This document provides an overview of 3D printing materials, organized into the following sections:
- An introduction discusses the history and development of 3D printing materials.
- A table of contents outlines the guide's sections on model materials, support materials, and composites.
- Model materials are organized based on their suitability for different stages of product development from concepts to production. Materials like PLA, tough, PETG, ABS, ASA, PC-ABS, and nylon are described with examples.
- Support materials like breakaway and dissolvable supports are also briefly covered.
Spectrum Filaments produces high quality 3D printing filaments for desktop and industrial applications. They offer a wide range of materials including PLA, ABS, nylon, and specialty filaments. Spectrum prides itself on quality control, with each spool individually measured to ensure dimensional accuracy and consistency. They aim to provide solutions for all applications through their portfolio of easy to use desktop materials and higher performance industrial grades.
3D Printing Technology seminar report by ajaysingh_02AjaySingh1901
This is the Report file about 3D Printing Technolog and additive manufacturing in which we cover all the basics of 3DP
History,need, development,scope, availablity,future scope,trend before the 3DP, Advantage and disadvantages, limitations, Application and Appliances.
3D Printing Technology PPT by ajaysingh_02AjaySingh1901
This PPT make on 3D printing Technology or additive manufacturing in which we cover the need, history importants, future scope, trend before the 3DP, advantage and disadvantage, limitations, application of 3DP
This document provides an overview of 3D printing and additive manufacturing. It discusses the core technologies used in additive manufacturing, including extrusion deposition, granular material binding, photopolymerization, and lamination. It describes how additive manufacturing works by building 3D objects layer by layer from a digital file. The document highlights applications in industries like automotive, aerospace, medical, and more. It also discusses advantages like reduced waste and materials usage compared to traditional manufacturing.
This document is a project report on the design of a low-cost 3D printer using fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique. It was submitted by 4 students for their Bachelor of Technology degree. The report describes the components of the 3D printer, including the frame, extruder, stepper motors, driver, and plastics. It also discusses present 3D printing technologies like FDM and selective laser melting. The goal of the project is to develop an affordable 3D printer that reduces costs and printing time for common users.
Umang Dadheech presented a seminar on 3D printing to Mr. Ashutosh Kumar at Poornima College of Engineering. 3D printing, also known as rapid prototyping or additive manufacturing, refers to manufacturing methods that quickly produce physical prototypes directly from 3D CAD data using a layer-by-layer process. It does not require molds and can produce multiple parts simultaneously without limitations on geometric complexity. Common 3D printing processes discussed included fused deposition modeling, stereo lithography, selective laser sintering, and powder jetting. Applications mentioned are products with good touch and feel, validation of inventions, jewelry design, medical prototypes, and mass customization.
Industrial Plastic Fabrications Ltd, 3D printing, Plastic CNC Machining and F...Leanne Smart
3D printing, Plastic CNC Machining and Fabrication of bespoke plastic parts.
covering a wide range of industries, including; Automotive, Aerospace, Medical, TV and Film, Electrical, scientific,
6 Key Takeaways for the State of 3D Printing - 2016Sculpteo
Our 2016 edition of The State of 3D Printing is out. Almost 1000 participants responded and shared their experience and expectations about 3D printing bringing incomparable depth to this survey. You'll find the latest trends in the 3D printing industry and know how to gear up your 3D printing strategy for success.
Spectrum Filaments produces high quality 3D printing filaments for desktop and industrial applications. They offer a wide range of materials including PLA, ABS, nylon, and specialty filaments. Spectrum prides itself on quality control, with each spool individually measured to ensure dimensional accuracy and consistency. They aim to provide solutions for all applications through their portfolio of easy to use desktop materials and higher performance industrial grades.
3D Printing Technology seminar report by ajaysingh_02AjaySingh1901
This is the Report file about 3D Printing Technolog and additive manufacturing in which we cover all the basics of 3DP
History,need, development,scope, availablity,future scope,trend before the 3DP, Advantage and disadvantages, limitations, Application and Appliances.
3D Printing Technology PPT by ajaysingh_02AjaySingh1901
This PPT make on 3D printing Technology or additive manufacturing in which we cover the need, history importants, future scope, trend before the 3DP, advantage and disadvantage, limitations, application of 3DP
This document provides an overview of 3D printing and additive manufacturing. It discusses the core technologies used in additive manufacturing, including extrusion deposition, granular material binding, photopolymerization, and lamination. It describes how additive manufacturing works by building 3D objects layer by layer from a digital file. The document highlights applications in industries like automotive, aerospace, medical, and more. It also discusses advantages like reduced waste and materials usage compared to traditional manufacturing.
This document is a project report on the design of a low-cost 3D printer using fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique. It was submitted by 4 students for their Bachelor of Technology degree. The report describes the components of the 3D printer, including the frame, extruder, stepper motors, driver, and plastics. It also discusses present 3D printing technologies like FDM and selective laser melting. The goal of the project is to develop an affordable 3D printer that reduces costs and printing time for common users.
Umang Dadheech presented a seminar on 3D printing to Mr. Ashutosh Kumar at Poornima College of Engineering. 3D printing, also known as rapid prototyping or additive manufacturing, refers to manufacturing methods that quickly produce physical prototypes directly from 3D CAD data using a layer-by-layer process. It does not require molds and can produce multiple parts simultaneously without limitations on geometric complexity. Common 3D printing processes discussed included fused deposition modeling, stereo lithography, selective laser sintering, and powder jetting. Applications mentioned are products with good touch and feel, validation of inventions, jewelry design, medical prototypes, and mass customization.
Industrial Plastic Fabrications Ltd, 3D printing, Plastic CNC Machining and F...Leanne Smart
3D printing, Plastic CNC Machining and Fabrication of bespoke plastic parts.
covering a wide range of industries, including; Automotive, Aerospace, Medical, TV and Film, Electrical, scientific,
6 Key Takeaways for the State of 3D Printing - 2016Sculpteo
Our 2016 edition of The State of 3D Printing is out. Almost 1000 participants responded and shared their experience and expectations about 3D printing bringing incomparable depth to this survey. You'll find the latest trends in the 3D printing industry and know how to gear up your 3D printing strategy for success.
3D printing is an additive manufacturing process where a three-dimensional object is created by laying down successive layers of material under computer control. It builds an object from a digital file describing its shape in thin cross-sections. The 3D printer reads this file and deposits layers of material one by one until the object is completed. Common materials used include plastics, metals, ceramics, and edible substances. 3D printing offers advantages over traditional manufacturing as it enables the creation of complex geometries and customized parts.
This document is a seminar report on 3D printing submitted by Ankit Sharma to the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Global Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India in fulfillment of his B.Tech degree. The report consists of 10 chapters that provide an introduction to 3D printing, discuss current technologies like stereolithography and selective laser sintering, examine additive and subtractive manufacturing processes, explore the advantages and disadvantages of 3D printing, and analyze applications in various fields such as medical, jewelry, footwear, construction, toys, food, and human organs.
