This document discusses educational technology, including its definitions, theories, and applications. It covers major learning theories like behaviorism, cognitivism, and constructivism. It also discusses different types of educational devices, audiovisual aids, instructional methods, and the integration of technology in teaching and learning. Key concepts covered include computer-assisted instruction, educational media, instructional design models, and the use of technologies like interactive whiteboards, digital videos, and online tools to enhance classroom instruction.

1. EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY
• Technology refers to material objects of use to humanity, such as
machines or hardware, but it can also encompass broader themes,
including systems, methods of organization, and techniques.
• Educational technology is human invention and/or discoveries that
satisfy educational needs and facilitate learning.
• The three main schools of thought or PHILOSOPHICAL FRAMEWORK
behind educational technology are Behaviorism, Cognitivism, and
Constructivism.
• BEHAVIORISM was the theoretical framework used by Ivan Pavlov,
Edward Thorndike, Edward C. Tolman, Clark L. Hull, BF Skinner and
othersto describe and experiment with human learning.
• BF Skinner’s contribution includes his extensive writing on
improvements of teaching based in his functional analysis of Verbal
Behavior and a system he called programmed instruction.
• Cognitive theories look beyond behaviors to explain brain-based
learning and consider how human memory work to promote
learning.
• Constructivism is a conceptual model of learning that refers to the
role of learning to help the individual live or adapt to his personal
world.
• Constructivism is defined as where the learner builds a personal
understanding through appropriate learning activities and a good
learning environment.
• Connectivism is a learning theory for the digital age where it
combines relevant elements of many learning theories, social
structures, and technology to create a powerful theoretical construct
for learning in the digital age.
• Audiovisual aids are defined as any device used to aid in the
communication of an idea.
• Device is any means other than the subject matter itself that is by
the teacher in presenting the subject matter to the learner.
• There are four CLASSIFICATIONS OF DEVICES, which are extrinsic,
intrinsic, material devices, and mental devices.
• Extrinsic devices are used to supplement a method used such as
picture, graph, filmstrips, slides, etc.
• Intrinsic devices are used as a part of the method or teaching
procedure such as pictures accompanying an article.
• Material devices are devices that have no bearing on the subject
matter such as black board, chalk, books, pencils, etc.
• Mental devices are a kind of device that is related in form and
meaning to the subject matter being presented such as questions,
projects, drills, lesson plans, etc.
• Nonprojected Audiovisual Aids are those that do not require the
use of audiovisual equipment such as a projector and screen, which
includes charts, graphs, maps, illustrations, photographs, brochures,
and handouts.
• Technology integration refers to using learning technologies to
introduce, reinforce, supplement and extend skills.
• Educational media are channels or avenues or instruments like books,
magazines, television, Internet, etc.
• Instructional technology are concerned with instruction as contrasted
to designs and operations of educational institutions.
• Technology in Education refers to the application of technology in
the operation of education institutions.
• Technology of Education deals with the active use of mass media
and computer science for the individual pupils’ learning process
under the teacher’s supervision.
• Instructional technology is a systematic way of designing, carrying
out, and evaluating the total process of learning and teaching in
terms of specific objectives.

2. • INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGY in the instructional process must be
geared to interactive and meaningful learning, the development of
creative and critical thinking, the development and nurturing of
teamwork and efficient and effective teaching.
• Constructivists perceive technology as a partner in the learning
process, for it makes the learner gather, think analyze, synthesize
information and construct meaning with what technology presents.
• Computer-mediated communication (CMC) is a paradigm in the
school system where the teacher and students interact through a
computer.
• Computer-Based Teaching/Computer-Based Learning means
individualized (self-study) learning.
• Computer-Aided Instructionis instructional techniques that vary
both instruction and time according to learner requirements.
• The PHASES OF A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO TEACHING may be
reduced to three, such as formulation of instructional objectives,
the process of instruction itself, and the assessment of learning,
which will once more lead to the formulation of instructional
objectives.
• Activities and technology for instruction must be appropriate to the
lesson objectives, the learners, and the nature of the lesson content.
• Edgar Dale’s research led to the development of the Cone of
Experience, which also became the basis of “learning-by-doing” and/
or “experiential learning” or “action learning”.
• Edgar Dale’s Cone of Experience theorized that learners retain more
information by what they do as opposed to what they heard, read,
or observed.
• Edgar Dale’s Cone of Experience gives primary importance on
psychomotor experience and is a model that incorporates several
theories related to instructional design and learning process.
• Dale’s Cone of Experience implies to use many instructional materials
to help the students conceptualize his experience, avoid teaching
directly at the symbolic level of thought without adequate
foundation of the concrete, and to strive to bring the students to
the symbolic or abstract level to develop their higher order thinking
skills.
• In Jerome Bruner’s knowledge representation, the learners are
taught through a sequence of actions, then through a series of
illustrations and through a series of symbols (enactive to iconic to
symbolic).
• Jerome Bruner’s knowledge representation in teaching is applied
when the learners are taught by beginning with the concrete, the
uses pictures followed by symbols.
• According to the Traditionalist’s point of view, the role of educational
technology in learning is that it servers as a presenter of knowledge,
just like teachers.
• The Contructivist’s view of the role of educational technology in
learning is that it engages learners in active, constructive,
intentional, authentic, and cooperative learners, servers as tools to
support knowledge construction, and is a social medium to support
learning by conversing.
• Contructivism is a framework of educational technology that
believes that the role of teachers is to become facilitator providing
guidance so that learns can construct their own knowledge.
• When teachers represent and stimulate meaningful real-world
problems, situations and context in teaching, they are using
technology as context to support learning-by-doing.
• Technology as tools to support knowledge construction is used when
learners produce organized, multimedia knowledge bases.
• Technology as intellectual partner to support learning by reflecting
is used when technology help learners to articulate and represent
what they know.
• Technology as information vehicles for exploring knowledge to
support learning-by-constructing is applied when technology is used

