as they're not very greasy and are absorbed quickly
Ointments – good for very dry, thickened skin and for night-time use as they are greasy, thick and very moisturising; they're usually free of preservatives so are suitable for sensitive skin, but they shouldn't be used on weeping eczema
Bath Oils and Shower Products
Soap Substitutes
Leave-on emollients
Emollient lotions, sprays, creams and ointments should be applied directly to the skin. They should be smoothed, not rubbed, into the skin gently and in the same direction that your hair grows, to help prevent hair follicles from getting blocked.
They can be used to replace lost moisture whenever your skin feels dry or tight. They are very safe and you can't overuse them.
You may need to experiment with different emollients or try a combination. For example, you may decide to use a cream during the day and an ointment at night.
Leave-on emollients
Emollient lotions, sprays, creams and ointments should be applied directly to the skin. They should be smoothed, not rubbed, into the skin gently and in the same direction that your hair grows, to help prevent hair follicles from getting blocked.
They can be used to replace lost moisture whenever your skin feels dry or tight. They are very safe and you can't overuse them.
You may need to experiment with different emollients or try a combination. For example, you may decide to use a cream during the day and an ointment at night.
Leave-on emollients
Emollient lotions, sprays, creams and ointments should be applied directly to the skin. They should be smoothed, not rubbed, into the skin gently and in the same direction that your hair grows, to help prevent hair follicles from getting blocked.
They can be used to replace lost moisture whenever your skin feels dry or tight. They are very safe and you can't overuse them.
You may need to experiment with different emollients or try a combination. For example, you may decide to use a cream during the day and an ointment at night.
Leave-on emollients
Emollient lotions, sprays, creams and ointments should be applied directly to the skin. They should be smoothed, not rubbed, into the skin gently and in the same direction that your hair grows, to help prevent hair follicles from getting blocked.
They can be used to replace lost moisture whenever your skin feels dry or tight.
Having good skin is important to a lot of people. The skin is the largest organ in the body, and it is always open to the outside world. Moisturizing is one of the most important parts of a skin care practice. Moisturizing keeps the skin moist, soft, and flexible. We’ll talk about the magic of moisturizing and how to keep your skin hydrated and glowing in this piece.
Does your skin turn bright red, itch, or even break out when you switch laundry detergent? Are you done trying out and unable to enjoy all those tremendously fragrant lotions your family and friends give you during the holidays? If your answer is yes, then you may be dealing with sensitive skin.
Sensitive skin is not a specific diagnosis. It is a general name applied to a group of skin conditions. Whether it is an actual allergen such as poison oak or just a new body wash, sensitive skin will likely react to a stimulus.
this ppt presentation handles the topic of acne vulgaris which has proven to be a wide epic disease necessitating pharmacologic and non pharmacologic care for best outcomes
Everyone is aware of the fact that skin is the largest organ of our body. Thus it needs to be taken good care of! Many of us do not pay as much attention as it needs in our day to day schedule.
Prevent baths and showers from making dry skin worse. When your skin is dry, be sure to Close the bathroom door
Limit your time in the shower or bath to 5 or 10 minutes
Use warm rather than hot water
Wash with a gentle, fragrance-free cleanser
Apply enough cleanser to remove dirt and oil, but avoid using so much that you see a thick lather
Blot your skin gently dry with a towel
Slather on the moisturizer immediately after drying your skin
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Factory Supply Best Quality Pmk Oil CAS 28578–16–7 PMK Powder in Stockrebeccabio
Factory Supply Best Quality Pmk Oil CAS 28578–16–7 PMK Powder in Stock
Telegram: bmksupplier
signal: +85264872720
threema: TUD4A6YC
You can contact me on Telegram or Threema
Communicate promptly and reply
Free of customs clearance, Double Clearance 100% pass delivery to USA, Canada, Spain, Germany, Netherland, Poland, Italy, Sweden, UK, Czech Republic, Australia, Mexico, Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan.Door to door service
Hot Selling Organic intermediates
HOT NEW PRODUCT! BIG SALES FAST SHIPPING NOW FROM CHINA!! EU KU DB BK substit...GL Anaacs
Contact us if you are interested:
Email / Skype : kefaya1771@gmail.com
Threema: PXHY5PDH
New BATCH Ku !!! MUCH IN DEMAND FAST SALE EVERY BATCH HAPPY GOOD EFFECT BIG BATCH !
Contact me on Threema or skype to start big business!!
Hot-sale products:
NEW HOT EUTYLONE WHITE CRYSTAL!!