3D printer by Mandar Gadkari,3d printer, 3d printing, attractive ppt on 3d p...Mandar Gadkari
3D printing is an additive manufacturing process that creates 3D objects by laying down successive layers of material. It allows for rapid prototyping and complex shapes to be produced at low cost. The document discusses how 3D printers work by applying layers of powder and a binding agent, and then outlines applications in product design, medicine for printing body parts, and architecture for creating models. Advantages include low waste and cost, while disadvantages include the printers still being expensive and the process being slow. The future of 3D printing is discussed as the technology advances.
3D Printing - shaping the future of formulation developmentMerck Life Sciences
1. The presentation discussed 3D printing technologies for pharmaceutical applications, focusing on fused deposition modeling (FDM) and advanced melt drop deposition.
2. FDM uses extrusion of drug-loaded polymer filaments to 3D print tablets, while melt drop deposition uses droplets of molten polymer deposited layer-by-layer.
3. Both technologies showed potential for customized dosage forms and were able to 3D print tablets from the polymer Parteck® MXP with consistent properties. Advanced melt drop deposition allows more complex shapes and adjustable drug release profiles.
This seminar report discusses 3D printing and provides an introduction to the topic. 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, involves using digital files and additive processes to lay down successive layers of material and produce a three-dimensional solid object. The report provides a brief history of 3D printing and describes how it works by starting with a virtual design, discusses current and potential applications such as producing car parts, space construction, medical implants, and food, and concludes by listing some example uses and a few references.
This document summarizes a technical seminar on 3D printing presented by B.Vineetha. It discusses the history and development of 3D printing, how 3D printers work by building objects layer by layer from a digital design. It describes common 3D printing methods like stereolithography, selective laser sintering, and fused deposition modeling. The document also covers applications of 3D printing in fields like industrial design, medicine, fashion, and more. It concludes that 3D printing offers advantages like time and cost savings compared to traditional manufacturing.
Marketing Plan: Cube and CubeX 3D PrintersMartina Ascoli
This presentation shows an idea of a marketing plan for the consumer products of 3D System co. developed for Strategic Marketing and Marketing Plan course. A first evaluation of the product, the market and the company leads to a SWOT Analysis from which the marketing strategy is derived. The marketing plan is structured in three main objectives that can be achieved by specific actions on the variables of product, promotion and placement.
3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, involves building 3D objects from a digital file by laying down successive layers of material. The process begins with a 3D digital model that is then sliced into thin horizontal layers and printed one layer at a time. Different 3D printing techniques exist, utilizing materials like plastic, metal, sand, or chocolate, with Fused Deposition Modeling being the most common. 3D printing enables the fast and low-cost production of objects, especially in low volumes, and allows for greater design flexibility compared to traditional subtractive manufacturing methods.
3D printing is called as additive manufacturing technology where a three dimensional object is created by laying down successive layers of material. It is also known as rapid prototyping, is a mechanized method whereby 3D objects are quickly made on a reasonably sized machine connected to a computer containing blueprints for the object. It is working under the principle of Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). The 3D printing concept of custom manufacturing is exciting to nearly everyone. The basic principles include materials cartridges, flexibility of output, and translation of code into a visible pattern.3D Printers are the machines that produce physical 3D models from digital data by printing layer by layer. It can make physical models of objects either designed with a CAD program or scanned with a 3D Scanner. Here we are going to propose a model report on design and fabrication of a 3D printer.
3d printing is a new technique in pharma sector which shows a wide range of advantages like personalised medicine, one step process, reduce errors of production.
it has various methods which are shown in presentation
This document discusses 3D printing, including its history and various methods such as selective laser sintering, stereolithography, and fused deposition modeling. It describes how 3D printing works and some business impacts like reduced inventory and just-in-time production. The document also covers new developments like 3D printed cars and buildings, as well as challenges involving health impacts, material properties, and potential economic effects.
3D printing involves modeling a 3D design, printing the object layer by layer using materials like plastic or metal powder, and sometimes removing supports. The document discusses the history and principles of 3D printing, common materials used like ABS plastic and nylon, and applications in industries like manufacturing, clothing, and more. Advances in 3D printing may change manufacturing by allowing distributed production worldwide.
What is 3D printing , How Does 3D Printing Work , Types of 3d printing , The History of 3D Printing , 3D Printing Technologies , Common manufactures of 3D printing , 3D Printing Materials , 3D Printing Common applications , Things can't be 3D Printed , By Eng. Osama Ghandour
#WhatIs3DPrinting , #HowDoes3DPrintingWork , #TypesOf3dPrinting , #TheHistoryOf3DPrinting , #3DPrintingTechnologies , #CommonManufacturesOf3DPrinting , #3DPrintingMaterials , #3DPrintingCommonApplications , #ThingsCan'tBe3DPrinted , #ByEng.OsamaGhandour ,
The document discusses additive manufacturing (AM) techniques for thermoplastics. It describes fused deposition modeling (FDM) as the most commonly used AM process, where a plastic filament is heated and extruded through a nozzle to build 3D objects layer by layer. Common thermoplastics used in FDM include ABS, PLA, and nylon. The document outlines applications of FDM like rapid prototyping, manufacturing tools, and customized medical and consumer products. It concludes by discussing the company's vision to support 3D printing innovation in India through testing and collaboration with research organizations.
It include the introduction about 3d pharmaceutical how it works and their different types model used in the manufacturing and their applications in medical
It is very informative and interesting document ....
what is 3d printer
how it works
applications
uses
types
4 major types with their working
and many other informative things
The document summarizes key topics in 3D printing and modeling for designers. It discusses the history and trends in 3D printing technology, potential economic impacts, principles of 3D printing, and various design applications that can benefit from 3D printing like product design, fashion, art, interiors, and more. The document provides an overview of different 3D printing materials and processes.
3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is a process for making 3D objects from a digital file. It creates objects by laying down successive layers of material, with different technologies using materials like polymers, metals, or even edible substances. 3D printing allows for the creation of complex geometric structures and is used across many industries like engineering, healthcare, education, and more. It provides advantages over traditional manufacturing by reducing waste and enabling on-demand production of customized parts.
3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is a process where 3D objects are created by laying down successive layers of material under computer control. The object is first designed using CAD software, which then slices the final model into hundreds or thousands of horizontal layers. The 3D printer then builds the object layer by layer, resulting in a three-dimensional object. There are several common techniques for 3D printing including selective laser sintering (SLS), fused deposition modeling (FDM), and stereolithography (SLA). 3D printing has applications in industries like automotive, medical, aerospace, and consumer products due to its ability to produce complex geometries and customize designs. However, 3D printing also faces
The 3D printing process builds a three-dimensional object from a computer-aided design model, usually by successively adding material layer by layer, which is why it is also called additive manufacturing,
3D printing is an additive manufacturing process where a three-dimensional object is created by laying down successive layers of material under computer control. It builds an object from a digital file describing its shape in thin cross-sections. The 3D printer reads this file and deposits layers of material one by one until the object is completed. Common materials used include plastics, metals, ceramics, and edible substances. 3D printing offers advantages over traditional manufacturing as it enables the creation of complex geometries and customized parts.