3. for accessing needed information.
• Technology as a social medium to support learning by conversing is
applied when a teacher encourages her students to work on their
assignments in groups using the social media network.
• Technology can be used as a tool for collaborating with others, and
for supporting discourse among knowledge-building communities.
• The most frequent reasons given for USING TECHNOLOGY FOR
TEACHING AND LEARNING are to improve access to education and
training, to improve the quality of learning, to reduce the cost of
education, and to improve the cost effectiveness of education.
• Integrating technologywith teaching means the use of learning
technologies to introduce, reinforce, supplement, and extend skills.
• A teacher using Power Point presentation with inserted video clips
in teaching manifests technology integration in teaching and
learning.
• The three LEVELS OF INTEGRATION are Simple/Basic
Integration,Middle Level Integration, and High Level Integration.
• Simple/Basic Integration is employed in teaching-learning process
when there is no substantial change in the teaching-learning process
from previous method.
• Middle Level Integration is when there is purposeful use of
technology to support key learning areas.
• High Level Integration is where technology is the central
instructional tool.
• The different CONCEPTUAL MODELS OF LEARNING are Meaningful
Learning, Discovery Learning, Generative Learning, and
Constructivism.
• Meaningful Learning is a conceptual model of learning created by
the application of educational technology that enables students to
willingly perform class work to find educational technology that
enables students to willingly perform class work to find connections
between what they already known and what they can learn.
• Discovery Learning is where new ideas and new decisions are
generated in the learning process, regardless of the need to move
on and depart from organized activities.
• Generative Learning is where learnerscreate a personal model or
explanation to the new experiences on the context of existing
knowledge.
• Constructivism is where learning consists of what a person can
actively assemble for himself and not what can receive passively.
• According to Lucido, the computer as a tutor does not replace the
teacher but assumes previous roles assigned to them.
• Some examples of COMPUTER-ASSISTED INSTRUCTIONS (CAI) are
simulation programs, instructional games, problem solving software,
and multimedia encyclopedia and electronic books.
• Mass mediais referred to as vehicles or various ways of information
and communication.
• Drawing may not be the real thing, but having a concrete visual aid
that correctly represents the real thing is a helpful aid.
• Diagrams are any line drawing that shows arrangements and relation
as of parts to the whole, relative values, origins and development,
chronological functions, distribution, etc.
• The different TYPES OF DIAGRAMS are Affinity Diagrams, Tree
Diagram, and Fishbone Diagram.
• Affinity Diagrams are used to cluster complex, unrelated data into
natural and meaningful groups.
• Tree Diagram are used to chart out, in increasing detail, the various
tasks that must be accomplished to complete a projects or
achieve a specific objective.
• Fishbone Diagram, also called “cause-and-effect” diagram, is a
structured form of brainstorming that graphically shows the

4. relationship of possible cause and sub-causes directly related to
and identifies effect/problems that is commonly used to analyze
work-related problems.
• Strip drawings are commonly called comics or comic strips that can
be used by teachers who wants to teach patterns of dialogues among
characters in a story.
• Charts are a diagrammatic representation of relationships among
individuals within an organization.
• The different TYPES OF CHARTS are Time chart,Tree or stream
chart,Flow chart,Organizational chart,Comparison and contrast
chart,Pareto chart, and Gantt chart.
• Time chart is a tabular time chart the present data in ordinal
sequence.
• Tree or stream chart depicts development, growth and changes by
beginning with a single course (trunk), which spreads out into may
branches or by beginning with the many tributaries, which then
converge into a single channel.
• A flow chart is a kind of chart that can be used to show and/or analyze
a process from beginning to end.
• Organizational Chart shows how one part of the organization relates
to the other parts.
• Comparison and contrast chart are used to show similarities and
differences between two things.
• Pareto chart is a type of bar chart, prioritized in descending order of
magnitude or importance from left to right, which shows at a glance
the factors that are occurring most.
• Gantt chart is an activity time chart.
• The different TYPES OF GRAPHS are Circle or Pie graph,Bar
graph,Pictorial graph, and Graphic Organizer.
• Pie graph is a symbol recommended to represent parts of a whole.
• Bar graph is used in comparing the magnitude of similar items at
different entities or seeing relative sizes of the parts of a whole.
• Bar graph is a type of graph that illustrates a particular data series
through rectangles.
• Pictorial graph makes use of picture symbols.
• Maps are a representation of the surface of the earth or some part
of it, according to Dale.
• The different TYPES OF MAPS are Physical Map,Relief
map,Commercial or economic map, and Political Map.
• Physical map combines in a single projection data like altitude,
temperature, rainfall, precipitation, vegetation, and soil.
• Relief map has three-dimensional representations and shows
contours of the physical data of the earth or part of the earth.
• Commercial or economic map also called product or industrial map
since it shows land areas in relation to the economy.
• Political map gives detailed information about country, provinces,
cities and towns, roads and highways, where oceans, rivers, and
lakes are the main features.
• Virtual field trips are a way that can use for students to visit art
museums that they may not have access to otherwise.
• Social action projects are a kind of Internet-based project that has
kids creating solutions to local, regional, national, and international
problems.
• Telementoring is pairing a student with a space scientist so the
student can get first-hand information on recent developments.
• Keypals projects are a way to get kids communicating with their
peers to improve communication skills and exchange information.
• Never use copyrighted items unless the source is credited is a rule