5cl-adba precursor (semi finished )
5cl-adba raw materials
ADBB precursor (semi finished )
ADBB raw materials
APVP powder
5fadb/4f-adb
Jwh018 / Jwh210
Eutylone crystal
Protonitazene (hydrochloride) CAS: 119276-01-6
Flubrotizolam CAS: 57801-95-3
Metonitazene CAS: 14680-51-4
Payment terms: Western Union,MoneyGram,Bitcoin or USDT.
Deliver Time: Usually 7-15days
Shipping method: FedEx, TNT, DHL,UPS etc.Our deliveries are 100% safe, fast, reliable and discreet.
Samples will be sent for your evaluation!If you are interested in, please contact me, let's talk details.
We specializes in exporting high quality Research chemical, medical intermediate, Pharmaceutical chemicals and so on. Products are exported to USA, Canada, France, Korea, Japan,Russia, Southeast Asia and other countries.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Surgical Site Infections, pathophysiology, and prevention.pptx
Emollients in cosmetics
1. 1
AISSMS College of Pharmacy, Pune
EMOLLIENTS IN COSMETICS
In Subject
COSMETICS AND COSMECEUTICALS
Guided By - Dr. Mangesh Bhalekar Sir
(Department of Pharmaceutics)
Presented by- Dhananjay S. Pagare.
(M.Pharm 1st Year)
3. Introduction
• The term emollient refers to materials that are able to soften
skin. The word is actually derived from mollire which is a Latin verb
meaning “to soften.”
• In the cosmetic formulating world emollients are ingredients
incorporated into products to improve the feel of skin and hair. Use of
these ingredients for cosmetic purposes dates back to the earliest
days of recorded history.
• Emollients are also sometimes known as moisturizer
3
4. Definition
• Emollients are moisturising treatments applied directly to the skin to
smooth and hydrate it. They cover skin with a protective film to trap
in moisture.
• An emollient is a humectant, a lubricant, and an occluder. Occlusion
puts a layer of oil on the skin's surface, slowing down water loss. A
humectant enhances the surface of the skin's capacity to hold water.
A lubricant reduces friction when anything rubs against the skin
4
5. The common emollients are:
• Shea butter
• Cocoa butter
• Mineral oil
• Lanolin
• Petrolatum
• Paraffin
• Beeswax
• Squalene
• Coconut, jojoba, sesame, almond,
and other plant oils
• Cetyl alcohol
• Olive oil (oleic acid)
• Triethylhexanoin
Lanolin
Paraffin
Triethylhexanoin5
6. How do emollients work?
• Emollients are available in different forms like creams, ointments,
lotions or gels that will have a different feel on your skin. Many
contain lipids, like white soft paraffin, which are ingredients that work
as occlusives, meaning they create a barrier to help prevent water
from getting out of the skin. Some emollients also contain ingredients
like urea that act as humectants, which are able to attract moisture to
the skin and keep it there.
6
7. Types
There are many differente emollients in many different formulation.
Most can be purchased over the counter.
• Soap substituents
• Creams
• Lotions
• Ointments
7
8. Soap substitute
• Mix a small amount (around teaspoonful) of soap
substitute in the palm of your hand with a little warm
water and spread it over damp or dry skin. Rinse and put
the skin dry, being careful not to rub it. You can use soap
substitutes for handwashing, showering or in the bath
• Emollient soap substitutes do not foam but are just as
effective at cleaning the skin as soap. Soap substitutes
can either be applied before bathing, showering or
washing, or while in the water
• Ingredients
PARAFFINUM LIQUIDUM
ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE
PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE
8
9. Creams
• Creams contain a mixture of fat and water and
feel light and cool to the skin. For this reason
many people with eczema prefer creams for day
time use. All creams contain preservatives and
people can become sensitive to them, although
this is not common.
• AproDerm® Emollient Cream contains:
• Active Ingredients: White Soft Paraffin 15%, Liquid Paraffin
6%.
• Other Ingredients: Ceteareth-20, Macrogol Cetostearyl
Ether, Cetostearyl Alcohol, Sodium Hydrogen Phosphate,
Phosphoric Acid / Sodium Hydroxide, Euxyl PE 9010,
Purified Water.
• Storage:
• Store below 25°C. Do not refrigerate or freeze.