This document is a seminar report on 3D printing submitted by Ankit Sharma to the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Global Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India in fulfillment of his B.Tech degree. The report consists of 10 chapters that provide an introduction to 3D printing, discuss current technologies like stereolithography and selective laser sintering, examine additive and subtractive manufacturing processes, explore the advantages and disadvantages of 3D printing, and analyze applications in various fields such as medical, jewelry, footwear, construction, toys, food, and human organs.
3D printer by Mandar Gadkari,3d printer, 3d printing, attractive ppt on 3d p...Mandar Gadkari
3D printing is an additive manufacturing process that creates 3D objects by laying down successive layers of material. It allows for rapid prototyping and complex shapes to be produced at low cost. The document discusses how 3D printers work by applying layers of powder and a binding agent, and then outlines applications in product design, medicine for printing body parts, and architecture for creating models. Advantages include low waste and cost, while disadvantages include the printers still being expensive and the process being slow. The future of 3D printing is discussed as the technology advances.
3D Printing - shaping the future of formulation developmentMerck Life Sciences
1. The presentation discussed 3D printing technologies for pharmaceutical applications, focusing on fused deposition modeling (FDM) and advanced melt drop deposition.
2. FDM uses extrusion of drug-loaded polymer filaments to 3D print tablets, while melt drop deposition uses droplets of molten polymer deposited layer-by-layer.
3. Both technologies showed potential for customized dosage forms and were able to 3D print tablets from the polymer Parteck® MXP with consistent properties. Advanced melt drop deposition allows more complex shapes and adjustable drug release profiles.
This seminar report discusses 3D printing and provides an introduction to the topic. 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, involves using digital files and additive processes to lay down successive layers of material and produce a three-dimensional solid object. The report provides a brief history of 3D printing and describes how it works by starting with a virtual design, discusses current and potential applications such as producing car parts, space construction, medical implants, and food, and concludes by listing some example uses and a few references.
This document summarizes a technical seminar on 3D printing presented by B.Vineetha. It discusses the history and development of 3D printing, how 3D printers work by building objects layer by layer from a digital design. It describes common 3D printing methods like stereolithography, selective laser sintering, and fused deposition modeling. The document also covers applications of 3D printing in fields like industrial design, medicine, fashion, and more. It concludes that 3D printing offers advantages like time and cost savings compared to traditional manufacturing.
Marketing Plan: Cube and CubeX 3D PrintersMartina Ascoli
This presentation shows an idea of a marketing plan for the consumer products of 3D System co. developed for Strategic Marketing and Marketing Plan course. A first evaluation of the product, the market and the company leads to a SWOT Analysis from which the marketing strategy is derived. The marketing plan is structured in three main objectives that can be achieved by specific actions on the variables of product, promotion and placement.
3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, involves building 3D objects from a digital file by laying down successive layers of material. The process begins with a 3D digital model that is then sliced into thin horizontal layers and printed one layer at a time. Different 3D printing techniques exist, utilizing materials like plastic, metal, sand, or chocolate, with Fused Deposition Modeling being the most common. 3D printing enables the fast and low-cost production of objects, especially in low volumes, and allows for greater design flexibility compared to traditional subtractive manufacturing methods.
3D printing is called as additive manufacturing technology where a three dimensional object is created by laying down successive layers of material. It is also known as rapid prototyping, is a mechanized method whereby 3D objects are quickly made on a reasonably sized machine connected to a computer containing blueprints for the object. It is working under the principle of Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). The 3D printing concept of custom manufacturing is exciting to nearly everyone. The basic principles include materials cartridges, flexibility of output, and translation of code into a visible pattern.3D Printers are the machines that produce physical 3D models from digital data by printing layer by layer. It can make physical models of objects either designed with a CAD program or scanned with a 3D Scanner. Here we are going to propose a model report on design and fabrication of a 3D printer.
3d printing is a new technique in pharma sector which shows a wide range of advantages like personalised medicine, one step process, reduce errors of production.
it has various methods which are shown in presentation
This document discusses 3D printing, including its history and various methods such as selective laser sintering, stereolithography, and fused deposition modeling. It describes how 3D printing works and some business impacts like reduced inventory and just-in-time production. The document also covers new developments like 3D printed cars and buildings, as well as challenges involving health impacts, material properties, and potential economic effects.
3D printing involves modeling a 3D design, printing the object layer by layer using materials like plastic or metal powder, and sometimes removing supports. The document discusses the history and principles of 3D printing, common materials used like ABS plastic and nylon, and applications in industries like manufacturing, clothing, and more. Advances in 3D printing may change manufacturing by allowing distributed production worldwide.
What is 3D printing , How Does 3D Printing Work , Types of 3d printing , The History of 3D Printing , 3D Printing Technologies , Common manufactures of 3D printing , 3D Printing Materials , 3D Printing Common applications , Things can't be 3D Printed , By Eng. Osama Ghandour
#WhatIs3DPrinting , #HowDoes3DPrintingWork , #TypesOf3dPrinting , #TheHistoryOf3DPrinting , #3DPrintingTechnologies , #CommonManufacturesOf3DPrinting , #3DPrintingMaterials , #3DPrintingCommonApplications , #ThingsCan'tBe3DPrinted , #ByEng.OsamaGhandour ,
The document discusses additive manufacturing (AM) techniques for thermoplastics. It describes fused deposition modeling (FDM) as the most commonly used AM process, where a plastic filament is heated and extruded through a nozzle to build 3D objects layer by layer. Common thermoplastics used in FDM include ABS, PLA, and nylon. The document outlines applications of FDM like rapid prototyping, manufacturing tools, and customized medical and consumer products. It concludes by discussing the company's vision to support 3D printing innovation in India through testing and collaboration with research organizations.
It include the introduction about 3d pharmaceutical how it works and their different types model used in the manufacturing and their applications in medical
It is very informative and interesting document ....
what is 3d printer
how it works
applications
uses
types
4 major types with their working
and many other informative things
The document summarizes key topics in 3D printing and modeling for designers. It discusses the history and trends in 3D printing technology, potential economic impacts, principles of 3D printing, and various design applications that can benefit from 3D printing like product design, fashion, art, interiors, and more. The document provides an overview of different 3D printing materials and processes.
3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is a process for making 3D objects from a digital file. It creates objects by laying down successive layers of material, with different technologies using materials like polymers, metals, or even edible substances. 3D printing allows for the creation of complex geometric structures and is used across many industries like engineering, healthcare, education, and more. It provides advantages over traditional manufacturing by reducing waste and enabling on-demand production of customized parts.
