The document is a presentation on embedded systems covering their definition, components, characteristics, and various application areas such as telecommunication and automotive. It also discusses the 8051 microcontroller, its features, and development tools, highlighting challenges and future trends in embedded systems. Ultimately, it emphasizes the increasing integration of microprocessors in everyday devices, making them 'smart'.

1. PRESENTATION
ON
“Embedded System”
Submitted to :-
ECE DEPARTMENT
HARYANA ENGINEERING
COLLEGE, JAGADHRI
Submitted by :-
Name ABHISHEK
SHARMA
Roll no. 1817203

2.  What are embedded system
 Components
 characteristics
 Application Areas
 Application
 Microcontroller
 The 8051 Microcontroller
 features of 8051
 Embedded Software Development Tools
 Challenges
 Future Trends
 Conclusion
CONTENT

3. An embedded system is a special purpose computer that is used
inside of a device.
A Combination of hardware and software that forms the
components of a larger systems.
Embedded systems are those systems that are similar to
computer but are designed for some specific task, they may have
lesser components associated to it, then PC. They may or may not
contain all components of a computer system.
What are Embedded System

4. 1. Embedded hardware :-It mainly consists of a
microcontroller with various peripheral IC’s.
2. Embedded RTO’S :-All intelligent devices that perform
complex functions have an embedded operating system
inside.
3. Device drivers :-The software that acts as a interface
between the operating system and the peripheral
device is called the device driver
COMPONENTS OF AN EMBEDDED
SYSTEMS

5. 4. Communication stacks :-If the embedded device is
capable of communicating to the external world, it
has a communication software stack running on the
top of operating system.
5. Embedded application :-It performs the predefined
function of the embedded device.
COMPONENTS OF AN EMBEDDED
SYSTEMS

6. CHARACTERISTICS OF EMBEDDED
SYSTEMS
• They perform a single set of functions.
• Works in a time constrained environment.
• Provide high performance and reliability.
• Mostly Embedded systems have low cost because they are mass produced in
millions.

7. APPLICATION AREAS
3.2
8.9
3.2
3.7
9.4
8.5
10.1
19.4
3.6
5.3
7.3
6.8
4.1 HOME APPLIANCES
AUDIO/VISUAL EQUIPMENTS
ENTERTAINMENT &EDUCATION
PERSONAL INFORMATION
APPLIANCES
COMMUNICATION
COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT
TRANSPORTATION RELATED
FACTORY AUTOMATION
ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
MEDICAL EQUIPMENT
COMMERCIAL SYSTEM
MISCELLANEOUS INSTRUMENTS
OTHER

8. APPLICATION
• Telecom
Mobile phone systems, modems, routers.
• Automotive applications
airbag release systems, engine-management, cruise control applications
• Domestic appliances
Dishwashers, televisions, washing machines microwave ovens, Video recorders,
• Robotic
Firefighting robots, Automatic floor cleaner, robotic arm etc.
• Aerospace applications
Flight control systems, engine controllers, autopilots
• Medical equipment
An anesthesia monitoring systems, ECG monitors, Drug delivery system,
MRI scanners.

9. • A Microcontroller is a complete computer system built on a
single chip.
• It contains all components like Processor (CPU), RAM,
ROM,
Serial port, Parallel port, Interrupt logic, Timers etc.. On
chip.
• A Microcontroller saves cost, saves power consumption
and makes the circuit compact.
• Microcontroller are ideally suited for appliances like remote
controllers, refrigerators, microwave ovens, modems etc.
Microcontroller

10. The 8051 Microcontroller :
• The first microcontroller 8051 was
developed by Intel Corporation in the
year 1981. It was called as a “System
on a chip”. Intel refers to it as MCS-51
now.
• The 8051 is a high performance
single chip computer intended for use
in sophisticated real time application
such as instrumentation, industrial
control and computer peripherals.
• It provides extra feature like
interrupts, bit address ability and an
enhanced set of instructions, which

11. Features of 8051
• 8051 is an 8-bit Microcontroller, it has an 8 bit ALU. This means all arithmetic and
logic
Operations are of 8 bits.
• It has an 8-bit data bus, so all external Data Transfer will be of 8-bits in one cycle.
• It has 16-bit address bus, so it can address total of 64k external memory locations.
• It has internal ROM of 4KB used for storing programs.
• It has internal RAM of 128 bytes used for storing data.
• Since program memory (ROM) and data memory (RAM) are separate, 8051 follows
Harvard Model. In contrast, Processor based on Von Neumann Model store
programs and data in a common memory space.
• There are 4, 8-bit bidirectional I/O ports for interfacing external devices like
keyboards, displays etc. These ports can also be used for their alternate functions
like multiplexed address data buses and control signals.

12. Features of 8051
• It has a serial port for long distances communication .
The serial port can perform synchronous and asynchronous transfers.
• 8051 has two, 16-bit Timers which act as ‘up’ counters.
They are used to produce hardware delays and for counting external events.
• There are 5 interrupts, operating at two priority levels.
• 8051 has two power saving modes called “Idle mode” and “Power Down Mode”.
• In addition to internal memory, up to 64 KB of external RAM and external ROM can
be connected, as per user requirement. The figure 64 KB is due to the 16-bit address
bus.
• 8051 is a 40-pin IC and typically operates at 12 MHz frequency.

13. 8051 Internal Architecture

14. 8051 Pin Description
Ground
Voltage Supply
(+5V)

15. Software:Keil µVision IDE
 The µVision IDE from Keil
combines project management,
make facilities, source code
editing, program debugging,
and complete simulation in one
powerful environment. The
µVision development platform
is easy-to-use and helping you
quickly create embedded
programs that work. The
µVision editor and debugger
are integrated in a single
application that provides a
seamless embedded project
development environment.

16. Precise engineering and design.
Low in cost.
High performance.
Careful selection of chips.
Efficiency.
 In short, the challenge is to provide affordable, highly
integrated devices meeting stringent requirements for
safety, security, reliability, availability and at the same
time keeping the cost low.
CHALLENGES

17. Adaptive cruise control
Telemedicine
Telemetry
Security
Wireless Communication
Internet of Things (IoT)
Deep Learning
FUTURE TRENDS

18. The world of embedded systems is a dreamer’s
paradise with unlimited possibilities.
It make controlling all the systems around just by a
simple gesture and the things respond to you as if it
was some magic.
As microprocessors are becoming smaller and
cheaper, more and more products are becoming
‘smart’ with microprocessors embedded in them.
CONCLUSION

19. THANK YOU