High energy and capacity cathode material for li ion battriesNatraj Hulsure
Recent development in cathode materials for li-ion batteries drag the industries view towards it due to their high discharge rate compare to older ones.
High energy and capacity cathode material for li ion battriesNatraj Hulsure
Recent development in cathode materials for li-ion batteries drag the industries view towards it due to their high discharge rate compare to older ones.
This is the academic presentation by Rahmandhika Firdauzha Hary Hernandha for Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion Device course in National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan. The slides based on an academic paper in Electrochem. Soc. Interface, 2016, 25(3), 85-87 by Stefano Passerini and Bruno Scrosati with other 10 papers as supporting information and images.
Solid electrolytes for lithium ion solid state batteries patent landscape 201...Knowmade
Report’s Key Features
• PDF with > 250 slides
• Excel file > 5,800 patents
• IP trends, including time-evolution of published patents, legal status, countries of patent filings, etc.
• Ranking of main patent assignees
• Patent categorization by type of electrolyte (polymer, inorganic, inorganic/polymer) and inorganic electrolyte materials (sulfide glass ceramics, Thio-LISICON, argyrodite, oxide glass ceramics, NASICON, perovskite, garnet, anti-perovskite, hydride)
• For each technical segment: IP dynamics, ranking of main patent assignees, newcomers, key IP players (leadership, blocking potential, portfolio strength), key patents, and recent development trends
• For each key IP player (100+ companies): Time-evolution of patenting activity, legal status of patents and countries of patent filings, patent segmentation by electrolyte material, IP strengths and weaknesses by electrolyte material
• Excel database containing all patents analyzed in this report, including technology and material segmentations
A feasible way towards safer, better-performing batteries?
Conventional Li-ion battery technologies, based on flammable liquid electrolytes, are continuously improving. However, faster progress towards greater safety, higher performance, and better cost reduction is desired. A next-generation battery technology like solid-state battery, which uses solid electrodes and solid electrolytes, could potentially satisfy these objectives.
More information on : https://www.i-micronews.com/batteries-energy-mgmt/product/solid-state-battery.html
Status of Rechargeable Li-ion Battery Industry 2019 by Yole DéveloppementYole Developpement
E-mobility continues strongly driving the Li-ion battery demand.
More information on https://www.i-micronews.com/products/status-of-rechargeable-li-ion-battery-industry-2019/
Part 1 of the tutorial on the Lithium Battery Explorer provides an overview of Li-ion battery technology and the properties that are relevant to battery researchers.
Interested viewers should refer to the following publications for more details:
1) Review: G. Ceder, G. Hautier, A. Jain, S. P. Ong. Recharging lithium battery research with first-principles methods. MRS Bulletin, 2011, 36, 185--191.
2) Computational Electrode Assessment: G. Hautier, A. Jain, S. P. Ong, B. Kang, C. Moore, R. Doe, and G. Ceder. Phosphates as Lithium-Ion Battery Cathodes: An Evaluation Based on High-Throughput ab Initio Calculations. Chemistry of Materials, 2011, 23(15), 3495-3508.
3) Predicting Battery Safety: S. P. Ong, A. Jain, G. Hautier, B. Kang, & G. Ceder. Thermal stabilities of delithiated olivine MPO4 (M=Fe, Mn) cathodes investigated using first principles calculations. Electrochemistry Communications, 2010, 12(3), 427--430.
It is a well known fact that metal ions have a profound effect on cellular processes
The importance or the role that ions play in cellular activity can be gauged by the fact that most cells maintain a very critical Na+ & k+ balance between the extracellular and the intracellular spaces.
Any distribution in this critical balance is to the cellular metabolism through a drastic change in the osmotic pressure resulting in cellular swelling.
An ISE operates an exactly the same principles as a PH electrode
In fact, a PH electrode is a type of ion selective electrode sensitive to hydrogen ion.