3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is a process where 3D objects are created by laying down successive layers of material under computer control. The object is first designed using CAD software, which then slices the final model into hundreds or thousands of horizontal layers. The 3D printer then builds the object layer by layer, resulting in a three-dimensional object. There are several common techniques for 3D printing including selective laser sintering (SLS), fused deposition modeling (FDM), and stereolithography (SLA). 3D printing has applications in industries like automotive, medical, aerospace, and consumer products due to its ability to produce complex geometries and customize designs. However, 3D printing also faces
The 3D printing process builds a three-dimensional object from a computer-aided design model, usually by successively adding material layer by layer, which is why it is also called additive manufacturing,
The document discusses additive manufacturing (AM) techniques for thermoplastics. It describes fused deposition modeling (FDM) as the most commonly used AM process, where a plastic filament is extruded through a heated nozzle to build 3D objects layer by layer. Common thermoplastics used in FDM include ABS, PLA, and nylon. The document outlines applications of FDM such as rapid prototyping, manufacturing tools, small series production, and customized medical devices. It concludes by outlining the company's vision to support 3D printing innovation in India through testing and collaboration with research organizations.
Enhancing PLA Material Performance in FDM 3D Printing: Investigating Tensile ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that used the Taguchi method to investigate how infill, orientation, and pattern parameters affect the tensile strength and surface roughness of 3D printed PLA parts. Nine experiments were conducted using an FDM 3D printer, varying the infill angle, part orientation angle, and layer thickness. The results identified the parameter combinations that optimize tensile strength to help designers produce stronger 3D printed prototypes in a cost-effective manner using the Taguchi method.
Role of 3D Printer in Additive ManufacturingIRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the role of 3D printers in additive manufacturing. It describes how 3D printers build objects layer by layer from digital files using various materials like plastics and metals.
2) Material extrusion is highlighted as a common 3D printing technique where thermoplastic filament is heated and selectively deposited through a nozzle to build layers. This approach is inexpensive but slower than others.
3) Examples of parts made using 3D printing include a two-stroke engine, impeller, and jaw chuck. The document outlines the process of designing models, preparing files for printing, and some issues that can occur.
Study on the Fused Deposition Modelling In Additive ManufacturingIJERD Editor
Additive manufacturing process, also popularly known as 3-D printing, is a process where a product
is created in a succession of layers. It is based on a novel materials incremental manufacturing philosophy.
Unlike conventional manufacturing processes where material is removed from a given work price to derive the
final shape of a product, 3-D printing develops the product from scratch thus obviating the necessity to cut away
materials. This prevents wastage of raw materials. Commonly used raw materials for the process are ABS
plastic, PLA and nylon. Recently the use of gold, bronze and wood has also been implemented. The complexity
factor of this process is 0% as in any object of any shape and size can be manufactured.
3D Printing Of Buildings in Construction IndustryIRJET Journal
This document discusses 3D printing technologies for use in the construction industry. It begins by outlining the benefits of 3D printing for construction, such as faster building times, reduced costs and injuries. It then discusses various 3D printing techniques like contour crafting. Examples are provided of structures that have been fully or partially 3D printed. Requirements for preparing digital models for 3D printing are also outlined. The document concludes that while 3D printing for construction is promising, further development of materials and standardization is still needed.
The document discusses 3D printing development work done for the WFIRST-AFTA space telescope project. It describes testing different 3D printing materials and configurations on a MakerBot Replicator 2X printer to print scale models of the WFIRST-AFTA observatory. Various filament materials and their pairings were tested, including PVA, ABS, PLA and HIPS. Issues with warping, clogging and supports detaching were addressed through techniques like adjusting extrusion speeds and temperatures, adding raft layers, and changing the infill density. The goal was to optimize the 3D printing process to efficiently produce detailed models for the engineering team to evaluate designs.
The document provides information on 3D printing technologies and materials. It discusses the 7 main additive manufacturing technologies including material extrusion, vat photopolymerization, material jetting, binder jetting, powder bed fusion, sheet lamination, and directed energy deposition. For material extrusion, it focuses on fused filament fabrication and common filament materials like ABS and PLA. It also discusses newer technologies like continuous liquid interface production that can print significantly faster than other methods.
The document provides an overview of 3D printing including its history, working principles, types of printing processes, and conclusions about its use. It discusses how 3D printing has gained importance in manufacturing over the past decade as an additive process. The working principle involves forming a 3D model, printing the model layer-by-layer, and finishing the model. Different printing types are described like stereolithography, laminated object manufacturing, and fused deposition modeling. In conclusion, 3D printing is positioned to become more widely used for prototyping and production, though challenges around quality and intellectual property protection remain.
Stratasys White Paper - Injection MoldingSUE BROWN
The document discusses 3D printed molds for injection molding. It begins by introducing injection molding and the traditional expensive and time-consuming process for creating molds. It then describes how 3D printed molds using PolyJet technology provide a cheaper and faster alternative for creating prototypes and short production runs. The document provides details on the PolyJet printing process, guidelines for material selection and mold design, examples of testing done with PolyJet molds, and best practices for using PolyJet molds in the injection molding process.
Rapid prototyping (RP) has emerged as a key enabling technology that can shorten product design and development time. This article discusses the role of RP in 'time compression' engineering and provides a brief description of three RP processes: stereolithography, selective laser sintering, and fused deposition modelling. The article also outlines different applications of RP technology in areas like functional models, patterns for investment casting, and medical/surgical models. Finally, it discusses future developments needed to further advance this field.
FDM Modeled Polymer Tooling for Plastic Injection MoldingIJAMSE Journal
Rapid Prototyping is being accepted globally by industries for its potential in saving on process time and cost. Rapid Tooling helps Rapid Prototyping grow beyond its conventional Feel & Fit status to Feel Fit Function status and is increasingly becoming popular. However, potential of rapid prototyping for normal
production run is still not being realized. In that situation Rapid Tooling becomes a viable alternative. The greatest opportunity for rapid tooling implementation is the use of Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology. Further, polymer based direct rapid tooling provide large cost reduction and can also be
readily accessible by industries. With the advances in materials along with the new access and low cost plastic based- AM equipment, direct use Polymer Rapid Tools (PRTs) would be a far more advantageous option in creating injection molds for low and highly flexible production. However, the use of polymer
based direct rapid tooling by industries is curtailed due to the issues with the dimensional stability of the polymer based rapid tooling molds. Apart from dimensional tolerances, there are also issues with the life of these polymer based mold as they wear fast and are also not able to sustain high injection pressures in an Injection molding machine. Another, major problem with the polymer based rapid tooling is the poor thermal conductivity of polymeric materials due to which there is an increase in the cooling time and ultimately leading to decrease in productivity. Therefore, before proposing polymer based rapid tooling as a solution to industries to cut down the product development time and bring down the costs, a thorough study of the issues related to the same is imperative. This paper investigates the dimensional accuracy of striker component produced by ABS mold inserts. For dimensional accuracy a reverse engineering technique3D scanning is used which is compared with CAD file and inspected with COMET plus software. Further, the outputs are validated with vernier caliper. The mold insert is manufactured by Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technology which is used on injection molding machine
Additive manufacturing 3D Printing technologySTAY CURIOUS
Additive manufacturing 3D Printing
3D printing is the process of building an object one thin layer at a time. It is fundamentally additive rather than subtractive in nature. To many, 3D printing is the singular production of often-ornate objects on a desktop printer.