5. that can help teachers make sure they are complying with copyright
laws when they use materials from Internet sites.
• WWW stands for World Wide Web, which is an interconnected
system of electronic pages containing almost everything.
• Skype is a face-to-face communication that is made possible through
a computer.
• E-Mail is an electronic mail sent via the internet through a computer.
• Google is an internet search engine.
• Software is the term used to refer to a computer program.
• Chat room is a location in the internet set-up were a teacher and a
student can converse in real time by typing their message to each other
• A browseris a software package that allows one to look at information
on the internet in graphic rather than just text format.
• E-mail address is a series of symbols or letters that act as an address
for a site on the internet.
• Avatar is a 3-D image that a person can choose to represent himself
in virtual reality.
• A three-dimensional (3D) image presentation reproduced from a
pattern of interference is a Hologram.
• GPS (Global Positioning System) is an instrument that uses a satellite
to pinpoint and exact location. GUI (Graphic User Interface) is a
software that displays option to user in graphic format consisting of
menus and icons.
• Audio-visual is a material with combined sounds and pictures or
sounds and video.
• A file format that can be used by a student or a teacher if they want
to store or send video sequences on a network is
MPEG (Motion Picture Experts Group).
• JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) is a file format for storing
and sending graphic images on a network.
• HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is the primary programming
language used to develop web pages.
• An HTML is used to either create new web pages or modify existing
ones.
• To make the presentation readable, a match image should be
selected or inserted in a slide or page.
• Content like text and images on a slide or page must be coherent to
make them meaningful and readable.
• PDF (Portable Document Format) is a file format invented by Adobe
systems to save documents in smaller file size and retains the original
look of the original layout, fonts, and other graphic elements.
• PDF is usually the format of documents downloaded such as an
application form, to make it easer to transfer with its original format
and appearance.
• The BMP (bitmap) format is a commonly used graphic format for
saving files.
• Students perform tasks to uncover what is to be learned in Discovery
Learning.
• Multimedia is defined as an audiovisual package that includes more
than one instructional media such as text, graphics, audio, animation,
and video clip.
• Hypermedia is a multimedia packaged as educational computer
software where information is presented and student
activities are integrated in a virtual learning environment.
• HYPERMEDIAapplication is characterized as learner-controlled, and
learner has a wide range of navigation routes.
• Learner-controlled means the learner make his own decisions on
the path, flow, or events of instruction.

6. • Aproductivity tool is technology as evidenced by its use in word
processing, database, spreadsheets, graphics design and desktop
publishing.
• The DIFFERENT TECHNOLOGIES that are used in the classroom are
computers, visual aids, digital cameras, video cameras, interactive
whiteboard tools, and LCD projectors.
• Computers can be used by teachers to demonstrate a new lesson,
present new material, illustrate how to use new programs, and show
new websites.
• Class Website is a way where teachers can post homework, student
work, famous quotes, trivia games, and so much more.
• Class blogs allow for students to maintain a running dialogue, like a
journal, of thoughts, ideas, and assignments that also provide for
student comment and reiterative reflection.
• Wireless classroommicrophones enable students to hear their
teachers clearer.
• Chalkboards, bulletin boards and other traditional learning
equipment are examples of educational technology.
• Mobile devices can be used to enhance the experience in the
classroom by increasing the possibility of feedback for professors.
• Interactive whiteboards provides touch control of computer
application that enhances the experience in the classroom through
visual learning and interactive activities such as drawing, writing, or
manipulating images in the computer.
• Digital video-on-demandare replacement of hard copy videos (DVD,
VHS, etc.) with digital video accessed from a central server, which
allows the teachers and students to access video clips immediately.
• Online media are streamed video websites that enhances a
classroom lesson.
• Online study tools are tools that motivate studying by making
studying individualized for the students.
• Digital gamesare provided as tools for the classroom that provides
the students with higher motivation.
• Podcasts enables teachers to reach a student and can help sharpen
students’ vocabulary, writing, editing, public speaking, and
presentation skills.
PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION – 150 Items
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:
1. This test booklet contains 150 test questions. Examinees shall manage to
use the 3 hours.
2. Read INSTRUCTIONS TO EXAMINEES printed on your answer sheet.
3. Shade only one (1) box foe each question on you answer sheets. Two or
more boxes shaded will invalidate your answer.
4. AVOID ERASURES.
INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Detach one (1) answer sheet from the bottom of your Examinee ID/Answer
Sheet; Set
2. Write the subject title “PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION” on the box provided.
3. Shade Set Box “A” on your answer sheet if your test booklet is Set A; Set Box
“B” if your
test booklet is Set B.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What philosophical belief describes the Schools should develop political
literacy among students so they can use to improve quality of life?
A. Perennialism B. Progressivism
C. Existentialism D. Essentialism
2. What kind of knowledge process is involved when Teacher JC asked his
students to reflect on themselves as self-learning?
A. Deduction C. Metacogniton
B. Observation D. Induction

7. 3. After the 1987 Constitution, what is the first legal basis that makes
teaching a profession and considers teachers as professionals?
A. R.A 7640 C. P.D 1006
B. R.A 7836 D. Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers
4. Why is the teacher’s authority important in managing the classroom?
A. To motivate the students to internalize self-discipline
B. To sow fear of the teachers to make students focus on classroom
learning
C. To make the students obey all the orders of the teachers
D. To coerce the students to behave properly
5. The Professional role of Teachers is not “the sage on the stage” but “the
guide from the side”. This implies that the __________________________.
A. teachers must act more as facilitators of learning
B. teachers must cling to their power to improve roles
C. teachers assess on their roles as lecturer
D. teachers must project as “Almighty-omniscient” image
6. Which is NOT an evidence of pedagogical of a teacher?
A. Communication of the course objectives to the students
B. Adhering to the Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers
C. Awareness of alternative instructional strategies
D. Selection of appropriate methods of instructions
7. Setting of learning objectives adopts certain characteristics under the
acronym of SMART. Identify the kind of objectives set by SMART teachers.
The A in SMART is _______________.
A. Active C. Attainable
B. Achievement D. Advisable
8. SMART. Identify the kind of objective set by SMART teachers:
The T in SMART is __________.
A. True C. Time-bound
B. Traditional D. Tabulated by objectives
9. Teacher Mac recognizes the fact that learners have strong sensual
feelings, and so she explores the learner’s ________________.
A. Pleasure Values C. Spiritual Values
B. Values of the Holy D. Vital Values
10. The highest level in the life of professional teacher as given in the PPST
is _____.
A. Model C. Most Proficient
B. Distinguished D. Highly Proficient
16. Which is/are TRUE of a professional?
A. Completed college/university degree
B. Required of NC IV from TESDA
C. Demonstrate solely ethical competence
D. Abides by his personal Code of Ethics
17. What principle was not being applied when teacher Rita made no
introductory orientation of lessons in the curriculum agenda?
A. Giving a pre-test and post-test for lessons.
B. Preparing students to be quiet
C. Preparing instructional tools
D. Connecting present to previous lessons
18. Which of the following topics are appropriate for inviting a barangay
chairman to share ideas with students and teachers in a school?
A. Tips on health and nutritional care
B. Organizing a school sports tournament
C. Managing the basic needs of a community
D. Climate change and its responsibilities
19. The philosopher said “Man is an unfinished project.” What does this
means?
A. Every human person is on the process of becoming a better
person
B. Every person is expected to spend enormous reason for his/her
progress.
C. Every person should work on the improvement of someone else.
D. Every person’s life has an end.
20. Teacher Ara relates lesson to experiences and social environment of
her learners. What principle of learning is achieved by Teacher Ara?