Just like a PH electrode, the electrode body contains a reference solution and an metal reference electrode
In this presentation we learn basics of how the lithium-ion works and reacts with the environment to produce a unique source of energy storage device called battery.
In this presentation we will deal with:
Introducing Lithium-Ion Battery
It’s Construction
It’s Working
It’s Cell Reactions
It’s Advantages & Disadvantages
It’s Application, etc.
This is the academic presentation by Rahmandhika Firdauzha Hary Hernandha for Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion Device course in National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan. The slides based on an academic paper in Electrochem. Soc. Interface, 2016, 25(3), 85-87 by Stefano Passerini and Bruno Scrosati with other 10 papers as supporting information and images.
Solid electrolytes for lithium ion solid state batteries patent landscape 201...Knowmade
Report’s Key Features
• PDF with > 250 slides
• Excel file > 5,800 patents
• IP trends, including time-evolution of published patents, legal status, countries of patent filings, etc.
• Ranking of main patent assignees
• Patent categorization by type of electrolyte (polymer, inorganic, inorganic/polymer) and inorganic electrolyte materials (sulfide glass ceramics, Thio-LISICON, argyrodite, oxide glass ceramics, NASICON, perovskite, garnet, anti-perovskite, hydride)
• For each technical segment: IP dynamics, ranking of main patent assignees, newcomers, key IP players (leadership, blocking potential, portfolio strength), key patents, and recent development trends
• For each key IP player (100+ companies): Time-evolution of patenting activity, legal status of patents and countries of patent filings, patent segmentation by electrolyte material, IP strengths and weaknesses by electrolyte material
• Excel database containing all patents analyzed in this report, including technology and material segmentations
A feasible way towards safer, better-performing batteries?
Conventional Li-ion battery technologies, based on flammable liquid electrolytes, are continuously improving. However, faster progress towards greater safety, higher performance, and better cost reduction is desired. A next-generation battery technology like solid-state battery, which uses solid electrodes and solid electrolytes, could potentially satisfy these objectives.
More information on : https://www.i-micronews.com/batteries-energy-mgmt/product/solid-state-battery.html
Status of Rechargeable Li-ion Battery Industry 2019 by Yole DéveloppementYole Developpement
E-mobility continues strongly driving the Li-ion battery demand.
More information on https://www.i-micronews.com/products/status-of-rechargeable-li-ion-battery-industry-2019/
Part 1 of the tutorial on the Lithium Battery Explorer provides an overview of Li-ion battery technology and the properties that are relevant to battery researchers.
Interested viewers should refer to the following publications for more details:
1) Review: G. Ceder, G. Hautier, A. Jain, S. P. Ong. Recharging lithium battery research with first-principles methods. MRS Bulletin, 2011, 36, 185--191.
2) Computational Electrode Assessment: G. Hautier, A. Jain, S. P. Ong, B. Kang, C. Moore, R. Doe, and G. Ceder. Phosphates as Lithium-Ion Battery Cathodes: An Evaluation Based on High-Throughput ab Initio Calculations. Chemistry of Materials, 2011, 23(15), 3495-3508.
3) Predicting Battery Safety: S. P. Ong, A. Jain, G. Hautier, B. Kang, & G. Ceder. Thermal stabilities of delithiated olivine MPO4 (M=Fe, Mn) cathodes investigated using first principles calculations. Electrochemistry Communications, 2010, 12(3), 427--430.
It is a well known fact that metal ions have a profound effect on cellular processes
The importance or the role that ions play in cellular activity can be gauged by the fact that most cells maintain a very critical Na+ & k+ balance between the extracellular and the intracellular spaces.
Any distribution in this critical balance is to the cellular metabolism through a drastic change in the osmotic pressure resulting in cellular swelling.
An ISE operates an exactly the same principles as a PH electrode
In fact, a PH electrode is a type of ion selective electrode sensitive to hydrogen ion.