The document discusses the history and materials used in 3D printing. It begins by explaining how 3D printing aims to reduce product development time and remove restrictions of traditional manufacturing. The history section notes that 3D printing technology has advanced from early stereolithography machines in 1984 to modern desktop 3D printers that can print complex objects layer by layer using plastics. The main section provides a table that lists over 20 common 3D printing materials like PLA, ABS, nylon and lists the recommended printing temperatures and tips for using each material.
This document provides information about 3D printing from the National Institute of Technology in Hamirpur, India. It defines 3D printing as a process that creates physical objects by depositing material layer by layer based on a digital model. The document then discusses the history and development of 3D printing, including the first commercial 3D printer in 1987, and covers various 3D printing technologies, materials, applications and benefits and limitations.
This document provides an overview of 3D printing technologies and their applications in the aircraft industry. It discusses various 3D printing processes like additive manufacturing, types of 3D printers, materials used, and applications in aircraft manufacturing. Some key advantages of 3D printing for aircraft include rapid prototyping, customized complex parts, reduced costs and waste. Future potential includes larger-scale printing of aircraft components and use of advanced materials. While it enables new possibilities, 3D printing also faces limitations like smaller build sizes and lower tolerances compared to traditional methods.
3D printing technology builds objects layer by layer from digital models, opening new possibilities in design and customization. It is hailed as a versatile and disruptive technology that will transform sectors like healthcare, aerospace, education, and consumer goods. 3D printing works by building up layers of materials like plastic or metal to form objects. It is used to create models, prototypes, tools, spare parts, and more. The choice of materials depends on the type of 3D printing and the object's requirements, with common materials including plastics, metals, ceramics, and composites.
IRJET - Design and Development of Multi-Material Extrusion in FDM 3D PrintersIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a multi-material extrusion system for fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printers. Traditionally, FDM printers can only print with one material at a time. The authors propose a design that uses multiple hot end and extruder assemblies that can be picked up and replaced by the printer carriage. This would allow the printer to print with different materials without pausing the print. The key advantages are that replacement of damaged parts would be fast and simple, and other toolheads like laser cutters could also be easily installed on the printer. Two initial prototype designs are described - one using a cam mechanism to move a single hot end up and down, and another using a lifting mechanism to
Este manual describe diferentes métodos para el diseño de sistemas electroneumáticos avanzados, incluyendo métodos directos, de bandera, cascada, paso a paso mínimo y máximo. Incluye secciones sobre secuencias, controles lógicos programables y diagnóstico de fallas. El documento proporciona ejemplos y ejercicios para aplicar estos métodos.
Este documento trata sobre controladores lógicos programables (PLC). Presenta una introducción a los PLC, incluyendo su concepto, ventajas, campos de aplicación, estructura y equipos de programación. También clasifica los diferentes tipos de PLC y describe su uso en tableros de control industrial.
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The document is a system manual that provides information about installing, programming, and configuring S7-200 SMART CPUs and expansion modules, including an overview of the products, new features, communication options, and instructions for connecting to a CPU and creating a sample program.
Siemens' SIMATIC S7-200 SMART PLC offers an affordable and flexible automation solution for developing markets. It provides a range of CPU modules with integrated I/O and communication ports. Additional I/O and communication can be added via cost-effective signal boards. The PLC uses a high-speed processor and user-friendly software to provide powerful motion control, networking, and programming capabilities despite its low cost. It can be integrated with other Siemens products to create complete automation solutions for applications like packaging machines.
El documento describe diferentes métodos para variar la velocidad de motores eléctricos de corriente alterna de dos o tres velocidades, incluyendo el uso de dos bobinados independientes, la conexión Dahlander y variadores de frecuencia electrónicos. Se explican circuitos de potencia y mando para cada método y se proporcionan ejemplos de relaciones de velocidad que se pueden lograr.
PLC: Buses industriales y de campo practicas de laboratorio por Jose Miguel R...SANTIAGO PABLO ALBERTO
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Electrónica: Diseño y desarrollo de circuitos impresos con Kicad por Miguel P...SANTIAGO PABLO ALBERTO
Este documento presenta un manual sobre el diseño y desarrollo de circuitos impresos utilizando el software libre Kicad. Explica conceptos básicos como footprints, pads, pistas, capas y librerías. Incluye instrucciones para la instalación de Kicad en Windows y Linux, y guías detalladas sobre la edición de esquemas, la creación de la placa de circuito impreso y el diseño de pistas.
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Este documento describe las condiciones de uso de una tesis protegida por derechos de autor. Se requiere reconocer los derechos del autor y citarlo correctamente. No se puede usar la tesis con fines comerciales ni distribuirla sin permiso.
Este documento presenta información sobre la documentación técnica necesaria para proyectos de automatización. Explica que la documentación debe incluir planos de instalación, diagramas de bloques, esquemas de circuitos, diagramas y tablas, y planos de conexiones. Además, detalla normas para la documentación como IEC 61082 e IEC 60617 y proporciona detalles sobre la identificación de componentes a través de códigos normalizados.
Electrónica digital: Introducción a la Lógica Digital - Teoría, Problemas y ...SANTIAGO PABLO ALBERTO
Este documento presenta un libro sobre electrónica digital que introduce conceptos básicos de lógica digital como sistemas de numeración, representación de números, codificación de información, álgebra de conmutación y funciones lógicas básicas. El libro fue desarrollado por un equipo de 11 profesores e ingenieros de la Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia y está destinado a estudiantes de ingeniería eléctrica y electrónica.
The CBC machine is a common diagnostic tool used by doctors to measure a patient's red blood cell count, white blood cell count and platelet count. The machine uses a small sample of the patient's blood, which is then placed into special tubes and analyzed. The results of the analysis are then displayed on a screen for the doctor to review. The CBC machine is an important tool for diagnosing various conditions, such as anemia, infection and leukemia. It can also help to monitor a patient's response to treatment.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
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politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
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population health. The study explores stakeholders' perceptions on critical success factors, identifying
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exchange. Facilitators for integration include cost reduction initiatives and interoperability policies.
Technologies like IoT, Big Data, AI, Machine Learning, and robotics enhance diagnostics, treatment
precision, and real-time monitoring, reducing errors and optimizing resource utilization. Automation
improves employee satisfaction and patient care, while Blockchain and telemedicine drive cost reductions.
Successful integration requires skilled professionals and supportive policies, promising efficient resource
use, lower error rates, and accelerated processes, leading to optimized global healthcare outcomes.
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...shadow0702a
This document serves as a comprehensive step-by-step guide on how to effectively use PyCharm for remote debugging of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on a local Windows machine. It meticulously outlines several critical steps in the process, starting with the crucial task of enabling permissions, followed by the installation and configuration of WSL.
