This document provides an introduction to electronics components. It discusses switches, relays, contactors, solid-state relays, semiconductors, and PN junctions. Relays are electromagnetic switches that use a magnetic field to open and close contacts. They have a coil to generate the magnetic field and auxiliary contacts. Contactors are similar to relays but are used to connect or disconnect loads. Solid-state relays switch on or off with a small external voltage and consist of a sensor and electronic switching device. Semiconductors have electrical conductivity between conductors and insulators that changes with temperature. PN junctions are also discussed but not described.

1. Electronics
an Introduction
Eng. : Mohamed ElKenany

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Electronics :-

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Electronics :-
▪ Switches

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▪ Switches
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▪ Switches
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▪ Relay
▪ It is an electromagnetic switch which use magnetic field to open and Close its contacts
❑ coil
❑ Auxiliary contacts
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▪ Relay
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▪ Relay
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▪ Relay
▪ moving parts in relay which is used To connect or disconnect our circuit
1- Cannot afford main loads
2- used In control circuits
❑ Auxiliary contacts:
▪ Relay may have more than one contact
▪ Max current 20 Amp
▪ Latching relay
❑ Coil:
▪ Is an electrical conductor, wire in the shape as Coil, when current is
passed through the wire of The coil it generates a magnetic field it has
standard Voltage ranges “5, 7, 12, 24…” DC “12, 24, 110, 220…” AC
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▪ Relay
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▪ Contactor
❑ Coil
❑ Auxiliary contacts
❑ Main contacts
❑ Parts in contactor used To connect and disconnect our loads
▪ DC powered coils, they generate a constant magnetic field that guarantees an appropriate
closing of the contacts
▪ AC powered coils generate sinusoidal magnetic fields which produce a force
that drops to zero twice each cycle (50/60 Hz). This creates an undesired
chatter or pulsation of the contacts. This harmful effect can be cancelled by
using a shading ring placed in the contactor core
▪ It is an electromagnetic switch which use magnetic field to open and Close its contacts
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▪ Contactor
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▪ Contactor
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▪ Contactor
▪ Power of your load or its maximum current
▪ Range of voltage of control circuit “to select coil”
▪ Number of auxiliary contacts and its type “NO, NC”
❑ There are some important information that you must know.
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▪ Solid-state relay
A solid-state relay (SSR) is an electronic switching device that switches on or off when a small
external voltage is applied across its control terminals. SSRs consist of a sensor which responds
to an appropriate input (control signal), a solid-state electronic switching device which switches
power to the load circuitry.

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▪ Solid-state relay

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▪ Semiconductors
A semiconductor material has an electrical conductivity value falling between that of a conductor,
such as copper, and an insulator, such as glass. Their resistance decreases as their temperature
increases.

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Electronics :-
▪ PN Junction

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Electronics :-
▪ PN Junction

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▪ PN Junction

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▪ Breadboard

22. ThankYou
Mohamed El-Kenany
01094997870
muhamed.abdelghaffar@gmail.com