Just like a PH electrode, the electrode body contains a reference solution and an metal reference electrode
In this presentation we learn basics of how the lithium-ion works and reacts with the environment to produce a unique source of energy storage device called battery.
In this presentation we will deal with:
Introducing Lithium-Ion Battery
It’s Construction
It’s Working
It’s Cell Reactions
It’s Advantages & Disadvantages
It’s Application, etc.
It is a well known fact that metal ions have a profound effect on cellular processes
The importance or the role that ions play in cellular activity can be gauged by the fact that most cells maintain a very critical Na+ & k+ balance between the extracellular and the intracellular spaces.
Any distribution in this critical balance is to the cellular metabolism through a drastic change in the osmotic pressure resulting in cellular swelling.
A lithium-ion battery (sometimes Li-ion battery or LIB) is a member of a family of rechargeable battery types in which lithium ions move from the negative electrode to the positive electrode during discharge and back when charging. Li-ion batteries use an intercalated lithium compound as one electrode material, compared to the metallic lithium used in a non-rechargeable lithium battery. The electrolyte, which allows for ionic movement, and the two electrodes are the constituent components of a lithium-ion battery cell.
Title: Advancements in Electrode Materials for Automotive Batteries: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract:
The automotive industry is rapidly transitioning towards electric propulsion systems to mitigate environmental impacts and reduce dependency on fossil fuels. Central to this shift are advancements in battery technology, particularly in electrode materials, which play a critical role in determining battery performance, energy density, and lifespan. This comprehensive review explores the latest developments in electrode materials for automotive batteries, encompassing lithium-ion, solid-state, and beyond lithium-ion technologies. We delve into the fundamental principles governing electrode material selection, discuss current challenges, and analyze emerging trends such as silicon-based anodes, sulfur cathodes, and solid electrolytes. Through an extensive examination of recent research and commercial developments, we provide insights into the future direction of electrode materials for automotive batteries, highlighting key areas for further research and innovation.
1. Introduction:
- Overview of the importance of electrode materials in automotive batteries
- Transition towards electric vehicles (EVs) and the role of batteries
- Purpose and scope of the review
2. Fundamentals of Battery Electrodes:
- Electrochemical principles underlying battery operation
- Role of electrodes in battery performance
- Requirements for automotive applications: energy density, power density, longevity, and safety
3. Lithium-Ion Batteries:
- Overview of lithium-ion battery architecture
- Current electrode materials: graphite anodes, lithium cobalt oxide (LCO), lithium iron phosphate (LFP), etc.
- Challenges and limitations: capacity degradation, safety concerns, resource availability
- Recent advancements in electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries
4. Beyond Lithium-Ion Batteries:
- Need for higher energy density and sustainability
- Emerging alternatives: lithium-sulfur (Li-S), lithium-air (Li-O2), sodium-ion (Na-ion), potassium-ion (K-ion) batteries
- Electrode materials for non-lithium systems: sulfur cathodes, sodium-ion anodes, etc.
- Comparative analysis of different beyond lithium-ion technologies
5. Silicon-Based Anodes:
- Potential of silicon as a high-capacity anode material
- Challenges: volume expansion, cycling stability, Coulombic efficiency
- Strategies to mitigate silicon anode limitations: nanostructuring, alloying, coatings
- Progress in commercialization and integration into automotive batteries
6. Solid-State Batteries:
- Advantages of solid-state electrolytes over liquid electrolytes
- Materials for solid-state electrolytes: sulfides, oxides, polymers
- Solid-state electrode materials: lithium metal, sulfides, etc.
- Recent breakthroughs in solid-state battery technology and their implications for automotive applications
7. Challenges and Opportunities:
- Scalability
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Mammalian Pineal Body Structure and Also Functions
electrolyte for next generation batteries
1. P R E S E N T E D B Y -
N I K I T A G A R G
U I D - 16 M S P 1014
A Seminar Presentation
On
Solid Electrolytes For Next
Generation Batteries
Department Of Applied Sciences (Physics)
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF -
Dr . PARAMJYOT KUMAR JHA
3. An electric battery is a device that converts stored
chemical energy into electrical energy.