The guide then proceeds to explain how to set up the SSH service within the WSL environment, an integral part of the process. Alongside this, it also provides detailed instructions on how to modify the inbound rules of the Windows firewall to facilitate the process, ensuring that there are no connectivity issues that could potentially hinder the debugging process.
The document further emphasizes on the importance of checking the connection between the Windows and WSL environments, providing instructions on how to ensure that the connection is optimal and ready for remote debugging.
It also offers an in-depth guide on how to configure the WSL interpreter and files within the PyCharm environment. This is essential for ensuring that the debugging process is set up correctly and that the program can be run effectively within the WSL terminal.
Additionally, the document provides guidance on how to set up breakpoints for debugging, a fundamental aspect of the debugging process which allows the developer to stop the execution of their code at certain points and inspect their program at those stages.
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Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
2. PAGE 2
2020 GUIDE TO 3D PRINTING MATERIALS
a. Model Materials
b. Support Materials
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
P 5.
P 19.
P 17.
INTRODUCTION TO 3D PRINTING MATERIALS
3D PRINTING MATERIALS: FROM CONCEPT
TO PRODUCTION WITH BASE POLYMERS
NOT ALL 3D PRINTERS ARE EQUAL:
5 Things that allow MakerBot METHOD
to Print Materials Better
COMPOSITES: THE NEXT GENERATION
OF 3D PRINTING MATERIALS
P 4.
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2020 GUIDE TO 3D PRINTING MATERIALS
INTRODUCTION TO 3D PRINTING MATERIALS
In 1989, the first FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) 3D printer was invented and, with it, the dawn of an era
of possibilities for product design and manufacturing. The first material for that printer was a mix of wax
and plastic. Over the next 30 years, material scientists developed a range of new and exotic materials,
while hardware and software advancements in 3D printing enabled the use of these new materials. Most
of the early 3D printers and materials developed were only available to companies who could afford
their six-figure (or more) price tags, but recently there has been a renaissance in which major material
manufacturers are flocking to the space. With that popularity, a wealth of new materials are being
developed and optimized for 3D printers.
While some of these materials print spectacularly, others still have a ways to go in terms of reliability, print
quality, or material performance. Some materials are extremely affordable and others can be costly. With
all of these options and variables, it can be daunting to someone who is relatively new to 3D printing. For
that reason, we’ve created a guide that will take you through the ins and outs of FDM 3D printing materials,
when to use them, and what to expect along the way.
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2020 GUIDE TO 3D PRINTING MATERIALS
PLA
TOUGH
PET-G
NYLON
ABS
ASA
PC-ABS
PC-ABS FR
Nylon
Carbon Fiber
Conceptual
Prototyping
Functional
Prototyping
Manufacturing
Aids
End-Use Parts
Explaining the properties and pros and cons of materials is helpful, but it might not be clear which material
is right for your application(s). In this section, we’ll take some base FDM polymers and organize them in the
context of the product development cycle – with the first materials being best for the initial concepts, and the
last more suited for the manufacturing line or final end-use parts.
3D Printing Materials: From Concept
to Production with Base Polymers
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2020 GUIDE TO 3D PRINTING MATERIALS
PLA
Fast, Easy, Rigid
Best Uses: Concept prototypes
PLA (polylactic acid) is a great material for early concept models because it is easy to use, office-friendly,
and works well with breakaway supports which print faster and can be removed faster than dissolvable
supports. PLA is a corn-based plastic and is considered biodegradable under industrial processes. PLA is
strong in tensile strength and modulus relative to other base polymers, which may be surprising to some
because it is generally viewed as a fairly basic material. One potential downside of PLA is its brittleness – if
it fails, it fractures catastrophically whereas some of the other polymers may bend.
Parts: 3D Laser Scanner
Support: Breakaway Support
Print Time: 23h 58m
These 3D laser scanner prototypes are printed
using PLA with breakaway supports and showcase
how multiple iterations can be printed quickly and
cost-effectively to help with concept development.
Model Materials
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2020 GUIDE TO 3D PRINTING MATERIALS
Best Uses: Functional prototypes
Tough is a relatively new category of material that has a PLA base with modifiers to increase its tensile
modulus to make it more impact-resistant. The combination of ease of use, office-friendliness, and durability
/ machinability make it great for mid-stage prototypes. Tough has an incredibly high elongation before break
making it highly durable – this can be seen when printing extremely thin living hinges, which can be bent back
and flexed many times before breaking. While highly durable, Tough can lack the higher quality surface and
detail finish of both PLA and ABS.
TOUGH MATERIAL
Fast, Easy, Durable
Parts: Mouse
Support: PVA
Print Time: 26h 31m
This computer mouse assembly prototype is
printed using MakerBot Tough Material with PVA
dissolvable supports. The PVA support washes
away with water allowing for more complex
geometries without harming the surface finish.
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2020 GUIDE TO 3D PRINTING MATERIALS
Best Uses: Functional prototypes
PETG’s (glycol-modified polyethylene terephthalate) chemical resistance makes it a choice material for
liquid containers and bottles, which also makes it great for prototyping those types of products. While
available in a range of colors, PETG’s glycol addition removes haziness to give it a nice translucence. The
glycol also increases the strength and heat-resistance compared to PET. In addition to containers, the liquid
/ chemical resistance can benefit a range of uses from the machine shop to the lab.
PETG
Chemical Resistant, Durable
Parts: CNC Shop Vac
Vaccum Nozzle
Support: PVA
Print Time: 6h 41m
This vacuum nozzle was printed as an attachment
for a shop vac for removing waste material
from a CNC machine. PETG is a great choice for
this application due to the material’s chemical
resistance to the CNC coolant.
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2020 GUIDE TO 3D PRINTING MATERIALS
Best Uses: Functional prototypes, manufacturing tools
ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) is one of the most popular materials for injection molded consumer
products due to its clean surface finish, durability, and heat resistance. For this reason, it is often used for
prototyping consumer products that will later be injection molded. By using ABS, the prototype is more
likely to look, feel, and perform like the final product. ABS’s durability and high heat deflection temperature
also makes it a good material for use in the lab or on the factory floor.
ABS
Smooth, Durable, Heat-Resistant
Parts: Thermocouple
Thermometer
Support: Stratasys®
SR-30
Print Time: 16h 16m
This meat thermometer from OXO is a great
example of a complex assembly being prototyped
in the same material as the final injection molded
part – ABS.
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2020 GUIDE TO 3D PRINTING MATERIALS
Best Uses: Functional prototypes
ASA (acrylonitrile styrene acrylate) combines the qualities of ABS with the added benefit of UV resistance
and additional moisture resistance, making it ideal for equipment exposed to sunlight and rain over long
periods of time – such as products for the agriculture, transportation, and power and utility industries.
Because the use of ASA is fairly common in production parts for these industries, the prototyping of the
same parts in ASA allows test engineers to better understand how their products will hold up in extreme
weather conditions. In the field, a utility worker or a farmer could benefit from printing replacement parts as
needed for broken equipment.