8. A. Learning begins with clear expectations.
B. Learning is a discovery of personal meaning.
C. Learning is a cooperative process.
D. Learning is an active process.
21. Teacher Sony makes effort for students to discover personal values
applicable for life in her lessons. What domain of learning is served in this
instance?
A. Skills learning C. Metacognitive learning
B. Cognitive learning D. Affective learning
22. Teacher Liza is ________ as she avoids out-of-context facts recall, but
introduces situations for learners to think-feel and do, such as making
picture folders, team-building on projects, etc.
A. Progressivist C. Constructivist
B. Naturalist D. Posivist
23. In her Arithmetic class, teacher Bambie makes her students use
numbers for various real-life tasks like buying things in the store, comparing
distances of planets, budgeting a party, etc. What is this teaching-learning
practice?
A. Reconstructive C. Collaborative
B. Inter-disciplinary D. Constructive
24. Mrs. Hernandez is evaluating a website for her Literature class. She is
making sure that factual pieces of information found on the site are well
documented and pictures and diagrams are properly labeled. She is also
checking that there are no misspelled words or grammar errors. Which
criterion is she focusing on?
A. Accuracy C. Clarity
B. Appropriateness D. Motivation
25. If you want to determine if the education student truly value teaching
profession, which of the following queries should you ask?
A. Is the teaching profession a noble profession?
B. Are you happy on your choice?
C. Will you convince others to enroll in the teacher education course?
D. What good do you get if you become a teacher?
26. Why is empirical science inductive?
A. It starts from observable evidences building p to a universal
explanation or theory.
B. It is drawn from universal laws of the mind
C. It combines universal laws and principles
D. It starts from universal principles to concrete facts or knowledge
27. From Bloom’s taxonomy of cognitive processing, at what level is teacher
Sha’s asking her students to formulate their personal philosophy of
education?
A. Creating C. Analyzing
B. Evaluating D. Assessing
28. For those who successfully pass the Licensure Examination for teachers
the ____signed by the chairman of the RC serve as evidence for lawful
practice profession
A. Professional License C. Merit examination certificate
B. Professional oath Copy D. Professional registration fee
receipt
29. What type of education is giving emphasis on learning by doing,
experiential learning, etc.?
A. Ancient education C. Traditional education
B. Alternative education D. Progressive education
30. A Grade 7 Social Studies teacher gave a project where her class in
Manila will work together with other Grade 7 classes in their school
campuses in Visayas and Mindanao. They will create posters and a video
clip to communicate a message about peace. They will use social media to
spread their peace campaign. This project involves technology integration
which is ______________.
A. adaptation-collaborative C. adoption-constructive
B. entry-active D. transformation-constructive
31. Why is CPD necessary for professional teachers?
I. To continuously improve their professional and personal competence
II. To be at par with other professionals
III. To abide by the CPD Act of 2016
A. I, II and III C. I and III
B. II and III D. III only

9. 32. Miss Ramirez is evaluating an early literacy app for her class. She is
making sure that the app is uncluttered in appearance, is arranged in some
order of difficulty, and that icons represent what they were intended to
represent. Which criterion is she focusing on?
A. Organization C. Motivation
B. Accuracy D. Appropriateness
33. On which theory is the logical sequencing of curriculum based?
A. Progressivism C. Essentialism
B. Perennialism D. Reconstructionism
34. Miss Navarro is evaluating an app for her Grade 8 Science class. She is
finding out whether the app taps the skills found in the Grade 8 standards to
ensure that this app will be helpful in meeting her objectives. She wants to
make sure it is not too easy nor too difficult for her students. Which criterion
is she focusing on?
A. Appropriateness C. Accuracy
B. Organization D. Currency
35. How students learn may be more important than what they learn. From
this principle, which of the following is particularly important?
A. Knowing how to solve a problem
B. Determining the givens
C. Solving a problem within time allotted
D. Getting the right answer to a word problem
36. One philosopher considers education as the acquisition of the art of the
utilization of knowledge. This implies that __________________.
A. a learner’s interest in art is comfortable
B. a learner’s acquisition of information is not important
C. a learner’s application of what she has learned is necessary
D. a learner’s acquisition of information is sufficient
37. With Republic Act 7836 the licensure examination for teachers is
with_______.
A. Department of Education, Culture and Arts
B. Professional Regulation Commission
C. Commission on Higher Education
D. Civil Service Examination
38. Is it professional for a teacher to receive gifts from students and
parents?
A. Not at all
B. No especially if done in exchange for requested concessions
C. Yes, if deserved
D. Yes, in-season and out-season gifts
39. From broad vantage view of human development, who has the primary
duty to educate the youths or children?
A. Teachers C. The state
B. Parent D. The schools
40. Buber’s “social principle” refers to all of the following EXCEPT:
A. treating, using the other as a means to an end
B. intersubjective, interpersonal, “we” relation
C. a life dialogue of the members of society
D. responding to other’s need as a means to an end
41. To advance a common mission, every school should provide a vision
supported by _____________.
A. cultural identity C. core values
B. achieved prestige D. institution’s history
42. You are required to formulate your own philosophy of education in the
course, The Teaching Profession. Based on Bloom’s revised taxonomy, in
which level of cognitive processing are you?
A. Applying C. Analyzing
B. Creating D. Evaluating
43. For brainstorming to be effective, which should be OUT?
A. Openness to ideas C. Making use of other’s
ideas shared
B. Teacher’s judgmental attitude D. Non-threatening
atmosphere
44. Among thinking skills, Tolerance means ability _____________.
A. to maintain distinctions among structures
B. to integrate complex information
C. to place information into categories

