Electrode helmet for rapid stroke diagnosis shows promising results
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A helmet of electrodes can help to distinguish between a cerebral infarction and a cerebral haemorrhage. Rapid diagnosis, even in the ambulance, has a strong impact on the patient’s prognosis. The sooner that treatment is initiated to dissolve a blockage, the better the results.
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Abstract
Introduction “Navigation in surgery” spans a broad area, which, depending on the clinical challenge, can have different meanings. Over the past decade, navigation in surgery has evolved beyond imaging modalities and bulky systems into the rich networking of the cloud or devices that are pocket-sized.
Discussion
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Conclusion
With improved computer technology and a trend towards advanced information processing within hospitals, navigation is quickly becoming an integral part in the surgical routine of clinicians.
Excerpt:
Over the last three decades, technical advances have significantly changed the way we live. From computers to smartphones, from single purpose to multipurpose devices, technology has become an intrinsic part of our daily routine. Navigation in surgery is an important example of today’s technological capabilities being applied to medicine. It has emerged as one of the most reliable representatives of technology as it continues to transform surgical interventions into safer and less invasive procedures. In surgery, navigation has spurred technical progress, enabled more daring procedures, and unlocked new synergies. What was once a simple localization tool has evolved into a centerpiece of technology in the surgical theater.
“Navigation in surgery” spans a broad area, which, depending on the clinical challenge, may have various interpretations. The meaning of navigation in surgery is most accurately defined by the questions posed: “Where is my (anatomical) target?”, “How do I reach my target safely?”, “Where am I (anatomically)?”, or “Where and how shall I position my implant?”. Apart from these important anatomical orientation questions, surgical navigation is also used as a measurement tool and an information center for providing surgeons with the right information at the right time.
There are examples of technological advances in the medical field, whose benefit to the patient became immediately evident which were rapidly adopted and integrated into the clinical routine—without the need for proper randomized clinical trials. Examples range from the introduction of anesthesia to enable safer surgery and the introduction of microscopy enabling microsurgery. Surgical navigation and its wide range of benefits could be next.
Study on Physicians Request for Computed Tomography Examinations for Patients...
Background and objectives: There is a lot controversy about the use of Computed tomography (CT) for patients with minor head injury. We aimed to determine the practice of guiding rules for the safety of radiation and increasing awareness of physicians about risks of ionizing radiation and find out the reasons of emergency doctors for sending head injury patients to CT scan exams. Materials and Methods: A descriptive questionnaire in the Emergency Department (ED) based study was performed to assess physicians' knowledge of radiation doses received from radiological treatments and knowledge about Clinic Decision Support rules (CDS). The questionnaire consisted of 26 questions distributed to physicians working in the emergency department in six hospitals in East Java. Finally, the data collected have been analyzed by some tests using SPSS version 15 and Smart PLS. Results: In this study 44 participants had taken part. The percentage of general knowledge and awareness that shows the response of people who work in the emergency departments was total 44 respondents, by percent 6.8% of the respondents had passably knowledge, awareness and 84.1% they were having a good knowledge and awareness and 9.1% the respondents had very good knowledge and awareness. That means almost of respondents have good knowledge and awareness. To find out if an indicator is forming a construct (latent variables) testing the convergent validity of the measurement model with a reflexive indicator assessed based on the correlation between the item score to construct scores were calculated with the help of software Smart PLS. Size reflexive considered valid if the individual has a correlation (loading) to construct (latent variables) to be measured ≥ 0.5 or the value of t-statistics should ≥1.96 (test two tailed) at a significance level of α = 0.05. If one of the indicators has a leading value <0.5,><1.96, then the indicator should be discarded (dropped) because it indicates that the indicators are not good enough to measure the construct in right. The positive influence between general knowledge and awareness against to knowledge about radiation doses can be interpreted that the better general knowledge and awareness, then it will be followed by an increase in their knowledge about radiation doses. And vice versa, the worse general knowledge and awareness, then this will decrease their knowledge about radiation doses too. Conclusion: The present study has illustrated that the level of awareness and knowledge physicians who deal with ionizing radiation in CT scan units are adequate overall. There is a good influence between the diligence in applying the principles of guidance and rules stipulated by the nuclear energy in Indonesia by physicians to adjust the use of CT in the emergency department, the majority of participants who have a good awareness & knowledge, there are some of them do not have enough knowledge.