ASA
UV and Weather Resistant, Durable
Parts: Electrical Outlet Cover
Support: Stratasys®
SR-30
Print Time: 4h 29m
This electrical outlet cover is printed in ASA and is a
great example of a prototype for testing products
that will be exposed to outdoor elements.
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2020 GUIDE TO 3D PRINTING MATERIALS
Best Uses: Replacement Parts
Nylon’s ability to withstand high temperatures and its durability combine to give it above average abrasion
resistance. While the storage of replacement parts can be costly, the ability to instead store the CAD
file and print the parts as needed is an alternative that can save space and provide flexibility. Gears take
consistent punishment and high abrasion, making Nylon an ideal material for this type of part.
NYLON
Abrasion-Resistant, Strong
This conveyor gear is an example of a replacement
part for a manufacturing facility or distribution center.
Parts: Conveyor Gear
Support: PVA
Print Time: 10h 19m
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2020 GUIDE TO 3D PRINTING MATERIALS
Best Uses: Functional Prototypes, End-Use Part
PC-ABS might seem like a composite, being that it is a mix of two polymers (polycarbonate and ABS), but the
classic definition of a composite for 3D printing materials tends to refer to a polymer that has been reinforced
with a solid particle (fibers, glass beads, etc.). If you use ABS, you might want to check out PC-ABS. It’s got
many of the properties that make ABS desirable with added strength and heat-resistance beyond the range
of regular ABS and thus is a common material used in the automotive industry.
PC-ABS
Durable and Heat Resistant
This Train Car Handle represents an ergonomic
prototype utilizing the same PC-ABS material that
will be used in the final stage of production
Parts: Train Car Handle
Support: SR-30
Print Time: 14h 01m
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2020 GUIDE TO 3D PRINTING MATERIALS
Best Uses: End-Use Parts
Preventing or slowing the spread of fire can be important in many testing or end-use applications. By
modifying a base polymer like PC-ABS,, it is possible to 3D print parts that are not only strong, but also
have extinguishing properties that prevent flames. FR is an important characteristic for parts made for the
automotive, railway, and aerospace industries.
PC-ABS FR
Durable, Heat Resistant, and Flame Retardant
This air-quality nozzle is printed in PC-ABS FR and
due to its physical characteristics and FR make it
ideal for end-use in a train or bus.
Parts: A/C Outlet
Support: SR-30
Print Time: 8h 46m
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2020 GUIDE TO 3D PRINTING MATERIALS
Breakaway supports aren’t so much a type of material, but rather a software trick in which the slicing program
fills in the void below the model with a removable structure printed in the same material. Breakaway supports
are popular because they can use the same material as the printed model with a single extruder (as opposed
to dissolvable supports requiring a second extruder and material). The quality of the print then depends on
a couple of variables. The first is dependent on the slicing algorithm. A good slicer will ensure that the prints
are well supported, but also leave a seam along which a clean break can be made. The second thing to
consider is which material is being used. A hard, rigid plastic like PLA is really best for this because it is more
apt to having a clean fracture whereas a less rigid plastic will bend and tear when removing support, leaving
remnants on the model part.
Whether you’re working with FDM, SLA, SLS, or another type of 3D printer, unless you’re printing in space, you
have to account for gravity. If you’re printing something like a solid cube, this isn’t really an issue because
each layer has a corresponding layer beneath it for support. But what if you have an object that has portions
of the model that are essentially floating in midair with no structure directly underneath them? This is where
removable supports come into play. Depending on the type of FDM 3D printer you are working with, there are
a few good options you can use.
BREAKAWAY (USING MODEL MATERIAL)
Support Materials
Enabling the most complex geometries
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2020 GUIDE TO 3D PRINTING MATERIALS
PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) is a water soluble support material that is compatible with many lower
temperature model materials such as PLA and PETG. Printing PVA alongside a model material requires
at least two extruders so you’ll need a printer with dual extrusion for this. Because PVA is water soluble,
it is extremely office-friendly - you can place your part in water and after a few hours, the supports will
dissolve. Using a dissolvable material like PVA allows you to create much more complex parts because
the solvent (in this case water) can reach deep within channels and crevices of the part. It also can
reduce the damage caused to the print, which might be more prevalent when using breakaway supports.
PVA
Parts: Ski Goggles
Model: Tough
Print Time: 25h 48m
This single cylinder engine block is printed in MakerBot
Tough with PVA water-soluble supports. The PVA
supports in this example showcase the ability to print
deep channels without compromising the dimensional
accuracy or surface finish of the part itself. Putting the
part in water overnight will yield a clean part that is
ready to bolt into place for a fit test in this case.
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2020 GUIDE TO 3D PRINTING MATERIALS
SR-30 is a proprietary material developed by Stratasys to work seamlessly with ABS, ASA, and various
other high-temp materials. Because of this focused development, using SR-30 with these typically more
challenging materials can yield exceptional results that wouldn’t be possible with something like PVA,
which is very difficult to use with ABS. Like PVA, SR-30 is dissolvable and can enable extreme complexity
of geometry while maintaining excellent surface finish at the support site. Unlike PVA, SR-30 requires a
specialty solvent along with heat, to efficiently dissolve. Users of SR-30 will need to invest in additional
equipment, and possibly use in a more controlled environment like a lab.
SR-30
Parts: EOA Robotic Sander
Model: ABS
Print Time: 66h 15m
This robotic sander is an end of arm tool that can
be attached to a Universal Robots UR10e arm for
automated hand sanding. The part benefits from the
use of Stratasys® SR-30 dissolvable support, which
allows for the design of an internal cavity in which
sawdust can be channeled from the surface to a
shop vac hose fitted to the exhaust vent.
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2020 GUIDE TO 3D PRINTING MATERIALS
While it’s important to have a firm core of base polymers for your printer, there is growing excitement around
composite materials, or materials that combine a polymer with a solid particle (fiber, bead, etc) to enhance
properties and increase performance. The MakerBot LABS Experimental Extruder for METHOD, for example,
gives users the possibility of using MakerBot’s primary base polymers, alongside a massive array of third-
party composites and other advanced polymers. While it’s not realistic to cover each and every composite,
there are a few examples below that give insight into a world of new possibilities through these offerings.
CARBON FIBER + BASE POLYMER
Parts: 3 Blade Propeller
Model: SR-30
Print Time: 13h 34m
This 3 Blade Propeller benefits from high tensile
strength with its ability to withstand very high RPMs
while maintaining a low-weight profile.
COMPOSITES: THE NEXT GENERATION OF
3D PRINTING MATERIALS
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2020 GUIDE TO 3D PRINTING MATERIALS
Carbon Fiber is one of those materials that creates a buzz whenever it comes up, and for good reason.
The use of carbon fibers can create incredible strength while keeping weight low. Carbon fibers can be
composited with a number of other polymers, for example ABS carbon fiber can provide the clean surface
of ABS with the added strength of carbon fibers.