Battery is a combination of cells.
Each cell contains a positive terminal/cathode.
A negative terminal/anode.
An electrolyte.
4. ELECTROLYTE IN BATTERY
The electrolyte is a chemical
medium that allows the flow of
electrical charge between the
cathode and anode. When a device
is connected to a battery—chemical
reactions occur on the electrodes
that create a flow of electrical energy
to the device.
Electrolytes are the substances
that dissociates into ions in
solution acquires the capacity to
conduct electricity. Sodium,
potassium, chloride, calcium,
magnesium, and phosphate are
examples of electrolytes, informally
known as "lytes."
PH240, Stanford University, Fall 2015
5. FUNCTION OF ELECTROLYTE
Electrolyte serves as catalyst to make a battery
conductive by promoting the movement of ions from the
cathode to the anode on charge and in reverse on
discharge where ions are electrically charged atoms that
have lost or gained electrons.
The electrolyte serves two functions, one is conduct
electricity, while the second is to take part in the
oxidation reaction that drives electrons through the
external circuit.
Heather Zeiger,2015
6. ADVANTAGES OF ELECTROLYTE
Electrolytes are used in batteries for exchange of
anions and cations.
Electrolytes support a number of vital functions in
the body. Electrolytes allow the body to stay
hydrated, help the brain and nervous system
transmit and receive important signals, help the
body’s cells generate energy, and allow the muscles
to contract and relax.
Electrolytes are used in Sports drinks too.
Thus apart from use of electrolyte in batteries and
cells these are advantageous for us in real life too.
7. DISADVANTAGES OFELECTROLYTE
Different types of electrolyte have their
disadvantages while being used in their respective
batteries and cells eg liquid electrolyte used in Li-
ion battery is replaced by Solid polymer because it
is costly, have leakage problems and gives low
performance.
As we read earlier electrolytes are good for health
but their high consumption may lead to problems
like Hypernatremia , Hyperkalemia etc.
8. DIFFERENT TYPES OF ELECTROLYTE
Liquid electrolytes Solid electrolytes
Charles Morris, Newswire, The Tech(2015)
9. VARIOUS ELECTROLYTES
Electrolytes can be divided into Acids , Base and Salts.
The electrolyte of a battery consists of soluble salts, acids or
other bases in liquid, gelled and dry formats.
Electrolyte also comes in a polymer, as used in the solid-state
battery, solid ceramic and molten salts, as in the sodium-
sulfur battery.
Major electrolytes are:
sodium (Na+)
potassium (K+)
chloride (Cl-)
calcium (Ca2+)
magnesium (Mg2+)
bicarbonate (HCO3-)
phosphate (PO4
2-)
sulfate (SO4
2-)
10. LIQUID ELECTROLYTE
Most current battery systems have solid electrodes,
separated by liquid electrolytes.
Conductivity of liquid electrolyte is always better
than any other electrolyte.
Major advantage of liquid electrolyte is that it
reduces problems from volume changes.
Volume changes may occur because of changes in
composition of electrode materials as they are
charged and discharged.
11. REQUIREMENTS OF LIQUID ELECTROLYTE
Liquid electrolytes = Lithium salt + Organic solvent.
The electrolyte should have high ionic conductivity.
The electrolyte should exhibits high chemical and
electrochemical stability towards electrodes.
The electrolyte should be used over a wide temperature
range -20 to 600C temprature range.
The electrolyte should be highly safe - Organic solvents
used in electrolytes are flammable, so we need to use
nonflammable materials.
The electrode should be low cost.
