Embedded Software
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Objectives: What is Embedded software Difference between embedded and other software's Types of embedded software's and embedded systems characteristics of Embedded Software embedded system design
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Introduction to Embedded System
this presentation provides a very good information about Embedded and Computer Architecture
Written By Eng: Zakriua Gomma
Foult Tolerence In Distributed System
Distributed systems use multiple autonomous computers that communicate via messages to improve processing throughput, allow for CPU specialization, and provide fault tolerance. Faults in distributed systems can include data corruption, hanging processes, misleading return values, hardware/software/network outages, and resource overcommitment. To provide fault tolerance, processes are replicated across multiple computers so the system can continue functioning even if some processes fail. There are different types of faults like crash faults, omission faults, and Byzantine faults. Recovery from failures can use backward or forward recovery approaches.
Introduction to Embedded Systems
An embedded system is a dedicated computer system that performs specific tasks, and is embedded as part of a complete device including hardware and software. Examples include watches, washing machines, cell phones and more. Embedded systems have limited memory and processing capabilities compared to general purpose computers. They also have dedicated functions and real-time constraints. Microcontrollers are commonly used in embedded systems and contain a CPU, memory and programmable input/output peripherals on a single chip. Real-time operating systems help schedule tasks to meet timing constraints in embedded systems.
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Introduction to embedded system design
1) Embedded systems are computer systems designed to perform dedicated functions within larger mechanical or electrical systems, often with real-time computing constraints.
2) Hardware platforms for embedded systems include microcontrollers optimized for control applications, digital signal processors for data-intensive applications, and programmable hardware or ASICs.
3) System specialization is important for embedded systems, through techniques like application-specific instruction sets, optimized memory architectures, and heterogeneous registers. This improves properties like performance, power efficiency, and predictability.
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Foult Tolerence In Distributed System
Distributed systems use multiple autonomous computers that communicate via messages to improve processing throughput, allow for CPU specialization, and provide fault tolerance. Faults in distributed systems can include data corruption, hanging processes, misleading return values, hardware/software/network outages, and resource overcommitment. To provide fault tolerance, processes are replicated across multiple computers so the system can continue functioning even if some processes fail. There are different types of faults like crash faults, omission faults, and Byzantine faults. Recovery from failures can use backward or forward recovery approaches.
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An embedded system is a dedicated computer system that performs specific tasks, and is embedded as part of a complete device including hardware and software. Examples include watches, washing machines, cell phones and more. Embedded systems have limited memory and processing capabilities compared to general purpose computers. They also have dedicated functions and real-time constraints. Microcontrollers are commonly used in embedded systems and contain a CPU, memory and programmable input/output peripherals on a single chip. Real-time operating systems help schedule tasks to meet timing constraints in embedded systems.
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This document discusses the basic functions and types of real-time operating systems (RTOS) for embedded systems. It describes key RTOS functions like integrated development environments, timers, scheduling, device drivers, inter-process communication, and memory management. It also categorizes different types of RTOS as in-house developed, broad-based commercial, general purpose OS with RTOS features, and special focus RTOS tailored for specific processors. Overall, the document provides a high-level overview of RTOS functions and classifications.
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This document discusses parallel computer memory architectures, including shared memory, distributed memory, and hybrid architectures. Shared memory architectures allow all processors to access a global address space and include uniform memory access (UMA) and non-uniform memory access (NUMA). Distributed memory architectures require a communication network since each processor has its own local memory without a global address space. Hybrid architectures combine shared and distributed memory by networking multiple shared memory multiprocessors.
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1) Embedded systems are computer systems designed to perform dedicated functions within larger mechanical or electrical systems, often with real-time computing constraints.
2) Hardware platforms for embedded systems include microcontrollers optimized for control applications, digital signal processors for data-intensive applications, and programmable hardware or ASICs.
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The document provides an introduction to embedded systems, including:
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- Early examples include NASA's Apollo guidance computer and the Autonetics D-17 guidance computer.
- Embedded systems typically include a CPU, memory, and input/output devices integrated into a single microprocessor-based unit.
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This document discusses techniques for achieving fault tolerance in systems. It defines key terms like fault, error, failure and describes different types of faults like hardware faults and software faults. It also discusses fault detection methods like online and offline detection. The document covers different approaches to provide redundancy for fault tolerance like hardware, software, time and information redundancy which can help systems continue operating despite failures.
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The document provides an introduction to embedded systems, including:
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The quality of software systems may be expressed as a collection of Software Quality Attributes. When the system requirements are defined, it is essential also to define what is expected regarding these quality attributes, since these expectations will guide the planning of the system architecture and design.
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thank you
Embedded systems
1. The document discusses embedded systems, which combine computer hardware and software to perform specific functions within larger systems or devices.
2. Embedded systems differ from general purpose computers in that they are designed for specific applications rather than being generic. Real-time embedded systems have strict timing constraints for completing tasks.
3. Common components of embedded systems include processors, memory, inputs and outputs. Design considerations include processing power, memory, cost, lifespan and reliability. C programming is commonly used for developing embedded system software.
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The document discusses FOSS (Free Open Source Software) for web designing. It defines FOSS and lists 10 criteria that the distribution terms of open-source software must comply with, such as allowing free redistribution, distribution of source code, allowing derivatives, and not restricting use based on field of endeavor or type of software. It then briefly mentions examining Tripod.com as an example of a FOSS for web site designing.
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The document defines and describes different types of software. It begins by defining software as a set of instructions that operate computers and execute tasks, as opposed to hardware which describes physical computer components. There are two main categories of software: application software which performs specific tasks, and system software which runs hardware and provides a platform for applications. Other types include programming software, middleware, and driver software. The document then describes various common software types in more detail such as application software, system software, driver software, middleware, and programming software. It concludes by discussing software quality measures.