Nylon 6 Carbon Fiber has the strength and lightweight benefits of other carbon fiber composites. The
main thing about Nylon 6 that sets it apart from others in that category is its ability to withstand higher
temperatures. The heat deflection temperature is significantly higher than many of the popular base
polymers. In the case of MakerBot Nylon Carbon Fiber, the HDT is 100°C higher than that of ABS and 93°C
higher than regular Nylon 6.
This propeller printed in Nylon 6 Carbon Fiber has the tensile strength to spin at high RPMs while maintaining
a lightweight profile and withstanding temperatures of up to 184°C.
Much like Nylon 6 Carbon Fiber, the Nylon 12 variant has the benefits of strength, stiffness, and lightweight.
Unlike Nylon 6, Nylon 12 has a better resistance to moisture uptake, making it somewhat easier to print and
giving the printed part a cleaner final appearance without the need for post-processing. One drawback of
Nylon 12 compared to Nylon 6 is it will generally have a lower HDT - so you really just need to weight what is
most important for your specific application.
ESD (Electrostatic Dissipative) is a property
that reduces static electricity in order to
protect electrostatic-sensitive devices, or to
contain flammable liquids or gases. Through
modifications in chemistry, and the addition of a
solid particle such as Carbon Black, 3D printing
base polymers, such as PETG, can take on ESD
characteristics, making them ideal for creating
test fixtures or housings for circuit boards.
ESD
NYLON 6 CARBON FIBER
NYLON 12 CARBON FIBER
Parts: Electronics Board Jig
Model: SR-30
Print Time: 4h 32m
18. PAGE 18
2020 GUIDE TO 3D PRINTING MATERIALS
While FDM (also known as FFF) is a specific category of 3D printers, that doesn’t mean all FDM 3D printers
are created equally. Within the family of FDM, costs can range from $200 to $200,000. While the most
basic 3D printing technology is a build plate, with an extruder and a gantry, there are many things you can
do to improve print quality, material diversity, complexity, and more. For this section, we’re going to focus
on the industrial processes and features that enable the MakerBot METHOD to print with a unique blend
of speed, dimensional accuracy, and reliability. We’ll go in chronological order from initial development
through to final print.
DUAL PERFORMANCE
DRY-SEALED
CIRCULATING HEATED
TOUCHSCREEN
ULTRA-RIGID
METAL FRAME
SENSORS + CONNECTIVITY
SPRING STEEL BUILD PLATE
SMART SPOOLS AND SMART
ASSIST MATERIAL LOADER
DISSOLUBLE SUPPORT SYSTEM
Not All 3D Printers are Equal:
5 Things that allow MakerBot METHOD
to Print Materials Better
19. PAGE 19
2020 GUIDE TO 3D PRINTING MATERIALS
1. Testing and Optimization
Once the decision is made to optimize a new material for the METHOD platform, MakerBot typically works
with a material supplier to get samples and suggested settings. From there, a collaborative effort between
MakerBot’s software development team and test engineering group will develop and optimize slicing profiles
that will yield best results in part quality, surface finish, dimensional accuracy, and print time. Depending on
the material type, this process can take up to several months.
During the optimization, ABR tests are conducted across dozens of printers to ensure consistency of these
settings while printing some of the most challenging geometries. These tests can be grueling and push the
printers to their limits to find the limits of both the hardware and the material, and ensure the user will have a
good experience when they print with the new material.
PRINTER OPTIMIZATION
TORTURE TESTING
20. PAGE 20
2020 GUIDE TO 3D PRINTING MATERIALS
2. Shipping and Handling
Once the material is manufactured, it is spooled up and bagged. METHOD utilizes the Smart Spool system,
which is a purpose-built spool that contains sensors read by the printer when loaded into the material bay.
The RFID chips contain information about the material type, color, amount remaining on the spool, etc. This
information allows the printer to use the optimized print settings with the material type, further streamlining
the user experience. The spools are shipped in resealable mylar bags, which are impermeable to light and
moisture and help protect the filament from potential damage. Within the spool there is also desiccant to
keep the environment moisture-free.
SMART SPOOL / MYLAR BAG
21. PAGE 21
2020 GUIDE TO 3D PRINTING MATERIALS
3. Loading and Storing
Once the spool is loaded into the drawer of
the material bay, you only need to insert the
tip of the filament into the material slot. The
printer recognizes the presence of filament
and will do the rest of the work loading the
filament up the routing tube and into the
extruder. This hands-free process is not
only convenient for users but also prevents
the user from accidentally adjusting a
calibrated extruder.
Once material starts loading, the drawers
on the material bays can be closed. The
two Dry-Sealed Material Bays are sealed
from the outside environment. This seal,
combined with the desiccant cartridge of
the Smart Spool, ensures that the material
is stored in a low-humidity environment
even during printing and in between prints.
A sensor in the bay can show the humidity
level within the bay and humidity levels can
be tracked across Smart Spools. Protection
from humidity is especially important when
printing with materials like Nylon and PVA –
both of which are prone to absorb moisture
which can cause damage to the end print.
SMART ASSIST MATERIAL LOADER
DRY-SEALED MATERIAL BAYS
22. PAGE 22
2020 GUIDE TO 3D PRINTING MATERIALS
4. Printing
METHOD has two extruders – one for model
material and one for support material. These
extruders are packed with a sensor suite
and chip set that enable them to accurately
control print temperature so as not to
damage materials. The sensor suite also
includes active jam detection, and auto-
stop when filament runs out. With a range
of temperatures, METHOD’s extruders can
handle higher temp materials such as ABS
and ASA, or when active cooling is turned on,
single extrusion low temp materials can be
printed with ease.
PERFORMANCE EXTRUDERS
One of the marquee features of METHOD
that distinguishes it from other 3D printer
options in its price class is the Circulating
Heated Build Chamber. Using two active
heat exchangers on either side of the printer,
METHOD warms the chamber temperature
from 40°C and 100°C depending on the
material. By creating a consistent chamber
temperature throughout, METHOD is able to
achieve a printed part dimensional accuracy
within ±0.007in (±0.2mm) of the CAD design.
The added heat also increases the strength
of the bond between vertical layer lines –
giving the part strength on all three axes (not
just two).
CIRCULATING HEATED CHAMBER
23. PAGE 23
2020 GUIDE TO 3D PRINTING MATERIALS
5. Drying
A new feature added to METHOD is the ability to dry spools using the heat within the Circulating Heated
Chamber. This is great if you have a spool that’s been left out of the bag for a long period of time, or if the
spool is older and the desiccant has become saturated. To run this function, use the touchscreen to navigate
to Settings > Advanced and select Dry Filament.
CHAMBER MATERIAL DRYING
24. Print all the materials in this guide and more on METHOD
MAKERBOT.COM/METHOD/
Industrial 3D Printing for Every Engineer
25. PAGE 25
2020 GUIDE TO 3D PRINTING MATERIALS
PAGE
25
MAKERBOT
EDUCATORS
GUIDEBOOK
PROJECT
01:
CLOUD
T
YPES
AND
DISPL
AY
STANDS
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