The document summarizes some of the key differences between the North and South that contributed to the American Civil War. The North had a colder climate suited for industry and manufacturing, while the South had a warmer climate well-suited for agriculture. The Northern economy was based on industry and manufacturing in cities and factories, while the Southern economy depended on agriculture and slave labor on large plantations. These economic and cultural differences between the North and South ultimately led to tensions over slavery and states' rights that escalated into the Civil War.

1. Early Roots of the Civil
War
The differences between the North and South

2. A civil war is a war between different groups of
people who belong to the same country.
-The American Civil War was fought between the North
(Union states) and the South (Confederate states).
-It lasted from 1861-1865, triggered by the election of
Abraham Lincoln in 1860. Lincoln wanted to end
slavery and keep the Union together.

4. The conflict between the North (the
Yankees) and the South (the Rebels)
started because of their different ways
of living.
But what were some specific differences
between the North and South?

5. Directions/Expectations
Use the Chart to record information about the
North and South. Use titles and bullet points for
each section:
EXAMPLE:
Climate and Geography:Category North South

6. START HERE

7. Climate and Geography of the
North
Warm, humid summers and cold snowy winters
• Short growing season plus cold made farming difficult.
• Clear, fast rivers
• Coastline full of bays.
• Cities develop near rivers and bays.
• Cities develop as trading centers.
• People begin to use waterpower to run factories.

8. Climate and Geography of
the South
Warm and sunny with long summers, mild
winters. Lots of rain.
• Climate ideal for agriculture.
• Fertile soil ideal for growing crops.

9. POPULATION IN THE
NORTH
• Huge population increase in the North between
1800 and 1860, mostly through immigration.
• Irish, German, and other Europeans mostly settle
in North.

10. POPULATION IN THE
SOUTH
Population of the South made up of Europeans (mostly
from England and Scotland) and enslaved Africans.
• 1/3 of the population were slaves.
• Most southerners lived on small farms.
• Only 1/4 of farmers owned slaves.
• Large farms called plantations were owned by the
wealthy few who owned most of the slaves.

11. Cities in the North
• Factories were set up making textiles (cloth goods)
• Increase in factory work brought more people to live in the
cities.
• Cities were crowded and dirty.
• Public education begun in cities for first time.
• Cities became important centers of art, culture, and
education. Many city newspapers begun.

12. Cities in the South
Most southerners lived on farms.
• There were very few large cities.
• Plantations were self-sufficient and became like
small towns.

13. Economy in North
• The economy of the North was based on
manufacturing. (TRADE)
• Worked in factories
• Made textiles, fabrics, cotton and wool spinners

14. Economy in South
The economy of the South was based on agriculture.
• Cotton, tobacco, rice, sugar cane, and indigo (a plant that was used
for blue dye) were sold as cash crops.
• slaves were now needed to pick the cotton.
• Slavery became essential to the South’s economy.

15. Culture of the North
The culture of the North was determined by life in the cities.
•Urban, more jobs
*Both religion and education were organized.
•Wanted freedom for slaves
• Very few boys, and almost no girls went on to secondary school.
• College was reserved for the wealthy.

16. Culture of the South
The culture of the South was determined by the upper class
plantation owners and their families.
*Rural
• Only children of plantation owners received any education.
• Many depended on and supported slavery
• The culture of the South revolved around plantation life.