10. D. to deal with the unclear information without frustration
45. What is the core of the classroom setting in every school?
A. Instruction C. Curriculum
B. Syllabus D. Research
46. Which is an example of social and cross-cultural skills?
A. Obtaining information using digital technologies
B. Using problem solving techniques in influencing and guiding
others towards a goal
C. knowing when it is appropriate to listen and to speak when
interacting with others
D. All of them
47. Among the major schools of learning theories, which see learning in
terms of changing what we do?
A. Behavioral theories C. Field and Gestalt theories
B. Cognitive theories D. Social theories
48. The following are non-verbal praises that can accentuate the positive in
class for effective classroom management EXCEPT one:
A. shaking head C. thumbs-up signal
B. winking D. raising of eyebrows
49. In a curriculum development class, the teacher asked the students to
give an enriched definition of the curriculum. Which among the following
encompasses the true essence of the term?
A. Curriculum is the sum total of all learning experiences in the
teaching-learning process.
B. Curriculum is a list of subjects to take to complete a course.
C. Curriculum is a list of courses in order to graduate.
D. Curriculum is a never ending process in education.
50. What applies to meta-cognitive thinking skills in learning?
A. Problem-solving C. Emphasis on
independent learning
B. Monitoring own comprehension D. Factual and concrete
thinking
51. Which of the following construct is NOT at the level of Critical Thinking?
A. grouping and classifying C. associating and grasping
principles
B. preferring and evaluating D. guessing and believing
52. What comprise computer competency?
A. Spending days and nights on computer games and downloading
internet materials
B. Use of the computer for particular use, e.g. emailing
C. General knowledge and experience in using computers
D. Knowledge of the use and how to program computers, e.g.
blogging
53. Teacher Joanna used photographs to depict social problems such as
war, pollution and poverty. What is the principal benefit for the use of this
instructional aid?
A. Expand interest C. Emotional impact
B. Provide experience of the problem D. Encourage participation
54. Among critical thinking skills is _____________.
A. opinionating C. believing
B. guessing D. estimating
55. Which of the following processes usually comes first in developing
curriculum?
A. Identifying learning goals and objectives
B. Selection of educational content
C. Evaluating educational experiences
D. Organization of learning experiences
56. In order to most effectively teach students the way to use election rights
fully, what stimulation situation can teacher Jojo adopt?
A. Make students devise political posters
B. Invite politicians to speak in school
C. Involve students to enact a campaign and election
D. Assign students to clip political news
57. What comprise computer literacy?
A. Knowledge on the use and how to program computers, e.g.
blogging
B. Use of the computer for particular use, e.g. emailing
C. General knowledge and experience in using computers

11. D. Spending days or nights on games and downloading internet
materials
58. Republic Act 8525 is commonly known as the
A. Local Government Code
B. TESDA Law
C. Brigada Eskwela Law
D. Philippine Teachers Professionalization Ac of 1994
59. How do you judge the teaching style of a teacher who facilitates
development of students through dialogue and questioning?
A. Inspiratory C. Explanatory
B. Programmatic D. Interactive
60. What can schools implement in order to alleviate sole use of textbooks
as instructional material causing to their poor preparation in subject matter?
A. Attitude learning on professionalism
B. Discussion dialogue on subject content
C. Training in preparing new materials
D. Lecture on change in school organization
61. For her Arts class, teacher Alice joined students on a trip to Angono,
Rizal to visit and interview artists famous for their landscape paintings. What
transfer of learning prevailed in the instance?
A. Inquiry-related C. Concept-related
B. Learner-related D. Utilization-related
62. What is a question to clarify and challenge an issue/problem during the
process of critical thinking?
A. When did this happen? C. Where did the problem
arise?
B. What is the issue for discussion? D. What is the main point?
63. Which among the following is NOT a thinking and problem-solving skill?
A. Intellectual curiosity C. creativity
B. critical thinking D. Productivity and
accountability
64. Which teaching practice gives primary consideration to individual
differences?
A. Applying two sets of different standards
B. Preparing two different sets of examination, one for the fast
learners and another for the slow learners
C. Allowing children to show that they learned the stages of mitosis in
a way where they feel most comfortable.
D. Allowing children to show that they learned the stages of mitosis in
a way where they feel most comfortable except by lecturing
65. If teaching is considered as your mission, which applies/apply?
I. You will be faithful to teaching no matter what
II. You will teach for recognition of efforts
III. You will be faithful to your mission and you want to succeed.
A. I and II C. II and III
B. I, II and III D. I and II
66. Curriculum may be defined in many ways. What does this prove?
A. The concept of curriculum may be defined from different
perspectives.
B. The concept of curriculum is based on those given by experts.
C. The concept is limited and narrow in scope.
D. The curriculum is characterized as fragmentary, elusive and
confusing.
67. What is teaching-learning implication of student diversity?
A. Develop different standards for different student groups
B. Compare students.
C. Do homogeneous group for grouping activities.
D. Make use of a variety of teaching and assessment methods and
activities.
68. Henry Adams said, “A teacher affects eternity; no one knows where his
influence
stops”. What does this quotation imply?
A. Teaching is eternity; there is no end to it for as long as there are
children.
B. A teacher is so powerful that he cannot help but influence
learners.
C. A teacher lives long because he enjoys influencing his students.