12. COMPONENTS OF LIQUID ELECTROLYTE
Organic Solvents –
I. Since lithium secondary batteries have a high working
voltage , organic solvents are used instead of aqueous
electrolytes. Examples: EC, PC,DMC,DEC etc.greatest
disadvantage of organic solvents is the low dielectric
constant.
II. Solvent viscosity should be low.
III. Solvents should exhibits a high boiling point and low
vapor pressure.
High dielectric constant and low viscosity are required
for electrolytes to possess the high ionic conductivity. But
higher dielectric constant leads to increased polarity and
viscosity.
13. CHARACTERISTICS OF LIQUID ELECTROLYTES
Ionic Conductivity
I. Ionic conductivity becomes higher with an increase in the number of
dissociated free ions and more rapid migration of such ions.(10-3
S/cm).
II. Ionic conductivity can be measured using
-conductivity meter.
- based on the resistance of an electrode having a known cell constant.
- ionic conductivity= distance between electrodes.
Electrochemical stability
I. Do not Participate in redox reaction.
14. DEVELOPMENT OF LIQUID ELECTROLYTE
The most used salt in the commercial liquid
electrolytes is indeed LiPF6 due to several reasons:
I. When dissolved in alkyl carbonates, LiPF6 shows high
conductivity, which may exceed 10 ms cm-1 at room
temperature.
II. Shows good solubility properties in various solvents.
III. Its oxidation stability reaches ~ 5V.
IV. P-F bonds are highly susceptible to hydrolysis even at room
temperature to produce HF.
15. ADVANTAGES OF LIQUID ELECTROLYTE
Excellent contact area with high capacity electrodes.
Can accomodate size changes of electrodes during
charge and discharge cycles.
Relatively high conductivity per unit area.
16. DISADVANTAGES
Relatively poor physical and chemical stability.
Relies on the formation of “solid electrolyte
interface” (SEI) layer.
May have both Li+ and electron conduction.
Li salts available have too many disadvantages like:
I. LiAsF6 is poisonous.
II. Liclo4 is explosive.
Liquid electrolyte LiPF6 has a dendritic growth.
17. SOLID ELECTROLYTES
A solid compound in which ions migrate through vacancies
or interstices within the lattice which leads to ionic
conductivity.
Solids are fast ion conductors with high mobile ions.
18. ADVANTAGES OF SOLID ELECTROLYTE
OVER LIQUID ELECTROLYTE
Good charging.
Increased energy density (2x energy for the same
volume) .
Increased cycle life (up to 10 years, compared to
2).
Low leakage currents (nano Amps).
Non flammability.
19. CHARACTERISTICS OF SOLID ELECTROLYTES
Availability of large no of free ions.
Requirement of low activation energy for the
movement of ions into neighboring sites.
Three dimensional networking for the free
movement of the ions.
Important in the area of solid state ions.
20. TYPES OF SOLID ELECTROLYTE
Inorganic Electrolyte-Crystalline,Amorphous and
mixed phase inorganic materials called Super ionic
conductors.Type includes Sulphur-oxide based garnet
type,Phosphate based and Sulphide based Glassy or
Glassceramic type.
Solid Polymer Electrolyte-Lithium salts such as
LiClO4,LiN(CFSo2)2,LiCF3So3 or LiBC4O8 dissolved in
polymers.
Composite Electrolytes-Sub-Micron to nano particles
of inorganic dispersed in the polymer matrix . Ceramic
Particles(Al2O3,TiO2,SiO2) in polyethylene oxide and Li
salts.
22. WORKING OF LI ION BATTERIES
During charging LI+ ions are liberated from the cathode and transported
through the solid electrolyte to the anode , where Li+ is reduced by the
electrons coming from the electrical circuit . During discharging the
reverse process takes place.
Wikipedia
23. HOW IT IS USED IN DIFFERENT
BATTERIES
Lead acid battery uses sulphuric acid. When charging,
the acid becomes denser as lead oxide (PbO2) forms on
the positive plate, and then turns to almost water when
fully discharged.
