This document discusses electrical safety and the causes of electrical accidents. It notes that 15-16 people die every day in India due to electrocution. The major causes of electrical accidents are listed as carelessness, misuse, lack of training, and negligence. The document explains what causes electrical shock and the effects of electric current passing through the human body, such as muscular contraction, breathing difficulty, cardiac arrest, and death. It provides safety guidelines and regulations to prevent electrical accidents.

1. ELECTRICAL SAFETY
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2. ELECTRICAL SAFETY
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• Safety of operating person and neighbourhood
• Safety of major equipments / Protection
• Safety of electrical equipments, gadgets, lines,
cables, etc,.
• Safety of properties
• Protection against emergencies and Unexpected
happenings

3. Statistics of Electrical accident in India
And effects
• 15 -16 deaths / day due to electrocution
• 30 - 35 % of fires are of electrical origin
• 8% of fatal accidents in factories are due to electrocution
• Un-estimated loss of production
• Business interruption
• Loss of management time
• Legal costs
• Negative impact on company/ Organization's image.
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4. MAJOR CAUSES OF ELECTRICAL ACCIDENTS
 Carelessness
 Misuse
 Getting in a hurry
 Lack of interest
 Insufficient training
 Ignorance
 Fear
 Over confidence
 Sadness
 Anger
 Laziness
 Negligence
 Distractions
 Mischievous behavior 4TANGEDCO

5. WHAT CAUSES SHOCK?
Passage of Electric Current through the Body – 50 mA is
enough to cause ventricular fibrillation
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6. HUMAN BODY’s RESISTANCE TO ELECTRICITY
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Sl.
No.
Path for flow of electricity Voltage (Volts)
127 V 220 V > 220 V
Resistance value (In dry condition)
1 From Inner Palm of the
hand to Shoulder
2.5 K Ω 0.85 K Ω 0.65 K Ω
2 From Palm of the hand to
Leg Foot or From shoulder
to Leg Foot
2.8 K Ω 1.2 K Ω 0.8 K Ω
3 From Inner Palm of the
hand to other
3.4 K Ω 1.6 K Ω 1.2 K Ω
• Effect of 120 V DC is same as 42 V AC
• When the body is wet or humid, the above conditions will differ

7. DANGERS CAUSED BY FLOW OF ELECTRIC
CURRENT THROUGH HUMAN BODY
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Sl. No. Value of
current in mA
Effects
1 1 to 8 Not painful but perceptible
2 8 to 15 Pain full shock, Muscular control not lost, Individual can
let go the conductor
3 15 to 20 Pain full shock, Muscular control not lost, Individual
cannot let go the conductor
4 20 to 50 Severe muscular contraction, Breathing difficulty
5 50 to 100 Ventricular fibrillation, May result in electrocution and
death
6 > 100 mA Severe burns, immediate cardiac arrest and ceasing of
heart and immediate death
• Time of contact , I = 0.165 / t ,
• t = 0.03 to 3 sec for I = 40 to 50 mA will cause death

8. Fibrialliation
• Fibrillation is usually lethal because all of the
heart muscle fibres move independently
instead of in the coordinated pulses needed to
pump blood and maintain circulation
• A domestic power supply voltage (110 or 230
V), 50 or 60 Hz alternating current (AC) – 50
mA
• With direct current (DC), 300 to 500 mA is
required.
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9. Arc flash hazards
• The arc flash in an electrical fault produces the
same type of light radiation from which
electric welders
• The heat produced may cause
severe burns, especially on
unprotected flesh.
• The arc blast produced by vaporizing metallic
components can break bones and damage
internal organs.
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10. Electrical Burn
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15. Burn injury in electricity….
• After plastic surgery
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16. Reasons for accidents
•Unsafe acts
•Unsafe conditions
•Natural calamities
•Unexpected happenings
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17. Effects of accidents
1. To individuals
• Electrocution / Death
• Permanent Physical disability
2. To Management
• Loss of working days
• Delay in completion
• Compensation
• Job to legal heirs on compassionate grounds
• Legal disputes
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18. Remedies
1. Safety classes
2. Display of Safety slogans
3. Proper supervision
4. Execution of work as per instructions
5. Proper communication
6. Adopting Safety rules and regulations
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19. EEE for Safety
1. Engineering revision
2. Education
3. Enforcement
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20. Regulations on Safety
•CEA Safety Regulations, 2010
•Electricity Act, 2003
Setting up State Electricity Regulatory Commission (SERC)
has been made mandatory.
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21. Other safety aspects
• Use only electrical gadgets with ISI mark and carry out all electrical works by
certified electricians
•Inspect electrical wiring regularly and renew deteriorated wiring
•Do not go near or touch the electric poles, stay wires, fencing etc., during rainy
seasons
•Do not use electric poles as support to pandals or displaying advertisement Board
•Do not construct buildings near electric lines, consult the Electricity Board officials
before planning for the same
•Do not go near the fencing of electrical transformers/ substations for nature’s call
•Do not park lorries near transformer structure or electric line and carry out loading
and unloading of materials.
•Do not drive vehicles, carry ladders etc, which are of greater height beneath the
electric lines.
•While digging the ground for other works, care should be taken while working near
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22. Safety in Circuits
•ELCBs
• Rated for 30, 50, 100, 200, 300 mA
• Must for all circuits
• Should be connected to earth
• Another Energy Conservation technique by
restricting the leakage current in circuit
• Separate lighting and power circuits
• Protection aspects
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23. Touching snapped wire causing fatal
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25. Fencing protects against danger
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26. Crossing power line holding metal stick
vertically causing accident
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27. Operating the vehicle under power line
causing accident