9
10. Lotion
• Lotions contain more water and less fat than creams, but are not very
effective at moisturising the skin. However, they are useful for hairy
areas of the body
• Contains the most water and least oil, so are the least effective in
moisturising the skin. They usually contain preservatives (ingredients
that help to protect the product from bacteria/germs and increase its
shelf life) which may cause skin irritation. Lotions are useful for hairy
areas such as scalps and areas of weepy skin.
10
12. Ointments
• Ointments do not contain preservatives. Ointments can be very greasy
and some people find them cosmetically unacceptable. However,
because they are very effective at holding water in the skin, they are
useful for very dry and thickened skin. Ointments should not be used on
weeping eczema – use a cream or lotion instead.
• Greasy in nature, they are usually made of white soft paraffin or liquid
paraffin and are ideal for very dry or thickened skin. Normally applied at
night, they do not usually contain preservatives and are therefore less
likely to cause skin reactions.
12
13. When emollient applied?
• Emollients can be applied as often as you like to keep the skin well moisturized
and in good condition. Ideally, this should be done at least three or four times a
day.
• It's especially important to regularly apply an emollient to your hands and face, as
they're exposed to the elements more than any other part of your body.
• Certain activities, such as swimming or gardening, can irritate the skin. It may
help to apply an emollient before doing these.
• It's a good idea to protect babies' hands and cheeks with an emollient before
meal times to stop them getting sore from food and drink.
• Emollients are best applied after washing your hands, taking a bath or showering
because this is when the skin most needs moisture. The emollient should be
applied as soon as you have patted your skin dry to ensure it is properly
absorbed.
13
14. How much emollient should be applied?
• The quantity of leave-on emollient
required will vary depending on the
size of the person, the severity of the
skin condition, and whether the
emollient is also being used as a
soap substitute. As a general guide,
if you needed to treat the whole
body, the recommended quantities
used are 600g per week for an adult,
and 250-500g per week for a child
under 12.
14
15. Possible side effects from emollients
• Irritant reactions: These include an overheating, 'burning' sensation
or stinging. It is usually caused by a reaction to a certain ingredient
contained in the cream or lotion. If the stinging is painful and
continues, try a different emollient.
• Folliculitis: Some emollients that work by sealing wounds or cracks in
the skin with a protective barrier (occlusive) can occasionally cause
hair follicles to become blocked and inflamed (folliculitis) and cause
boils (painful, red bumps on the skin)
• Facial rashes: Some facial emollients can cause rashes on the face and
can aggravate acne (a skin condition that occurs on the face and
commonly affects people during their teenage years)
15
16. Applications
• Moisturizers and emollients are recommended for people with eczema and psoriasis,
at any age.
• One study that looked at the feasibility of skin barrier treatment from birth
concluded: "The results of this trial demonstrate that emollient therapy from birth
represents a feasible, safe, and effective approach for atopic dermatitis prevention. If
confirmed in larger trials, emollient therapy from birth would be a simple and low-
cost intervention that could reduce the global burden of allergic diseases.“
• People with eczema or psoriasis can find soap too drying to the skin , Many bar
soaps, liquid soaps, and cleansers and perfume products can irritate the skin.
Emollient soaps substitutes do not foam but they clean the hands and skin, They can
be applied before washing or in the water.
• Aqueous creams or emulsifying ointments are good alternatives for hand and bath
soaps, because they do not strip the skin of its surface layer, as most soaps do.
Aqueous creams can be used instead of shaving foam.
16
17. • Emollient creams and ointments are less greasy than ointments, but
they might sting after the first application, especially if the skin is very
dry. Symptoms normally settle down within a few days.
• For children who are at risk of developing infected eczema, bath oils
with an antiseptic may offer protection, but these should be used
occasionally. The label will state the recommended amount that
should be used. A high concentration may cause skin irritation.
• Bubble baths can dry and irritate the skin, but bathing helps to
remove skin and dirt that could contribute to infection. Emollient
bath additives or bath oils added to bathwater can help prevent the
loss of moisture from the skin.
17
18. References
• Dhar S, Parikh D, Rammoorthy R, Srinivas S, Sarkar R, Inamadar A, Shah M,
Banerjee R, Kanwar AJ, Mendiratta V, George R, Gulati R. “Role of
emollients”. Indian J Paediatr Dermatol 2017;18:179-81
• Department of dermatology, version 1 ,Review December 2014, Oxford
University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU.
• https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-465/emollient-topical/details
• http://www.eczema.org/emollients
• https://www.sharecare.com/health/moisturizer-ingredients/what-
emollients-skin-care-products
• https://www.e45.co.uk/your-routine/what-are-emollients/#section4
18