Li-ion (Lithium-ion) uses 3 different solutions: liquid,
gel or dry polymer electrolyte. The liquid version
provides higher conductivity and expands the
temperature range. Li-ion with gelled electrolytes
receives many additives to increase conductivity. The
true dry polymer only becomes conductive at elevated
temperatures, and this battery is no longer in commercial
use.
25. ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Excellent chemical and
physical stability.
Perform well as thin
film (≈1μ).
Li+ conduction only
(excludes electrons).
Reduced contact area
for high capacity
electrodes.
Interface stress due to
electrode charging and
discharging.
Relatively low ionic
conductivity.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF SOLID
ELECTROLYTES
26. SUPERIONIC GLASSES FOR SOLID
ELECTROLYTE
Isotropic Properties.
No grain and hence grain boundaries.
Higher ionic conductivities.
Exhibit conductivity at room temperature.
Insulator 10-16 to 10-8s/cm
Semiconductor 10-6 to 103 s/cm
Conductor 102 to 108 s/cm
Super ionic/fast conductor 10-3 to 101 s/cm
Electronic conductor 101 to 105 s/cm
27. According to American society for testing and materials, “Glass is
an inorganic product of fusion which has been cooled to rigid
conditions without crystallization”.
In other words, glass is an amorphous (non-crystalline) solid
material that exhibits a glass transition.
1/26/2018
WHAT ARE GLASSES ?
29. 1/26/2018
Presently, Li2O based glasses and glass-ceramics as a solid
electrolyte are being used at a large scale in lithium ion batteries.
Lithium resources are unevenly distributed in the world hence
lithium metal is classified as rare-metal resource.
In near future the major problem which is of concern is materials
cost.
PROBLEMS OF USING LI BASED BATTERIES
30. NA ION BASED CAN REPLACE LI ION BASED
ELECTROLYTES
Due to the larger atom size, sodium batteries can be expected to be larger in
size. These above factors like price, abundance source and size, make sodium-
ion batteries particularly interesting and most promising in nearer future for large
scale grid storage applications.[
31. USES OF NA ION BATTERIES OVER LI ION
BATTERIES
Source of Li ion is less so we are shifting to Sodium ion
batteries.
Considering the large demand, focus is on another
substitute of Li+ like Na+ based rechargeable batteries to
utilize the abundant availability of sodium sources to make
it cost effective than Li+ batteries.
Na2O-B2O3-P2O5 based glasses as solid electrolyte will be
used in sodium ion batteries which can substitute lithium
ion batteries.
32. CONCLUSIONS
Electrolyte is the necessary part for the working of
batteries.
In the beginning we were using Liquid electrolytes but
the problem with liquid electrolyte is there leakage and
other main problem of liquid electrolyte is its Dendritic
Growth.
Then we shifted to Solid electrolytes in which we were
using Li based electrolytes but in that our conductivity
decreases because of its symmetric structure.
Now we are using Glasses as a Solid Electrolyte for Next
Generation batteries.
33. REFERENCES
Paramjyot Kumar Jha, O.P. Pandey, K. Singh, “Na2S-P2S5 based
super-ionic glasses for solid electrolytes” Trans. Indian Ceram. Soc.,
72 (1) (2013) 5-9.
Paramjyot Kumar Jha, O.P. Pandey, K. Singh, Structural and non-
isothermal study of Li2O modified sodium-phosphate glasses, J. Mol.
Struct., 1094 (2015) 174–182.
Paramjyot Kumar Jha, O.P. Pandey, K. Singh, FT-IR spectral
analysis and mechanical properties of sodium phosphate glass-
ceramics, J. Mol. Struct., 1083 (2015) 278-285.
M.D. Slater, D. Kim, E. Lee, C.S. Johnson, Sodium-Ion Batteries.
Advanced Functional Materials, 2013 23(8) 947-958.
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