Electrical safety is important as electricity can cause harm and death. Some key points: - About 5 workers are electrocuted every week and it causes 12% of young worker deaths. Only a small amount of electricity is needed to cause harm. - Electricity is the flow of energy from a power source through a conductor, often in a closed circuit. Basic terms include voltage, current, resistance, and conductors vs insulators. - Electrical injuries can include electrocution, shocks, burns and falls. Burns are a common injury. Internal injuries and involuntary muscle contractions are also risks. - Hazards include improper PPE, wet/damp conditions, defective tools and equipment, loose connections, overloaded

1. Electrical Safety

2. Electricity - The Dangers
About 5 workers are
electrocuted every week
Causes 12% of young
worker workplace deaths
Takes very little
electricity to cause harm
Significant risk of causing
fires

3. Electricity – How it Works
Electricity is the flow of
energy from one place to
another
Requires a source of power:
usually a generating station
A flow of electrons (current)
travels through a conductor
Travels in a closed circuit

4. BASIC ELECTRICAL TERMS
 What are the definitions of these terms?
 Electricity
 Current
 Voltage
 Resistance
 Amps
 Volts
 Ohms
 Direct current
 Alternating
current
 Conductor
 Insulator

5. Electrical Injuries
There are four main types of electrical injuries:
Direct:
Electrocution or death due to electrical shock
Electrical shock
Burns
• Indirect - Falls

6. RESISTANCE OF THE HUMAN BODY
TO DIFFERENT AMPERAGES
8 - 15 m.a. - Pain
15 - 20 m.a. - Pain, loss of muscular control
20 - 100 m.a. - intense pain and paralysis of
breathing muscles;
- possible suffocation.
100 - 200 m.a. - Ventricular fibrillation which
will cause death.
Over 200 m.a. from 220V household voltage
Defibrillator in use

7. Burns
Most common shock-related
injury
Occurs when you touch
electrical wiring or equipment
that is improperly used or
maintained
Typically occurs on hands
Very serious injury that
needs immediate attention

8. Electrical Burns
Entrance Wound
Exit Wound

9. Arc or Flash Burns Thermal Contact Burns

10. Internal Injuries

11. Involuntary Muscle Contraction

12. Current flows through the body from the entrance point,
until finally exiting where the body is closest to the ground.

14. AVOID THE FOLLOWING UNSAFE ACTS:
Worker’s attitude such as working without
appropriate PPEs.
Improper working method
Wearing of metal objects as watches,
necklaces & rings.
Working in wet and/or damp locations

15. AVOID THE FOLLOWING UNSAFE ACTS:

16. AVOID THE FOLLOWING UNSAFE ACTS:

17. AVOID THE FOLLOWING UNSAFE ACTS:
Failure to de-energize, lockout and tagout
hazards during maintenance, repair or
inspections of fuse box.
Use of defective and unsafe tools.
Use of tools or equipment too close to
energized parts.
Not draining off stored energy in capacitors.

18. Double Insulated Tool

19. AVOID THE FOLLOWING UNSAFE ACTS:
Using 3 wire cord with a 2 wire plug.
Remove and replace wrong fuse.
Not verifying power is off when making
repair.

20. UNSAFE EQUIPMENT
What equipment can cause electrical accidents:
Faults in facilities such as exposed
charged part of electrical machines and
equipment
Damaged insulation of electrical wirings
Short Circuit
Overloading
Improper grounding

21. HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENT
Flammable vapors, liquids
and gases
Combustible dusts
Corrosive atmosphere
Explosive environments

22. HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENT
Deteriorated cords, where the exterior insulation
has cracked, exposing the wires inside.
Cords and/ or plugs produced from substandard
materials.
Use of cords which have no appropriate current
(amp) rating for either the plug or the equipment.

23. HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENT
Use of extension cords for permanent
installations.
Equipment which has been incorrectly
wired, representing either a shock or fire
hazard.

24. ELECTRICAL HAZARDS TO WATCH OUT FOR
Loose electrical connections
Cord with frayed insulations
Plugs that do not match their outlets, e.g.,
3-prong male plug to 2-plug female outlet
Non-waterproof cords, plugs and outlets used
outdoors
Equipment running over capacity

25. ELECTRICAL HAZARDS TO WATCH OUT FOR
Tools that smell, smoke, spark or shock
Wires running across the floor
Electrical cords in contact with hot
appliances or soaked in water
Extension cords instead of permanent
wiring
Octopus connections

26. Electrical Plugs and Extension Cords

27. Electrical Plugs and Extension
Cords

28. MEASURES TO PREVENT ELECTRIC SHOCK
Use grounding system
Install GFCI
Isolation of electrical conductors
Vault & boxes
Warning signs
Safe Clearance
Elevation (at least 10 ft minimum) of
electrical cable specifically at construction
site
Minimum approach distance

29. PREVENTIVE MEASURE ON ELECTRIC SHOCK
Insulation
Use double-insulated royal cord for tools
Provide good insulation for appliances
Insure insulation between feet and moist
ground
Use appropriate PPE
Use Lock-Out and Tag-Out
JHA

30. GROUNDING
Particulars regarding details of conductors
sizes & nature of grounds can be obtained
from the provision of the Philippine Electrical
Code governing them
GROUNDING ROD SPECIFICATION
Steel Rod - 5/8” dia. & 8 ft long
Copper Clad Steel Rod - 1/2” dia. & 8 ft
long
Galvanized Pipe - 3/4” & 8 ft long
Resistance should not exceed 25 ohms

31. Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters
Portable Ground Fault
Circuit Interrupters
GFCI Panel Mounts

32. Preventing Electrical Hazards - PPE
Proper foot protection
(not tennis shoes)
Rubber insulating
gloves, hoods, sleeves,
matting, and blankets
Hard hat (insulated -
nonconductive)

33. SIMPLE RULES TO
FOLLOW
DO NOT GUESS
USE PROPER INSTRUMENTS
ALWAYS USE SAFETY DEVICES
LOCKING & TAGGING
PROCEDURE
NEVER WORK ALONE
USE DANGER SIGNS

34. THANK YOU ALL!