Embedded systems software
Software for Embedded Systems is computer software that is part of a piece of equipment or system. The software is 'embedded' in the equipment, and is an integral part of the functioning of the equipment. Unlike a piece of 'application' software, such as a word processor, spreadsheet, or accounting application, embedded software runs on a specific piece of hardware with a dedicated purpose, rather than on a general purpose computer system.
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Data mining involves discovering patterns and knowledge from large amounts of data. It is the process of analyzing data from different perspectives and summarizing it into useful information. The goals of data mining are classification, regression, clustering, association rule learning, and sequential pattern mining. Data mining is widely used in business intelligence, scientific discovery, risk management, and marketing applications to extract useful patterns from large datasets.
Software designm complexity
The document appears to be a presentation on software design complexity by several group members from GC University Faisalabad. It discusses definitions of software design and complexity, and introduces Halstead's and cyclomatic complexity measures as ways to measure software complexity. For cyclomatic complexity, it provides an example of building a flow graph from code snippets and calculating the complexity metric.
Linux operating system
Introduction to Linux , Performance and Utilities , Linux pieces, Linux Flavors, Chrome Operating System
5 major social institutions
family as a social institution, Government as a social institution, educational institute as a social institution , economy as a social institution , religion as a social institution
Java script programs
logical and arithmetic operators in java script .
switch in java script. if condition, else if condition and nested condition in java script
do , while , for Loops in java script.4 type of functions in java script.
Java script
Java Script is an interpreted programming language commonly used to create interactive effects within web browsers. It is embedded into HTML and allows for interaction and validation of user data on websites. Java Script code can be placed within <script> tags in the head or body section of an HTML document or linked via an external .js file for code reuse across pages.
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Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
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Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
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Embedded Software
- 1. EMBEDDED SOFTWARE OBJECTIVES: WHAT IS EMBEDDED SOFTWARE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN EMBEDDED AND OTHER SOFTWARE'S TYPES OF EMBEDDED SOFTWARE'S AND EMBEDDED SYSTEMS CHARACTERISTICS OF EMBEDDED SOFTWARE EMBEDDED SYSTEM DESIGN
- 2. WHAT IS EMBEDDED SOFTWARE EMBEDDED SOFTWARE IS WHAT , WHICH IS INSTALLED ON AN EMBEDDED SYSTEM A SPECIAL-PURPOSE COMPUTER SYSTEM, PART OF A LARGER SYSTEM WHICH IT CONTROLS. FIRMWARE IS ALSO A KIND OF EMBEDDED SOFTWARE.
- 3. DIFFERENCES CONTINUOUS: EMBEDDED SYSTEMS GENERALLY RUN CONTINUOUSLY AND DO NOT TERMINATE. INTERACTIONS: INTERACTIONS WITH SYSTEM ENVIRONMENT IS GENERALLY LESS CONTROLLABLE AND UN-PREDICTABLE HOWEVER POSSIBLE IN REAL TIME EMBEDDED SOFTWARE'S. PHYSICAL LIMITATION TYPE OF HARDWARE , SIZE , NO. OF CHIPS. DIRECT ON H/W: DIRECTLY INSTALLED OF HARDWARE. DRIVERS: NO NEED FOR SEPARATE DRIVERS. RELIABILITY: RELATIVELY RELIABLE AND LONG-LASTING
- 6. WHERE IT IS BEING USED Product: Sonicare Plus toothbrush. Microprocessor: 8-bit Zilog Z8. FROM YOUR BATHROOM...
- 7. TO MARS... PRODUCT: NASA'S MARS CURIOSITY ROVER. MICROPROCESSOR: 8-BIT INTEL 80C85.
- 8. BIG...
- 9. TO SMALL...
- 10. Levelofdependency AUTOMOTIVE ELECTRONICS Embedded systems: 90% future innovations 40% price 1970 1980 1990 2000 ACC Stop&Go BFD ALC KSG 42 voltage Internet Portal GPRS, UMTS Telematics Online Services BlueTooth Car Office Local Hazard Warning Integrated Safety System Steer/Brake-By-Wire I-Drive Lane Keeping Assist. Personalization Software Update Force Feedback Pedal… Electronic Injections Check Control Speed Control Central Locking … Navigation System CD-Changer ACC Adaptive Cruise Control Airbags DSC Dynamic Stability Control Adaptive Gear Control Xenon Light BMW Assist RDS/TMC Speech Recognition Emergency Call… Electronic Gear Control Electronic Air Condition ASC Anti Slip Control ABS Telephone Seat Heating Control Autom. Mirror Dimming … source:BMW
- 11. CHARACTERISTICS OF EMBEDDED SYSTEMS SINGLE-FUNCTIONED Dedicated to perform a single function COMPLEX FUNCTIONALITY Often have to run sophisticated algorithms or multiple algorithms. Cell phone, laser printer. TIGHTLY-CONSTRAINED Low cost, low power, small, fast, etc.
- 12. REACTIVE AND REAL-TIME Continually reacts to changes in the system’s environment Must compute certain results in real-time without delay SAFETY-CRITICAL Must not endanger human life and the environment REUSABILITY Used again and again RELIABILITY Relatively Reliable
- 13. EMBEDDED SYSTEMS DESIGN FOCUS ON : COST DESIGN POWER CONSUMPTION SPECIAL PURPOSE Stimulus response model is being used for real time embedded software design. 1_Periodic stimuli 2_Aperiodic stimuli
- 14. Activities to design a real time embedded software 1_Platform Selection 2_Stimuli / response identification 3_Timing Analysis 4_Process design 5_Algorithm design 6_Process Scheduling