12. D. A teacher has power to influence generations.
69. Among important characteristics for successful teaching, which
connotes fairness,
impartiality, open-mindedness, freedom from prejudice, and sense of
evidence?
A. Buoyancy C. Objectivity
B. Considerateness D. Emotional stability
70. Which teacher’s personal trait is demonstrated if he is gender-sensitive
and inclusive in his ways?
A. Motivation C. Sense of Humor
B. Passion D. Fairness
71. Learners are more likely to internalize and follow classroom rules when
________
A. The teacher gives additional points for those who follow the rules
B. The learners participate in the rule-making process
C. The teacher clearly explains the rules she prepared
D. The learners know the punishments for not following the rules
72. In providing valid learning experiences, the primary factor to consider is
_______
A. Objectives and aims of the lesson
B. The nature of the learners
C. Competence of the teachers
D. Material resources
73. Based on the elements of a profession, can the taxi driver be
considered a professional?
A. Yes, because there is such a term professional driver.
B. It depends on the technical and ethical competence of the taxi
driver.
C. Yes, if the taxi driver is competent and honest
D. No, because driving is not a college/university degree
74. How do you judge the teaching style of a teacher who provides
feedback to students, analyzing their work and diagnosing errors?
A. Inspiratory C. Explanatory
B. Programmatic D. Interactive
75. Teacher Lil avoids drills out of context. She gives real-world Math
problems for students to drill on, Teacher Lil is very much convinced of
which principle of learning?
A. Effective learning begins with setting clear expectations and
learning outcomes,
B. Learning is an active process.
C. Learning is the discovery of the personal meaning of ideas.
D. Learning is a cooperative and a collaborative process.
76. In this FS Course, FS students are required to observe, analyze and
reflect on actual class preceding’s with description of the pedagogical
approach of K to 12 as cited in the K 12 Law is observed in the conduct of
FS course.
A. Developmentally appropriate
B. Reflective
C. Inclusive
D. Inquiry-based
77. Good teaching goes beyond recall of information. So what must teacher
do?
A. Use multisensory aids to teaching.
B. Make students connect facts learned to form concepts and
abstractions.
C. Teach for test purpose only. Teach to the test.
D. Teach as many facts as you can.
78. All are responsibilities of the Learning Resource/Audio-
Visual/Educational Technology center of a school EXECPT_____.
A. conduct training for the teachers on how to use technology tools
B. make available technology equipment for use of teachers and
students
C. work with teachers in producing instructional materials
D. accomplish the students’ technology project for them
79. Teacher Bing encourage her students to make the intended learning
outcomes their own and explained that she expected them to monitor now
and then their own progress toward the intended learning outcome and act
accordingly. In which level of processing will Teacher Bin’s students act?
A. Self-system
B. Metacognitive system

13. C. Cognitive
D. Between cognitive and metacognitive system
80. The more senses that are involved, the more and the better the
learning. Which practice is aligned with this principle?
A. Invite parents as resource speakers in class.
B. Bring students to field trips with consent of school and parents.
C. Employ cooperative learning.
D. Teaching using mostly verbal symbol.
81. Which is the primary characteristic of a subject-centered design model
of curriculum?
A. Interdisciplinary C. Correlated
B. Multidisciplinary D. Interrelated
82. This is my questioning behavior: I ask the question; I pause for a while
then call on a student. Which is this questioning practice?
A. Asking non-directed question
B. Asking for non-volunteers
C. Involving as many as possible
D. Directing a question
83. Emotion has the power to increase retention and learning. To apply this
principle, teacher must______.
A. spice class with his/her sense of humor
B. make course difficult for students to remember and learn
C. touch students’ emotion when he/she teaches
D. be emotional when he/she teaches
84. What does Article XIII of Code of ethics include as the basis for
evaluating students other than quality of academic performance?
A. Extra-curricular activities C. Merit
B. Attendance D. Conduct
85. All these questions should be answered by curriculum
EXCEPT________.
A. What subject are important?
B. Who will benefit from a well-design learning experience?
C. What outcomes should be achieved?
D. what qualifications should teachers have?
86. What philosophical belief describes the schools must encourage
students to memorize basic facts about people and events that shaped
history?
A. Idealist B. Progressivism
C. Pragmatism D. Essentialism
87. What philosophical belief describes the primary function of the school is
to provide students options and choices to decide for themselves
A. Idealist B. Progressivism
C. Existentialism D. Essentialism
88. Miss Coronel is evaluating an app for her Grade 8 Science class. She is
finding out whether the app taps the skills found in the Grade 8 standards to
ensure that this app will be helpful in meeting her objectives. She wants to
make sure it is not too easy to no too difficult for her students. Which
criterion is she focusing on?
A. Appropriateness C. Organization
B. Currency D. Accuracy
89. Miss Lim started off her lesson plan with the outcomes she expects her
students to achieve at the end of the lesson, this curriculum approach
is_______.
I. curriculum as a body of knowledge
II. curriculum as a process
III. curriculum as a product
A. II only C. I only
B. I, II, III D. III only
90. These foundation show the chronological development of curriculum
mostly shown using a timeline
A. Historical Foundations C. Legal foundations
B. Philosophical Foundations D. Psychological Foundations
91. In Bandura’s Theory, the teacher which can be observed in school is a?
A. Substitute Model C. Virtual Model
B. Symbolic Model D. Live model
92. This is a tool of assessment for spatially intelligence learners
A. Written reports