Hippocampus’s volume calculation on coronal slice’s for strengthening the dia...
Alzheimer’s is one of the most common types of dementia in the world. Although not a contagious disease, this disease has many impacts, especially in socio-economic life. In diagnosing Alzheimer’s and using interview techniques, physical examination methods are also used, namely using an magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machine to get a clear image of the patient’s brain condition, with a focus on the hippocampus and ventricular area. In this paper, we discuss the calculation of the volume of the hippocampus, especially the coronal slice, to provide information to doctors in making decisions on diagnosing the severity of Alzheimer’s. Using the basis of volume calculations, we made a 3D visualization reconstruction of the coronal hippocampus slice area in order to make it easier for doctors to analyze the condition of the hippocampus area, which in the end will be used as a recommendation in the classification of the severity of Alzheimer’s. Our experimental results show, the lower the severity, the bigger the volume, the more slices, and the longer the counting time.
Presentation1
Giritharan Ravichandran proposes a system to provide artificial sight to visually impaired individuals through brain-to-brain visual transmission. The system uses electro-oculogram to record electrical signals from the eye, processes the signals to extract those corresponding to eye activity, and transmits the signals wirelessly to another brain. A transcranial magnetic stimulator induces equivalent electrical currents in the optic nerve of the recipient, allowing them to perceive the transmitted visual information. The proposed system aims to help those blinded due to eye or retinal defects by bypassing the eyes and providing artificial sight directly to the brain.
Detection of heart pathology using deep learning methods
In the directions of modern medicine, a new area of processing and analysis of visual data is actively developing - a radio municipality - a computer technology that allows you to deeply analyze medical images, such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), chest radiography (CXR), electrocardiography and electrocardiography. This approach allows us to extract quantitative texture signs from signals and distinguish informative features to describe the heart's pathology, providing a personified approach to diagnosis and treatment. Cardiovascular diseases (SVD) are one of the main causes of death in the world, and early detection is crucial for timely intervention and improvement of results. This experiment aims to increase the accuracy of deep learning algorithms to determine cardiovascular diseases. To achieve the goal, the methods of deep learning were considered used to analyze cardiograms. To solve the tasks set in the work, 50 patients were used who are classified by three indicators,
13 anomalous, 24 nonbeat, and 1 healthy parameter, which is taken from the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia database.
Wavelength April 2015 Volume 19 No.1
Elekta's Versa HD linear accelerators provide Odense University Hospital the speed needed to routinely perform stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for multiple patients per week. Versa HD's high dose rate mode and fast-moving leaves reduce treatment times by 60%, allowing lung SBRT to be delivered in about 3 minutes and brain SRS in 20 minutes. This efficiency has led OUH to treat over 250 patients with SBRT/SRS annually since acquiring Versa HD in 2013.
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Segmentation and classification techniques used to detect early stroke diagno...
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Elektrodikypärä aivoinfarktin nopeaan diagnosointiin
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This document discusses new methods for mapping functionally important brain regions before neurosurgery using transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS). The BioMag Laboratory at Helsinki University Central Hospital developed nTMS mapping which can identify regions critical for speech, movement and understanding. nTMS involves stimulating the brain with magnetic pulses to locate regions and has been commercialized by spin-off company Nexstim. Precisely mapping these regions helps neurosurgeons plan surgery for tumors or epilepsy near speech or motor areas to minimize risks to patients.
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New methods for delivering therapies for better well-being
A study compared the effects of conventional face-to-face therapy and therapy using new technologies on indicators of mental and physical well-being. 280 participants were divided into groups receiving face-to-face lifestyle intervention, online intervention, mobile intervention, or serving as a control. Preliminary results found all intervention forms benefited in reducing depression symptoms. Mobile and online therapies were as effective as interpersonal sessions in preventing depression. The findings show the value of technology-assisted therapy in delivering treatment anywhere and anytime.