28. Working under power line causing accident

29. Operating Earth Mover under power line
causing accident

30. Operating crane under power line
causing accident

31. Desilting tank and packing huge earth
under power line causing accident

32. Relaxing on lamp post or touching exposed
wire in lamp post causing accident

33. Boy urinating from top on power line
proved fatal

34. Handling iron / Aluminium rods on terrace
nearer to power line causing accident

35. Getting down from car is a chance of
electrocution if snapped wire is live
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36. Popular error: The rubber tires on a car protect
you from Lightning.
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37. Lightning makes work Hazardous
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38. “It's not voltage that kills, its current!"
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39. Stop working in thunder storm
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40. OVER VOLTAGE
Voltage spike
When the voltage in a circuit or part of it is raised
above its upper design limit, this is known
as overvoltage. The conditions may be hazardous.
Depending on its duration, the overvoltage event can
be transient, a voltage spike or permanent, leading to
a power surge.

41. OVER VOLTAGE
Three categories of overvoltage propagate on low
voltage networks:
• direct lightning strikes,
• indirect effects of lightning strikes,
• operating or switching overvoltages.

42. Lightning
• The over voltages come either from the
electricity network or from the earth.
• FACTS ABOUT LIGHTNING
– A strike can average 100 million volts of electricity
– Current of up to 100,000 amperes
– Can generate 54,000 OF
– Lightning strikes somewhere on the Earth every
second
– Kills hundreds of people every year

43. Lightning phenomenon
• Developmental stages of a lightning flash and
corresponding current surge

44. Effects of lightning
• Lightning strokes represent true danger to life,
structures, power systems, and communication
networks.
• Lightning is always a major source of damage to
power systems where equipment insulation may
break down, under the resulting overvoltage and
the subsequent high-energy discharge
• The main effect of lightning is electrical overvoltage
which exposes the electrical installations to a
serious risk of:
● malfunction,
● destruction of equipment,
● unavailability of machineries and equipments

45. Lightning Protection
1. Air terminal
2. Conductors or Earth wires
3. Ground termination
4. Surge protection

46. Lightning protection of Houses

47. CONNECT ONLY ONE APPLIANCE
TO ONE SOCKET
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48. Do not use 2 pin socket & plug
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49. NEVER KEEP WIRES UNDER CARPETS, MATS OR DOOR
WAYS WHERE THEY CAN GET CRUSHED & LOSE THEIR
INSULATION
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50. USE THE CORRECT SIZE AND QUALITY OF FUSE. A FUSE OF
HIGHER RATING WILL NOT BE SAFE AS IT ALLOWS
EXCESSIVE FLOW OF CURRENT WHICH WILL RESULT IN FIRE
OR SHOCK. BEFORE REPLACING A FUSE THE DEFECT IN THE
CIRCUIT OR EQUIPMENT MUST BE RECTIFIED
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51. KEEP WATER AWAY FROM ELECTRICAL FIXTURES. THE COMBINATION
OF WATER & ELECTRICITY IS A POTENTIAL SHOCK HAZARD
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52. Water leakage sometimes proves fatal
THE HINDU
SATURDAY,
DECEMBER 3, 2005
Kalaiyarasan (18) a
resident of Rajiv
Gandhi Nagar,
Maduravoil was
Electrocuted when
switching on light
in his house
Please note that Dec 2nd
is a heavy rainy day
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53. SEE THAT APPLIANCE CORDS ARE IN GOOD CONDITION.
USING BLACK ADHESIVE TAPE FOR JOINT IS NOT SAFE.
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54. NEVER PLACE BARE WIRE ENDS IN A SOCKET.
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55. Don’t use match stick in lieu of plug
Don’t let earth wire unconnected
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56. Burn injury due to tapping power supply for lighting from 3 phase
power switch
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57. Do not mount switches & provide plug points
at accessible position to children
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58. Broken switch cover kills guest
Ahhh! Shockk!
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59. USE GOOD QUALITY MATERIALS. BUY FROM REPUTED
SHOPS. DONOT BUY SECOND HAND GOODS
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61. Think before you act,
Because its
not cinema,
Its your life DCO
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62. SAVE
LIVES
POWER
MONEY
NATION
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63. Thankyou