14. B. Oral demonstration enacting movie scene
C. Written inner thoughts
D. Landscaping drawing
93. The idea of revisiting and elaborating to the level of full understanding is
achieve through the
A. Enrichment curriculum
B. Advanced Organizers
C. Concept mapping
D. Spiral curriculum
94. When teachers conduct a series of evaluation to determine the extent of
teaching, what must be implemented?
A. Hidden Curriculum C. Learned Curriculum
B. Taught Curriculum D. Assessed Curriculum
95. The class was taught how to conduct an action research and was
required an end-of-the-term written research report. The class was taught
how to do the research report and was shown an Analytic Scoring Rubric for
them to know how they will have graded. The class took the Scoring Rubric
as guide in the making of their research report. They were all motivated to
pass an excellent research report and as a group checked now and then if
they were true to the qualities of an excellent research report as seen in the
scoring rubric. What form of assessment is described?
A. Assessment FOR Learning
B. Assessment FOR and AS Learning
C. Assessment AS Learning
D. Assessment OF Learning
96. The following are the roles of the stakeholders in curriculum
development except ___________.
I. help in formulating the appropriate learning experience
II. create an environment that allows for a child’s holistic development
III. participate in the implementation of the curriculum
IV. all are roles of the stakeholders
A. III only C. I only
B. II only D.I, II and III
97. Jane, a freshman student, was asked by Professor Subida to describe
educator accurately. Which of the following statements with Karla most
likely to choose?
A. A process of individual growth and social development.
B. Acquired basically through the teacher.
C. Synonymous to formal schooling.
D. Growth resulting from academic study.
98. All are important in evaluating the curriculum EXCEPT:
A. To constantly keep up with the changing times.
B. To answer to the changing needs of the learners.
C. To identify which parts and aspects of the implement curriculum needs to
be improved, modified or changed.
D. To be able to boast of a new and improved curriculum every time.
99. When do we need to evaluate the curriculum?
A. When somebody suggests it
B. Whenever necessary
C. Every academic year
D. Every quarter
100. The principle that learning is “an active process” means_______.
A. the learner’s own involvement is needed
B. the teacher’s involvement is always necessary
C. both teachers and students need to engage in activities
D. the classroom is the place for learning activities
101. In the 4 A’s approach to facilitating learning, Abstraction denotes
____________.
A. Specific Ideas
B. Concrete Ideas
C. General Ideas
D. Practical Ideas
102. Which one helps produce an environment conducive for learning?
A. Long Assignments
B. Cooperative Learning
C. Individual Competition
D. Excessive praise

15. 103. Thinking skills that are metacognitive rotate to ____.
A. Analytical thinking of parts of information
B. reflective thinking on the “how” of one’s learning
C. profound thinking of “what” “who” and “where”
D. direct thinking of the “what” about facts and figures
104. The teacher as facilitator adds vigor, right and life in the classroom by
his/ her ______________.
A. Patience C. Uniform
B. Presence D. Composure
105. Formal schooling corrects our ideas and experiences through what is
accepted as true and acceptable and for Piaget this is the process of
______________.
A. schematization C. accommodation
B. equilibrium D. assimilation
106. Teacher Cho wanted his students to rate their own work using the
scoring rubric which he explained to the class before the students begin
with their task. Based on revised Bloom’s Taxonomy, in which level of
cognitive processing are the students?
A. Evaluating C. Applying
B. Synthesizing D. Analyzing
107. According to Piaget’s basic cognitive concepts, what is the earliest
meaning structures we form during the infancy and early years e.g. idea of a
dog or cat?
A. Accommodation C. Schema
B. Assimilation D. Equilibrium
108. People today think much about Climate Change and the need to
protect life on the planet. More than in past centuries mankind today has
high aptitude for ____________ thinking.
A. conservation C. decentering
B. abstract D. reversible
109. The subject matter is the ASEAN Qualification Framework (AQRF).
The Asian History teacher teams up with the Economics teacher, the
Professional Education teacher for a thorough discussion of AQRF from the
perspective of other disciplines. Which describes the Asian History
teacher’s pedagogical approach?
A. Integrated
B. Reflective
C. Constructivist
D. Inquiry-based
110. Along Erikson’s psychosocial theory, which states industry?
A. I get pleasure in my doing things
B. I avoid the difficult to succeed
C. I am embarrassed at what I do
D. I don’t know what I want to in life
111. Only licensed teachers are hired in the public school. This is an
evidenced of teaching as a
A. Profession
B. Mission
C. Vocation
D. Calling
112. Along Piaget’s principles, this is opportunity for young earners to
experience the world in order to have a foundation for language and
learning in their early schooling
A. take field trip
B. discuss what they see on television
C. use words to describe what is seen, touched, heard, etc.
D. rewards students who are models for the rest of the class
113. Along Piaget’s principles, ________ is NOT appropriate for Social
Studies learning at the level of cognitive ability of adolescent learners.
A. essay writing on a social issue
B. use of drawing and illustrations
C. discussion on varied issues that divided the country then.
D. consideration
114. Along Erikson’s psychosocial theory which states intimacy?
A. I like to be alone and quiet by myself
B. I keep private thoughts to myself
C. I feel that no man is an island
D. I want to be free and uncommitted

16. 115. Pavlov’s behaviorist classical conditioning applies to school learning by
way of stimulus and response in the following situations, but NOT in
_________.
A. engaging students in discussion
B. announcing dean’s listers
C. posting honor roll in bulletin boards
D giving rewards for school achievement
116. Skinner’s ________ which states that change in overt behavior like
events can result in learning and this can occur in school as well as
A. Shaping of behavior
B. Operant Conditioning
C. Behavioral Chaining
D. Reinforcement Schedules
117. In Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory of development the following
contribute to the learners’ social environment with __________ opening the
door for learners to acquire knowledge.
A. lessons ` C. activities
B. classroom D. language
118. Learning is an active process. Which one is an application of this
principle?
A. let students learn the steps in opening a computer by making them
follow the
steps
B. group students for work or project that way project becomes less
expensive.
C. teach your content from a multidisciplinary perspective
D. avoid drills which are out of context
119. Good teaching goes beyond recall of information. So what must
teacher do?
A. Make students connect facts learned to form concepts and
abstractions.
B. Use multisensory aids to teaching.
C. Teach as many facts as you can.
D. Teach for test purpose only. Teach to the Test.
120. Teacher Flora should go through continuing professional education.
A. Profession C. Mission
B. Calling D. Vocation
121. Which is easiest for the teacher to devise for testing more advanced
cognitive abilities particularly for connecting allied concepts?
A. Completion C. Essay
B Matching D. True or False
122. The search for related literature by accessing several date bases by
the use of a telephone line to connect a computer in a library with other
computers that have data base is termed as _________.
A. manual search C. on-line search
B. computer search D. compact disc search
123. Advance organizers use __ to make connections among various
pieces of information for Efficient recall
A. Visual imagery
B. Elaboration
C. Organization
D. Rehersal
124. A teaching cycle is not complete without ___ of learning.
A. reviewing
B. recycling
C. planning
D. assessment
125. Among thinking skills, Analysis means,
A. Comparing information proper choices
B. selecting relevant and important information
C. Breakdown complex information
D. placing information
126. Which cognitive ability is tested in the essay question? A listing of
ways to tackle noise pollution.
A. Creating
B. Classifying
C. Inferring
D. Generalization