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Tools for diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease in early stage
Researchers in Finland have been studying the use of auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) to diagnose Alzheimer's disease in early stages. The study found sensory gating, the brain's ability to filter out repetitive sensory inputs, is impaired in patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. ERPs provide an objective, non-invasive way to test cognitive processes and sensory gating. The research was conducted on patients with mild cognitive impairment, early Alzheimer's, and a control group. The findings could help develop diagnostic solutions and may be applicable to existing medical technology.
Mobile application for mental wellness training
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Electrode helmet for rapid stroke diagnosis shows promising results
- 1. Electrode helmet for rapid stroke diagnosis shows promising results A stroke can be the result of a clot in a blood vessel supplying the brain or bleeding in the brain tissue itself. The only proven form of acute treatment for a clot is to dissolve it. The effectiveness of thromboly- sis is greatest immediately after the clot forms, but gradually declines over the next four and half hours. However, thrombolysis can be life-threatening for patients with a cerebral haemorrhage and so it can- not be administered before an infarction has been diagnosed. So far the only way of distinguishing be- tween a haemorrhage and an infarction is by magnetic computer-assisted tomography, which can be carried out in major hospitals only. Part of ambulance equipment An electrode helmet, intended for quick stroke di- agnosis in an ambulance, has been studied in the SalWe Mind and Body programme. The University of Helsinki, Colorado State University and the Techni- cal University of Denmark participated in the pro- ject alongside GE Healthcare Finland, the industrial partner. “The helmet uses an imaging technology called elec- trical impedance tomography. An alternating current of the right frequency is applied to the cranium via electrodes embedded in the helmet and the returning signal is measured,” says Samuli Siltanen, Professor of SalWe - the Enabler of Joint Research in Health and Wellbeing A helmet of electrodes, studied in the SalWe Mind and Body programme, can help to distinguish between a cerebral infarction and a cerebral haemorrhage. Rapid diagnosis, even in the ambulance, has a strong impact on the patient’s prognosis. The sooner that treatment is initiated to dissolve a blockage, the better the results.
- 2. Industrial Mathematics at the University of Helsinki, who has been the project leader. “From the brain conductivity readings, a three-dimen- sional image can be mathematically constructed of the brain tissue, in which a haemorrhage looks very Impedance tomography of the brain has been studied for about four years, particularly in the past two. The results have been promising. Sizeable markets Siltanen expects a helmet for use in ambulances to be sales are considerable. Finland alone has about 1,000 ambulances, the United States about 48,000. Moreover, certain groups of sports people, such as - stant tests that a helmet allows. Complex mathematics Siltanen says that, although similar projects have been carried out elsewhere, the mathematics has not been “To derive a three-dimensional image is very complex.” It is an inverse problem, where the outcome is known but the precise causes are not. Mathematics is needed to determine the causes, in this case biological proper- ties that cannot be directly measured. “It is harmless and cheap to probe the human body with electricity and record conductivity in different parts, but information is not easily extracted from the x-rays, for example, travel only in straight lines.” Solutions to this non-linear inverse problem have been developed by professors Jennifer Mueller of Colorado, Kim Knudsen of Denmark and Siltanen. “The challenge has been to derive a big picture from small data.” Although great advances have been made, more work is needed to develop algorithms to build a picture of the cranium from the information yielded from a limited number of electrodes. Tangible support from SalWe “Finance from SalWe was of vital importance. This technology would certainly not have advanced so well without it,” says Samuli Siltanen. “SalWe offered a concrete way of combining the in- house work of GE Healthcare with the methods of my research team.” SalWe - the Enabler of Joint Research in Health and Wellbeing 06/2014 More information Samuli Siltanen professor University of Helsinki +358 40 594 3560 Kimmo Uutela principal engineer GE Healthcare Finland Oy kimmo.uutela@ge.com +358 10 394 3353