17. 127. To learn complex subject matter, it is most effective to
Experience from information and
A. classify facts
B. organize ideas
C. construct meaning
D. divide elements
128. Based on bloom's taxonomy, this activity is suitable to contribute to
comprehension and learning but NOT to include _________.
A. causal relationship
B. analogy
C. outline
D. text reading
129. How does a novice learner acquire information?
A. Selected information
B. Important information
C. All the information
D. Meaningful information
130. You are required to formulate your own philosophy of education in the
course teaching profession, based on Bloom's revised taxonomy, in which
level of cognitive structure or processing are you?
A. Applying
B. Creating
C. Analyzing
D. Evaluation
131. Teachers, principals an professors are person in authority. What act
confers this status to the?
A. RA 578 C. RA 586
B. RA 1265 D. RA 558
132. What document contains provisions that stipulate the proper conduct of
behavior of teacher in the discharge of their duties and responsibilities?
A. Code of Ethics for Teachers
B. The Bill of Rights
C. The Philippine Constitution
D. Magna Carta for Public School Teachers
133. What is the law enacted by Congress which provided free public
secondary education?
A. RA 6735 C. RA 6935
B. RA 6657 D. RA 6655
134. Which is the first step in planning an achievement test?
A. Build a table of specification
B. Define the instructional objectives
C. Decide on the length of the test
D. Select the type of test items to use
135. What kind of multiple question is: “For an agricultural country like the
Philippines, which should the country advance for its economic
development: (a) agriculture production (b) industrial development (c)
tourism (d) finance and banking”?
A. application of a concept
B. Simple knowledge
C. Assessment of a problem
D. Application of a formula
136. Which of the following Essay topic best measures problem-thinking
skills and originality?
A. Images of the Philippine presidency
B. Dr. Jose Rizal: as a Patriot
C. Human rights issues in the post-EDSA Philippine democracy
D. Facets of Filipinism Today
137. For integration of ASEAN member state, each have their own
respective national qualifications framework what does the Philippines
have?
A. National Qualifications Framework
B. The developmental National Competency-Based Teacher
Standards
C. National Competency-Based Teacher Standards
D. Philippine Qualification Framework
138. Which is the direct motivator among the following words/affirmation
given by a teacher before an examination?

18. A. I will be happy if you try your best
B. It’s alright to guess
C. Don’t work too slow or you’ll be left behind
D. Pay close attention to time
139. Evaluation of school or education programs is based on ______ rather
than on mere quantifiable data.
A. emotional feelings
B. human judgment
C. measurable estimates
D. sense perceptions
140. Teacher’s observation to evaluate students’ work and outcome needs
to be objective and this done with _____________.
A. written notes or records
B. memory or recall
C. hunches and guesses
D. common sense
141. What is the existentialist point of view relative to aim of education?
A. To develop cognitive power
B. To re-engineer society
C. To know themselves and their lives place in society
D. To acquire productive skill
142. What educational aims is postulated by social efficiency?
A. Idealist B. Essentialist
C. Pragmatist D. Realist
143. What philosophical belief describes the experiences and needs of the
students should be considered in preparing the curriculum?
A. Idealist B. Progressivism
C. Pragmatism D. Essentialism
144. Which of the following DOES NOT belong to three-fold function of
Secondary
A. Continuous General Education
B. Transmission of Knowledge
C. Preparation of Students for Higher Education
D. Provision of skills for useful Endeavour among students
145. The following are characteristics of progressive curriculum EXCEPT
_______.
A. knowledge that comes from various disciplines should be the
focus.
B. the classroom is only one place for the students to learn: learning
can take place anywhere.
C. focuses on the experience of the students and supervised by the
teacher.
D. takes into account all the curricular elements and test these
elements through real life application.
146. In order to have an effective teaching and learning, there must be an
adequate utilization of learning materials. What type of curriculum is this?
A. Hidden curriculum
B. Recommended Curriculum
C. Supported Curriculum
D. Assessed curriculum
147. Of subcategories of teacher movement behavior what is happening
when teacher goes from topic or activity to other topics or activities, lacking
clear direction and sequence of activities?
A. Dangle C. Truncation
B. Thrust D. Flip-lop
148. Of subcategories of teacher movement behavior what is happening
when teacher ends an activity abruptly?
A. Stimulus bounded C. Truncation
B. Thrust D. Flip-lop
149. The Principal Holy Trinity Private School wants to avail of the rights in
the Magna Carta. Is his claim legal?
A. Yes, he is principal.
B. Yes, if he is a licensed teacher
C. No, the school is a private school
D. No principal are not considered teachers.
150. Teacher Paula demonstrated the deductive method of teaching in her
English class. Based on her teaching demo she asked the class to outline
the steps of deductive teaching method, the students outlines served a she

19. starting point of the class discussion on the steps of deductive method, did
teacher Paula do deductive
A. Yes, she began with the concrete.
B. No, she went inductive.
C. Yes, she went deductive.
D. Both deductive and inductive
SUBMIT THIS TEST BOOKLET TOGETHER WITH THE ANSWER
SHEET TO YOUR WATCHERS. BRINGING THE TEST BOOKLET
OUT OF THE ROOM WILL BE GROUND FOR CANCELLATION OF
YOUR EXAMINATION.
THIS IS PRC PROPERTY, UNATHORIZED POSSESSION,
REPRODUCTION, AND/OR SALE OF THIS BOOKLET ARE
PUNISHABLE BY LW (R.A. 8981)
* * * END * * *